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A Study on the Characteristics of Business Performance in Fashion Company Focused on Financial Ratio Analysis PDF Free Download

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Print ISSN 1229-6880
Journal of the Korean Society of Costume Online ISSN 2287-7827
Vol. 67, No. 7 (November 2017) pp. 103-117 https://doi.org/10.7233/jksc.2017.67.7.103
분석 중심 션기 성과
A Study on the Characteristics of Business Performance in
Fashion Company Focused on Financial Ratio Analysis
Hye Kyung Ji
Associate Professor, School of Global Fashion Industry, Hansung University
(received date: 2017. 8. 8, revised date: 2017. 9. 29, accepted date: 2017. 10. 12)
ABSTRACT 1)
The objective of this study is to investigate the financial performance of fashion companies,
and the effects of liquidity, stability, and activity on profitability, during the fashion industry‘s
current recession. To do so, the financial data from income statements and balance sheets that
was disclosed by 157 fashion companies from 2012-2016, was analyzed. The results are as follows.
First, the growth and profitability of fashion companies showed a downward trajectory in recent
years (2012-2015). The growth rate of sales, which indicates the growth of the company, was only
2.38% in 2014 and 2.34% in 2015, lower than even the economic growth rate. In terms of prof-
itability, the ratio of operating income to sales was 3.94%, and the ratio of net profit to sales was
3.01%, lower than that of the average manufacturing industry. Second, there were significant dif-
ferences in liquidity, stability, and activity by company size, but there were not significant differ -
ences in the growth and profitability. Large companies indicated higher liquidity than medium
and small companies, but medium and small companies indicated higher stability and activity
than large companies. Third, liquidity had a significant influence on the profitability of fashion
companies, but stability and activity did not. Liquidity and stability had a significant influence on
the ratio of operating income to sales, while liquidity and activity had a significant on the ratio
of net profit to sales. This study is meaningful in that it uses financial data to analyze the busi-
ness performance of fashion companies, an area that has been neglected by previous studies. And
this study should assist fashion companies who are seeking to efficiently run their business, and
in the improvement of their financial structure.
Key words: management performance(
), financial ratio analysis(
),
fashion company(
)
연구 한성대학교 교내학술연구비 지원과제임
.
Corresponding author: Hye Kyung Ji, e-mail: hkjee@hansung.ac.kr
67 7

- 104 -
.
. ,
.
2016 55
, 2015 2016
2.8%
0.59%
19
3
(Sales growth, 2017).
2015 41 4,800 , 2016 43 1,807
2017 2016 4.2% 44
9,747 (45 trillion
won, 2017).
,
.
, , ,
(Yoon, 2016).
, , , ,
, ,
(Park, 1996; Yoon,
2016).
.
. ,
(Chung, Ahn, & Ji, 2016).
, (20122016)
, ,
.
(Kim, Ha, Lee, & Sohn,
2005),
(Yoon, 2016).
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.
.
.
.
1.
,
,
,
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- 105 -
.
(Chung et al., 2016).
, , ,
,
(
T
he
B
ank o
f
Korea. 2016).
,
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
(Chung et
al., 2016; Yu, 2008).
,
,
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(Jung, Lee, & Choi,
2008; Yang & Chang, 2011)
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2016).
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(Cho, 2015; Chung et al., 2016;
T
he
B
ank
o
f
Korea. 2016).
2.
.
,
.
O
ster
y
oung, Constan
d
, &
N
ast(1992)
1988
, ,
67 7
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- 106 -
29
.
( ), (
,
,
), (
)
,
, , .
Kim(1998) 19951996 20
(
), (
,
),
(
)
.
(
)
(
,
), (
)
. Kim(2017)
20112014 72
, ,
.
(
M
ans
f
iel
d
, 1962; Samuels,
1965) (Lee, 2002;
Park, Shin, & Kim, 2010; Sung, 2003)
.
20122014
Yoon &
Kim(2016)
. Cho
(2015) 2009
~
2014 ( ,
1
,
) 1,012
198
( ,
), ( ,
), ( )
.
,
(Chung, 1998; Ku, 1986; Yoon, 2016)
.
, Kim(2010)
20022009 100
(
-
) ,
(
+
)
. Lee &
R
hee(2015) 20092013 251
, (
+
)
, (
-
)
.
, ,
, ,
.
Choi, Lee, Lee, Lee & Choi(2013),
M
oon
& Park(2004),
R
hee &
R
him(2003)
Kim
et al.(2005), Yang & Chang(2011)
.
Jung et al.(2008), Kim et
al.(2005), Lee & Choi(2013), Yang &
Chang(2011)
.
Kim et
al.(2005), Lee & Choi(2013), Lee,
R
hee &
Choi(2004)
, Yang & Chang(2011), Lee & Choi(2013)
.
, ,
,
.

- 107 -
.
1.
(20122016)
(, )
(
, , , )
.
.
1. (
, )
.
2.
(, , ,
, )
.
3.
(, , )
.
2.
, , ,
,
(Chung et al., 2016;
T
he
B
ank o
f
Korea, 2016; Yu, 2008) .
1) (Growth)
(1) (
G
rowth rate o
f
total assets)
:
,
( (
-
)
/
×
100).
(2) (
G
rowth rate o
f c
urrent
assets)
:
,
((
-
)
/
×
100).
(3) (
G
rowth rate o
f
sto
c
khol
-
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
)
:
,
((
-
)
/
×
100).
(4) (
G
rowth rate o
f
sales)
:
,
((
-
)
/
×
100).
2) (Profitability)
(1) (
N
et in
c
ome to total as
-
sets)
:
,
(
/
×
100).
(2) (
N
et in
c
ome to sto
c
k
-
hol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
)
:
,
(
/
×
100).
(3) (
Op
erating in
c
ome to sales)
:
,
(
/
×
100).
(4) (
N
et
p
ro
f
it to sales)
:
,
(
/
×
100).
3) (Liquidity)
(1) (Sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
to total
assets)
:
67 7

- 108 -
,
. 50%
(
/
×
100).
(2)
(
Q
ui
c
k ratio)
:
,
1
,
1
.
100%
.(
/
×
100).
(3) (Current ratio)
:
,
( 1)
.
200%
(
/
×
100).
4) (Stability)
(1)
(
D
e
b
t ratio)
:
,
.
, 100%
(
/
×
100).
(2)
(Current lia
b
ilities ratio)
:
,
. 100%
(
/
×
100).
(3)
(
N
on
-c
urrent lia
b
ilities ra
-
tio)
:
,
1
.
,
(
/
×
100).
5) (Activity)
(1)
(
T
otal assets turno
v
er)
:
1
몇번회
,
. 1
,
1.5
(
/
).
(2)
(Current assets turno
v
er)
:
(1)
,
(
/
).
(3)
(
N
on
-c
urrent assets turn
-
o
v
er)
:
,
(
/
).
(4)
(
I
n
v
entories turno
v
er)
:
,
(
/
)
(5)
(Ca
p
ital sto
c
k turno
v
er)
:
,
(
/
).
3.
F
inan
c
ial Su
p
er
v
isor
y
Ser
v
i
c
e (htt
p://d
art.
f
ss.or.
kr) 20122016
. (,
, , , )

- 109 -
5
.
(, )
(
T
he
B
ank o
f
Korea, 2016)
2015
,
20122015
4
.
((KS
I
C)
,
,
,
117(74.5%),
40(25.5%), 157
. 157
20122016
<T
a
b
le
1
>
,
SPSS
f
or
win
d
ows 20.0
, ,
D
un
c
an
'
s test, ,
.
.
1.
(20122015)
<T
a
b
le 2
>
. ,
6.34%, 7.23%,
8.42%, 4.14%
4.45%, 3.67%,
7.47%, 0.04%
.
,
.
2012 2.3%, 2013, 2.9% 2014 3.3%
2015 2.8%(
T
he
B
ank o
f
Korea, htt
p://
e
c
os.
b
ok.or.kr)
.
,
2014 2015 2.38%, 2.34%
.
,
3.40%, 8.63%,
3.94%, 3.01%
3.87%,
7.57%, 3.9%,
3.73%
(
).
,
.
Sales (Korean
W
on)
n
%
U
n
d
er 10
b
illion
8
5.1
10less than 50
b
illion
62
39.5
50less than 100
b
illion
37
23.5
100less than 200
b
illion
33
21.0
200less than 500
b
illion
10
6.4
Ov
er 500
b
illion
7
4.5
T
otal
157
100.0
<Table 1> Sales of Subjected Fashion Companies
67 7

- 110 -
.
2.
,
20122016
, 500
, 5001,500
, 1500
.
1,500
, 1,500
<T
a
b
le 3
>
.
B
usiness
out
c
ome
in
d
i
c
ator
D
etail
Classi
f
i
c
ation
2012
2014
M
ean
G
rowth
G
rowth rate o
f
total assets
F
ashion
c
om.
8.17
4.92
6.34
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
*
4.62
3.96
4.45
G
rowth rate o
f c
urrent
assets
F
ashion
c
om.
8.98
5.06
7.23
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
2.70
3.44
3.67
G
rowth rate o
f
sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
F
ashion
c
om.
13.46
8.99
8.42
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
9.09
6.23
7.47
G
rowth rate o
f
sales
F
ashion
c
om.
4.62
2.38
4.14
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
4.21
-
1.59
0.04
Pro
f
it
-
ta
b
ilit
y
N
et in
c
ome to total assets
F
ashion
c
om.
5.35
3.37
3.40
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
4.68
3.33
3.87
N
et in
c
ome to
sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
F
ashion
c
om.
12.27
5.52
8.63
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
9.61
6.37
7.57
Op
erating in
c
ome to sales
F
ashion
c
om.
4.02
4.41
3.94
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
5.13
4.21
4.91
N
et
p
ro
f
it to sales
F
ashion
c
om.
3.83
3.63
3.01
M
anu
f
a
c
turer
4.15
3.30
3.73
(
*
sour
c
e
f
rom
T
he
B
ank o
f
Korea, 2016)
<Table 2> Financial Ratios of Growth and Profitability in Fashion Companies
(%)
Classi
f
i
c
ation
Sales
(Korean
W
on)
Small
f
irms
M
e
d
ium
f
irms
Large
f
irms
F-v
alue
U
n
d
er 50
b
illion
(n
=
70)
50less than 100
b
illion
(n
=
58)
Ov
er 150
b
illion
(n
=
29)
A
v
erage sales
26,980,002,681
c
90,919,745,323
b
350,767,647,081a
84.460
***
***
p
<
.001,
D
un
c
an
'
s multi
p
le range test
:
a
>b>c
<Table 3> Classification of Company Size by Sales (2012-2016)
(n
=
157)

- 111 -
.
<T
a
b
le 4
>
,
,
.
,
3.43%, 3.96%
2.94% ,
5.15%, 4.37%
3.43%, 2.81%
3.13%, 1.79%
.
Kim(2010),
Lee(2002), Park et al.(2010), Sung(2003)
Yoon & Kim(2016) .
, ,
,
.
B
usiness
out
c
ome
in
d
i
c
ator
D
etail
Small
f
irms
M
e
d
ium
f
irms
Large
f
irms
T
otal
F-v
alue
G
rowth
(%)
G
rowth rate o
f
total assets
4.00
6.56
6.17
5.58
0.966
G
rowth rate o
f c
urrent assets
6.13
6.19
6.45
6.26
0.003
G
rowth rate o
f
sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
8.62
7.67
6.71
7.67
0.059
G
rowth rate o
f
sales
3.43
3.96
2.94
3.44
0.051
Pro
f
it
-
a
b
ilit
y
(%)
N
et in
c
ome to total assets
2.47
2.94
5.42
3.61
1.607
N
et in
c
ome to
sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
8.20
6.21
7.65
7.35
0.167
Op
erating in
c
ome to sales
3.43
3.13
5.15
3.90
1.831
N
et
p
ro
f
it to sales
2.81
1.79
4.37
2.99
0.921
Li
q
ui
d
it
y
(%)
Sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
to total
assets
39.85
b
44.52
b
61.17a
48.51
7.106
***
Q
ui
c
k ratio
104.28
b
94.05
b
165.87a
121.40
3.113
*
Current ratio
206.87a
b
181.63
b
275.58a
221.36
2.729
*
Sta
b
ilit
y
(%)
D
e
b
t ratio
151.64a
b
229.89a
93.12
b
158.22
4.436
*
Current lia
b
ilities ratio
128.16a
b
179.87a
75.85
b
127.96
3.051
*
N
on
-c
urrent lia
b
ilities ratio
21.79
38.19
17.28
25.73
1.869
A
c
ti
v
it
y
(Count)
T
otal assets turno
v
er
1.17
1.34
1.15
1.22
2.677
N
on
-c
urrent assets turno
v
er
6.82a
5.40a
b
4.17
b
5.46
2.779
*
Current assets turno
v
er
1.95
2.19
2.04
2.06
0.785
I
n
v
entories turno
v
er
5.27
4.88
5.88
5.34
0.227
Ca
p
ital sto
c
k turno
v
er
61.57
83.10
61.75
68.81
0.803
*
p
<
.05,
***
p
<
.001,
D
un
c
an
'
s multi
p
le range test
:
a
>b
<Table 4> Differences in Management Performance by Firm Size (20122016)
67 7

- 112 -
61.17% 50%
44.52%, 39.85%
.
100%
200%
. 500
1,500
94.05%,
181.63%
3
.
,
.
93.12%, 75.85%
100%
.
100%
.
,
.
,
.
,
6.82
, 5.40
, 4.17
.
,
,
.
1
,
1.5
.
, ,
Kim(1998)
.
3.
,
,
, ,
.
. ,
<T
a
b
le
5
>
11
, , ,
.
4
71.65%
Cron
b
a
c
h
0.6
(Lee, 2004)
.
, , 3
.
<T
a
b
le 6
>
,
, ,
. ,
.
,
.
,

- 113 -
(Lee & Choi, 2013),
.
Lee &
R
hee(2015)
Choi et al.(2003), Lee
& Choi(2013),
M
oon & Park(2004)
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
(Lee, 2016),
, ,
.
.
(
T
he
B
ank o
f
Korea, 2016).
,
<T
a
b
le 6
>
. (
), (
,
)
,
,
.
(
F
a
c
tor
I
tem
F
a
c
tor
loa
d
ing
E
igen
v
alue
V
arian
c
e
e
xp
laine
d
%
(Cumulati
v
e
v
arian
c
e %)
Chron
b
a
c
h
'
s
α
Pro
f
it
-
a
b
ilit
y
N
et in
c
ome to total assets
N
et
p
ro
f
it to sales
Op
erating in
c
ome to sales
N
et in
c
ome to sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
0.885
0.807
0.788
0.618
2.563
19.72
0.660
Li
q
ui
d
it
y
Q
ui
c
k ratio
Current ratio
Sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
to total assets
0.947
0.946
0.667
2.525
19.42
(39.14)
0.773
Sta
b
ilit
y
D
e
b
t ratio
Current lia
b
ilities ratio
N
on
-c
urrent lia
b
ilities ratio
0.946
0.832
0.800
2.412
18.55
(57.69)
0.786
A
c
ti
v
it
y
T
otal assets turno
v
er
Current assets turno
v
er
I
n
v
entories turno
v
er
0.786
0.748
0.649
1.815
13.96
(71.65)
0.620
<Table 5> The Result of Factor Analysis of Financial Ratios in Fashion Companies
67 7

- 114 -
)
, 1
(
)
,
(
)
.
( ,
, ),
(
) ,
,
,
,
.
( )
, 1
(
)
(
)
,
, 1
(
) 1
()
.
(
-
)
D
e
p
en
d
ent
v
aria
b
le
I
n
d
e
p
en
d
ent
v
aria
b
le
β
t
-v
alue
F
-v
alue
R
2
Pro
f
ita
b
ilit
y
Li
q
ui
d
it
y
.167
1.979
*
1.950
.038
Sta
b
ilit
y
.017
.205
A
c
ti
v
it
y
.098
1.207
Pro
f
ita
b
ilit
y
Li
q
ui
d
it
y
Sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
to total assets
.282
2.887
**
4.532
**
.082
Q
ui
c
k ratio
.260
1.289
Current ratio
-
.263
-
1.251
Pro
f
it
-
a
b
ilit
y
Op
erating
in
c
ome
to sales
Sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
to total assets
.299
2.959
**
3.334
***
.173
Q
ui
c
k ratio
.347
1.320
Current ratio
-
.307
-
1.128
D
e
b
t ratio
-
.551
-
2.660
**
Current lia
b
ilities ratio
.425
2.749
**
N
on
-c
urrent lia
b
ilities ratio
.233
1.871
T
otal assets turno
v
er
.017
.184
Current assets turno
v
er
-
.084
-
.877
I
n
v
entories turno
v
er
-
.075
-
.803
N
et
p
ro
f
it
to sales
Sto
c
khol
d
ers
e
q
uit
y
to total assets
.372
3.817
***
4.782
***
.231
Q
ui
c
k ratio
.549
2.164
*
Current ratio
-
.565
-
2.157
*
D
e
b
t ratio
-
.286
-
1.430
Current lia
b
ilities ratio
.274
1.841
N
on
-c
urrent lia
b
ilities ratio
.112
.931
T
otal assets turno
v
er
-
.223
-
1.255
Current assets turno
v
er
.270
2.929
**
I
n
v
entories turno
v
er
-
.217
-
1.199
*
p
<
.05,
**
p
<
.01,
***
p
<
.001
<Table 6> The Result of Regression Analysis for Liquidity, Stability, and Activity on Profitability

- 115 -
(Lee,
R
hee, & Choi, 2004)
.
.
. 2012
2016 157
, , ,
, ,
.
,
6.34%,
7.23%, 8.42%, 4.14%
.
2014
2015 2.38%, 2.34%
.
(
)
3.40%, 8.63%,
3.94%, 3.01%
.
,
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
(Ahn, Hwang, & Jung , 2005)
.
2017
(
F
ashion
b
usiness,
2017).
.
.
67 7

- 116 -
(
+
)
.
1,500
,
. 500 1500
.
1.5
, 2
.
.
.
.
.
.
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. K. (2013). Anal
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