
US
Consumer front-loading attered Q1 consumption,
but higher taris and slowing income growth will
weigh heavily from Q2, with real sales expected to
slow sharply
Labour market remains resilient for now;
unemployment steady and wage growth cooling.
However, policy uncertainty raises risks
Surveys signal growing pessimism, with rms cutting
capex and consumers expecting higher ination —
the worst sentiment in 35 years
Firms plan to pass tari-driven cost increases to
consumers. Soft data has deteriorated rapidly, but
limited tightening of nancial conditions will delay
rate cuts.
Macroeconomic Outlook
The global picture is shifting as tariff-related distortions fade. In the US, frontloaded spending flattered Q1 data, but
rising prices and slower income growth should weigh on Q2. Labour remains resilient, yet sentiment and capex are
falling as firms pass costs to consumers. Europe’s rebound risks stalling amid tariff headwinds. Meanwhile, China’s
momentum reversed sharply, though redirected trade and monetary easing may soften the blow. Central banks are
likely to remain cautious.
Europe
Euro area manufacturing data remain solid, but soft
data — consumer condence and unemployment
expectations — highlight growing tari-related
headwinds
Q1 GDP rose 1% annualized, but sentiment has
deteriorated, suggesting the rebound is unsustainable
US tari shock likely to delay Europe’s cyclical rebound,
with growth momentum set to weaken through Q2
and Q3
Fiscal support and disination, aided by redirected
Chinese exports, should help recovery into 2026.
Markets expect the ECB to deliver three more rate cuts.
China
China’s April PMIs fell sharply, with new export orders
down, though freight volumes from major ports remain
resilient as exporters redirect shipments
Sentiment turned sharply on US tari hikes, but
exibility in implementation and a 90-day pause may
delay and soften the drag
Export-driven momentum faded after Q1’s AI and front-
loading boost, pointing to slower growth ahead
Fiscal support may be constrained, leaving monetary
easing — including PBOC rate and RRR cuts —
as the preferred tool to stabilise growth.
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May 2025
Head of Fixed Income
Edwin Chan