Sustainability in the Fashion Industry PDF Free Download

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Sustainability in the Fashion Industry PDF Free Download

Sustainability in the Fashion Industry PDF free Download. Think more deeply and widely.

Politecnico di Torino

Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Ingegneria Gestionale (Management Engineering)

A.a. 2021/2022

Sessione di Laurea Ottobre 2022

Sustainability in the Fashion

Industry

An empirical analysis of the influence of certified eco-labels on

consumer behavior

Relatore:

Candidato:

Luigi Benfratello

Greta Spampinato

Acknowledgements

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Table of Contents

Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 7!

Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 8!

1.!Theory of Sustainability: insight into Corporate Social Responsibility and Circular

Economy ................................................................................................................................... 10!

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2.!Textile Industry: challenges and future sustainable actions ............................................ 15!

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3.!How companies react to Sustainability ............................................................................ 23!

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4.!Methodology .................................................................................................................... 39!

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5.!Results .............................................................................................................................. 43!

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6.!Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 68!

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7.!Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 73!

References ................................................................................................................................ 75!

! !

List of Figures

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List of Tables

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Abstract

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Introduction

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eK&,,+/?!"H""f6!!

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DH!

1. Theory of Sustainability: insight into Corporate Social

Responsibility and Circular Economy

1.1 A definition of Sustainability

Sustainability! =+./0! =++,)/8! %&2! %$/! /++(0! $),-%&,! 1%=:2%=)0)/8! 5&,&2+! 8+/+2.,)%/0?!

+/0&2)/8!,-+3!$)''!G+!.G'+!,%!=++,!,-+)2!/++(0!0.,)05.1,%2)'3!e^X-.,!)0!0&0,.)/.G)'),3i_?!"H""f6!

F&0,.)/.G)'),3!)0!/%,!h&0,!.G%&,!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,?!G&,!),!+=G+(0!^1%/1+2/0!5%2!0%1).'!+d&),3!./(!

+1%/%=)1! (+<+'%:=+/,_! e^X-.,! )0! 0&0,.)/.G)'),3i_?! "H""f6! A-+0+! ,-2++! ()=+/0)%/0! .2+!

(+012)G+(!G+'%$6!

Environmental F&0,.)/.G)'),3! (+.'0! $),-! +1%'%8)1.'! )/,+82),3g0! =.)/,.)/./1+?! .0! $+''! .0! ,-+!

G.'./1+!G+,$++/!/.,&2.'!2+0%&21+0g!2.,+!%5!1%/0&=:,)%/!G3!-&=./0!./(!,-+)2!.G)'),3!,%!.&,%B

2+:'+/)0-!e^X-.,!)0!0&0,.)/.G)'),3i_?!"H""f6!!

Economic F&0,.)/.G)'),3!2+'.,+0!,%!,-+!.G)'),3!%5!-&=./!1%==&/),)+0!,%!G+!)/(+:+/(+/,!./(!

-.<+!.11+00!,%!,-+!2+0%&21+0!,-+3!/++(!e^X-.,!)0!0&0,.)/.G)'),3i_?!"H""f6!!

Social F&0,.)/.G)'),3!)0!1%/1+2/+(!$),-!82./,)/8!&/)<+20.'!-&=./!2)8-,0!./(!G.0)1!/+1+00),)+0!

5%2!.''!:+%:'+!)/!,-+!$%2'(?!,%!$-%=!$)''!G+!+/0&2+(!.11+00!,%!2+0%&21+0!)/!%2(+2!^,%!*++:!,-+)2!

5.=)')+0!./(!1%==&/),)+0!-+.',-3!./(!0+1&2+_!e^X-.,!)0!0&0,.)/.G)'),3i_?!"H""f6!>%2+%<+2?!

:+20%/.'?! '.G%&2?! ./(! 1&',&2.'! 2)8-,0! =&0,! G+! 2+0:+1,+(?! ./(! .''! :+%:'+! :2%,+1,+(! 52%=!

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:2%5),0! $),-%&,! -.2=)/8! G%,-! 0%1)+,3! ./(! +/<)2%/=+/,! eF:)').*%0?! "HDQf6! A-+! )/,+20+1,)%/!

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$.,+2!&0.8+?!1%==&/),3!(+<+'%:=+/,!+55%2,0?!./(!G%.2(!()<+20),3_!)/!%2(+2!,%!1-%%0+!.=%/8!

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2.)0)/8!:&G')1!0&::%2,!eF:)').*%0?!"HDQf6!E0!.!2+0&',?!1%=:./)+0!0-%&'(!+=G2.1+!0&1-!()2+1,)%/?!

DD!

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),!eF:)').*%0?!"HDQf6!!

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line?!2+'.,)/8!,%!0%1).'?!+/<)2%/=+/,.'?!./(!+1%/%=)1!.0:+1,0!eO2./1%!+,!.'6?!"H"Hf6!;+2+?!,-+!

=%0,!2+'+<./,!.2+!=+/,)%/+(L!:2+0+2<)/8!+=:'%3++0g!$+''BG+)/8!./(!)=:2%<)/8!,-+!d&.'),3!%5!

')5+?!:2%,+1,)/8!0%1)+,3g0!$+''BG+)/8!./(!0,.*+-%'(+20g!)/,+2+0,0Z!:2+0+2<)/8!/.,&2.'!2+0%&21+0?!

.0!$+''!.0!(+<+'%:)/8!/+$!:2.1,)1+0!,%!2+0,%2+!./(!2+8+/+2.,+!+1%030,+=0!eO2./1%!+,!.'6?!"H"Hf6!

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12+.,+!.',+2/.,)<+0!eO2./1%!+,!.'6?!"H"Hf6!F:+1)5)1!)/<+0,=+/,0!)/!)//%<.,)%/!./(!2+0+.21-!.2+!

/++(+(! ,%! 0$),1-! ,%$.2(! 1)21&'.2! +1%/%=3! ./(! 5&+'! .! 2+.'! :.2.()8=! 0-)5,?! $-)1-! 2+d&)2+0!

.(.:,.,)%/!./(!1-./8+!%5!1&22+/,!=%(+'0!eO2./1%!+,!.'6?!"H"Hf6!

1.2 Circular Economy and its applications

Circular economy!)0!.!(+5)/+(!.0!.!:2%(&1,)%/!./(!1%/0&=:,)%/!=%(+'?!$-)1-!)0!5%1&0+(!%/!

2+&0)/8?! 2+:.)2)/8?! 2+5&2G)0-)/8?! ./(! 2+131')/8! +M)0,)/8! =.,+2).'0! ./(! :2%(&1,0! e^I)21&'.2!

+1%/%=3L!(+5)/),)%/?!)=:%2,./1+!./(! G+/+5),0_?! "H""f6! #,0! '+.()/8!:&2:%0+! )0!+M,+/()/8! ,-+!

:2%(&1,g0!')5+!131'+!./(!2+(&1)/8!$.0,+!8+/+2.,+(!G3!+.1-!0,.8+!%5!,-+!0&::'3!1-.)/!e^I)21&'.2!

+1%/%=3L!(+5)/),)%/?!)=:%2,./1+!./(!G+/+5),0_?!"H""f6!

E5,+2!.!:2%(&1,!2+.1-+0!,-+!+/(B%5B')5+?!),0!=.,+2).'0!1./!G+!:2%(&1,)<+'3!2+&0+(?!)/!,&2/!12+.,)/8!

.((),)%/.'!<.'&+6!e^I)21&'.2!+1%/%=3L!(+5)/),)%/?!)=:%2,./1+!./(!G+/+5),0_?!"H""f6!

#/!1%/,2.0,!,%!,-+!,2.(),)%/.'!linear!+1%/%=)1!=%(+'?!G.0+(!%/!.!^,.*+B=.*+B1%/0&=+B,-2%$!

.$.3!:.,,+2/_!e^I)21&'.2!+1%/%=3L!(+5)/),)%/?!)=:%2,./1+!./(!G+/+5),0_?!"H""f?!,-+!1)21&'.2!

+1%/%=3!=%(+'!)0!G.0+(!%/!.!1'%0+(!^:2%1&2+=+/,B:2%(&1,)%/B1%/0&=:,)%/!'%%:_6!#,!2+d&)2+0!

030,+=.,)1!1-./8+! ,-2%&8-%&,!,-+!<.'&+!1-.)/?!$-)1-! +/,.)'0!+0,.G')0-)/8!/+$!:.2,/+20-):0?!

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0&1-!=.,+2).'0!e>.[[%/)?!"H"Hf6!!

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+,!.'6?!"H"Df6!!

DC!

1.3 Corporate Social Responsibility: definitions and practical implications

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)!)0!.!^0+'5B2+8&'.,)/8!G&0)/+00!=%(+'_!$-)1-!.''%$0!.!

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"H"Df6!93!)=:'+=+/,)/8!IFK!:2.1,)1+0?!1%=:./)+0!1./!G+1%=+!.$.2+!%5!,-+!)=:.1,!,-+3!.2+!

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eO+2/./(%?!"H"Df6!

#/!5.1,?!+/8.8)/8!)/!IFK!=+./0!,-.,!.!1%=:./3!)0!%:+2.,)/8!$),-!,-+!%Gh+1,)<+!%5!+/-./1)/8!

./(!:%0),)<+'3!0&0,.)/)/8!0%1)+,3! ./(!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,?!)/0,+.(!%5!/+8.,)<+'3!.55+1,)/8!,-+=!

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2.1 Environmental impact associated to the textile supply chain

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Figure 1: Stages of the textile product life cycle and impacts; Source: Pruzan-Jorgensen P. M., Sustainability in

the European Apparel and Textile Industry,2010 EURATEX General Assembly, June 10, 2010.

2.2 Social impact of Fashion

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2.3 Sustainable Fashion and its impact on consumer behavior

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^(+')G+2.,+!.,,+=:,!,%!=.*+!.<.)'.G'+!.''!'+8.''3!2+'+.0.G'+!)/5%2=.,)%/?!$-+,-+2!:%0),)<+!%2!

/+8.,)<+!)/!/.,&2+?!)/!.!=.//+2!,-.,!)0!.11&2.,+?!,)=+'3?!G.'./1+(?!./(!&/+d&)<%1.'?!5%2!,-+!

:&2:%0+!%5!+/-./1)/8!,-+!2+.0%/)/8!.G)'),3!%5!:&G')10!./(!-%'()/8!%28./)[.,)%/0!.11%&/,.G'+!

5%2!,-+)2!.1,)%/0?!:%')1)+0?!./(!:2.1,)1+06_!eY)=!+,!.'6?!"HDQf6!93!1%==&/)1.,)/8!.!,2&+!IFK!

"P!

=%,)<+!+55+1,)<+'3! ./(!,2./0:.2+/,'3?!.!5)2=!$%&'(!G+!.G'+! ,%!8+/+2.,+!,2&0,?!%28./)[.,)%/.'!

1%==),=+/,?!1%''.G%2.,)%/?!./(!G&)'(!+=:'%3++0g!2+'.,)%/0-):0!eY)=!+,!.'6?!"HDQf6!!

#/! .((),)%/?! Y)=! ./(! 7++! e"HDQf! 0&88+0,! ,-.,! ,2./0:.2+/13! -.0! .! =%(+2.,)/8! 2%'+! )/! IFK!

1%==&/)1.,)%/?!G3!+/-./1)/8!^,-+!,2&0,$%2,-)/+00!%5!./!%28./)[.,)%/g0!IFK!)/),).,)<+_?!+<+/!

)5!,-+!0+'+1,+(!0%1).'!1.&0+!(%+0!/%,!5),!:2%:+2'3!$),-!,-+!1%=:./3!eY)=!+,!.'6?!"HDQf6!

;%$!1./!1%=:./)+0!+/0&2+!0&1-!+55+1,)<+?!,2./0:.2+/,!1%==&/)1.,)%/i!

#/!8+/+2.'?!1%=:./)+0g!1%==&/)1.,)%/!+55%2,0!0-%&'(!/%,!G+!=%/%B()2+1,)%/.'!./(!')=),+(!,%!

./!)/5%2=.,)<+!.1,)%/?!G&,!,-+3!=&0,!)/5'&+/1+!)/()<)(&.'0?!12+.,+!0%1).'!+/8.8+=+/,!./(!.1,)%/?!

$-)1-! +/,.)'0! G%%0,)/8! ^0%1)+,.'! ,2./05%2=.,)%/! ,%$.2(0! ,-+! /%2=.,)<+! 8%.'0! %5! 0&0,.)/.G'+!

(+<+'%:=+/,6_!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!A-)0!1./!G+!(%/+!+55+1,)<+'3!$),-!two-way communication?!$-)1-!

)0!.!G)()2+1,)%/.'!5'%$!%5!)/5%2=.,)%/!G+,$++/!1%=:./)+0!./(!1&0,%=+20!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!

Social media! .0!1%==&/)1.,)%/!,%%'0!1%=+!,%!:'.36!A-+3!+/0&2+!.!G+,,+2!5),! $),-!,$%B$.3!

1%==&/)1.,)%/!030,+=0!./(!8+/+2.,+!2+').G)'),3!.=%/8!1%/0&=+20!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!>%2+%<+2?!

,-+3! .2+! .G'+! ,%! 12+.,+! .! 5++')/8! %5! )/,+2:+20%/.'! 2+'.,)%/0-):?! $-)1-! $%2*0! ,%! (2)<+! ,-+!

+/<)2%/=+/,.'!G+-.<)%2?!./(!,-+3!82./,!d&)1*/+00!./(!+.0)/+00!%5!&0+!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!!

^F%1).'! =+().! )0! )/12+.0)/8'3! )=:%2,./,! .0! .! =+()&=! 5%2! 1%=:./)+0! ,%! 1%/<+3! .! =+00.8+!

')/*)/8!.!1%=:./3!,%!0%'<)/8!8'%G.'!8%.'0_!e9+)h*?!"H"Df?!$),-!,-+!.G)'),3!,%!2.)0+!1%/0&=+2!

.$.2+/+00!./(!+/8.8+=+/,6!!

3.3 The challenge of Greenwashing

A2./0:.2+/,!1%==&/)1.,)%/!%5!IFK!)/),).,)<+0!./(!.1,)%/0!:'.30!.!2%'+!.'0%!)/!'%$+2)/8!,-+!

$)(+0:2+.(?! /+8.,)<+! 0*+:,)1)0=! .=%/8! 1&0,%=+20?! 2+0&',! %5! 5.*+! (+1'.2.,)%/0! 1%/1+2/)/8!

0&0,.)/.G'+!:2.1,)1+0!eY)=!+,!.'6?!"HDQf6!

#/!5.1,?!1&0,%=+20!-.<+!G+1%=+!:2%82+00)<+'3!.$.2+!./(!=%2+!0+/0),)<+!,%!,-+!)=:.1,0!%5!,-+)2!

:&21-.0)/8!1-%)1+06!#/!,&2/?!1%=:./)+0!-.<+!G++/!5%21+(!,%!.(.:,!,-+)2!%55+2)/80!,%!,-)0!/+$!

^82++/_!(+=./(!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!!

;%$+<+2?!12+.,)/8!0&1-!0&0,.)/.G'+!:2%(&1,0!)/<%'<+!1%0,0!./(!2)0*0?!,%!1%=:'+,+'3!2+(+0)8/!

,-+)2!0,2&1,&2+!./(!(+0)8/!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!A-)0!)0!,-+!2+.0%/!$-3!),!)0!^+.0)+2!5%2!1%=:./)+0!,%!

,.*+!:.2,!)/!82++/$.0-)/8?!,-./!,%!1%=:'+,+'3!1-./8+!,-+)2!:2%(&1,06_!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!

Greenwashing!=+./0!=)0'+.()/8!1%/0&=+20!.G%&,!,-+!0&0,.)/.G'+?!+/<)2%/=+/,.'?!./(!0%1).'!

.1,)%/0!%5!.!5)2=?!G3!.(.:,)/8!,-+!5)2=g0!1%==&/)1.,)%/!1.=:.)8/0!./(!=+00.8+0!,%!=++,!,-+)2!

^82++/_!+M:+1,.,)%/0!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!E0!0&1-?!1%/0&=+20!.2+!1%/<)/1+(!,%!G&3!:2%(&1,0!$),-!

+/<)2%/=+/,.'!G+/+5),0?!G&,!2+.'),3!)0!5.2!()55+2+/,!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!

"Q!

A-+!:2%G'+=!)0!,-.,!82++/$.0-)/8!:2.1,)1+0!/+8.,)<+'3!)=:.1,!5)2=0g!2+:&,.,)%/?!.0!$+''!.0!

1%/0&=+2g0!1%/5)(+/1+!)/!82++/!:2%(&1,0L!.0!.!2+0&',?!,-)0!:.2,!%5!(+=./(!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!

1%''.:0+0!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!!

X-+/!),!)0!2+.0%/.G'+!,%!0.3!,-.,!.!5.0-)%/!1%=:./3!)0!^82++/$.0-)/8_i!

E!:%,+/,).'!0)8/.'!=.3!G+!$-+/!.!5)2=!+/8.8+0!)/!)=:2+00)<+!)/),).,)<+0!,%!1%/,2%'!./(!'%$+2!

1.2G%/! +=)00)%/0! %/'3! .,! ,-+! -+.(! %55)1+?! )/0,+.(! %5! ,-2%&8-%&,! ,-+! $-%'+! 0&::'3! 1-.)/6!

eK.&,&2)+2?! "H""f6! E/%,-+2! .'.2=! 0)8/! =.3! G+! ,-+! 5)2=g0! :2%=%,)%/! %5! ^+1%B52)+/('3!

:.1*.8)/8_!.0!,-+!'+.()/8!0,2.,+83?!$),-%&,!1-./8)/8!5.2!=%2+!)=:.1,)/8!5.1,%20!%5!),0!G&0)/+00!

=%(+'!eK.&,&2)+2?!"H""f6!>%2+%<+2?!5.0-)%/!1%=:./)+0!%5,+/!,.'*!.G%&,!+/+283!+55)1)+/13!./(!

=)/)=&=!$.8+?!G&,!,-+!'.,,+2!)0!0,)''!5.2!.$.3!52%=!,-+!.=%&/,!%5!=%/+3!/++(+(!G3!+=:'%3++0!

,%!')<+!(+1+/,'3!eK.&,&2)+2?!"H""f6!#/!,-+!+/(?!),!)0!1%==%/!,%!0++!5.0-)%/!G2./(0!'.&/1-)/8!+1%!

./(!0&0,.)/.G'+!2./8+0!%2!1%''+1,)%/0?!$-)1-!-%$+<+2!1%/0,),&,+!%/'3!.!,)/3!0')1+!%5!,-+)2!,%,.'!

:2%(&1,)%/!eK.&,&2)+2?!"H""f6!!

F%=+!+M.=:'+0!%5!5.0-)%/!G2./(0!(%)/8!82++/$.0-)/8!.2+!F;J#j?!.!I-)/+0+!2+,.)'+2?!;m>?!

EF`F!./(!sEKE!eK.&,&2)+2?!"H""f6!

#,!)0!1'+.2!$-3!1%=:./)+0!=&0,!,+''!,-+!,2&,-!.G%&,!,-+)2!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!.1,)%/0?!&0)/8!,$%B$.3!

1%==&/)1.,)%/!,%!+/8.8+!1&0,%=+20?!.0!^:+%:'+!.2+!/%,!.!:.00)<+!:.2,!%5!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!

:2%G'+=! G&,! 1./! G+1%=+! ./! .1,)<+! :.2,! %5! ,-+! 0%'&,)%/_?! 0-.:)/8! G2./(g0! 1%/5)(+/1+! ./(!

)/,+82),3!e9+)h*?!"H"Df6!

3.4 Definition and classification of eco-labels

J1%B'.G+'0!=.)/'3!1%/0,),&,+!.!2+0:%/0+!,%!1-./8+0!)/!1%/0&=+2!G+-.<)%2!./(!,%!,-+!2.)0+!%5!

^82++/!1%/0&=+2)0=_?!*/%$/!.0!,-+!0+,!%5!:&21-.0)/8!(+1)0)%/0!=.(+!G3!1%/0&=+20?!8&)(+(!

G3!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!%2!0%1).'!12),+2).!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!I%/0&=+20!.2+!=%2+!.$.2+!

./(!0+/0)G'+!,%!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!0%1).'!1-.''+/8+0?!2+0&',)/8!)/,%!.!-)8-+2!(+=./(!5%2!82++/!

:2%(&1,06! 4.2,)1&'.2'3?! ,-+0+! 1&0,%=+20! $./,! ,%! G+! )/5%2=+(! .G%&,! .''! :2%1+00+0! )/<%'<+(!

,-2%&8-!,-+!0&::'3!1-.)/?!)/!,+2=0!%5!)=:.1,0!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!

^J1%B'.G+'')/8!0++*0!,%!)/5%2=!1%/0&=+20!.G%&,!,-+!+55+1,0!%/!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,!%5!,-+!:2%B!

(&1,)%/?! 1%/0&=:,)%/! ./(! $.0,+! :-.0+0! %5! ,-+! :2%(&1,0t0+2<)1+0! 1%/0&=+(6_! eS.'.22.8.!

S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!A-+!=.)/!:&2:%0+!)0!,%!8)<+!1&0,%=+20!)/5%2=.,)%/!.G%&,!,-+!)=:.1,0!%5!

,-+)2!1%/0&=:,)%/?!./(!.'0%!,%!=.*+!8%<+2/=+/,0!./(!%,-+2!+/,),)+0!2.)0+!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!

0,./(.2(0!%5!,-+)2!:2%(&1,0!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!#/!.((),)%/?!+1%B'.G+'0!.''%$!5)2=0!

"W!

,%!=+.0&2+!:2%(&1,0g!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!:+25%2=./1+!52%=!.!')5+B131'+!:+20:+1,)<+Z!)/!.((),)%/?!

,-+3!=.3!2+(&1+!)/5%2=.,)%/!.03==+,2)+0!./(!,-+!8.:!G+,$++/!1%/0&=+2!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!

./(!,-+!:2)1+!0+,!G3!,-+!:2%(&1+2!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!

A+M,)'+!./(!1'%,-)/8!)/(&0,23?!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!%,-+2!5)+'(0?!)0!+=:'%3)/8!.''!:%00)G'+!IFK!,%%'0!

,%!2+:%2,!./(!)/5%2=!G&3+20!.G%&,!,-+)2!=./&5.1,&2)/8!:2%1+00+0!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!O.0-)%/!

5)2=0!5%''%$!0:+1)5)1!2+:%2,)/8!8&)(+')/+0!./(!+M,+2/.'!%28./)[.,)%/0!.2+!)/<),+(!,%!.&(),!,-+=?!

,%! +/0&2+! =%2+! 12+()G)'),3! eY%0[+$0*.?! "HDDf6! F%1).'! ./(! +/<)2%/=+/,.'! 2+:%2,0! .2+!

1%==&/)1.,)%/!,%%'0!5%2!1%=:./3g0!)/,+2/.'!./(!+M,+2/.'!0,.*+-%'(+20!G&,!.'0%!.!0&::%2,!5%2!

=./.8+=+/,?! ^.''%$)/8! 1%=:./)+0! ,%! 0,2&1,&2+! ,-+)2! .::2%.1-! ,%! 0&0,.)/.G'+! (+<+'%:=+/,?!

:2%82+00!=+.0&2+=+/,?!5%2=&'.,)%/!%5!0,2.,+8)+0!./(!)=:2%<+=+/,!8%.'06_!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!

>%2+%<+2?!1'%,-)/8!5)2=0!.2+!1%==),,+(!,%!:2%<)()/8!1%/0&=+20!$),-!=%2+!:&G')1.,)%/0?!%/')/+!

)/5%2=.,)%/!0+2<)1+0!./(!1%/0&=+2!8&)(+0?!.0!^J,-)1.'!I%/0&=+2?!J,-)01%2+?!j+$1%/0&=+2?!

7)5,!,-+! 7.G+'!J,-)1.'!T)2+1,%23?!./(! S+,+,-)1.'?!$-)1-!1%/,.)/!.!$+.',-! %5!)/5%2=.,)%/!%/!

.::.2+'!0,%2+0?!+,-)1.'!5.0-)%/?!%28./)1!1%,,%/?!5.)2!,2.(+?!+,16_!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!

#/!,-+!=+./$-)'+?!.!82%$)/8!/&=G+2!%5!5.0-)%/!5)2=0!)0!.::'3)/8!5%2!:2%1+00!1+2,)5)1.,)%/!G3!

,-)2(! :.2,)+0! ,%! '.G+'! ,-+)2! :2%(&1,0?! )/! .((),)%/! ,%! 0,./(.2(! '.G+'0?! $-)1-! :2%<)(+! 8+/+2.'!

)/5%2=.,)%/!%/!2.$!=.,+2).'0!./(!:2%(&1,g0!%2)8)/0!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!!

7.G+'')/8! ./(! 1+2,)5)1.,)%/! 030,+=0! 1./! G+! 1'.00)5)+(! .11%2()/8! ,%! ,+22),%2).'! 1%<+2.8+?! .0!

/.,)%/.'!S+2=./3g0!Blue Angel?!0&:2./.,)%/.'!EU Ecolabel?!%2!)/,+2/.,)%/.'!Fair Trade?!%2!G3!

,-+=.,)1!01%:+?!$-)1-!=+./0!.11%2()/8!,%!,-+!,3:+!%5!:2%(&1,0!1%<+2+(!G3!.!'.G+'!eY%0[+$0*.?!

"HDDf6!

F%=+! )/,+2/.,)%/.'! %28./)[.,)%/0?! .0! ,-+! J&2%:+./! I%==&/),3?! X%2'(! A2.(+! `28./)0.,)%/!

eXA`f?!@/),+(!j.,)%/0!J/<)2%/=+/,.'!42%82.==+!e@jJ4f!./(!,-+!#/,+2/.,)%/.'!`28./)0.,)%/!

5%2!F,./(.2()0.,)%/!e#F`f?!h%)/,'3!12+.,+(!.! 0+,! %5! +1%B1+2,)5)1.,)%/! 2&'+0?! 2+0&',)/8! )/! =./3!

)/),).,)<+0!%5!0&0,.)/.G'+!:2%(&1,0g!1+2,)5)1.,)%/!(&2)/8!,-+!'.0,!CH!3+.20!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!

A-+!#/,+2/.,)%/.'!`28./)[.,)%/!5%2!0,./(.2()[.,)%/!2+'+.0+(!.!0+2)+0!%5!0,./(.2(0!,%!+/0&2+!.!

&/)5)+(!.::2%.1-?!)/1'&()/8!ISO 14020, ISO 14021, ISO 14024, ISO 14025!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!

#F`!1'.00)5)1.,)%/! :2%<)(+0!5%2!,-2++!,3:+0!%5!)/5%2=.,)%/!.G%&,! +/<)2%/=+/,.'!)=:.1,!%5! .!

:2%(&1,!%2!0+2<)1+Z! )/!,&2/!,-2++!,3:+0!%5! #F`! +1%B'.G+'0!-.<+!G++/!(+<+'%:+(!$),-! 2+'.,+(!

0,./(.2(0!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!

CH!

Figure 2: Classification of CSR labels; Source: “Social and Eco-labelling of Textile and Clothing Goods as

Means of Communication and Product Differentiation”

o Type 1L!0&1-!'.G+'0!^2+5+2!,%!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!d&.'),3!%5!.!:2%(&1,!1%=:.2+(!$),-!,-+!

2+0,! %5! ,-+! :2%(&1,0_! ./(! ,-+3! -.<+! ,-+! 5&/1,)%/! ,%! (2)<+! .! 0$),1-! ,%$.2(0! =%2+!

+/<)2%/=+/,.''3!52)+/('3!1%/0&=:,)%/!:2.1,)1+0!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!A-+3!

.2+! <%'&/,.23! ./(! /++(! ,-)2(! :.2,3! 1+2,)5)1.,)%/Z! +M.=:'+0! .2+! ,-+! 9'&+! E/8+'!

eS+2=./3f!./(!,-+!J@!+1%B'.G+'6!A-+3!$./,!,%!)(+/,)53!,-+!'+00!)=:.1,)/8!:2%(&1,0?!

.(%:,)/8!.!')5+!131'+!.::2%.1-!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f!!

o Type 2: ,-+0+!.2+!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!1'.)=0!=.(+!G3!=./&5.1,&2+20!./(!()0,2)G&,%20!.G%&,!

0:+1)5)1!5+.,&2+0!%5!,-+!:2%(&1,!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f6!

o Type 3: '.G+'0!%5!,-)0!,3:+!:2%<)(+!^d&./,)5)+(!)/5%2=.,)%/!.G%&,!:2%(&1,0!G.0+(!%/!

)/(+:+/(+/,!<+2)5)1.,)%/_!eS.'.22.8.!S.''.0,+8&)?!"HH"f?!G&,!,-+2+!)0!'),,'+!+M:+2)+/1+!

.G%&,!,-+=6!

Figure 3!0&==.2)[+0!,-+!=.)/!5+.,&2+0!5%2!+.1-!'.G+'!,3:+!=+/,)%/+(!.G%<+6!#,!1%/,.)/0!

)/5%2=.,)%/!.G%&,!,-+!2+'.,+(!#F`!0,./(.2(?!)5!,-)2(!:.2,)+0!.2+!)/<%'<+(!%2!/%,?!,-+!&0+!%5!.!

')5+!131'+!./.'30)0?!,-+!01%:+?!)5!,-+!'.G+'!)0!<%'&/,.23?!,-+!'+<+'!%5!<+2)5).G)'),3!./(!2+').G)'),3!

./(!,-+!:%00)G'+!:2%0:+1,0!5%2!(+<+'%:=+/,6!

CD!

Figure 3: Comparison of ISO labels; Source: “Social and Eco-labelling of Textile and Clothing Goods as

Means of Communication and Product Differentiation”

`,-+2!,3:+0!%5!'.G+'0!)/1'&(+!industry labelling?!$-)1-!)0!1'+.2'3!)/(&0,23!0:+1)5)1?!corporate!

labelling?!&0+(!G3!5)2=0!0+'')/8!%2!=./&5.1,&2)/8!:2%(&1,0?!package labelling?!2+'.,+(!,%!,-+!

+M,+2/.'!:.2,!%5!,-+!:2%(&1,?!./(!social labelling?!$-)1-!^:2)=.2)'3!0-%$0!,-+!%28./)0.,)%/g0!

2+0:+1,!5%2!$%2*+20g!2)8-,0?!%11&:.,)%/.'!0.5+,3!./(!-+.',-!2&'+0?!.0!$+''!.0!),0!)/<%'<+=+/,!)/!

,-+!$+''BG+)/8!%5!'%1.'!1%==&/),)+0!./(!)/!5.)2!,+2=0!%5!,2.(+6_!eY%0[+$0*.?!"HDDf6!

Figure 4!0-%$0!,-+!=%0,!:%:&'.2!+1%B'.G+'0?!:2%<)()/8!.!8+/+2.'!%<+2<)+$6!

German Blue Angel?!:2%=%,)/8!G%,-!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!1%/0&=+2!:2%,+1,)%/?!)0!2+1%8/)[+(!,%!

:2%(&1,0!:%0),)<+'3!.55+1,)/8!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,?!52%=!.!CNH!(+82++0!:+20:+1,)<+?!./(!$),-!-)8-!

%11&:.,)%/.'!-+.',-!./(!0.5+,3!'+<+'0!eJ1%'.G+'!#/(+M?!"HDPf6!!

EU Eco-label )0!<%'&/,.23!./(!.)=+(!,%!)(+/,)53!+/<)2%/=+/,.''3!52)+/('3!:2%(&1,0!./(!0+2<)1+0!

5%2!J&2%:+./!1%/0&=+20!eJ1%'.G+'!#/(+M?!"HDPf6!

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Figure 4: The most common eco-labels, with a geographical classification; Source: “Social and Eco-labelling

of Textile and Clothing Goods as Means of Communication and Product Differentiation”

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Figure 5: The most common eco-labels for the textile and clothing industry; Source: “Social and Eco-labelling

of Textile and Clothing Goods as Means of Communication and Product Differentiation”

3.5 Eco-labels in the clothing industry: success factors and pitfalls

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3.6 A literature review on effectiveness of eco-labels as green marketing

tools

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! !

CW!

4. Methodology

4.1 Questionnaire

T.,.!$.0!1%''+1,+(!,-2%&8-!./!%/')/+!0&2<+3?!(+<+'%:+(!&0)/8!S%%8'+!O%2=0!.0!.!0&::%2,!,%%'6!

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1%/1+2/)/8! ,-+! 5%''%$)/8! <.2).G'+0L! .,,),&(+! ,%$.2(0! ,-+! 1%=:./3?! :&21-.0+! )/,+/,)%/?!

$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=?!1%/0&=+2!.$.2+/+00!%5!,-+!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!0%1).'!)=:.1,!%5!

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1%/,.)/+(!)/! ^The influence of certified eco-labels on clothing on consumer behaviour”?!.!

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G%,-!G+/+5),0!./(!:),5.''06!!

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)/1+/,)<+!)0!%55+2+(!5%2!1%=:'+,)%/6!A-+2+!.2+!=)/)=.'!1%0,0!)/<%'<+(!.0!(+')<+23!%5!,-+!0&2<+3!

d&+0,)%/0!./(!1.:,&2+!%5!,-+!2+0:%/0+0!)0!.&,%=.,+(?!2+(&1)/8!,-+!/++(!5%2!:.)(!2+0+.21-+20!,%!

.0*!5.1+B,%B5.1+!d&+0,)%/0!%2!+/,+2!(.,.?!2+(&1)/8!(.,.!+/,23!+22%20!./(!=.*)/8!,-+!1%()/8!./(!

1'+./)/8!%5!(.,.!.'=%0,!%G0%'+,+_!e9.''?!"HDWf6!A-+0+!2+.0%/0!G2%&8-,!,-+!.&,-%2!%5!,-)0!,-+0)0!

,%!8%!)/!0&1-!()2+1,)%/!%5!(.,.!1%''+1,)%/?!:2%:+2'3!5),,)/8!,-+!5)/.'!:&2:%0+0!%5!,-+!./.'30)06!!

`/!,-+!%,-+2?!:%00)G'+!(%$/0)(+0!1./!G+!2+'.,+(!,%!G).0+(!./(!/%/B2+:2+0+/,.,)<+!2+0:%/0+0?!.0!

$+''!.0!=./3!:+%:'+!$-%!-.<+!/%!)/,+2/+,!.11+00?!/%,!-.<)/8!,-+!1-./1+!,%!./0$+2!e9.''?!"HDWf6!

E/%,-+2!G).0B2+'.,+(!:2%G'+=!.55+1,0!,-+!0.=:'+L!^2+0:%/(+/,0!=.3!0-.2+!,-+!0&2<+3!$),-!,-+)2!

52)+/(0! ./(! 1%''+.8&+0! $),-! 0)=)'.2! )/,+2+0,0! %2! :+20:+1,)<+0?! $-)1-! =.3! '+.(! ,%! ,-+! %<+2B

2+:2+0+/,.,)%/! %5! .! :.2,)1&'.2! <)+$:%)/,_! e9.''?! "HDWf6! >%2+%<+2?! :.2,)1):./,0! =.3! :2%<)(+!

(&:')1.,+!2+0:%/0+0?!52.&(&'+/,!)/5%2=.,)%/?!%2!,-+3!=.3!(+')G+2.,+'3!0&G=),!$2%/8!2+0:%/0+0?!

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RH!

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Figure 6: Questionnaire

RD!

Figure 7: Questionnaire

R"!

4.2 Analysis

#/!%2(+2!,%!0,2&1,&2+!,-)0!0,.,)0,)1.'!./.'30)0!:2%:+2'3?!,-+!.&,-%2!-.0!5%''%$+(!0%=+!8&)(+')/+0!

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.G%&,!demographics!.2+!(%/+?!'%%*)/8!.,!,-+!52+d&+/1)+0!./(!:+21+/,.8+0!%5!%11&22+/1+6!!

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-.<+!G++/!.882+8.,+(?!G3!12+.,)/8!.!/+$!<.2).G'+!5%2!+<+23!82%&:Z!,-+!'.,,+2!)0!(+5)/+(!.0!./!

%<+2.''!=+./!%5!,-+!0)=)'.2!<.2).G'+0!1%/,.)/+(!)/!+.1-!82%&:6!E11%2()/8'3?!5)<+!.882+8.,)/8!

<.2).G'+0?! G+)/8! ^.,,),&()/+b.''_?! ^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_?! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_?! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!

./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_?!.2+!8+/+2.,+(6!!

O%2!)/0,./1+?!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!-.0!G++/!1%/0,2&1,+(!.0!5%''%$L!!

gen attitudine_all = (attitudine_consumatore1 + attitudine_consumatore2) /2

^E,,),&()/+b1%/0&=.,%2+D_! ./(! ^.,,),&()/+b1%/0&=.,%2+"_! 2+5+2! ,%! ,-+! 5)20,! ,$%! d&+0,)%/0!

1%/,.)/+(!)/!,-+!5)20,!0+1,)%/!%5!,-+!0&2<+3!$-)1-!1%22+0:%/(0!,%!,-+!82%&:!%5!1%/0&=+2!.,,),&(+6!

A-+! 2+=.)/)/8! <.2).G'+0! -.<+! G++/! 1%=:&,+(! G3! 5%''%$)/8! ,-+! 0.=+! 2+.0%/)/86! A-+! ,.G'+!

G+'%$!0&==.2)[+0!,-+=6!

Table 1: Aggregating variables

Group/Section

Aggregating variable

Formula

attitudine_consumatore* attitudine_all (attitudine_consumatore1+attitudine_consumatore2)/2

intenzione_acquisto* intenzione_all (intenzione_acquisto1+intenzione_acquisto2+intenzione_acquisto

3)/3

disponibilità_apagare* disponibilità_all (disponibilità_apagare1+disponibilità_apagare2)/2

consapevolezza_impatto* consapevolezza_all

(consapevolezza_impatto1+consapevolezza_impatto2+consapevole

zza_impatto3+consapevolezza_impatto4)/4

conoscenza_label* conoscenza_all (conoscenza_label1+conoscenza_label2+conoscenza_label3)/3

RC!

O%2!+.1-!%5!,-+0+!.882+8.,)/8!<.2).G'+0?!)/(+:+/(+/1+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!(+=%82.:-)1!<.2).G'+0!

)0! (+,+2=)/+(! ,-2%&8-! . chi squared test?! )/! %2(+2! ,%! &/1%<+2! :%00)G'+! :.,,+2/0! %5! =&,&.'!

2+'.,)%/6!#/!5.1,?!,-)0!,+0,!)0!.G'+!,%!0.3!)5!,$%!1.,+8%2)1.'!%2!/%=)/.'!<.2).G'+0!=.3!G+!2+'.,+(6!!

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,%!.!8)<+/!<.2).G'+g0!=+./6!A-+3!.2+!(+012)G+(!G+'%$6!

Levene’s test!%/!<.2)./1+0g!+d&.'),3!-.<+!G++/!:+25%2=+(?!)/!%2(+2!,%!(+,+2=)/+!$-)1-!,3:+!%5!

t-test! 0-%&'(! -.<+! 5%''%$+(6! #/! 5.1,?! ,-+! '.,,+2?! '%%*)/8! .,! =+./0g! +d&.'),3! .=%/8! ,$%!

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%:,)%/!^&/+d&.'_6!AB,+0,!)0!0&),.G'+!%/'3!5%2!8+/(+2?!.0!-+2+!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!.2+!%/'3!,$%6!

Kruskal-Wallis’ test! -.0! G++/!:+25%2=+(!.0!$+''L! ),! )0!.!/%/B:.2.=+,2)1! ,+0,! %/! +d&.'),3!%5!

=+()./0?!<+2)53)/8!)5!,-+!*!0&G0.=:'+0!1%=+!52%=!,-+!0.=+!:%:&'.,)%/!./(!-.<+!,-+!0.=+!

()0,2)G&,)%/!e]).?!"H"Hf6!#,!.::+.20!,%!G+!0&),.G'+!5%2!,-)0!(.,.0+,!.0!,-+2+!)0!/%!.00&=:,)%/!.G%&,!

.!/%2=.'!()0,2)G&,)%/!%5!(.,.6!

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),!)0! /%,! 0&),.G'+!)/!1.0+!%5! *! v"!0&G0.=:'+06!#/! :.2,)1&'.2?! Ej`pE! ,+0,!$.0!&0+(! ,%! 5)/(!

()55+2+/1+0!%5!=+./0!.=%/8!.8+!82%&:0?!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0!./(!,3:+0!%5!:2%5+00)%/?!.0!,-+3!.2+!

=%2+!,-./!,$%6!

#/!,-+!+/(?! multiple!regression! $.0!(%/+!,%!:2+()1,!,-+!+55+1,! %5! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!

^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!e)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0f!%/!,-+!%,-+2!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!e^.,,),&()/+b.''_?!

^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_?! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_f6! #/! .((),)%/?! ,-+! )/5'&+/1+! %5! (+=%82.:-)10! ./(! ,-+)2!

)/,+2.1,)%/!$),-!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!%/!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!.2+!

1%/0)(+2+(6!!

5. Results

E!,%,.'!%5!"NP!2+0:%/0+0!$+2+!1%''+1,+(!,-2%&8-!%/')/+!1-.//+'06!;%$+<+2?!%/+!%5!,-+=!$.0!

1./1+'+(!.0!),!1%/,.)/+(!=)00)/8!<.'&+0?!G2)/8)/8!,-+!+55+1,)<+!,%,.'!%5!2+0:%/0+0!,%!"NN6!A-+!

d&+0,)%//.)2+!$.0!.<.)'.G'+!)/!#,.')./?!0%!),!-.0!G++/!.00&=+(!,-.,!2+0:%/(+/,0!$+2+!#,.')./!

0:+.*+20?!=%0,'3!')<)/8!)/!#,.'36!!

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RR!

5.1 Demographics

O+=.'+0!.2+!NC6UCl!%5!:.2,)1):./,0?!$-)'+!=+/!1%/0,),&,+!%/'3!CU6CRl!%5!,-+!,%,.'?!1%/0)(+2)/8!

C!:+%:'+!$-%!./0$+2+(!^`,-+2_6!O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!.8+!1'.00+0?!Table 2!G+'%$!0&==.2)[+0!,-+!

52+d&+/13!%5!%11&22+/1+!./(!,-+!.G0%'&,+!./(!1&=&'.,+(!:+21+/,.8+!5%2!+.1-!1'.006!!

Table 2:Demographics' results

T.,.!0-%$!,-.,!,-+!'.28+0,!.8+!1'.00!)0!DQB"R!3+.20!%'(!$),-!DDC!%11&22+/1+0!eR"6RQlf?!5%''%$+(!

)==+().,+'3!G3!"UBCR!3+.20!%'(! G+)/8! RH6"Cl! %5! ,-+! ,%,.'!eDHP! %11&22+/1+0f6! 4+%:'+!.8+(!

G+,$++/!RU!./(!NR!3+.20!.2+!CC!eD"6RDl!%5!,-+!,%,.'f?!$-)'+!,-%0+!.8+(!52%=!CU!,%!RR!3+.20!.2+!

C6CQl!eW!%G0+2<.,)%/0f6!>%2+%<+2?!R!*)(0!&/(+2!DQ!3+.20!%'(!./0$+2+(L!G+)/8!./!)22+'+<./,!

D6Ul?!,-+3!$)''!G+!+M1'&(+(!52%=!,-+!0,.,)0,)1.'!./.'30)06!

X-+/!'%%*)/8!.,! ,-+! <.2).G'+0! ^+(&1.[)%/+_!./(!^:2%5+00)%/+_?!:)+!1-.2,0! )/! Figure 9!./(!

Figure 10!=.3!()0:'.3!,-+!2.$!()0,2)G&,)%/!:2%:+2'36!O2%=!,-+=?!),!)0!1'+.2!-%$!0%=+!1'.00+0!

.=%/8!,-+!'+<+'0!%5!+(&1.,)%/!./(!,3:+!%5!:2%5+00)%/0!.2+!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+?!)/!,+2=0!%5!/&=G+2!

%5!2+0:%/(+/,06!A-)0!)0!,-+!2+.0%/!$-3?!5%2!,-+!5&,&2+!:&2:%0+0!%5!,-+!./.'30)0?!,-+0+!82%&:0!

$)''!G+!)/1%2:%2.,+(!,%!%,-+2!'.28+2!82%&:0?!.0!0-%$/!)/!,-+!0+1%/(!:)+!1-.2,!,%!,-+!2)8-,!)/!

Figure 9!./(!Figure 106!

^T%,,%2.,%! ()! 2)1+21._! eD6DClf! )0! =+28+(! $),-! ^7.&2+.! =.8)0,2.'+_?! $-)'+! ^O%2=.[)%/+!

:2%5+00)%/.'+!)/,+2=+()._!)0!h%)/+(!,%!^F1&%'.!=+()._!e"6"Nl!./(!D6Ul!2+0:+1,)<+'3f?!5%2!,-+!

<.2).G'+!^+(&1.[)%/+_6!!

#/0,+.(?! 5%2! ,-+! <.2).G'+! ^:2%5+00)%/+_?! ^I.0.')/8%t._?! ^T)0%11&:.,%_?! ^j+00&/.! (+''+!

:2+1+/(+/,)_!./(!^4+/0)%/.,%_!1./!G+!)/1%2:%2.,+(?!.0!,-+3!2+:2+0+/,!H6PUl?!D6DCl?!D6QQl?!

D6Ul!2+0:+1,)<+'36!!

A-+0+!/+$!.882+8.,+(!1'.00+0!$)''!G+!&0+(!)/!,-+!5%''%$)/8!,+0,0!%/!)/(+:+/(+/1+?!=+./0!./(!

=+()./0g!+d&.'),36!!

RU!

!! !

Figure 8: Education pie chart-original vs aggregated.

O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!education?!,-+!%2)8)/.'!:)+!1-.2,!0-%$0!,-.,!CN6QRl!%5!2+0:%/(+/,0!.,,+/(+(!

-)8-!01-%%'!eWQ!%G0+2<.,)%/0f?!CH6QCl!8%,!.!=.0,+2g0!(+82++!eQ"!%G0+2<.,)%/0f!./(!"P6RRl!.!

G.1-+'%2g0!ePC!%G0+2<.,)%/0f6!4+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!:2%5+00)%/.'!01-%%'0!.2+!N!e"6"Nlf?!$-)'+!

,-%0+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!%/'3!,-2++!3+.20!%5!=)(('+!01-%%'!.2+!D6Ul!eR!%G0+2<.,)%/0f6!4%0,B82.(&.,+(!

(%1,%2.'!2+0+.21-+20!.2+!D6DCl!%5!,-+!,%,.'!eC!:+%:'+f6!!

! !

Figure 9: Professions pie chart-original vs aggregated

>%2+%<+2?!5%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!,-+!type of occupation?!,-+!%2)8)/.'!:)+!1-.2,!)/()1.,+0!,-.,!=%2+!

,-./!-.'5!2+0:%/(+/,0!.2+!1&22+/,'3!+=:'%3+(!eNH6DUl!%2!DNH!%G0+2<.,)%/0f?!$-)'+!CR6UWl!%5!

,-+=!.2+!0,&(+/,0!eW"!:+%:'+f6!@/+=:'%3+(!:+%:'+!.2+!C!eD6DClf!./(!2+,)2+(!%/+0!.2+!R!eD6Ulf6!!

5.2 Attitude towards the company

A-+! =+./! %5! “attitudine_all”! )0! R6HP! ./(! ),0! =+()./! eUHl! :+21+/,)'+f! )0! R?! $-)1-! 0-%$! .!

8+/+2.'?!:%0),)<+!.,,),&(+!%5!1%/0&=+20!,%$.2(0!1%=:./)+0!=.*)/8!&0+!%5!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!

Dottorato di ricerca Formazione professionale interme

Laurea magistrale Laurea triennale

Scuola media Scuola superiore

Formazione intermedia Laurea magistrale o Dottorato

Laurea triennale Scuola superiore

Casalingo/a Disoccupato

Nessuna delle precedenti Occupato

Pensionato Studente

Nessuna delle precedenti Occupato

Studente

RN!

#,! =+./0! ,-.,! 2+0:%/(+/,0! 8+/+2.''3! (+<+'%:! :%0),)<+! 5)2=g0! :+21+:,)%/! $-+/! 1'%,-)/8!

1%=:./)+0!&0+!+1%B'.G+'0!,%!1%==&/)1.,+!,-+)2!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!+55%2,06!

O%2!,-+!:&2:%0+!%5!,-)0!./.'30)0?!<.'&+0!G+'%$!"6U!-.<+!G++/!.882+8.,+(!,%!,-+!82%&:!%5!+55+1,)<+!

"6U!<.'&+0?!,%!8.)/!=%2+!0)8/)5)1./1+!)/!2+0&',06!

X-+/!1%/0)(+2)/8!1%/0&=+2g0!.,,),&(+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!gender?!0%=+!()55+2+/1+0!.2)0+!G+,$++/!

=+/!./(!$%=+/6!#/!5.1,?!$%=+/!e=+./!w!R6DRf!0++=!,%!-.<+!.!=%2+!:%0),)<+!.,,),&(+!,%$.2(0!

,-+!&0+!%5!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'0!,-./!=+/!e=+./!C6WRf6!E5,+2!-.<)/8!:+25%2=+(!.!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,?!

),! )0! :%00)G'+! ,%! 0,.,+! ,-.,! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! %5! )/(+:+/(+/1+! G+,$++/! ^8+/+2+_! ./(!

^.,,),&()/+b.''_!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(?!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!0.027!x!H6HU!e,.*+/!.0!.':-.!0)8/)5)1./1+!

'+<+'f6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1./!G+!.11+:,+(!

.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6N!v!H6HU6!>%2+%<+2?!,-+!,$%B0.=:'+!,B,+0,!1%/5)2=0?!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.04!

x!H6HU?!,-.,!,-+!=+./0!%5!,-+!,$%!0&G82%&:0!.2+!/%,!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B

%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,?!$%2*)/8!%/!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3?!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.02L!G+)/8!'%$+2!

,-./!H6HU?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!.0!$+''6!!

X-+/!1%/0)(+2)/8!,-+!0,2.,)5)1.,)%/!5%2!age groups?!,-+2+!0++=!,%!G+!/%!0)8/)5)1./,!()<+28+/1+06!

A-+!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!%5!)/(+:+/(+/1+!G+,$++/!^+,c_!./(!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6DP!

./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!2+h+1,+(!$),-!H6HU!.':-.6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!

H6HN?!0-%$)/8!,-.,!<.2)./1+0!1./!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!;%$+<+2?!8)<+/!,-.,!.8+!82%&:0!.2+!=%2+!

,-./!,$%?!,B,+0,!1.//%,!G+!:+25%2=+(?!G&,!),!)0!0&G0,),&,+(!G3!,-+!%/+B$.3! Ej`pE?! $-)1-!

1%/,.)/0!./!E/.'30)0!%5!p.2)./1+06!K+0&',0!0-%$!,-.,!,-+!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!%5!Ej`pE!,+0,!

G+,$++/!,-+!.8+!82%&:0!)0!H6CPL!),!)0!-)8-+2!,-./!H6HU!./(!)/!,&2/?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+./0!

+d&.'),3!1.//%,!G+!2+h+1,+(6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!1./!

G+!(%/+!./(!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!H6RL!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!E''!

.8+!82%&:0!0++=!,%!G+!+d&.'!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!^.,,),&()/+b.''_6!j%,+!,-.,!5%2!,-)0!./.'30)0!,-+!

82%&:!%5!:+%:'+!.8+(!'+00!,-./!DQ!-.0!G++/!+M1'&(+(6!!

I%/0&=+2!.,,),&(+!0-%$0!0)8/)5)1./,!()<+28+/1+0!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!education level!82%&:06!A-+!

1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!%5!)/(+:+/(+/1+!G+,$++/!^)0,2&[)%/+_!./(!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!

0.003! ./(! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! =&0,! G+! 2+h+1,+(! $),-! .':-.! w! H6HUL! ,-+0+! ,$%! <.2).G'+0! .2+!

(+:+/(+/,6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6HW?!0-%$)/8!,-.,!<.2)./1+0!1./!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!

+d&.'6!E'0%?!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0g!82%&:0!.2+!=%2+!,-./!,$%!./(!,B,+0,!1.//%,!G+!:+25%2=+(?!G&,!),!

)0!2+:'.1+(!G3!%/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,6!K+0&',0!0-%$!,-.,!,-+!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!G+,$++/!,-+!

RP!

82%&:0!)0!0.0002?!0-%$)/8!,-.,!=+./0!%5!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!1.//%,!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!

,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!1./!G+!(%/+!./(!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!0.0005L!,-+!

/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(6!

`/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!:2%<+(!,-.,!=+./0!.2+!/%,!+d&.'?!G&,!),!)0!)=:%2,./,!,%!&/(+20,./(!$-)1-!

82%&:0! -.<+! .! 0,.,)0,)1.''3! 0)8/)5)1./,! ()55+2+/1+! ,-2%&8-! :%0,! -%1! ,+0,06! The pairwise

comparisons of means with equal variances?!&0)/8!,-+!A&*+3!=+,-%(!,%!1%22+1,!:B<.'&+0?!)0!

&0+(!,%!,-)0!:&2:%0+6!F)M!1%=:.2)0%/0!.=%/8!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!82%&:0!.2+!(%/+6!A$%!1%/,2.0,0?!

“Scuola superiore vs Laurea magistrale o Dottorato_! ./(! “Scuola superiore vs Laurea

triennale”?!$+2+!,-+!=%0,!0)8/)5)1./,?!$),-!:B<.'&+0!%5!0.006!./(!about zero?!2+0:+1,)<+'36!

A-)0!=+./0!,-.,!,-+!82%&:!%5!:+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-!01-%%'!0-%$0!,-+!82+.,+0,!e/+8.,)<+f!

()55+2+/1+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-%0+!$-%!8%,!.!(+82++?!G%,-!G.1-+'%2g0!./(!=.0,+2g0?!$),-!,-+!'.,,+2!

0-%$)/8!.!G+,,+2!.,,),&(+!,%$.2(0!5.0-)%/!1%=:./)+0!$-)1-!&0+!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!J<+/!,-+!

1%/0,2.0,! ^F1&%'.! 0&:+2)%2+! <0! O%2=.[)%/+! )/,+2=+()._! )0! -)8-! eBH6URf?! G&,! ,-+! ,+0,! )0! /%,!

1%/5)(+/,!)/!2+h+1,)/8!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0?!(&+!,%!.!-)8-!<.2)./1+!./(!5+$!%G0+2<.,)%/06!

Table 3: Contrasts for education level

#/!,-+!+/(?!$-+/! 1%/0)(+2)/8! 1%/0&=+2g0! .,,),&(+! $),-!2+0:+1,!,%!-)0!profession?!,-+0+!,$%!

<.2).G'+0!0++=!)/(+:+/(+/,?!.0!0-%$/!G3!,-+!2+'.,+(!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!G+,$++/!^:2%5+00)%/+_!

./(!^.,,),&()/+b.''_?!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6RQ6!A-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(!$),-!.':-.!

w! H6HU6! #,! )0! 12&1).'! ,%! &/(+2')/+! ,-.,! 0,&(+/,0?! +=:'%3+(! :+%:'+! ./(! ^+<+23,-)/8! +'0+_! .2+!

1%/0)(+2+(!.0!0&G0.=:'+06!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6UW?!0-%$)/8!,-.,!<.2)./1+0!1./!G+!

1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!S)<+/!,-.,!:2%5+00)%/0g!82%&:0!.2+!,-2++?!,B,+0,!1.//%,!G+!:+25%2=+(6!A-&0?!),!

)0!0&G0,),&,+(!G3!,-+!%/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,?!$-%0+!2+0&',0!0-%$!,-.,!,-+!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!

G+,$++/!,-+!:2%5+00)%/!1.,+8%2)+0!)0!H6QCL!=+./0!%5!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!=&0,!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!

#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!1./!G+!(%/+!./(!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!

H6PCL!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!;+2+?!0&G82%&:0!(%!/%,!:2+0+/,!

()55+2+/1+0!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!^.,,),&()/+b.''_6!!

RQ!

5.3 Purchase intention

A-+!=+./!%5!“intenzione_all”!)0!C6U"!./(!),0!=+()./!eUHl!:+21+/,)'+f!)0!C6NP?!$-)1-!0&88+0,0!

./! %<+2.''! :%0),)<+! :&21-.0+! )/,+/,)%/! %5! 1%/0&=+20! ,%$.2(0! 1'%,-)/8! ./(! .11+00%2)+0! $),-!

1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!A-)0!)/()1.,+0!,-.,!=%0,!2+0:%/(+/,0!$+2+!$)'')/8!,%!G&3!5.0-)%/!),+=0!

$),-!.!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'6!!

E8.)/?!5%2!,-+!:&2:%0+!%5!,-)0!./.'30)0?!<.'&+0!G+'%$!"6U!-.<+!G++/!.882+8.,+(!,%!,-+!82%&:!%5!

+55+1,)<+!"6U!<.'&+0?!,%!8.)/!=%2+!0)8/)5)1./1+!)/!2+0&',06!

93!1%/0)(+2)/8!gender?!/%!0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+0!.2)0+!G+,$++/!=+/!./(!$%=+/6!E5,+2!-.<)/8!

:+25%2=+(!.!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,?!),!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!0,.,+!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!)/(+:+/(+/1+!

G+,$++/!^8+/+2+_!./(!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(?!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6DP!v!H6HU!e,.*+/!

.0! .':-.f6! 7+<+/+g0! ,+0,! %/! +d&.'),3! %5! <.2)./1+0! 2+<+.'0! ,-.,! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! 1./! G+!

.11+:,+(?!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6UW!v!H6HU6!

>%2+%<+2?!,-+!,$%B0.=:'+!,B,+0,!0-%$0?!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6QC!v!H6HU?!,-.,!,-+!=+./0!%5!,-+!

,$%! 0&G82%&:0! .2+! +d&.'6! #/0,+.(?! ,-+! Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g! +d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0! 2./*! ,+0,?!

$%2*)/8! %/! =+()./0g! +d&.'),3?! 8)<+0! .! :B<.'&+! %5! H6PDL! G+)/8! -)8-+2! ,-./! H6HU?! ,-+! /&''!

-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!$+''6!

O&2,-+2=%2+?!age groups!.'0%!0-%$!/%!0)8/)5)1./,!()<+28+/1+0!)/!,-+)2!:&21-.0)/8!)/,+/,)%/6!#/!

5.1,?!,-+!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!G+,$++/!^+,c_!./(!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6RU!./(!,-+!/&''!

-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!2+h+1,+(!$),-!.':-.!w!H6HU?!1%/5)2=)/8!,-+)2!)/(+:+/(+/1+6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!

%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!.11+:,+(?!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!

0.0046!K+0&',0!52%=!%/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!0-%$!,-.,!,-+!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!G+,$++/!,-+!.8+!

82%&:0! )0! H6""UL! 0&G0.=:'+0g! =+./0! .2+! +d&.'6! #/0,+.(?! ,-+! Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g! +d&.'),3B%5B

:%:&'.,)%/0! 2./*! ,+0,! 1./! G+! (%/+! ./(! ),0! :B<.'&+! )0! H6"UL! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! %5! =+()./0g!

+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!!

X-+/!./.'3[)/8!:&21-.0+!)/,+/,)%/!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-+!education level?!0)8/)5)1./,!()<+28+/1+0!

.=%/8!,-+!82%&:0g!=+./0!1%=+!%&,6!A-+!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!%5!)/(+:+/(+/1+!G+,$++/!^)0,2&[)%/+_!

./(!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6DR!./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(L!,-+0+!

,$%! <.2).G'+0! .2+! )/(+:+/(+/,6! 7+<+/+g0! ,+0,! %/! +d&.'),3! %5! <.2)./1+0! 2+<+.'0! ,-.,! ,-+! /&''!

-3:%,-+0)0!1./!G+!.11+:,+(?!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6DC6!`/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!e42%G!

v!Of!G+,$++/!,-+!82%&:0!%5!0.032!x!H6HU6!A-+0+!2+0&',0!0-%$!,-.,!=+./0!%5!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!

1.//%,!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'?!$-)'+!,-+)2!<.2)./1+0!.2+6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B

RW!

:%:&'.,)%/0! 2./*! ,+0,! 1./! G+! (%/+! ./(! ),0! :B<.'&+! )0! H6HP"! v! H6HUL! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! %5!

=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!

#/!%2(+2!,%!&/(+20,./(!$-)1-!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'g0!82%&:0!.2+!0,.,)0,)1.''3!()55+2+/,?!the pairwise

comparisons of means with equal variances?!&0)/8!,-+!A&*+3!=+,-%(!,%!1%22+1,!:B<.'&+0?!)0!

(%/+!./(!0)M! 1%=:.2)0%/0! .=%/8! +(&1.,)%/!'+<+'! 82%&:0!.2+! :+25%2=+(6!A-+!%/'3!1%/,2.0,!

$-)1-!=.3!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!0)8/)5)1./,?!+<+/!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.067?!)0!“Scuola superiore vs

Laurea triennale”6!A-)0!=+./0!,-.,!,-+!82%&:!%5!:+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-!01-%%'!0-%$0!.!

0')8-,!()55+2+/1+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-%0+!$-%!8%,!.!G.1-+'%2g0!(+82++?!$),-!,-+!'.,,+2!G+)/8!*++/+2!

,%!:&21-.0+!'.G+''+(!1'%,-)/86!

Table 4: Contrasts for education level

7.0,'3?!:&21-.0+!)/,+/,)%/0!%5!()55+2+/,!profession groups -.<+!G++/!1%=:.2+(6!E!1-)!0d&.2+(!

,+0,!G+,$++/!^:2%5+00)%/+_!./(!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6Q"!./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!

=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(!$),-!.':-.!w!H6HUL!,-+0+!,$%!<.2).G'+0!:2+0+/,!/%!:.,,+2/!%5!(+:+/(+/1+6!

7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1./!G+!.11+:,+(?!.0!,-+!

:B<.'&+!)0!H6W"6!`/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!0-%$0!,-.,!,-+!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!)0!H6R"L!,-)0!2+0&',!

0-%$0!,-.,!=+./0!%5!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!=&0,!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!

+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!1./!G+!(%/+!./(!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!H6RCL!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!

=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!#/!,&2/?!/%!2+'+<./,!()55+2+/1+0!.=%/8!:2%5+00)%/0g!82%&:0!

1.=+!%&,!%5!,-+!./.'30)06!

5.4 Willingness to pay a premium for sustainability

A-+!=+./!%5!“disponibilità_all”!)0!C6"U!./(!),0!=+()./!eUHl!:+21+/,)'+f!)0!C6U?!$-)1-!0-%$!

,-.,?!)/!=%0,!1.0+0?!1%/0&=+20!$+2+!$)'')/8!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!5%2!1'%,-)/8!./(!.11+00%2)+0!$),-!

1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!!

E8.)/?!5%2!,-+!:&2:%0+!%5!,-)0!./.'30)0?!<.'&+0!G+'%$!"6U!-.<+!G++/!.882+8.,+(!,%!,-+!82%&:!%5!

+55+1,)<+!"6U!<.'&+06!

UH!

j%! 0)8/)5)1./,! ()55+2+/1+0! .2)0+! G+,$++/! =+/! ./(! $%=+/6! E5,+2! -.<)/8! :+25%2=+(! .! 1-)!

0d&.2+(!,+0,?!),!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!0,.,+!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!)/(+:+/(+/1+!G+,$++/!^8+/+2+_!

./(!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(?!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6"C!v!H6HU!e,.*+/!.0!.':-.!<.'&+f6!

7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!

,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!0.04L!)/!,&2/?!.!,B,+0,!$),-!unequal variances!=&0,!G+!1-%0+/6!

F&1-! ,$%B0.=:'+! ,B,+0,! 0-%$0?! $),-! .! :B<.'&+! %5! H6WR! v! H6HU?! ,-.,! ,-+! =+./0! %5! ,-+! ,$%!

0&G82%&:0!.2+!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,?!$%2*)/8!

%/!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3?!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6WUL!G+)/8!-)8-+2!,-./!H6HU?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!

=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!$+''6!

X-+/!0,2.,)53)/8!,-+!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!age groups?!,-+2+!0++=!,%!

G+! /%! 0)8/)5)1./,! ()<+28+/1+06! A-+! 1-)! 0d&.2+(! ,+0,! %5! )/(+:+/(+/1+! G+,$++/! ^+,c_! ./(!

^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.056?!./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!$),-!.':-.!

0+,! ,%! H6HU?! +<+/! $),-! ,-)0! 0&2:'&0! %5! H6HHNL! ,-+! ,$%! <.2).G'+0! 0-%$! .! :.,,+2/! %5! =&,&.'!

(+:+/(+/1+6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!

.11+:,+(!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!0.0046!`/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!2+,&2/+(!.!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!G+,$++/!

,-+!.8+!82%&:0!%5!H6NCL!,-+!2+0&',!0-%$0!,-.,!0&G0.=:'+0g!=+./0!.2+!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'B

X.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!1./!G+!(%/+!./(!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!H6NRL!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!

%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!`<+2.''?!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!1./!G+!,2+.,+(!.0!+d&.'!$),-!

2+0:+1,!,%!,-+!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=6!

#/0,+.(?!),!$.0!5%&/(!,-.,!,-+2+!.2+!0)8/)5)1./,!()<+28+/1+0!.=%/8!,-+!education!level!82%&:0?!

)/!,+2=0!%5!=+./0!./(!=+()./0!%5!1%/0&=+2g0!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=6!A-+!1-)!0d&.2+(!

,+0,!%5!)/(+:+/(+/1+!G+,$++/!^)0,2&[)%/+_!./(!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_!8.<+!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.004!./(!

,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!$),-!.':-.!<.'&+!.,!H6HUL!,-+0+!,$%!<.2).G'+0!.2+!0%=+-%$!

(+:+/(+/,6! 7+<+/+g0! ,+0,! %/! +d&.'),3! %5! <.2)./1+0! 2+<+.'0! ,-.,! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! 1./! G+!

.11+:,+(!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6"C6!`/+B$.3!Ej`pE!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!G+,$++/!,-+!82%&:0!)0!

0.004!x!H6HU!./(!0-%$0!,-.,!=+./0!%5!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!1.//%,!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'?!$-)'+!,-+)2!

<.2)./1+0!.2+6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!1./!G+!(%/+!./(!

),0!:B<.'&+!)0!0.008!x!H6HUL!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(6!

#/!%2(+2!,%!)(+/,)53!$-)1-!0:+1)5)1!82%&:0!.2+!0)8/)5)1./,'3!()55+2+/,!52%=!+.1-!%,-+2?!. pairwise

comparisons of means with equal variances?! &0)/8! ,-+! A&*+3! =+,-%(?! :+25%2=+(! 0)M!

1%=:.2)0%/0!.=%/8!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!82%&:06!A-+!1%/,2.0,!“Scuola superiore vs Formazione

intermedia” $.0!,-+!=%0,!0)8/)5)1./,!eBH6WNf?!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.0096!F&2:2)0)/8'3!$),-!2+0:+1,!

UD!

,%!:2+<)%&0!2+0&',0?!,-)0!=+./0!,-.,!,-+!82%&:!%5!:+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-!01-%%'!0-%$0!,-+!

82+.,+0,!()55+2+/1+! $),-! 2+0:+1,!,%!,-%0+! $-%! .,,+/(+(!:2%5+00)%/.'! 01-%%'0?! $),-!,-+!'.,,+2!

G+)/8!=%2+!$)'')/8!,%!:.3!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),36!!

Table 5: Contrasts for education level

#/!1%/1'&0)%/?!$-+/!1%/0)(+2)/8!1%/0&=+2g0!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-+!

,3:+!%5!profession?!,-+!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!G+,$++/!^:2%5+00)%/+_!./(!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_!8.<+!.!:B

<.'&+!%5!H6""!./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(L!,-+0+!,$%!<.2).G'+0!:2+0+/,!/%!:.,,+2/!

%5!(+:+/(+/1+6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1./!G+!

.11+:,+(!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!H6CU6!K+0&',0!52%=!%/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!0-%$!,-.,!,-+!:B<.'&+!e42%G!

v!Of!G+,$++/!,-+!:2%5+00)%/!1.,+8%2)+0!)0!H6"N6!A-+0+!2+0&',0!0-%$0!,-.,!=+./0!./(!<.2)./1+0!

%5! ,-+! 0&G0.=:'+0! =&0,! G+! 1%/0)(+2+(! +d&.'6! #/0,+.(?! ,-+! Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g! +d&.'),3B%5B

:%:&'.,)%/0! 2./*! ,+0,! 1./! G+! (%/+! ./(! ),0! :B<.'&+! )0! H6RUL! ,-+! /&''! -3:%,-+0)0! %5! =+()./0g!

+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(6!#/!,&2/?!/%!2+'+<./,!()55+2+/1+0!.=%/8!:2%5+00)%/0g!82%&:0!1.=+!

%&,!%5!,-+!./.'30)06!

5.5 Awareness of environmental and social impacts of Fashion Industry

A-+!<.2).G'+!“consapevolezza _all”!-.0!.!=+./!%5!R6RP!./(!.!=+()./!eUHl!:+21+/,)'+f!%5!R6U6!

A-)0! 0-%$0! -%$! 2+0:%/(+/,0! $+2+! 0,2%/8'3! .$.2+! .G%&,! ,-+! -.2=5&'! +55+1,0! %5! O.0-)%/!

#/(&0,23g0!)/(&0,2).'!:2.1,)1+06!!

p.'&+0!%5!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.!b.''_!'%$+2!,-./!"6U!-.<+!G++/!.882+8.,+(!$),-!,-+!%G0+2<.,)%/0!

-.<)/8!./!+55+1,)<+!<.'&+!%5!"6U6!!

7%%*)/8!.,!,-+!gender?!.!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!%/!)/(+:+/(+/1+!%5!^8+/+2+_!./(!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.!

b.''_! :2%<)(+(! .! :B<.'&+! %5! 0.005! x! H6HUL! ,-+0+! ,$%! <.2).G'+0! :2+0+/,! .! :.,,+2/! %5! =&,&.'!

(+:+/(+/1+?!./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!

2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!0.01!x!H6HU6!E0!.!2+0&',?!.!

,$%B0.=:'+!,B,+0,!$),-!unequal variances!=&0,!G+!(%/+6!#,!0-%$0?!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.01!x!H6HU?!

,-.,!,-+!=+./0!%5!,-+!,$%!0&G82%&:0!.2+!/%,!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B

U"!

:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,?!$%2*)/8!%/!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3?!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.015L!G+)/8!'%$+2!,-./!

H6HU?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!.0!$+''6!`<+2.''?!,-+!,$%!82%&:0!

%5!=+/!./(!$%=+/!:2+0+/,!0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+0?!$),-!,-+!0+1%/(!e=+./!w!R6URf!G+)/8!=%2+!

.$.2+!,-+/!,-+!5)20,!e=+./!w!R6CRf6!

O%2! $-.,! 1%/1+2/0! ,-+! level of education?! ,-+! 1-)! 0d&.2+(! ,+0,! 2+<+.'+(! .! :.,,+2/! %5!

)/(+:+/(+/1+! G+,$++/! ^)0,2&[)%/+_! ./(! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_?! -.<)/8! .! :B<.'&+! %5! H6DQ6!

7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1./!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!,-+!

:B<.'&+!)0!H6RU6!#/0,+.(?!%/+B$.3!Ej`pE!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!G+,$++/!,-+!82%&:0!)0!0.0576!

A-+0+!2+0&',0!0-%$!,-.,!=+./0!.2+!/%,!+d&.'?!+<+/!$),-!,-+!0&2:'&0!%5!H6HHP!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!

.':-.!w!H6HU?!$-)'+!<.2)./1+0!%5!,-+!0&G0.=:'+0!1./!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!A-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!

+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0! 2./*! ,+0,! 1./! G+! (%/+! ./(! ),0! :B<.'&+! )0! 0.0065! x! H6HUL! ,-+! /&''!

-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(6!!

A%!&/1%<+2!$-)1-!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!82%&:0!-.<+!.!0,.,)0,)1.''3!0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+?!pairwise

comparisons of means with equal variances?!&0)/8!,-+!A&*+3!=+,-%(?!:+25%2=+(!0)M!1%/,2.0,0?!

G&,!%/'3!%/+!%5!,-+=!=.3!G+!2+'+<./,!eBH6RRf?!+<+/!$),-!.!:B<.'&+!%5!0.07L!“Scuola superiore

vs Formazione intermedia”6! #,! =+./0?! $),-! .! /+8.,)<+! 0)8/?! ,-.,! :+%:'+! $-%! -.<+! ./!

)/,+2=+().,+! +(&1.,)%/! 0++=! 0')8-,'3! =%2+! .$.2+! ,-./! ,-%0+! $-%! .,,+/(+(! -)8-! 01-%%'?!

0&2:2)0)/8'36!!

Table 6: Contrasts for education level

F,2.,)5)1.,)%/!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!age groups!./(!,-+!type of profession!0-%$+(?!5%2!.''!,-+!,+0,0?!

/%/B0)8/)5)1./,!2+0&',0L!0&G82%&:0!.2+!,-+!0.=+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!.$.2+/+00!%5!)=:.1,06!

5.6 Knowledge of certified eco-labels

A-+!<.2).G'+!“conoscenza_all”!-.0!.!=+./!%5!"6C!./(!.!=+()./!eUHl!:+21+/,)'+f!%5!D6CC6!A-)0!

0-%$0!-%$!2+0:%/(+/,0!()(! /%,! -.<+! =&1-!*/%$'+(8+!./(!+M:+2)+/1+!.G%&,!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B

'.G+'06!!

UC!

p.'&+0!%5!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!-)8-+2!,-./!R!-.<+!G++/!.882+8.,+(!$),-!,-+!+55+1,)<+!RB<.'&+(!

%G0+2<.,)%/06!!

A-+!1-)!0d&.2+(!,+0,!%/!)/(+:+/(+/1+!%5!“genere”!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!:2%<)(+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!

0.052L!,-+0+!,$%!<.2).G'+0!:2+0+/,!.!:.,,+2/!%5!=&,&.'!(+:+/(+/1+?!./(!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!

)/(+:+/(+/1+!1.//%,!G+!.11+:,+(!$),-!.':-.!w!H6HU6!7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!+d&.'),3!%5!<.2)./1+0!

2+<+.'0!,-.,!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!1.//%,!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!,-+!:B<.'&+!)0!0.0025!x!H6HU6!A-+2+5%2+?!

.!,$%B0.=:'+!,B,+0,!$),-!unequal variances!=&0,!G+!1.22)+(!%&,6!;%$+<+2?!),!0-%$0?!$),-!.!:B

<.'&+!%5!H6"P!v!H6HU?!,-.,!,-+!=+./0!%5!,-+!,$%!0&G82%&:0!.2+!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'B

X.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,?!$%2*)/8!%/!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3?!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!

H6N"L!G+)/8!82+.,+2!,-./!H6HU?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!.11+:,+(!.0!

$+''6!`<+2.''?!,-+!,$%!82%&:0!%5!=+/!./(!$%=+/!(%!/%,!:2+0+/,!0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+06!

7%%*)/8!.,!age?!%/'3!,-+!%/+B$.3!Ej`pE!,+0,!2+<+.'+(!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6HRU!x!H6HU?!$-)1-!

0-%$0! ,-.,! ,-+! '+<+'! %5! */%$'+(8+! )0! ()55+2+/,! 5%2! ()55+2+/,! .8+! 82%&:06! 7+<+/+g0! ,+0,! %/!

<.2)./1+!+d&.'),3!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6H"!./(!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!,+0,!

8)<+0!H6DD?!0-%$)/8!()55+2+/,!<.2)./1+0!./(!0.=+!=+()./0!5%2!,-+!0&G82%&:06!

;%$+<+2?!),!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!1%=:.2+!2%&8-'3!,-+!=+./0!%5!.8+!82%&:0!52%=!,-+!Ej`pE!%&,:&,!

./(!0++!,-.,!,-+!'.28+0,!()55+2+/1+!)0!G+,$++/!DQB"R!e=+./!w!"6Df!./(!CUBRR!3+.20!%'(!1'.00+0!

e=+./!w!"6Pf6!4.)2$)0+!1%=:.2)0%/!%5!=+./0!.00&=+0!+d&.'!<.2)./1+0?!G&,!)/!,-)0!1.0+!7+<+/+g0!

,+0,!(%+0!/%,!.11+:,!0&1-!-3:%,-+0)06!!

Table 7: Means of age groups

O%2! $-.,! 1%/1+2/0! ,-+! level of education?! ,-+! 1-)! 0d&.2+(! ,+0,! 2+<+.'+(! .! :.,,+2/! %5!

)/(+:+/(+/1+!G+,$++/!^)0,2&[)%/+_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_?!-.<)/8!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6HQ6!!

7+<+/+g0!,+0,!%/!<.2)./1+!+d&.'),3!8)<+0!.!:B<.'&+!%5!H6""?!./(!:B<.'&+!e42%G!v!Of!%5!Ej`pE!

,+0,!G+,$++/!,-+!82%&:0!)0!H6HPU!v!H6HUL!,-+0+!2+0&',0!0-%$!,-.,!=+./0!./(!<.2)./1+0!%5!,-+!

0&G0.=:'+0!1./!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!+d&.'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!Y2&0*.'BX.'')0g!+d&.'),3B%5B:%:&'.,)%/0!2./*!

UR!

,+0,!1./!G+!(%/+!./(!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!H6D!v!H6HUL!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!=+()./0g!+d&.'),3!=&0,!G+!

.11+:,+(6! `<+2.''?! /%! 0)8/)5)1./1+! ()55+2+/1+0! %<+2! ,-+! (+82++! %5! '.G+'0g! */%$'+(8+! .2)0+!

.=%/8!,-+!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0g!82%&:06!

F,2.,)5)1.,)%/!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-+!type of profession!G2%&8-,?!5%2!.''!,-+!,+0,0?!/%/B0)8/)5)1./,!

2+0&',06!A-&0?!0&G82%&:0!.2+!,-+!0.=+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!*/%$'+(8+!%5!+1%B'.G+'06!

A-+!/+M,!,.G'+0!-.<+!,-+!5&/1,)%/!,%!0&==.2)[+!,-+!2+'+<./,!0,.,)0,)10!5%2!+.1-!<.2).G'+!./(!

2+0&',0!%G,.)/+(!52%=!,-+!<.2)%&0!,+0,0!%/!(+=%82.:-)1!<.2).G'+0g!)/5'&+/1+6!!

A-+!:+21+/,)'+0?!.00%1).,+(!,%!.!1+2,.)/!,-+!<.2).G'+!<.'&+?!2+:2+0+/,!,-+!:+21+/,.8+!elf!%5!,-+!

()0,2)G&,)%/!.,!,-+)2!'+5,6!O%2!+M.=:'+?!G3!'%%*)/8!.,!Table 8?!),!1./!G+!0.)(!,-.,!"Ul!:+21+/,)'+!

)0!C6UZ!)/!,&2/?! PUl! %5! %G0+2<.,)%/0! .2+!-)8-+2! ,-./! C6U?!1%/5)2=)/8! ,-+!:%0),)<+! 1%/0&=+2!

.,,),&(+! ,%$.2(0! 1%=:./)+0! =.*)/8! &0+! %5! +1%B'.G+'06! #/! 1%/,2.0,?! Table 12! 0-%$0! .! PUl!

:+21+/,)'+!+d&.'!,%!CL!,-)0!0&88+0,0!,-.,!%/'3!"Ul!%5!(.,.!.2+!-)8-+2!,-./!C?!1%/5)2=)/8!,-+!

01.21+!+1%B'.G+'0!*/%$'+(8+!.=%/8!2+0:%/(+/,06!

Table 8: Summary statistics-attitudine_all

UU!

Table 9: Summary statistics-intenzione_all

Table 10: Summary statistics-disponibilità_all

Table 11: Summary statistics-consapevolezza_all

Table 12: Summary statistics-conoscenza_all

UN!

Table 13: Gender influence

Table 14: Age influence

Table 15: Education influence

Table 16: Profession influence

TEST attitudine_all intenzione_all disponibilità_all consapevolezza_all conoscenza_all

Chi-squared 0.027 0.17 0.23 0.005 0.05

Levene’s 0.6 0.59 0.04 0.01 0.0025

T-test 0.04 0.83 0.94 0.01 0.27

Kruskal-Wallis’ 0.02 0.71 0.95 0.015 0.62

TEST attitudine_all intenzione_all disponibilità_all

Chi-squared 0.17 0.45 0.056

Kruskal-Wallis’ 0.4 0.25 0.64

One-way

ANOVA 0.37 0.225 0.63

Levene’s 0.06 0.004 0.004

TEST attitudine_all intenzione_all disponibilità_all consapevolezza_all conoscenza_all

Chi-squared 0.03 0.14 0.004 0.18 0.08

Kruskal-Wallis’ 0.0005 0.072 0.008 0.0065 0.1

One-way

ANOVA 0.0002 0.032 0.004 0.057 0.075

Levene’s 0.09 0.13 0.23 0.45 0.22

TEST attitudine_all intenzione_all disponibilità_all

Chi-squared 0.48 0.82 0.22

Kruskal-Wallis’ 0.73 0.43 0.45

One-way

ANOVA 0.83 0.42 0.26

Levene’s 0.59 0.92 0.35

UP!

Table 17: Pairwise comparison of means results

j%,+!,-.,!,-+!,$%!<.'&+0!%5!0.067!./(!0.07!-.<+!G++/!.11+:,+(!.0!0)8/)5)1.,)<+?!+<+/!)5!,-+3!.2+!

-)8-+2!,-./!.':-.!H6HU?!)/!%2(+2!,%!+M:'.)/!$-)1-!82%&:0!%5!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!$+2+!0')8-,'3!=%2+!

()55+2+/,!)/!,-+)2!<.'&+0!%5!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!./(!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_6!!

! !

Contrast type Contrast sign

Contrast

p-value

attitudine_all

Contrast

p-value

intenzione_all

Contrast

p-value

disponibilità_all

Contrast

p-value

consapevolezza_all

Scuola

superiore vs

Laurea

magistrale o

Dottorato

Negative 0.006

Scuola

superiore vs

Laurea

triennale

Negative 0.000 0.067

Scuola

superiore vs

Formazione

intermedia

Negative 0.009 0.07

UQ!

5.7 Regression

42%<)(+(!,-.,?!5%2!,-+!:&2:%0+0!%5!,-)0!,-+0)0?!regression!$)''!G+!1.22)+(!%&,?!),!)0!)=:%2,./,!,%!

=+/,)%/! 0%=+! 8+/+2.'?! ,-+%2+,)1.'! 1%/1+:,0! %5! +1%/%=+,2)106! #/! 5.1,?! F,.,.! :+25%2=0! ,-+!

Ordinary Least Squares Regression (OLS)! ,%! +0,)=.,+! ,-+! &/*/%$/! +55+1,! %G,.)/+(! G3!

1-./8)/8!%/+!<.2).G'+!%<+2!./%,-+2!%/+6!`7F )0!.!=+,-%(!5%2!+0,)=.,)/8!,-+!1%+55)1)+/,0!%5!

')/+.2! 2+82+00)%/! +d&.,)%/0?! (+012)G)/8! ,-+! 2+'.,)%/0-):! G+,$++/! %/+! %2! =%2+! )/(+:+/(+/,!

<.2).G'+0!./(!.!(+:+/(+/,!%/+!e^`2()/.23!'+.0,!0d&.2+0_?!"H""f6!!A-)0!,+1-/)d&+!5%''%$0!,-+!

:2)/1):'+!%5!least squaresL!),!1%/0)0,0!)/!=)/)=)[)/8!,-+!0&=!%5!,-+!0d&.2+0!%5!,-+!()55+2+/1+0!

G+,$++/! ,-+! %G0+2<+(! (+:+/(+/,! <.2).G'+0! ./(! ,-%0+! :2+()1,+(! G3! ,-+! ')/+.2! 5&/1,)%/! %5!

,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!e^`2()/.23!'+.0,!0d&.2+0_?!"H""f6!!

#/!%2(+2!,%!:2%<)(+!1%/0)0,+/,!./(!2+').G'+!2+0&',0?!`7F!+0,)=.,%2!/++(0!,-+!<.')(),3!%5!0%=+!

.00&=:,)%/06!4.2,!%5!,-+=!82./,!,-+!G.0)1!<.')(),3!%5!,-+!=%(+'?!0%=+!%,-+20!.2+!&0+(!,%!%G,.)/!

0:+1)5)1!0,.,)0,)1.'!:2%:+2,)+0!5%2!./3!+0,)=.,%2!eS-%0-?!"H""f6!

o 7)/+.2),3!)/!:.2.=+,+20!

o K./(%=!0.=:')/8!%5!%G0+2<.,)%/0!

o j%!+/(%8+/+),3?!$-)1-!=+./0!^,-+2+!0-%&'(!G+!/%!2+'.,)%/0-):!G+,$++/!,-+!+22%20!./(!

,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+06_!ep.'1-./%<?!"HDQf!

o j%!=&',)B1%'')/+.2),3!

o J22%20!.2+!/%2=.''3!()0,2)G&,+(!

o ;%=%01+(.0,)1),3?!,-.,!=+./0!1%/0,./,!<.2)./1+!

o j%!.&,%1%22+'.,)%/?!,-.,!=+./0!,-+!1%<.2)./1+!%5!./3!,$%!+22%2!,+2=0!)0![+2%!

#/! :.2,)1&'.2?! =&',):'+! 2+82+00)%/! )0! 1.22)+(! %&,! 5%2! +.1-! (+:+/(+/,! <.2).G'+?! G+)/8!

^.,,),&()/+b.''_?! ^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_! ./(! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_?! $),-! 2+0:+1,! ,%! ,-+! )/(+:+/(+/,!

=+().,%20!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!E!:%0),)<+!)/5'&+/1+!)0!+M:+1,+(?!./(!),!

$)''!G+!(+=%/0,2.,+(!&0)/8!,-+!1%==./(!regress %/!F,.,.6!

A-+!%&,:&,!%5!2+82+00)%/!%/!F,.,.!)0!d&),+!(+/0+?!,-+2+5%2+!),!)0!=+./)/85&'!,%!:2%<)(+!0%=+!

1'.2)5)1.,)%/0!%/!,-+!%Gh+1,0!1%/,.)/+(6!!

A%,.'!<.2)./1+!)0!()<)(+(!)/,%!,-+!<.2)./1+!$-)1-!1./!G+!+M:'.)/+(!G3!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!

e>%(+'f!./(!,-+!<.2)./1+!$-)1-!1.//%,!G+!+M:'.)/+(!G3!,-+=!eK+0)(&.'f!e^K+82+00)%/!./.'30)06!

F,.,.!.//%,.,+(!%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!!

o SSL!F&=!%5!Fd&.2+0!')/*+(!,%!,-+!,-2++!0%&21+0!%5!<.2)./1+?!A%,.'?!>%(+'!./(!K+0)(&.'6!

FFA%,.'!)0!,-+!,%,.'!<.2).G)'),3!.2%&/(!,-+! =+./Z! FFK+0)(&.'!! 2+:2+0+/,0! ,-+! 0&=! %5!

UW!

0d&.2+(!+22%20!)/!:2+()1,)%/Z!FF>%(+'!0-%$0!,-+!)=:2%<+=+/,!)/!:2+()1,)%/!,-./*0!,%!

,-+!:2+()1,+(!<.'&+!%5!k!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-+!=+./!%5!k6!#,!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!,-)/*!%5!),!.0!

FF>%(+'! w! FFA%,.'! y! FFK+0)(&.'! e^K+82+00)%/! ./.'30)06! F,.,.! .//%,.,+(! %&,:&,_?!

"H""f6!

o dfL!(+82++0!%5!52++(%=!5%2!+.1-!0%&21+!%5!<.2)./1+?!G+)/8!jBD!5%2!,-+!A%,.'!p.2)./1+6!

o MSL! >+./! Fd&.2+0?! .0! ,-+! F&=! %5! Fd&.2+0! ()<)(+(! G3! ,-+)2! 2+0:+1,)<+! (+82++0! %5!

52++(%=!!e^K+82+00)%/!./.'30)06!F,.,.!.//%,.,+(!%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!

o F!./(!Prob > FL!O!)0!,-+!>+./!Fd&.2+!>%(+'!()<)(+(!G3!,-+!>+./!Fd&.2+!K+0)(&.'6!

A-+!:B<.'&+!.00%1).,+(!)0!42%G!v!O!./(!),!=&0,!G+!1%=:.2+(!,%!,-+!(+5)/+(!.':-.!'+<+'!

e,3:)1.''3!H6HUf!./(!)5!),!)0!0=.''+2?!),!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!0,.,+!,-.,!,-+!82%&:!%5!independent

variables reliably predicts the dependent one!e^K+82+00)%/!./.'30)06!F,.,.!.//%,.,+(!

%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!

o R-squared!./(!Adj R-squaredL!KBFd&.2+(!)0!,-+!:%2,)%/!%5!<.2)./1+!)/!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!

<.2).G'+!$-)1-!1./!G+!:2+()1,+(!./(!+M:'.)/+(!G3!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0?!)/!,&2/!),!

)0! 1%/0)(+2+(! .! =+.0&2+! %5! =%(+'! .11&2.13! e^K+82+00)%/! ./.'30)06! F,.,.! .//%,.,+(!

%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!#/0,+.(?!E(h&0,+(!KB0d&.2+!.,,+=:,0!,%!:2%<)(+!.!=%2+!:2+1)0+!<.'&+!%5!

KB0d&.2+(?! .(h&0,+(! 5%2! ,-+! /&=G+2! %5! :2+()1,%20! &0+(! e^K+82+00)%/! ./.'30)06! F,.,.!

.//%,.,+(!%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!

o Root MSEL!0,./(0!5%2!,-+!0,./(.2(!(+<).,)%/!%5!,-+!+22%2!,+2=6!!

o Std. Err.L!0,./(.2(!+22%20!%5!,-+!1%+55)1)+/,06!!

o t!./(!P>|t|L!,-+0+!:2%<)(+!,-+!,B<.'&+!./(!,-+!.00%1).,+(!:B<.'&+6!!I%+55)1)+/,0!$),-!:B

<.'&+0! '%$+2! ,-./! .':-.! .2+! statistically significant! e^K+82+00)%/! ./.'30)06! F,.,.!

.//%,.,+(!%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!

o [95% Conf. Interval]L!),!-+':0!,%!&/(+20,./(!,-+!2./8+!%5!:%00)G'+!<.'&+0!,-.,!.1,&.'!

:.2.=+,+20! =.3! .00&=+6!A-+! 1%+55)1)+/,! $)''! /%,! G+! 0,.,)0,)1.''3! 0)8/)5)1./,! )5! ,-+!

1%/5)(+/1+!)/,+2<.'!)/1'&(+0![+2%!e^K+82+00)%/!./.'30)06!F,.,.!.//%,.,+(!%&,:&,_?!"H""f6!

E!5)20,!2+82+00)%/! )0! (%/+! 5%2!“attitudine_all”?!1%/0)(+2)/8!,-+!1%=G)/+(! +55+1,! %5! ,-+! ,$%!

)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!!

7%%*)/8!.,!,-+!<.'&+!42%G!v!O?!G+)/8!,-+!:B<.'&+!0%!0=.''!,%!G+!.::2%M)=.,+(!,%![+2%!./(!'%$+2!

,-./!.':-.!H6HU?!),!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!0,.,+!,-.,!,-+!82%&:!%5!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!2+').G'3!:2+()1,0!

,-+!(+:+/(+/,!%/+6!

K!0d&.2+(!)0!CR6Rl!./(!,-+!.(h&0,+(!<+20)%/!CC6WlL!.G%&,!CRl!%5!^.,,),&()/+b.''_g0!<.2)./1+!

1./!G+!:2+()1,+(!G3!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+06!!

NH!

Table 18: Regression for attitudine_all

A-+!,$%!1%+55)1)+/,0!.2+!0.6!./(!0.22L!G+)/8!-)8-+2!,-./![+2%?!,-+3!0-%$!.!:%0),)<+!)/5'&+/1+!

%5! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_! ./(! ^1%/%01+/[.b.''_! %/! ^.,,),&()/+b.''_6! A-+! =%2+! .$.2+! ./(!

)/5%2=+(!1%/0&=+20!.G%&,!0&0,.)/.G)'),3?!,-+!=%2+!:%0),)<+!$%&'(!G+!,-+)2!.,,),&(+!,%$.2(0!,-+!

1%=:./36!#/!,&2/?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!%5!,-+!1%+56!w!H!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!.0!,-+!.00%1).,+(!:B

<.'&+0!.2+!0%!0=.''!,%!G+!.::2%M)=.,+(!,%![+2%6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!1%/0,./,!,+2=!+d&.'!,%!H6QP!e,-+!3B

.M)0!)/,+21+:,f!1.//%,!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!/&''!.0!),0!:B<.'&+!)0!H6HHU!x!H6HU6!#/!%,-+2!$%2(0?!.''!WUl!

1%/5)(+/1+!)/,+2<.'0!(%!/%,!1%/,.)/![+2%6!!

>%2+%<+2?!0%=+!interaction terms!%5!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!$),-!8+/(+2?!

.8+?! '+<+'! %5! )/0,2&1,)%/! ./(! ,3:+! %5! :2%5+00)%/! .2+! )/1'&(+(! )/! ,-+! =%(+'0L! )5! ,-+3! 2+0&',!

0,.,)0,)1.''3! 0)8/)5)1.,)<+?! ),! =+./0! ,-.,! ,-+! +55+1,! %5! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_! ./(!

^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!%/!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!.'0%!(+:+/(0!%/!,-+!<.'&+!%5!0&1-!(+=%82.:-)1!

<.2).G'+0!./(!<)1+<+20.6!A-+!1%+55)1)+/,!%5!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!2+:2+0+/,0!,-+!)/,+/0),3!%5!0&1-!

1%=G)/+(! +55+1,6! #/! .((),)%/! ,%! ,-)0?! ,-+! 1%+55)1)+/,0! %5! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_! ./(!

^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!:2+<)%&0'3!5%&/(!$)''!G+!.55+1,+(!.0!$+''6!

A-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''z1%/%01+/[.b.''_!)0!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!G&,!),!)0!-)8-'3!

1%22+'.,+(!,%!,-+!<.2).G'+!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!!

Gender!-.0!.!:%0),)<+!./(!0,.,)0,)1.''3!0)8/)5)1./,!+55+1,!%/!.,,),&(+!e1%+56!w!2.14!./(!:B<.'&+!

.::2%M)=.,+(! ,%! [+2%f! %/'3! $-+/! )/1'&()/8! )/! ,-+! =%(+'! ),0! /+8.,)<+! )/,+2.1,)%/! $),-! ,-+!

environmental and social awareness?!$),-!.!0)8/)5)1./,!1%+55)1)+/,!%5!-0.46!eTable 19f6!#/!%,-+2!

$%2(0?! ,-+! :2)/1):.'! +55+1,! )0! 0)8/)5)1./,! %/'3! )5! 1%=G)/+(! ,%! ),0! )/,+2.1,)%/! ,+2=6! A-+!

0)8/)5)1./1+!%5!,-+!'.,,+2!=+./0!,-.,!,-+!,%,.'!+55+1,!%5!8+/(+2!%/!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!(+:+/(0!%/!

ND!

+/<)2%/=+/,.'! ./(! 0%1).'! .$.2+/+00?! ./(! <)1+<+20.6! #/! :.2,)1&'.2?! ,-+! G)/.23! <.2).G'+!

^8+/+2+b/&=_?!(+5)/+(!,%!)/1'&(+!8+/(+2!.0!.!2+82+00%2?!,.*+0!%/!.!<.'&+!%5!D!5%2!=+/!./(!H!

5%2!$%=+/6!E0!.!2+0&',?!.,,),&(+!)/12+.0+0!%/'3!5%2!=+/!G3!.!d&./,),3!+d&.'!,%!"6DR?!$-)1-!)0!

(+12+.0+(! G3! ./! )/,+2.1,)%/! 5.1,%2! +d&.'! ,%! -0.46 * “consapevolezza_all”6! A-)0! $%&'(! G+!

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'%$+2!=+()&=!.$.2+/+00!,-./!$%=+/6!!

#/0,+.(?!5%2!$%=+/?!$-+/!^8+/+2+b/&=_!w!H?!,-+!=%(+'!)0!2+(&1+(!,%!,-+!0)=:'+!%/+!)/1'&()/8!

%/'3!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_?!.0!G%,-!,-+!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,!%5!^8+/+2+b/&=_!

./(!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!.2+!/&'')5)+(6!

;%$+<+2?!,-+!1%+55)1)+/,0!%5!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!G+1%=+!0.8!./(!0.3?!

2+0:+1,)<+'3L!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!%5!8+/(+2!./(!.$.2+/+00!,2)88+20!./!)/12+.0+!%5!,-+)2!:%0),)<+!+55+1,!

%/!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+6!#/!0&1-!=%(+'?!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!1./!+M:'.)/!.'=%0,!CWl!

%5!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!,%,.'!<.2)./1+!eK!0d&.2+(f6!

O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!.8+?!3%&/8!:+%:'+!0++=!,%!-.<+!.!0')8-,'3!/+8.,)<+!+55+1,!%/!^.,,),&()/+b.''_6!!

A-+!level of education!-.0!.!:%0),)<+?!0)8/)5)1./,!1%+55)1)+/,!%5!0.1!$-+/!1%/0)(+2+(!.0!:2)/1):.'!

+55+1,!)/!)0%'.,)%/L!,-+!-)8-+0,!'+<+'0!%5!+(&1.,)%/?!')*+!G.1-+'%2g0!./(!=.0,+2g0!(+82++0?!,+/(!

,%!1%/,2)G&,+!=%2+!,%!G&)'(!.!:%0),)<+!.,,),&(+!,-./!'%$+2!'+<+'0!eTable 20!&::+2!,.G'+f6!#/!,-)0!

1.0+?!,-+!1%+55)1)+/,0!%5!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!

,.*+!<.'&+0!%5!H6N!./(!H6"D!2+0:+1,)<+'3?!G.0)1.''3!1%/5)2=)/8!,-+!:2+<)%&0!%/+06!!

;%$+<+2?!),0!)/,+2.1,)%/!$),-!.$.2+/+00!)0!0,.,)0,)1.''3!2+'+<./,!G&,!/+8.,)<+!e1%+56!w!-0.2f6!#,!

=+./0! ,-.,! ,-+! %<+2.''! +55+1,! %5! +(&1.,)%/! '+<+'! %/! ^.,,),&()/+b.''_! .'0%! (+:+/(0! %/!

environmental and social awareness?!./(!<)1+<+20.6! #/!%,-+2!$%2(0?!),!1./!G+!0.)(!,-.,!,-+!

-)8-+2! +(&1.,)%/! '+<+'0?! ,-+! =%2+! :%0),)<+! .,,),&(+! ,%$.2(0! ,-+! 1%=:./3?! (+12+.0+(! G3! ./!

)/,+2.1,)%/!5.1,%2!e-0.2 * “istruzione” *!“consapevolezza_all”f?!$-)1-!82%$0!/+8.,)<+!5%2!

-)8-+2!<.'&+0!%5!+(&1.,)%/!./(!.$.2+/+006!E'0%?!5%2!-)8-+2!'+<+'0!%5!+(&1.,)%/?!,-+!:%0),)<+!

:2)/1):.'! +55+1,! %5! +/<)2%/=+/,.'! ./(! 0%1).'! .$.2+/+00! e/%$! G+)/8! 1.15 *!

“consapevolezza_all”) )0! 1%&/,+2G.'./1+(! G3! .! '.28+2! /+8.,)<+! 5.1,%2! 2+0&',)/8! 52%=!

)/,+2.1,)%/!e5%2!)/0,./1+?!-0.2 * 3 *!“consapevolezza_all” 5%2!G.1-+'%2g0!(+82++?!$-)'+!-0.2 *

2 *!“consapevolezza_all” 5%2!-)8-!01-%%'f6!!

#/!,&2/?!G3!)/1'&()/8!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''z)0,2&[)%/+_!)/!,-+!=%(+'?!+(&1.,)%/!

'+<+'g0! 1%+55)1)+/,! 82%$0! 52%=! H6D! ,%! 1! eTable 20f?! $-)'+! ,-+! 1%+55)1)+/,0! %5!

^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_! ./(! ^1%/%01+/[.b.''_! G+1%=+! 1.15! ./(! 0.25?! 2+0:+1,)<+'3L! ,-+!

N"!

)/,+2.1,)%/!%5!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!./(!.$.2+/+00!,2)88+20!./!)/12+.0+!%5!,-+)2!:%0),)<+!+55+1,0!%/!,-+!

(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+6!!

#/(++(?! )/! G%,-! =%(+'0! $),-! )/,+2.1,)%/?! 5%2! 8+/(+2! ./(! +(&1.,)%/?! ,-+! 1%+55)1)+/,0! %5!

^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_?!,.*+/!.0!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,0?!2+=.)/! :%0),)<+! ./(!

0)8/)5)1.,)<+6!!

A-+!:%2,)%/!%5!+M:'.)/+(!<.2)./1+?!2+:2+0+/,+(!G3!K!0d&.2+(?!G+1%=+!.'=%0,!+d&.'!,%!CQl6!

A-+!,3:+!%5!:2%5+00)%/!(%+0!/%,!0-%$!)/,+2+0,)/8!)/5'&+/1+06!

9+'%$?!,-+!2+.(+2!=.3!5)/(!F,.,.!%&,:&,0!%5!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!2+82+00%206!

Table 19: Effect of gender

NC!

Table 20: Effect of education level

F+1%/('3?!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!“intenzione_all”!)0!./.'3[+(6!

7%%*)/8!.,!,-+!<.'&+!42%G!v!O?!G+)/8!,-+!:B<.'&+!+d&.'!.::2%M)=.,+(!,%![+2%!./(!'%$+2!,-./!

.':-.!H6HU?!),!)0!:%00)G'+!,%!0,.,+!,-.,!,-+!82%&:!%5!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!2+').G'3!:2+()1,0!,-+!

(+:+/(+/,!%/+6!

K!0d&.2+(!)0!"W6Pl!./(!,-+!.(h&0,+(!<+20)%/!"W6"lL!.G%&,!"Wl!%5!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_g0!<.2)./1+!

1./!G+!:2+()1,+(!G3!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+06!!

A-+!,$%!1%+55)1)+/,0!.2+!0.5!./(!0.31L!G+)/8!-)8-+2!,-./![+2%?!,-+3!0-%$!.!:%0),)<+!)/5'&+/1+!

%5!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!%/!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_6!#/!,&2/?!,-+!/&''!-3:%,-+0)0!

%5!1%+56!w!H!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!.0!,-+!.00%1).,+(!:B<.'&+0!.2+!0%!0=.''!,%!G+!.::2%M)=.,+(!,%![+2%6!

A-+!=%2+!.$.2+!./(!)/5%2=+(!1%/0&=+20!.G%&,!0&0,.)/.G)'),3?!,-+!=%2+!:%0),)<+!$%&'(!G+!,-+)2!

:&21-.0)/8!)/,+/,)%/!5%2!'.G+''+(!.::.2+'6!#/0,+.(?!,-+!1%/0,./,!1./!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!/&''!.0!),0!:B

<.'&+!)0!H6DDC!v!H6HU6!#/!%,-+2!$%2(0?!,-+!WUl!1%/5)(+/1+!)/,+2<.'0!(%!/%,!1%/,.)/![+2%!5%2!,-+!

,$%!1%+55)1)+/,0?!$-)'+!,-+3!(%!5%2!,-+!1%/0,./,6!

NR!

>%2+%<+2?!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''z1%/%01+/[.b.''_!)0!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!G&,!),!)0!

-)8-'3!1%22+'.,+(!,%!,-+!,$%!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0?!)/!:.2,)1&'.2!,%!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!!

S+/(+2!-.0!/%!2+'+<./,!)/5'&+/1+!.0!.!2+82+00%2!5%2!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_6!!

O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!age?!,-+!2+'.,+(!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,!.'%/+!)0!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!)/!,-+!0)=:'+!=%(+'!

eTable 22f6!`/'3!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!“conoscenza_all*età”!-.0!.!0&55)1)+/,'3!'%$!:B<.'&+!./(!

.!:%0),)<+?!0,.,)0,)1.''3!0)8/)5)1./,!1%+55)1)+/,!%5!0.16!eTable 23f6!;%$+<+2?!G3!)/1'&()/8!,-)0!

)/,+2.1,)%/!)/!,-+!=%(+'?!.''!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,0!.2+!/&'')5)+(!./(!G+1%=+!/%,!0)8/)5)1./,?!.0!0-%$/!

)/!Table 236!#,!1./!G+!0.)(!,-.,!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!82%$0!$),-!.8+!G3!.!

5.1,%2!$-)1-!)0!82+.,+2!,-+!=%2+!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!,.*+0!-)8-!<.'&+06!p)1+<+20.?!,-+!:%0),)<+!

+55+1,!%5!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!%/!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!)0!82+.,+2!,-+!=%2+!.8+!,.*+0!-)8-+2!<.'&+0!e5%2!

)/0,./1+?! 0.16 * 2 *!“conoscenza_all” 5%2! ,-+! 82%&:! "UBCR! 3+.20! %'(! ./(! 0.16 * 3 *!

“conoscenza_all” 5%2!,-+!82%&:!CUBNR!3+.20!%'(f6!!

O&2,-+2=%2+?!KB0d&.2+(!82%$0!,%!C"l?!$-)1-!=+./0!,-.,!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!)/1'&(+(!

)/!,-)0!=%(+'!.2+!.G'+!,%!+M:'.)/!.!'.28+2!:%2,)%/!%5!<.2)./1+6!

A-+!'+<+'!%5!+(&1.,)%/!./(!,-+!,3:+!%5!:2%5+00)%/!.2+!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+6!

Table 21: Regression for intenzione_all

Table 22: Single principal effect of age

NU!

Table 23: Effect of interaction age-knowledge

O)/.''3?!,-+!<.2).G'+!“disponibilità_all” -.0!G++/!,-+!%Gh+1,!%5!2+82+00)%/6!

7%%*)/8!.,!,-+!<.'&+!42%G!v!O?!G+)/8!,-+!:B<.'&+!.::2%M)=.,+(!,%![+2%!./(!'%$+2!,-./!.':-.!

H6HU?! ),! )0! :%00)G'+! ,%! 0,.,+! ,-.,! ,-+! 82%&:! %5! )/(+:+/(+/,! <.2).G'+0! 2+').G'3! :2+()1,0! ,-+!

(+:+/(+/,!%/+6!

K! 0d&.2+(! )0! CH6Wl! ./(! ,-+! .(h&0,+(! <+20)%/! CH6ClL! .G%&,! CHl! %5! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_g0!

<.2)./1+!1./!G+!:2+()1,+(!G3!,-+!)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+06!!

A-+!,$%!1%+55)1)+/,0!.2+!0.61!./(!0.31L!G+)/8!-)8-+2!,-./![+2%?!,-+3!0-%$!.!:%0),)<+!)/5'&+/1+!

%5! ^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_! ./(! ^1%/%01+/[.b.''_! %/! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_6! #/! ,&2/?! ,-+! /&''!

-3:%,-+0)0!%5!1%+56!w!H!=&0,!G+!2+h+1,+(!.0!,-+!.00%1).,+(!:B<.'&+0!.2+!G%,-!.::2%M)=.,+(!,%!

[+2%6!A-+!=%2+!.$.2+!./(!)/5%2=+(!1%/0&=+20!.G%&,!0&0,.)/.G)'),3?!,-+!=%2+!,-+3!$%&'(!G+!

$)'')/8!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),36!#/0,+.(?!,-+!1%/0,./,!1./!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!/&''!.0!),0!

:B<.'&+!)0!H6NR!v!H6HU6!#/!%,-+2!$%2(0?!,-+!WUl!1%/5)(+/1+!)/,+2<.'0!(%!/%,!1%/,.)/![+2%!5%2!,-+!

,$%!1%+55)1)+/,0?!$-)'+!,-+3!(%!5%2!,-+!1%/0,./,6!

Table 24: Regression for disponibilità_all

NN!

>%2+%<+2?!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''z1%/%01+/[.b.''_!)0!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!G&,!),!)0!

-)8-'3!1%22+'.,+(!,%!,-+!<.2).G'+!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!

S+/(+2!)0!/%,!.!2+'+<./,!2+82+00%26!!

O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!age?!,-+!2+'.,+(!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,!)0!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!.'%/+!)/!,-+!0)=:'+!=%(+'!

eTable 25f6!`/'3!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!“conoscenza_all*età”!-.0!.!0&55)1)+/,'3!'%$!:B<.'&+!./(!

.!:%0),)<+!1%+55)1)+/,!%5!0.17!eTable 26f6!;%$+<+2?!G3!)/1'&()/8!,-)0!)/,+2.1,)%/!)/!,-+!=%(+'?!

.''!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,0!.2+!/&'')5)+(!./(!G+1%=+!/%,!0)8/)5)1./,?!.0!0-%$/!)/!Table 256!#,!1./!G+!

0.)(!,-.,!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_!82%$0!$),-!.8+!G3!.!5.1,%2!$-)1-!)0!82+.,+2!

,-+! =%2+! ^1%/%01+/[.b.''_! ,.*+0! -)8-! <.'&+06! p)1+<+20.?! ,-+! :%0),)<+! +55+1,! %5!

^1%/%01+/[.b.''_! %/! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_! )0! 82+.,+2! ,-+! =%2+! .8+! ,.*+0! -)8-+2! <.'&+0! e5%2!

)/0,./1+?! 0.17 * 2 * “conoscenza_all” 5%2! ,-+! 82%&:! "UBCR! 3+.20! %'( ./( 0.17 * 3 *!

“conoscenza_all” 5%2!,-+!82%&:!CUBNR!3+.20!%'(f!

O2%=! Table 26?! ),! 1./! G+! /%,)1+(! ,-.,! ,-+! :%2,)%/! %5! <.2)./1+! $-)1-! )0! +M:'.)/+(! G3! ,-+!

)/(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+0!82%$0!,%!CCl!eK!0d&.2+(f6!!

#/!,-+!+/(?!'+<+'!%5!+(&1.,)%/!./(!,3:+!%5!:2%5+00)%/!(%!/%,!0-%$!)/,+2+0,)/8!)/5'&+/1+06!

Table 25: Single principal effect of age

Table 26: Effect of interaction age-knowledge

NP!

A-+!5%''%$)/8!,.G'+0!0&==.2)[+!,-+!0)8/)5)1./,!1%+55)1)+/,0!%G,.)/+(!$),-!=&',):'+!

2+82+00)%/6!

Table 27: Regression results

Table 28: Regression results-demographics

COEFFICIENT

REGRESSOR attitudine_all intenzione_all disponibilità_all

consapevolezza_all 0.6 0.5 0.61

conoscenza_all 0.22 0.31 0.31

consapevolezza_all *

conoscenza_all Not significative Not significative Not significative

COEFFICIENT

REGRESSOR attitudine_all intenzione_all disponibilità_all

genere 2.14

genere *

consapevolezza_all -0.46

età * conoscenza_all 0.16 0.17

istruzione 0.1

istruzione*

consapevolezza_all -0.2

NQ!

6. Discussion

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5.0-)%/!1%=:./)+06!F+<+2.'!2+:%2,0!0,.,+!,-.,!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!./(!,2./0:.2+/13!.2+!(2)<)/8!,-+!

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+,!.'6?!"H"Df6!!

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0%1).'!./(!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!)=:.1,0?!)/!,&2/!2.)0)/8!,-+)2!,2&0,!./(!'%3.',36!A-+2+5%2+?!5.0-)%/!

1%=:./)+0!.2+!+M:+1,+(!,%!:2%<)(+!^)/5%2=.,)%/!,%!1%/0&=+20!2+8.2()/8!-%$!,%!1.2+!5%2!,-+)2!

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,-+!5.0-)%/!)/(&0,23!e932(!+,!.'6?!"H"Df6!A-+2+5%2+?!),!)0!12&1).'!,-.,!1%=:./)+0!(+<%'<+!,-+)2!

+55%2,0!,%!1%/0&=+2g0!+(&1.,)%/!./(!+1%B'.G+'')/8!:2%82.=0g!:2%=%,)%/!e932(!+,!.'6?!"H"Df6!

42+<)%&0!2+0+.21-!0-%$0!,-.,!1%/0&=+20!-.<+!:%0),)<+!5++')/80!,%$.2(0!0&0,.)/.G)'),3?!+<+/!

$),-!.!'.1*!%5!0:+1)5)1!*/%$'+(8+?!G&,!,-+3!.2+!^/%,!$)'')/8!,%!0.12)5)1+!:2)1+!./(!0,3'+!5%2!

2+0:%/0)G'+!.::.2+'!),+=0_!)/!8+/+2.'!e932(!+,!.'6?!"H"Df6!!

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1%==&/)1.,)%/!%5!0&0,.)/.G'+!.1,)%/0!<).!+1%B'.G+'0!G%%0,0!1%/0&=+2!:+21+:,)%/!%5!,-+!5)2=!

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NW!

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2+82+00)%/!=%(+'0!%5!^.,,),&()/+b.''_?!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!./(!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_6!

`/+!')=),.,)%/!%5!,-)0!0,&(3!)0!,-+!.G0+/1+!%5!.!<.2).G'+!2+:2+0+/,)/8!income?!$-)1-!=.3!G+!

2+'.,+(!,%!,-+!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),36!E/%,-+2!1%/0,2.)/,!)0!,-+!&0+!%5!

.!0.=:'+!$-)1-!1.//%,!G+!,2+.,+(!.0!2./(%=6!#/!5.1,?!,-+!0&2<+3!-.0!G++/!0-.2+(!%/!0%1).'!

/+,$%2*0! ./(! 2+.1-+(! :+%:'+! $),-! 0)=)'.2! )/,+2+0,0! %2! :+20:+1,)<+0?! :%00)G'3! 8+/+2.,)/8! ./!

%<+2B2+:2+0+/,.,)%/!%5!0%=+!.0:+1,06!>%2+%<+2?!,-+!0&2<+3!$.0!.<.)'.G'+!)/!#,.')./!%/'3?!$-)1-!

1&,0!%&,!%5!,-+!0.=:'+!5%2+)8/!:+%:'+!/%,!0:+.*)/8!#,.')./6!!

6.1 Attitude towards the company

A-)0!:.:+2!-)/,0!,-.,!,-+!&0+!%5!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'0!%/!1'%,-)/8!./(!.11+00%2)+0!-.0!.!positive

effect!%/!1%/0&=+2g0!.,,),&(+!,%$.2(0!,-+!1%=:./3!=.*)/8!0&1-!&0+!%/!),0!:2%(&1,06!E,,),&(+!

PH!

./(!gender!0++=!,%!G+!(+:+/(+/,6!#/!:.2,)1&'.2?!$%=+/!0++=!,%!-.<+!.!=%2+!:%0),)<+!.,,),&(+!

,%$.2(0!1%=:./)+0!$-)1-!&0+!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'0!,-./!=+/6!!

E,,),&(+! ./(! education level! 0++=! ,%! G+! (+:+/(+/,6! K+0:%/(+/,0! $-%! G+'%/8! ,%! ()55+2+/,!

+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0!82%&:0!0-%$!()<+28+/1+0!.0!$+''L!:+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-!01-%%'!0-%$0!,-+!

82+.,+0,!()55+2+/1+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-%0+!$-%!8%,!.!(+82++?!G%,-!G.1-+'%2g0!./(!=.0,+2g0?!$),-!

,-+!'.,,+2!0-%$)/8!.!G+,,+2!.,,),&(+!,%$.2(0!5.0-)%/!1%=:./)+0!$-)1-!&0+!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!!

K+82+00)%/!./.'30)0!0-%$0!-%$!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!)0!positively!)/5'&+/1+(!

G3!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!Gender!-.0!.!:%0),)<+!./(!0)8/)5)1./,!+55+1,!%/!

.,,),&(+! %/'3! )/! :2+0+/1+! %5! ),0! /+8.,)<+! )/,+2.1,)%/! $),-! ,-+! environmental and social

awarenessL!,-+!%<+2.''!+55+1,!%5!8+/(+2!%/!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!(+:+/(0!%/!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!0%1).'!

.$.2+/+00?!./(!<)1+<+20.6!#/!:.2,)1&'.2?!.,,),&(+!)/12+.0+0!%/'3!5%2!=+/!G3!.!d&./,),3!+d&.'!,%!

"6DR?!$-)1-!)0!(+12+.0+(!G3!./!)/,+2.1,)%/!5.1,%2!+d&.'!,%!-0.46 * “consapevolezza_all”6!A-)0!

$%&'(!G+!82+.,+2?!/+8.,)<+'3?!,-+!=%2+!.$.2+/+00!,.*+0!-)8-+2!<.'&+06!O%2!$%=+/?!G%,-!,-+!

:2)/1):.'!+55+1,!%5!^8+/+2+b/&=_!./(!),0!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!.2+!/&'')5)+(?!0%!,-+!=%(+'!$%&'(!

)/1'&(+!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!%/'3?!$),-!-)8-+2!:%0),)<+!1%+55)1)+/,06!!

O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!.8+?!3%&/8!:+%:'+!0++=!,%!-.<+!.!0')8-,'3!/+8.,)<+!+55+1,!%/!^.,,),&()/+b.''_6!

A-+! level of education! .'0%! -.0! .! :%0),)<+! +55+1,L! ,-+! -)8-+0,! '+<+'0! %5! +(&1.,)%/! ,+/(! ,%!

1%/,2)G&,+!=%2+!,%!G&)'(!.!:%0),)<+!.,,),&(+6!;%$+<+2?!),0!)/,+2.1,)%/!$),-!.$.2+/+00!)0!2+'+<./,!

G&,!/+8.,)<+6!#/!,&2/?!,-+!%<+2.''!+55+1,!%5!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!%/!^.,,),&()/+b.''_!(+:+/(0!.'0%!%/!

+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!0%1).'!.$.2+/+00?!./(!<)1+<+20.6!#/!%,-+2!$%2(0?!,-+!-)8-+2!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0?!

,-+!=%2+!:%0),)<+!.,,),&(+!,%$.2(0!,-+!1%=:./3?!(+12+.0+(!G3!./!)/,+2.1,)%/!5.1,%2!$-)1-!82%$0!

/+8.,)<+!5%2!-)8-+2!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0!./(!.$.2+/+006!E'0%?!5%2!-)8-+2!'+<+'0!%5!+(&1.,)%/?!,-+!

:%0),)<+!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,!%5!+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!0%1).'!.$.2+/+00 )0!1%&/,+2G.'./1+(!G3!.!'.28+2!

/+8.,)<+!5.1,%2!2+0&',)/8!52%=!)/,+2.1,)%/6!

6.2 Purchase intention

K+0&',0!0&88+0,+(!./!%<+2.''!positive!:&21-.0+!)/,+/,)%/!%5!1%/0&=+20!,%$.2(0!1'%,-)/8!./(!

.11+00%2)+0!$),-!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!A-)0!=+./0!,-.,!1%=:./)+0!)/<+0,)/8!)/!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!./(!

&0)/8!+1%B'.G+'0!,%!1%==&/)1.,+!0&1-!+55%2,0!$)''!G+!1-%0+/!G3!5.0-)%/!1%/0&=+206!!

#/!:.2,)1&'.2?!2+0:%/(+/,0!$-%!G+'%/8!,%!()55+2+/,!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'0!82%&:0!0-%$!()<+28+/1+0L!

:+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-!01-%%'!0-%$0!.!0')8-,!()55+2+/1+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-%0+!$-%!8%,!.!

G.1-+'%2g0!(+82++?!$),-!,-+!'.,,+2!G+)/8!*++/+2!,%!:&21-.0+!'.G+''+(!1'%,-)/86!

K+82+00)%/!./.'30)0!0-%$0!-%$!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!)0!positively!)/5'&+/1+(!

G3!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!age?!,-+!2+'.,+(!:2)/1):.'!

PD!

+55+1,!)0!/%,!0)8/)5)1.,)<+!)/!,-+!0)=:'+!=%(+'6!`/'3!,-+!)/,+2.1,)%/!,+2=!^1%/%01+/[.b.''z+,c_!

)0!:%0),)<+!./(!0)8/)5)1./,6!93!)/1'&()/8!,-)0!)/,+2.1,)%/!)/!,-+!=%(+'?!.''!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,0!.2+!

/&'')5)+(!./(!G+1%=+!/%,!0)8/)5)1./,6!;%$+<+2?!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!82%$0!

$),-!.8+!G3!.!5.1,%2!$-)1-!)0!82+.,+2!,-+!=%2+!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!,.*+0!-)8-!<.'&+06!!

6.3 Willingness to pay a premium

F&2:2)0)/8'3?!,-)0!2+0+.21-!0-%$0!,-.,!1%/0&=+20!$+2+!$)'')/8!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!5%2!1'%,-)/8!

./(!.11+00%2)+0!$),-!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'06!A-)0!1%/0,),&,+0!./!)=:%2,./,!2+0&',!5%2!1%=:./)+0L!

,-+3!=.3!0+,!higher prices!,%!h&0,)53!,-+)2!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!+55%2,06!!

#/!:.2,)1&'.2?!2+0:%/(+/,0!$-%!G+'%/8!,%!()55+2+/,!education levels!82%&:0!0-%$!()<+28+/1+0!

.0!$+''L!:+%:'+!$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-!01-%%'!0-%$0!,-+!82+.,+0,!()55+2+/1+!$),-!2+0:+1,!,%!,-%0+!

$-%!.,,+/(+(!:2%5+00)%/.'!01-%%'0?!$),-!,-+!'.,,+2!G+)/8!=%2+!$)'')/8!,%!:.3!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),36!!

X)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!./(!age!0-%$!.!:.,,+2/!%5!=&,&.'!(+:+/(+/1+?!

.0!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2+=)&=!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),3!./(!education level6!!

K+82+00)%/! ./.'30)0! 0-%$0! -%$! ,-+! (+:+/(+/,! <.2).G'+! ^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_! )0! positively!

)/5'&+/1+(!G3!^1%/0.:+<%'+[[.b.''_!./(!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_6!O%2!$-.,!1%/1+2/0!age?!,-+!2+'.,+(!

:2)/1):.'! +55+1,! )0! /%,! 0)8/)5)1.,)<+! .'%/+! )/! ,-+! 0)=:'+! =%(+'6! `/'3! ,-+! )/,+2.1,)%/! ,+2=!

^1%/%01+/[.b.''z+,c_!)0!:%0),)<+!./(!0,.,)0,)1.''3!0)8/)5)1./,6!93!)/1'&()/8!,-)0!)/,+2.1,)%/!)/!

,-+!=%(+'?!.''!:2)/1):.'!+55+1,0!.2+!/&'')5)+(!./(!G+1%=+!/%,!0)8/)5)1./,6!;%$+<+2?!),!1./!G+!

+M:'.)/+(!-%$!,-+!(+:+/(+/,!<.2).G'+!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_!82%$0!$),-!.8+!G3!.!5.1,%2!$-)1-!)0!

82+.,+2!,-+!=%2+!^1%/%01+/[.b.''_!,.*+0!-)8-!<.'&+06!!

6.4 Awareness about environmental and social impacts

K+0:%/(+/,0!$+2+!strongly aware!.G%&,!,-+!-.2=5&'!+55+1,0!%5!O.0-)%/!)/(&0,23g0!)/(&0,2).'!

:2.1,)1+0?!G%,-!0%1).'!./(!+/<)2%/=+/,.'6!

E$.2+/+00! ./(! gender! :2+0+/,! .! :.,,+2/! %5! =&,&.'! (+:+/(+/1+6! >+/! ./(! $%=+/! :2+0+/,!

0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+0?!$),-!,-+!0+1%/(!G+)/8!=%2+!.$.2+!,-+/!,-+!5)20,!82%&:6!7%%*)/8!.,!,-+!

level of education?!:+%:'+!$-%!-.<+!./!)/,+2=+().,+!+(&1.,)%/!0++=!=%2+!.$.2+!,-./!,-%0+!

$-%!.,,+/(+(!-)8-! 01-%%'?! 0&2:2)0)/8'36! #/0,+.(?! /%! 0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+0! .2)0+!.=%/8! ,-+!

,3:+0!%5!:2%5+00)%/6!!

>&',):'+!2+82+00)%/!:2%<+(!,-.,!.$.2+/+00!%5!)=:.1,0!)0!.!significantly positive regressor!5%2!

^.,,),&()/+b.''_?!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!./(!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_6!!

P"!

6.5 Knowledge about certified eco-labels

E0!1%==%/'3!5%&/(!G3!:2+<)%&0!2+0+.21-!:.:+20?!2+0:%/(+/,0!()(!not have much knowledge!

./(!+M:+2)+/1+!.G%&,!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'0?!$),-!/%!()55+2+/1+0!G+,$++/!=+/!./(!$%=+/6!Age!

./(!*/%$'+(8+!0-%$!.!:.,,+2/!%5!=&,&.'!(+:+/(+/1+?!./(!,-+!82%&:0!-.<+!0')8-,'3!()55+2+/,!

=+./0!.0!$+''L!2%&8-'3!1%=:&,+(?!,-+!'.28+0,!()55+2+/1+!)0!G+,$++/!DQB"R!e=+./!w!"6Df!./(!CUB

RR!3+.20!%'(!1'.00+0!e=+./!w!"6Pf6!;%$+<+2?!/%!0)8/)5)1./,!()55+2+/1+0!.2)0+!.=%/8!,-+!%,-+2!

82%&:0?!1%/0)(+2)/8!+(&1.,)%/!'+<+'!./(!,3:+!%5!:2%5+00)%/6!

>&',):'+!2+82+00)%/!:2%<+(!,-.,!*/%$'+(8+!%5!+1%B'.G+'0!)0!.!significantly positive regressor!

5%2!^.,,),&()/+b.''_?!^)/,+/[)%/+b.''_!./(!^()0:%/)G)'),cb.''_6!

! !

PC!

7. Conclusion

I%/0&=+20! .2+! (+<+'%:)/8! .! /+$! 0+/0)G)'),3?! ./)=.,+(! G3! ,-+! :2%5%&/(! 1%/1+2/! 5%2!

+/<)2%/=+/,.'!./(!0%1).'!0.5+,36!A-)0!)0!:.2,)1&'.2'3!,2&+!5%2!,-+!O.0-)%/!)/(&0,23?!G+)/8!%/+!%5!

,-+!=%0,!)=:.1,)/8!./(!:%''&,)/86!I%=:./)+0!.2+!+M:+1,+(!,%!2+0:%/(!,%!0&1-!1-./8+!$),-!

82++/+2!:2%(&1,0?!=%2+!,2./0:.2+/,?!1)21&'.2!1'%0+(B'%%:!0&::'3!1-.)/0! ./(!IFK!)/),).,)<+06!

A-)0!)0!12&1).'!,%!:2+0+2<+!,-+)2!1%=:+,),)<+!.(<./,.8+!)/!.!1%=:+,),)<+!./(!(3/.=)1!=.2*+,!

0&1-!.0!,-+!O.0-)%/!%/+6!!!

F'%$!O.0-)%/!1%/0,),&,+0!,-+!*+3!,%!1-./8+!,-+!5&,&2+!%5!,-+!)/(&0,236!#/!%2(+2!,%!0&11++(?!

O.0-)%/!/++(!,%!G+!2+(+5)/+(!./(!1%/0&=+2!G+-.<)%2!,%!G+!1-./8+(!e>./(.2)1!r!+,!.'6?!"H""f?!)/!

')8-,!%5!12+.,)<),3!./(!1%''.G%2.,)%/?!8&)()/8!.!2+<%'&,)%/!%5!,-+!$-%'+!030,+=!e>./(.2)1!r!+,!

.'6?!"H""f6!O.0,!O.0-)%/!=&0,!G+!1%=:'+,+'3!+2.()1.,+(?!,%!'+.<+!2%%=!5%2!.!2.()1.'!1-./8+!%5!

=)/(0+,?! 5%2! G%,-! G&0)/+00+0! ./(! 1%/0&=+20! e>./(.2)1!r! +,! .'6?! "H""f6! `<+2:2%(&1,)%/! ./(!

%<+21%/0&=:,)%/!$)''!G+!2+:'.1+(!G3!d&.'),3g0!:2)%2),)[.,)%/!%<+2!d&./,),3?!%28./)1!./(!,2.1+(!

2.$! =.,+2).'0?! 2+&0+! ./(! 2+131'+! :2.1,)1+0?! .0! $+''! .0! 1%/1+2/! 5%2! +,-)1.'! 0&::'3! 1-.)/0!

e>./(.2)1!r!+,!.'6?!"H""f6!!

A-+! /++(! ,%! 1%==&/)1.,+! ,2./0:.2+/,'3! ./(! )/5%2=! 1&0,%=+20! .G%&,! 5.0-)%/! 1%=:./)+0g!

0&0,.)/.G'+!.1,)%/0!=.3!G+!0.,)05)+(!,-2%&8-!,-+!&0+!%5!1+2,)5)+(!+1%B'.G+'0?!$-)1-!0++=!,%!G+!

=%2+!12+()G'+!,-./!8+/+2.'!%/+0?!.0!.!2+0&',!%5!,-+!+M,+2/.'!1+2,)5)1.,)%/!,-+3!2+1+)<+6!A-)0!.0:+1,!

-.0!.!2%'+!)/!()=)/)0-)/8!,-+!.=%&/,!%5!1%/5&0)%/!./(!0*+:,)1)0=!)/!,-+!=.2*+,6!!

A-+!2+0+.21-!1.22)+(!%&,!)/!,-)0!,-+0)0!0&88+0,0!-%$!+1%B'.G+'0!=.3!G+!1%/0)(+2+(!./!+55+1,)<+!

1%==&/)1.,)%/! ,%%'?! :%0),)<+'3! (2)<)/8! 1%/0&=+2! G+-.<)%2! ./(! (+1)0)%/0?! $),-! :.2,)1&'.2!

.,,+/,)%/!,%!,-+!:%,+/,).''3!-)8-+2!:2)1+!'+<+'!5%2!82++/!:2%(&1,0?!$-)1-!1%/0&=+20!0++=!$)'')/8!

,%!.11+:,6!A-)0!-.::+/0!+<+/!=%2+!)/!:2+0+/1+!%5!.$.2+!./(!)/5%2=+(!1&0,%=+20?!.G%&,!,+M,)'+!

)/(&0,23g0!)=:.1,0!./(!+1%B'.G+'06!!

A-+!2+0&',0!%5!,-)0!./.'30)0!=.3!G+!2+'+<./,!5%2!5.0-)%/!1%=:./)+0?!)/!%2(+2!,%!&/(+20,./(!,-+!

)=:%2,./1+!%5!1%/0&=+2!+(&1.,)%/?!$-)1-!=.3!G+!(%/+!&0)/8!0%1).'!=+().!./(!%/')/+!1-.//+'0?!

./(! 1+2,)5)+(! +1%B'.G+'0! :2%=%,)%/6! 4+%:'+! /++(! ,%! &/(+20,./(! '.G+'0g! 2%'+! ./(! =+./)/8! ,%!

(+5+.,! .! 8+/+2.'! ,+/(+/13! %5! 0*+:,)1)0=?! (2)<+/! G3! 82++/$.0-)/8g0! +=+28+/1+6! #/! 5.1,?!

1%=:./)+0!=&0,!1%==&/)1.,+!,2./0:.2+/,'3!,-+)2!1%/12+,+!.1,)%/0!)/!5.<%2!%5!0&0,.)/.G)'),3?!)/!

%2(+2!,%!G&)'(!,2&0,!./(!'%3.',3!.=%/8!1%/0&=+206!!

>%2+%<+2?! G3! ,.*)/8! )/,%! 1%/0)(+2.,)%/! ,-)0! ./.'30)0?! 1%=:./)+0! =.3! G+! +/1%&2.8+(! ,%!

)/,+82.,+! 0&0,.)/.G)'),3! )/,%! ,-+)2! G&0)/+00?! 1%/0)(+2)/8! ,-+! :%0),)<+! +55+1,! %5! +1%B'.G+'0! %/!

1%/0&=+20g!$)'')/8/+00!,%!:.3!.!:2)1+!:2+=)&=!5%2!0&0,.)/.G)'),36!!

PR!

O&2,-+2!2+0+.21-!%/!,-)0!,%:)1!=.3!1%/0)(+2!,-+!+55+1,!%5!)/1%=+?!.0!$+''!.0!.((2+00)/8!.!'.28+2!

./(!=%2+!2./(%=)[+(!0.=:'+!%5!)/()<)(&.'0?!/%,!')=),+(!,%!#,.')./!0:+.*+206!!

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I)21&'.2! +1%/%=3L! (+5)/),)%/?! )=:%2,./1+! ./(! G+/+5),06! e"H""f6! J&2%:+./! 4.2').=+/,6!

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Sustainability in the Fashion Industry PDF Free Download

Sustainability in the Fashion Industry PDF free Download. Think more deeply and widely.

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