Physico-chemical supporting elements: a review of national standards to support good ecological status PDF Free Download
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Physico-chemical supporting elements
a review of national standards to support good ecological
status
Draft (25 September 2019)
Martyn Kelly, Geoff Phillips, Heliana Teixeria, Fuensanta Salas -Herrero, Anne Lyche
Solheim and Sandra Poikane
Summary and recommendations
The task group on supporting physico-chemical elements have reviewed information reported
by Member States to WISE on the standards for general physico‐chemical quality elements
including nutrients. A wide range of supporting physico-chemical elements are used by
Member States and this report focusses on those that are ecologically most relevant and which
are used by enough Member States to make realistic comparisons. These are:
Rivers: BOD, dissolved oxygen, pH, total phosphorus, orthophosphate-P, total nitrogen, nitrate-
N and ammonium-N;
Lakes: Transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, total phosphorus, total nitrogen;
Transitional and Coastal Waters: Transparency, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus,
orthophoshpate-P, total nitrogen, nitrate-N, total(dissolved) inorganic nitrogen.
Systematic variation between both types and countries is apparent for several of these,
although comparisons are complicated by differences in the ways that data have been
reported.
ECOSTAT members are asked to:
Check entries for their own country and inform JRC of any errors / changes to national
standards for these supporting elements. (further details are shown in the appendices).
Consider whether further effort to validate the standards will be a useful exercise from
their national perspectives and advise on proposed workplan (4.1).
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Contents
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Objectives. ........................................................................................................................ 5
1.2 Approach .......................................................................................................................... 6
2 Overview of reported physico-chemical quality elements and metrics ............................... 10
2.1 Which physico-chemical quality elements are used? .................................................... 10
2.2 Metrics used for most commonly used quality elements ............................................. 13
2.3 Challenges encountered whilst collating and comparing data ...................................... 14
3 Boundary values for supporting elements within and between common types ................. 17
3.1 Oxygen (all water categories) ........................................................................................ 17
3.2 Transparency (lakes and transitional waters) ................................................................ 37
3.3 pH (lakes and rivers) ....................................................................................................... 44
3.4 BOD ................................................................................................................................. 50
3.5 Ammonium-N ................................................................................................................. 52
3.6 Nutrients......................................................................................................................... 54
4 Discussion.............................................................................................................................. 91
4.1 Are these values compatible with good ecological status for relevant BQEs? .............. 91
4.2 Have nutrient standards changed since the previous cycle? ......................................... 91
4.3 How do these supporting elements influence classifications? ...................................... 92
5 References ............................................................................................................................ 93
Annex ............................................................................................................................................ 94
A1 Oxygen ............................................................................................................................... 95
A1.1 Oxygen (lakes)................................................................................................................... 95
A1.1.1 Dissolved oxygen concentration (lakes) ........................................................................ 95
A1.1.2 Percent oxygen saturation (lakes) ................................................................................. 97
A1.2 Oxygen (rivers) .................................................................................................................. 99
A1.2.1. Dissolved oxygen concentration (rivers) ...................................................................... 99
A1.2.2 Oxygen saturation (rivers) ........................................................................................... 102
A1.3 Oxygen (transitional waters) .......................................................................................... 104
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A1.3.1 Oxygen concentration (transitional waters) ............................................................... 104
A1.3.2 Oxygen saturation (transitional waters) ...................................................................... 106
A1.4 Oxygen (coastal waters) ................................................................................................. 108
A1.4.1 Oxygen concentration (coastal waters) ....................................................................... 108
A1.4.2 Oxygen saturation (coastal waters) ............................................................................. 110
A2 Transparency .................................................................................................................... 112
A2.1 Seechi depth (lakes) ........................................................................................................ 112
A2.2 Secchi depth (transitional waters) .................................................................................. 115
A2.3 Secchi depth (coastal waters) ......................................................................................... 117
A3 pH ..................................................................................................................................... 120
A3.1 pH (lakes) ........................................................................................................................ 120
A3.2 pH (rivers) ....................................................................................................................... 123
A4 BOD .................................................................................................................................. 126
A4.1 BOD (rivers) ..................................................................................................................... 126
A5 Ammonium-N ................................................................................................................... 129
A5.1 Ammonium-N (rivers) ..................................................................................................... 129
A6 Nutrients .......................................................................................................................... 132
A6.1 Nitrate (rivers) ................................................................................................................ 132
A6.2 Nitrate (transitional water) ............................................................................................ 135
A6.3 Nitrate (coastal water) .................................................................................................... 137
A6.4 Total nitrogen (lakes) ...................................................................................................... 139
A6.5 Total nitrogen (rivers) ..................................................................................................... 141
A6.6 Total nitrogen (transitional waters) ............................................................................... 144
A6.7 Total nitrogen (coastal waters)....................................................................................... 146
A6.8 Total/dissolved inorganic nitrogen (transitional waters) ............................................... 148
A6.9 Total/dissolved inorganic nitrogen (coastal waters) ...................................................... 150
A6.10 Orthophosphate-P (rivers) ............................................................................................ 150
A6.11 Orthophosphate-P (transitional waters) ...................................................................... 153
A6.12 Orthophosphate-P (coastal waters) ............................................................................. 155
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A6.13 Total phosphorus (lakes) .............................................................................................. 157
A6.14 Total phosphorus (rivers) ............................................................................................. 160
A6.15 Total phosphorus (transitional waters) ........................................................................ 164
A6.16 Total phosphorus (coastal waters) ............................................................................... 166
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1 Introduction
1.1 Objectives.
If countries are to achieve good ecological status for all water bodies, then it is necessary to set
thresholds for pressures that are consistent with this ambition. ECOSTAT recognized that
nutrients were a key pressure across all water body types, noting that there was considerable
variation in threshold concentrations between countries but also between water body types
within countries. It was also acknowledged that considerable uncertainty remained in
estimates of threshold concentrations that needed to be considered when applying these
thresholds to river basin management. The outcome of this work was the JRC Science for
Policy report “Best practice in setting nutrient concentrations to support good ecological
status” (Phillips et al., 2019) and a statistical toolkit to help countries review and revise their
nutrient thresholds.
However, nutrients are not the only supporting physico-chemical quality elements (hereafter
“supporting elements”) likely to impede achievement of good ecological status and ECOSTAT’s
work programme has now been extended to other water quality variables. The key question
addressed in this report is to what extend standards reported by countries really support good
ecological status. This, in turn, will generate further discussion on the use and relevance of
supporting elements in the classification of ecological status, as well as on the use of these
standards as a basis for deriving management targets to improve water quality and ecological
status. As for the work on nutrients, the purpose of this work is not to impose a uniform
approach on countries but, rather, to support them in the difficult task of achieving good
ecological status across Europe’s many and diverse water bodies. In brief, if a supporting
element standard is not compatible with good status, then a large amount of effort and
investment may be wasted with little benefit to ecosystems. If, on the other hand, there are
cases where supporting elements other than nutrients are inhibiting the achievement of good
status then setting appropriate thresholds should contribute to the long-term sustainability of
Europe’s water resources.
Standards for a large number of supporting elements are reported to WISE; however, this
report focusses only on those that are widely used and where there is good evidence of direct
or indirect relationships with BQEs and ecosystem services. Where there is a direct
relationship with a BQE, then it may be possible to adapt approaches advocated in the
statistical toolkit to review or revise existing standards. In some cases (e.g. oxygen conditions),
there may be an indirect (and therefore weaker) relationship with the BQE, yet this indicates
important secondary effects and may also increase in significance as global warming raises
6
water temperatures. These and other supporting elements, such as transparency, may
complement information on nutrients and thereby contribute to the decision-making process.
It is also possible that standards currently in force around Europe are not tailored to the needs
of the WFD but, rather, are historic standards set to fulfil requirements of earlier directives. In
particular, we note that many countries use a standard of 6 mg L-1 dissolved oxygen, which is a
value specified in the Freshwater Fish Directive (78/659/EEC) for salmonid waters. A similar
situation occurs for nitrates in freshwaters, where many countries use values derived from the
Nitrates Directive (91/676/EEC). In such cases there is a need to revisit these standards with
the particular requirements of the WFD in mind to ensure that they are also compatible with
good ecological status.
1.2 Approach
The source data for this work were provided by Peter Kristensen (EEA) and were those used to
produce a summary report (ETC ICM, 2019), which was presented to ECOSTAT in spring 2019.
The data consisted of lists of physico-chemical quality element (PCQE) determinants with the
values used for different national types for each water category, together with information on
the units and summary metrics used. The data provided had been edited to harmonise the
different formats used during reporting. However, further editing was necessary to convert text
to numbers and enable a consistent approach to standardization of units, quality elements
names (see ETC/ITC, 2019) and national type codes.
1.2.1 Harmonisation of data
Standards are reported using a variety of units and to enable meaningful comparisons of
standards we have harmonized to standard units wherever possible. This was carried out in two
stages: initially a lookup table was used to make an initial conversion. For example, where a
Member State reported units of mg P / L we converted this to µg P / L using a factor of 1000.
The results of these conversions were checked visually for each different physico-chemical
quality element using box plots arranged by country and this revealed further clear errors in the
original reporting. Where these errors were obvious (e.g. a P standard of 20 mg/L is likely to be
20 µg/L, regardless of the units initially reported) further corrections were made. However, it
was not always possible to make appropriate corrections and where this is the case, data have
been omitted but noted in a section on issues. Some results were reported as ranges;
interpretation of these is discussed below.
This editing was carried out using R to provide an audit trail and avoid modifying the original
source data. Full details of the initial generic editing are available in an R notebook
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(JoinDataV4.Rmd) and further corrections in specific R scripts dealing with each PCQE/Water
Category.
We have, in a few instances, removed data points that are so far out of line with the majority of
the data that they influence the scale of the y axis and, thereby, the clarity of the graph. These
are documented in sections of the annex dealing with each supporting element and need to be
checked by national experts.
1.2.2 Linking freshwater data to broad types
The data provided had already been matched to intercalibration type codes, but for
freshwaters records were additionally matched to broad types (Lyche Solheim et al., 2019)
using a lookup table. In some cases, broad types matched national types that did not match
any of the intercalibration types. As not all national type codes are unique to water categories
it was necessary to select records that applied to lakes or rivers separately prior to linking with
the broad type, using fields that identified whether the PCQE value applied to each of these
water categories.
In some cases, national type codes could not be matched to those in the broad type lookup
tables as the code was missing. These are summarised in Table 1.1. In most cases these were
due to the record being marked as applying to both river and lake categories which we assume
was an error. In addition, many national type codes that could not be allocated to a broad type
are shown in the plots in chapter 3 as “LW-00” or “RW-00” depending on whether they
represent lakes or rivers. These are also summarised in Table 1.
8
Table 1.1. Number of national freshwater types that could not be matched to a broad type (e.g.
a standard marked as applying to lakes, but having a river type code) and number of national
freshwater types not assigned to a broad type (i.e. national type code did not link to any existing
broad type). * mainly very small lakes which are not recognized as separate water bodies, and
which are treated as part of a larger river water body
Country
lakes
rivers
Not matched
Not assigned
Not matched
Not assigned
AT
9
6
4
28
BE
4
14
BG
35
4
16
4
CZ
7
DE
5
2
EE
7
2
5
ES
6
26
11
104
FI
8
11
FR
3
1
HR
1
HU
1
LV
1
NL
13
MT
1
1
NO*
33
PT
1
1
RO
66
3
18
7
SI
1
2
SK
1
UK
7
8
18
9
1.2.3 Coastal and transitional waters
In the case of coastal and transitional waters (CTW), a previous study (ETC/ICM, 2015b)
demonstrated that aggregation of CTW national types into broad types is not possible, and
aggregation is at Intercalibration common type level. Around 12% (CW) and 35% (TW) of the
data reported are from national types not included in any common type. Where feasible a
reference to the MSFD marine regions or subregions are compared, in particular for national
types within a given region, not linked to any WFD common IC type.
1.2.4 Values applied to “All” water types
Many standards were not linked to a specific national type, instead the entry for type was
recorded as “All”. These records were assumed to apply to all national types for that River Basin
District (RBD). An “ALL” grouping category has been included, which can be used to assess
which countries reported this approach and how the range of values compared to those in the
identified type groups.
For coastal and transitional waters, we attempted to match these “all” standards with the
corresponding common IC type. Where a correspondence to a common IC type was not
possible or not applicable the results are reported as “inapplicable” to common IC types.
1.2.5 Summarising data for presentation
Boundary values were not always the same for each national type; some countries reported
different values for the same PCQE for different RBDs. As the number of national types also
varied between countries, we show separate boundary values for all national types that fall
within the type group. Similarly, where we present graphs showing the range of values within a
broad type, we present separate values for each national type that correspond to that broad
type. Red and blue dots are used when a standard has upper and lower thresholds rather than
a single value.
10
2 Overview of reported physico-chemical quality elements and metrics
2.1 Which physico-chemical quality elements are used?
The other supporting elements used by the different countries for the different water
categories are given in Table 2.1 and Figures 2.1 and 2.2, based on data reported by countries
to WISE with the 2nd RBMPs.
The principle used to select the most commonly used supporting elements for further analyses
in this report are those that are used by at least seven countries and which are also most
ecologically relevant. Based on these principles the supporting elements included in this report
are:
Rivers: BOD, O2, pH, TP, PO4-P, TN, NO3-N, NH4-N;
Lakes: Transparency, O2, pH, TP, TN;
Transitional and Coastal Waters: Transparency, O2, TP, PO4-P, TN, NO3-N, TIN (DIN)
Table 2.1. General physico-chemical quality elements reported to WISE, summarised by number
of countries per water category. Quality elements selected for further analysis are highlighted in
blue. Data includes all EU MSs and Norway, except EL and LT, as their data are still not available
in WISE.
QE code QE name Rivers Lakes
Coastal
waters
Transitional
waters
Parameter specifications
QE3-1-1-1 Secchi disk depth 3 15 10 8
QE3-1-1-2 Other determinand for transparency ( EEA_3112-01-4 Turbidity) 0 0 3 1 Turbidity
QE3-1-2-1 Water temperature (Celsius) 12 6 7 5
QE3-1-3-1 Oxygen saturation (%) 10 911 8
QE3-1-3-2 Dissolved oxygen (mg/l) 15 10 11 8
QE3-1-3-3 Other determinand for oxygenation conditions (EEA_3133-01-5 BOD5) 16 3 3 3 BOD, COD, TOC, etc.
QE3-1-4-1 Practical salinity units 1 2 5 4
QE3-1-4-2 Other determinand for salinity (CAS_16887-00-6 Chloride) 8 2 0 0 Conductivity, chloride
QE3-1-5-1 Acid neutralising capacity 7 4 0 0
QE3-1-5-2 pH 21 15 6 4
QE3-1-5-3 Other determinand for acidification status 5 3 0 0 ANC, alkalinity, inorganic Aluminum
QE3-1-6-1-1 Nitrate 18 811 7
QE3-1-6-1-2 Nitrite 10 3 6 3
QE3-1-6-1-3 Non-ionised Ammonia 4 1 2 1
QE3-1-6-1-4 Ammonium 18 10 8 5
QE3-1-6-1-5 Total Nitrogen 14 13 7 5
QE3-1-6-4 QE3-1-6-4 EEA_3161-05-5 Total inorganic nitrogen 1 1 9 8
TIN, DIN (Total or Dissolved
inorganic nitrogen)
QE3-1-6-2-1 Orthophosphate 16 513 11
QE3-1-6-2-2 Total Phosphorus 21 22 9 7
QE3-1-6-3 Silicate 1 0 2 1
QE3-1-6-4 Other determinand for nutrient conditions 9 3 9 8
Kjeldahl N, SRP, N/P, TOC, BOD,
Susp. solids, TRIX, LIMeco etc.
11
Figure 2.1. Good/Moderate boundaries reported by different countries for the different
supporting physico-chemical quality elements for rivers (left) and lakes (right).
12
Figure 2.2. GM boundaries reported by different countries for the different supporting physico-
chemical quality elements for transitional waters (left) and coastal waters (right).
13
There are a few supporting elements that are not used by any country. These are:
rivers: turbidity;
lakes: turbidity and silicate
transitional and coastal waters: chloride and ANC (acid neutralising capacity).
2.2 Metrics used for most commonly used quality elements
The most commonly used means of aggregating data are annual averages (AA-EQS), annual
maximum concentration (MAC-EQS) or various high or low percentiles (Table 2.2).
Table 2.2: Overview of parameters and metrics used. Numbers refer to the number of
standards that use a particular paramenter/metric combination. Bold characters indicate the
most commonly-used metric for each parameter. LW: lakes; RW: rivers; TW: transitional
waters; CW: coastal waters ; AA-EQS:standard is annual average; MAC-EQS: standard is
maximum recorded value.
Parameter
Metric
LW
RW
TW
CW
% oxygen saturation
10th percentile
2
% oxygen saturation
90th percentile
1
1
1
1
% oxygen saturation
95th percentile
1
2
2
2
% oxygen saturation
98th percentile
1
% oxygen saturation
AA-EQS
5
5
4
4
% oxygen saturation
autumn
1
% oxygen saturation
EQR
1
% oxygen saturation
Expert Judgement
1
1
% oxygen saturation
MAC-EQS
1
1
% oxygen saturation
Median
1
1
% oxygen saturation
Minimum
1
% oxygen saturation
Perc80/m x
1
1
% oxygen saturation
spring
1
% oxygen saturation
summer
1
% oxygen saturation
winter
1
BOD5
90th percentile
6
BOD5
95th percentile
1
BOD5
AA-EQS
8
BOD5
autumn
1
BOD5
MAC-EQS
1
BOD5
Median
2
BOD5
Perc80/m x
1
BOD5
spring
1
BOD5
summer
1
BOD5
winter
2
Dissolved oxygen
0-1,0 mg/L for < day per year
1
Dissolved oxygen
10th percentile
2
3
2
1
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Parameter
Metric
LW
RW
TW
CW
Dissolved oxygen
5th percentile
1
1
1
Dissolved oxygen
95th percentile
1
2
Dissolved oxygen
AA-EQS
6
8
5
4
Dissolved oxygen
autumn
1
1
1
Dissolved oxygen
EQR
1
Dissolved oxygen
MAC-EQS
1
Dissolved oxygen
Median
1
2
1
Dissolved oxygen
Minimum
1
1
Dissolved oxygen
Perc80/m x
1
1
Dissolved oxygen
spring
1
1
1
Dissolved oxygen
summer
2
2
1
Dissolved oxygen
winter
2
3
1
pH
10&90thper
1
pH
10th percentile
2
pH
90th percentile
1
3
pH
95th percentile
3
pH
AA-EQS
9
10
pH
EQR
1
1
pH
Expert Judgement
1
1
pH
Individual values
1
1
pH
MAC-EQS
4
4
pH
Median
1
pH
Min/Jahr - Max/Jahr
1
pH
Minimum
2
3
pH
Perc80/m x
1
1
pH
winter
1
1
Secchi disk depth
95th percentile
1
1
1
Secchi disk depth
AA-EQS
12
4
6
Secchi disk depth
EQR
1
Secchi disk depth
MAC-EQS
1
Secchi disk depth
Median
1
1
1
Secchi disk depth
summer
1
1
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2.3 Challenges encountered whilst collating and comparing data
We recognize that countries are free to adopt their own approaches to implement the WFD
and, as a result, this exercise has to work with the data that are supplied. Consistency in data
collection within a country allows historical comparisons which may reveal trends in water
quality and ecological status. However, this creates some challenges when attempting to
compare national approaches.
Two principal challenges were encountered whilst compiling this report, and readers need to be
aware of these as they interpret outcomes. The first is where different assessment concepts
were applied to the same supporting element and the second is ambiguity in data reporting.
The latter may, in some cases, reduce over time as national experts notice discrepancies in the
outputs reported for their country and we encourage everyone to communicate any changes
that are needed in order to improve these outputs in the future.
2.3.1 Different assessment concepts
A good example of differences in assessment concept is the use of either concentration of
dissolved oxygen or percent saturation as a measure. The two values are, in theory,
interchangeable if the temperature was recorded at the time that the measurement was made
but this is rarely possible with the high-level aggregations of data used in this exercise. Both
approaches are valid means of assessing the oxygenation state of water bodies but national
standards can only be compared with others that use the same parameter.
A similar issue was encountered in the use of ammonium-N and unionized ammonia. Although
most countries use ammonium-N, toxicity is exerted through the action of unionized ammonia
on cells and the equilibrium between ammonium and ammonia depends upon pH. In practice,
too few countries measure unionized ammonia for this to be the basis of EU-wide comparisons.
Finally, a range of statistical metrics are used, including annual averages, seasonal averages,
upper and lower percentiles (Table 2.2). There will be, in many cases, good reasons behind
these choices, and the differing levels of risk associated to particular measures may be reflected
in the decision-making process. However, there are also, we suspect, national conventions that
predate the WFD and which may benefit from being revisited.
2.3.2 Ambiguity with data reporting:
Many countries report ranges, which can mean different things:
- If reported for “All” types, the range can be for many national types (often spanning several
broad types). There may, indeed, be no reason to expect variation between types for some
supporting elements;
16
- If reported for one national type, the range can be site-specific limit values;
- If a single type occurs in many RBDs within a country, a range may show values reported
from different RBDs;
- Some supporting elements (e.g. pH) can have ‘two-tailed’ effects (e.g. both low and high
values can impede good ecological status) and ranges may indicate the lower and upper
thresholds. Ranges were also often reported for oxygen, where a low value may directly
influence ecological status whereas a high value indicates secondary effects.
17
3 Boundary values for supporting elements within and between
common types
This chapter presents a comparison of results for those quality elements (QEs) that are most
commonly used and most ecologically important (chapter 2.1). We summarise the results for
each, with further details given in the appendices.
3.1 Oxygen (all water categories)
Dissolved oxygen (DO) in waters are reported as either percentage saturation or as a
concentration, which complicates the comparison of standards as it is not possible to convert
between the two parameters without also having the temperature at the time of
measurement. We thus compare standards for each parameter separately. Dissolved oxygen
has “two tailed” effects, with low values indicating potential threats to fish and invertebrates,
while high values indicate excess oxygen production from plant or algal growth. For this
supporting element we therefore compare upper and lower standards separately, and interpret
good status to be at risk for values below the lower value and above the upper value, e.g. 80-
120% oxygen saturation.
3.1.1 Oxygen (lakes)
For lakes, similar numbers of countries report DO using concentration (10) and percentage (11).
3.1.1.1 Dissolved oxygen concentration (lakes)
There were 201 records from 8 countries (Figure 3.1). The majority of countries use the annual
mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric, but BE and UK report lower percentiles and PT use an
upper percentile. Most (7) countries (BE, BG, ES, PL, PT, RO, UK) use a single value for each
national type, but several (5) countries (BG, CY, ES, PL, PT) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 8 broad lake types (Figure 3.2 & Table 3.1). However, only 1 of
these (LW-03) were represented by data from more than 2 countries, which limits the value of
type specific comparisons, as differences may reflect country rather than type. In addition, 6
countries (BG, CY, ES, PL, PT, UK) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or
more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 1 mg/L (ES), an exceptionally low value, to 12.6 mg/L (BG), with an
interquartile range of 6 to 6.9.
18
The most frequently used standard was 6 mg/l, a value probably taken from the Freshwater
Fish directive. The mid altitude broad type LW-07 had higher values than other types, but this is
probably due to it being a 95th percentile.
More information in Annex A1.1.1 (p. 95)
Figure 3.1: Dissolved oxygen standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
19
Figure 3.2: Dissolved oxygen standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
while LW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
Table 3.1: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for Dissolved oxygen concentration.
CodeBT
broadType
Country
Type
Standards
All
6
1
4
LW-00
Not assigned
5
9
4
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
1
1
1
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
3
3
1
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
2
5
1
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
1
2
1
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
2
6
2
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
1
2
1
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
20
Table 3.1: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for Dissolved oxygen concentration.
CodeBT
broadType
Country
Type
Standards
All
6
1
4
LW-00
Not assigned
5
9
4
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
1
1
1
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
3
3
1
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
2
5
1
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
1
2
1
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
2
6
2
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
1
2
1
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
3.1.1.2 Percent oxygen saturation (lakes)
There were 476 records from 8 countries (Figure 3.3). The majority of countries use the annual
mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric, with CZ reporting minimum and maximum values.
The data could be linked to 5 broad lake types (Figure 3.4 & Table 3.2). However, none has
values from more than 2 countries, which limits the value of type specific comparisons, as
differences may reflect country rather than type. In addition, 3 countries (ES, IT, PT) apply the
same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 35% (NL) to 200% (CZ), an exceptionally high value reported as a
maximum acceptable concentration (MAC-EQS), with an interquartile range of 40% to 49.2%.
For % oxygen saturation most (5) countries (EE, ES, IT, NL, PT) present standards as a range,
with only (2) countries (CZ, SI) using a single value for each national type. There were no clear
differences between types, with each showing similar ranges of values. One country (NL)
reported a large number of standards, with the lower values covering the range of all other
countries.
More information in Annex 1.1.2 (p. 97)
21
Figure 3.3: % oxygen saturation standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
Figure 3.4: % oxygen saturation standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
22
while LW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
Table 3.2: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for % oxygen saturation
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
3
1
2
LW-00
Not assigned
3
17
5
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
1
1
1
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
1
3
2
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
1
1
2
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
1
2
1
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
2
2
2
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
3.1.2 Oxygen (rivers)
For rivers there are more countries reporting DO using concentration (14) than percentage (11)
3.1.2.1 Dissolved oxygen concentration (rivers)
There were 341 records from 14 countries (Figure 3.5). The majority use the annual mean (“AA-
EQS”) as a summary metric. 11 countries (BE, BG, CZ, ES, FR, LU, LV, PT, RO, SK, UK) use a single
value for each national type whilst 5 countries (BG, CY, ES, HU, PL) present standards as a
range.
The data could be linked to 9 broad types (Figure 3.6 & Table 3.3). 6 of these (RW-01, RW-04,
RW-05, RW-10, RW-11, RW-15) were represented by more than 2 countries. 8 countries (BE,
BG, CY, ES, FR, PL, PT, UK) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of
their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 0.4 mg/L (ES) to 12.6 mg/L (BG), with an interquartile range of 6 to
6.9. As for lakes, several countries choose to use 6 mg/L, a threshold that probably derives
23
from the Freshwater Fish directive. There is no distinct trend between either countries or
types.
More information in Annex A1.2.1 (p. 99)
Figure 3.5: Dissolved oxygen standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
Figure 3.6: Dissolved oxygen standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
while LW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
24
Table 3.3: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for Dissolved oxygen
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
8
1
12
RW-00
Not assigned
5
27
16
RW-01
Very large rivers
4
10
4
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
5
32
5
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
7
3
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
2
2
2
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
1
1
1
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
3
18
6
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
3
13
4
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
1
2
1
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
3
4
4
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
4
3.1.2.2 Percent oxygen saturation (rivers)
There were 342 records from 9 countries (Figure 3.7). The majority of countries use the annual
mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 4 countries (ES, FR, PT, UK) use a single value for each
national type and 8 countries (AT, EE, ES, HU, IT, NL, PT, UK) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 5 broad types (Figure 3.8 & Table 3.4). 1 of these (RW-01) had
representatives from more than 2 countries. 5 countries (ES, FR, IT, PT, UK) apply the same
standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 20% saturation (IT) to 90% saturation (PT), with an interquartile
range of 60 to 65.5%.
More information in A1.2.2 (p. 102).
25
Figure 3.7: % oxygen saturation standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
Figure 3.8: % oxygen saturation standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
while LW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
26
Table 3.4: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for % oxygen saturation.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
5
1
4
RW-00
Not assigned
4
15
5
RW-01
Very large rivers
3
3
3
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
1
3
2
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
2
6
3
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
1
3
3
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
1
1
1
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
3.1.3 Oxygen (transitional waters)
For transitional waters also similar numbers of countries report DO using concentration (7) and
percentage saturation (5).
3.1.3.1 Dissolved oxygen concentration (transitional waters)
There were 34 records from 7 countries on dissolved oxygen concentration (Figure 3.9).
Member states reported three different summary metrics: 10th percentile, 5th percentile and
annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the most commonly used. Italy uses a different
standard from all other countries in its transitional waters national types (0-0.1 mg/L for less
than one year), and therefore is not included in this overview.
Some countries (BE, BG, FR, UK) use a single value for each national type, but 3 countries (ES,
PL, RO) present standards as a range (Figure 3.10). In addition, 3 countries (ES, FR, UK) apply the
same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts.
Standards range from 3 mg/L (FR) to 6.2 mg/L (RO), with an interquartile range of 4 to 4.5.
27
In transitional waters, data could be linked to 2 common IC types (Figure 3.10 and Table 3.5).
However, the comparison of dissolved oxygen is only possible for the common IC type NEA 11,
which had data from at least 2 countries (BE and UK). The respective range of values for each
type is shown in graph. In practice, even within this common type, because the countries use
different metrics (5th percentile in the case of UK and 10th percentile in the case of BE), results
are not comparable.
More information in Annex 1.3.1 (p. 104).
Figure 3.9. Dissolved oxygen standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
28
Figure 3.10. Dissolved oxygen standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red) in the Baltic, Mediterranean and North East Atlantic transitional water types.
“Inapplicable” refers to standards for national types that do not match any of the IC types.
Table 3.5 Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for dissolved oxygen in transitional waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
5
8
5
TW-BT1
TW-BT1 - Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8 psu,
bottom water salinity 0-0 psu, very sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
TW-Coastal Lagoons Polyeuhaline - Mediterranean Sea,
coastal lagoons, Salinity 18-40 psu
TW-Estuaries
TW-Estuaries - Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt
wedge type
1
1
1
TW-NEA11
TW-NEA11 - North East Atlantic, transitional waters
3
4
3
3.1.3.2 Percent oxygen saturation (transitional waters)
There were 25 records from 5 countries (Fig. 3.11). Member states reported three different
summary metrics: 90th percentile, 95th percentile and annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being
the most commonly used. Croatia uses the median whilst Ireland uses the 95th percentile for
this parameter. However, there were issues with the interpretation of these countries reported
values (HR povr:75-175;>40; IE Ref: SI 272 of 2009), and thus they were excluded from the
analyses.
29
Three countries (ES, NL, PT) use a single value for each national type, but 4 countries (ES, NL, PL,
RO) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (ES, PT) apply the same standard to
all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 0
PC02 (ES) to 109 PC02 (PT), with an interquartile range of 60 to 77.1.
Data could be linked to 2 common IC types, one in the Baltic other in the North East Atlantic
(Fig. 3.12 and Table 3.6). For oxygen saturation, Spain and the Netherlands sharing the common
type NEA 11, present similar values to coastal waters, around 60% saturation in the case of NL,
whilst Spain has a range of values from 55% to 120%, depending of the national type. A
comparison with PT is not possible because it uses the 90th percentile rather than the annual
average.
More information in Annex 1.3.2 (p. 106).
Figure 3.11. % oxygen saturation standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
30
Figure 3.12. % oxygen saturation standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to standards for national types that do not match any
of the IC types.
Table 3.6. Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for oxygen saturation in transitional waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
4
6
4
TW-BT1
TW-BT1 - Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8 psu,
bottom water salinity 0-0 psu, very sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
TW-CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline - Mediterranean Sea,
coastal lagoons, Salinity 18-40 psu
TW-Estuaries
TW-Estuaries - Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt wedge
type
TW-NEA11
TW-NEA11 - North East Atlantic, transitional waters
3
5
6
3.1.4 Oxygen (coastal waters)
In coastal waters also similar numbers of countries report dissolved oxygen using concentration
(8) and percentage saturation (6).
3.1.4.1 Dissolved oxygen concentration (coastal waters)
There were 73 records from 8 countries, all expressing dissolved oxygen concentration as mg/L
(Fig. 3.13). Member states reported 8 summary metrics, the most common being annual mean
31
(AA-EQS), but also 5th percentile, 10th percentile, seasonal means (spring, summer, autumn and
winter) and a minimum acceptable limit.
Five countries (BE, BG, ES, FR, UK) use a single value for each national type, but 4 countries (CY,
ES, PL, RO) present standards as a range. In addition, 4 countries (CY, ES, FR, UK) apply the same
standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range
from 0.4 mg/L (ES) to 12.6 mg/L (BG), with an interquartile range of 4 to 7.2.
Data could be linked to 8 common IC types, but only the NEA1/26 type had data from more
than 2 countries (Fig. 3.14 and Table 3.7). Comparisons are not possible because most countries
sharing the same common type, MSFD regions or subregion, report threshold values based on
different metrics. For example, for the common type NEA 1/26, and the MSFD region North
Sea, UK has values based on the 5th percentile, FR on the 10th percentile, and BE on the
minimum value. For the Black Sea, BG shows different values for each season, whilst RO uses
the annual average value. In the Western Mediterranean Island coastal types, ES uses the
annual mean value and FR the 10th percentile.
More information in Annex A1.4.1 (p. 108).
Figure 3.13. Dissolved oxygen standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
32
Figure 3.14. Dissolved oxygen standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to standards for national types that do not match any of
the IC types.
33
Table 3.7. Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for dissolved oxygen in coastal waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0.5-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 1-6 psu, Exposed, 90-150 ice days
CW-BC3
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 3-6 psu, Sheltered, 90-150 ice days
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 5-8 psu, Exposed, < 90 ice days
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 6-12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 8-11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC8
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 13-18 psu, bottom water
salinity 18-23 psu, Sheltered,<90 ice days
CW-BC9
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 3-6 psu, Moderately Exposed to exposed, 90-150 ice
days
CW-BL1
Black Sea, mesohaline, microtidal, shallow, moderately
exposed, mixed substratum
2
10
5
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas, exposed
or sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m), microtidal or
mesotidal, fully mixed or partly stratified
4
3
4
CW-NEA3/4
North East Atlantic, polyhaline, exposed or moderately
exposed (Wadden Sea type)
CW-NEA7
North East, Atlantic Sea, deep fjordic and sea loch systems
1
1
1
CW-Type_I
Highly influenced by freshwater inputs
CW-Type_IIA
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
CW-Type_IIIE
Mediterranean, not influenced by freshwater input (Eastern
Basin)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIIW
Mediterranean, continental coast, not influenced by
freshwater input (Western Basin)
2
1
2
CW-Type_Island-W
Mediterranean, island coast (Western Basin)
2
1
2
inapplicable
inapplicable
2
2
2
34
3.1.4.2 Percent oxygen saturation (coastal waters)
There were 87 records from 6 countries (Fig. 3.15). Member states reported 7 summary
metrics: 90th percentile, 95th percentile, seasonal means (spring, summer, autumn and winter),
and annual mean (AA-EQS), the most commonly used. However, there were issues with the
interpretation of these countries reported values (HR povr:75-175;>40; IE Ref: SI 272 of 2009),
and thus they were excluded from the analyses.
Four countries (BG, ES, NL, PT) use a single value for each national type, but 3 countries (CY, ES,
PL) present standards as a range. In addition, 3 countries (CY, ES, PT) apply the same standard
to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 0
PC02 (ES) to 117 PC02 (PT), with an interquartile range of 75 to 90.2.
Data could be linked to 7 common IC types, but also here only the NEA1/26 type had data from
more than 2 countries (Fig. 3.16 and Table 3.8). A comparison within the common type NEA
1/26 is only possible for NL and ES, with similar values in some cases (around 60% oxygen
saturation being the lowest advisable value for annual mean). At MSFD region level, ES and PT
have presented threshold values for their national types but use different metrics, (annual
average and 90th percentile), so a comparison is not possible. In the Mediterranean Sea, ES has
a range of threshold values varying from 20 to 120% (annual mean), depending on the national
types, and CY has threshold values from 60 to 90%.
More information in Annex 1.4.2 (p. 110).
35
Figure 3.15. % oxygen saturation standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
Figure 3.16. % oxygen saturation standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to standards for national types that do not match any
of the IC types.
36
Table 3.8. Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for oxygen saturation in coastal waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0.5-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 1-6 psu, Exposed, 90-150 ice days
CW-BC3
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 3-6 psu, Sheltered, 90-150 ice days
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 5-8 psu, Exposed, < 90 ice days
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 6-12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 8-11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC8
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 13-18 psu, bottom water
salinity 18-23 psu, Sheltered,<90 ice days
CW-BC9
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 3-6 psu, Moderately Exposed to exposed, 90-150
ice days
CW-BL1
Black Sea, mesohaline, microtidal, shallow, moderately
exposed, mixed substratum
1
9
4
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas,
exposed or sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m),
microtidal or mesotidal, fully mixed or partly stratified
3
5
6
CW-NEA3/4
North East Atlantic, polyhaline, exposed or moderately
exposed (Wadden Sea type)
1
1
1
CW-NEA7
North East, Atlantic Sea, deep fjordic and sea loch systems
CW-Type_I
Highly influenced by freshwater inputs
CW-Type_IIA
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
1
2
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence), Adriatic coast
CW-Type_IIIE
Mediterranean, not influenced by freshwater input
(Eastern Basin)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIIW
Mediterranean, continental coast, not influenced by
freshwater input (Western Basin)
CW-Type_Island-W
Mediterranean, island coast (Western Basin)
1
1
1
inapplicable
inapplicable
3
5
4
37
3.2 Transparency (lakes and transitional waters)
3.2.1 Secchi depth (lakes)
There were 514 records from 14 countries (Figure 3.17). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric, (10) countries (AT, BG, CZ, ES, LV, NL, NO, PL, PT,
SI) use a single values for each national type and (8) countries (AT, BG, EE, ES, FR, HR, IT, PL)
present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 11 broad types (Figure 3.18 & Table 3.9), although 5 countries (ES,
FR, HR, IT, PL) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river
basin districts. 7 of these broad types (LW-00, LW-01, LW-03, LW-04, LW-07, LW-08, LW-11)
had representatives from more than 2 countries enabling comparisons between types to be
made.
The standards ranged from 0.2 m (NL), an extremely low value, to 7.4 m (AT), with an
interquartile range of 0.6 to 1.3. As for other quality elements NL had a large number of
different standards for similar lake types, some of which were extremely low.
The very large lakes (type LW-01) had the highest Secchi disc standards and the very shallow
lowland calcareous lakes (type LW-04) the lowest, with the other lake types lying in between.
Although there were too few countries contributing to the humic lake types for meaningful
comparisons, in general the humic lakes had lower Secchi disc standards, reflecting their
naturally lower light transparency. Thus the standards reported do reflect expected typological
differences. However, there are still relatively large ranges in use: standards for very large
lakes, for example, range from 2 (BG) to 7.4.
More information in Annex A2.1 (p. 112).
38
Figure 3.17: Secchi disk depth standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red).
Figure 3.18. Secchi disk depth standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
while LW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
39
Table 3.9. Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for Secchi depth in lakes.
Code
Description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
5
1
7
LW-00
Not assigned
8
27
24
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
3
5
4
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
2
4
2
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
4
9
15
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
3
5
8
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
2
4
12
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
4
10
4
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
3
4
3
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
1
2
1
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
3
4
3
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
1
2
1
3.2.2 Secchi depth (transitional waters)
There were 17 records from 7 countries (Fig. 3.19). Member states reported 4 different
summary metrics: 95th percentile, median, summer mean, and annual mean (AA-EQS), the
latter being the most commonly used. There were no units issues with data, but ES presented a
range as 4-3, which needs to be reversed for conformity. PT high value is for its national type in
the NEA islands, and should probably not be assigned to TW, but this needs confirmation by
this MS.
Five countries (BG, HR, LV, PT, RO) use a single value for each national type, but 3 countries (ES,
PL, RO) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (ES, HR) apply the same standard
to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 0
m (PL) to 7.5 (PL), if we exclude the 35 m value from PT, with an interquartile range of 2 to 4. In
some cases the ranges presented are quite wide for this metric (0.75 to 5.9 or 0.2 to 7.5) and
further clarification with the MS is needed on how the ranges ae used.
Data could be linked to 3 common IC types, one in the Baltic, one in the NE Atlantic and another
in the Mediterranean (Fig. 3.10 and Table 3.10). The Black Sea has no common IC transitional
waters type. Comparison is only possible for Mediterranean estuaries, which had data from 2
countries (HR and ES), and the values here are similar, around 3 meters depth.
More information in Annex A2.2 (p. 115).
40
Figure 3.19: Secchi disk depth standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
Figure 3.20: Secchi disk depth standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be matched to any IC
types.
41
Table 3.10: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards for Secchi depth in transitional waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
5
9
6
TW-BT1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8
psu, bottom water salinity 0-0 psu, very
sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
Mediterranean Sea, coastal lagoons,
Salinity 18-40 psu
TW-Estuaries
Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt
wedge type
2
1
2
TW-NEA11
North East Atlantic, transitional waters
1
1
1
3.2.3 Secchi depth (coastal waters)
There were 48 records from 9 countries (Fig. 3.21). Member states reported 4 different
summary metrics: 95th percentile, median, summer mean, and annual mean (AA-EQS), the
latter being the most commonly used. There were no units issues with data, but ES presented a
range as 4-3, which needs to be reversed for conformity.
Five countries (FI, HR, LV, PT, RO) use a single value for each national type, but 4 countries (BG,
EE, ES, PL) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (ES, HR) apply the same
standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range
from 0 m (PL) to 35 m (PT), with an interquartile range of 3 to 4.
Data could be linked to 9 common IC types, but none has data from more than 2 countries (Fig.
3.22 and Table 3.11). Thus, comparison is only possible for two coastal common types, BC4
shared by LV and EE, and BL1 shared by RO and BG. However, both EE and BG present their
boundary values as a range, and in the case of EE, the range is so wide (0.7-6.5 m), that a
comparison with LV values is not possible. In the Black Sea common type boundary values are
higher (around 3 m) in BG than in RO coastal waters (2 m).
At MSFD marine regions level, it is possible to make more comparisons. In the Baltic Sea, FI, EE,
LV and PL show different threshold values. LV values are around 4 meters, but in Finland,
depending of the national type, the minimum value is around 2.5 meter and maximum value is
6.5 meters. PL and EE present range values for each of their types and a comparison is not
possible, as the range is also wide. In the Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast marine subregion,
the values are not comparable, because PT does not present data for transparency for these
42
coastal areas, only for the Azores islands deep waters (35 meters) in the Macaronesia
subregion. At regional seas level, Mediterranean countries have similar values for the Western
and Adriatic zones (around 4 meters).
More information in Annex A2.3 (p. 117).
Figure 3.21: Secchi disk depth standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
43
Figure 3.22: Secchi disk depth standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
44
Table 3.11: Overview of common types and number of countries /national types/distinct
standards
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0.5-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 1-6 psu, Exposed, 90-150 ice days
1
8
7
CW-BC3
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity
3-6 psu, Sheltered, 90-150 ice days
1
2
2
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water salinity
5-8 psu, Exposed, < 90 ice days
2
3
2
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity
6-12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
2
3
2
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity
8-11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
2
CW-BC9
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity
3-6 psu, Moderately Exposed to exposed, 90-150 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BL1
Black Sea, mesohaline, microtidal, shallow, moderately
exposed, mixed substratum
2
10
2
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas, exposed or
sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m), microtidal or mesotidal,
fully mixed or partly stratified
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence), Adriatic coast
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIIW
Mediterranean, continental coast, not influenced by
freshwater input (Western Basin)
1
1
1
inapplicable
inapplicable
4
6
6
3.3 pH (lakes and rivers)
3.3.1 pH (lakes)
There were 668 records from 13 countries (Figure 3.11). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (AA-EQS) as a summary metric, although 4 (BE, CZ, ES, NL) use a maximum
acceptable concentration value. pH is a QE that might be expected to have a two tailed effect,
with both upper and lower values potentially useful as a standard. However for pH, 4 countries
(CZ, ES, NO, RO) use single values for each national type, while 10 countries (AT, BE, BG, CY, EE,
ES, HU, NL, PT, SI) present standards as a range. Of the countries reporting single values only
NO have values that are clearly clustered at a lower pH and as these are only for siliceous lakes
it is clear that these represent a lower threshold, indicating acidification risk.
45
The data could be linked to 11 broad types (Figure 3.12 & Table 3.6). Although 4 countries (BG,
CY, ES, PT) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river
basin districts, 4 broad types (LW-00, LW-03, LW-04, LW-08) had values from more than 2
countries, allowing meaningful comparisons between types.
The standards ranged from pH 4 (NL) to pH 10 (CZ). The values in the siliceous lakes tended to
be lower, with fewer countries reporting upper range values, but otherwise there were no clear
differences between lake types.
Where a range was specified the lower standard values had a median of 6.5 and the upper
values a median of 9. The upper values are likely to indicate a threshold above which excess
algal growth might generate higher values and the median value of 9 does not seem
inappropriate as an impact indicator, at least for calcareous lakes. Similarly, the median of 6.5
for the lower range might be an appropriate value, although there are several values below
this.
There were, however, values that were more difficult to understand. For example an upper
range value using a maximum acceptable concentration (MAC-EQS) of < 8.0 for lowland lake
types LW-04 and LW-06 (NL)(See appendix) seem relatively low for a calcareous lake. Similarly,
a lower range value (as annual average) of 9 for the lowland very shallow calcareous lake type
(LW-04) reported by AT seems unlikely to be aimed at protection of a lower acidification
threshold. Thus some of the apparent dissimilarity in the reported pH standards may be linked
to the purpose of those standards reported as a range and more information is required.
More information in Annex A3.1 (p. 120).
46
Figure 3.11: pH standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
Figure 3.12: pH standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
“All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while LW-00
are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
Table 3.6: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for H in lakes.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
47
All
4
1
2
LW-00
Not assigned
9
41
12
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
2
3
3
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
2
2
2
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
4
5
3
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
4
9
4
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
2
3
3
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
2
12
4
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
3
7
3
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
1
2
1
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
2
3
2
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
1
2
1
48
3.3.2 pH (rivers)
There were 697 records from 19 countries (Figure 3.25). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric,
9 countries (BE, CZ, ES, FI, HR, NO, PT, RO, UK) use a single values for each national type and 13
countries (AT, BE, BG, CY, ES, FR, HU, LU, NL, PL, PT, SK, UK) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 16 broad types (Figure 3.26 & Table 3.13). 9 of these (RW-00, RW-
01, RW-03, RW-04, RW-05, RW-08, RW-10, RW-11, RW-15) had values from more than 2
countries. 9 countries (BE, BG, CY, ES, FR, HR, PL, PT, UK) apply the same standard to all
national types found in one or more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 0.6 pH (SK) to 9 pH (RO), with an interquartile range of 5.5 to 6.1.
More information in Annex 3.2 (p. 123).
Figure 3.25: pH standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
49
Figure 3.26: pH standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
“All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while RW-00
are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
50
Table 3.13: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for pH in rivers.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
9
1
9
RW-00
Not assigned
7
39
11
RW-01
Very large rivers
6
13
5
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
2
2
2
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
3
5
4
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
6
36
7
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
9
4
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
1
1
1
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
1
1
1
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
3
9
2
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
2
5
2
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
4
17
3
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
18
5
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
1
8
1
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
1
2
1
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
2
13
4
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
3
4
4
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
2
3.4 BOD
3.4.1 BOD (rivers)
There were 316 records from 15 countries (Figure 3.27). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 12 countries (AT, BE, BG, CZ, ES, FR, LV, PL, PT,
RO, SI, SK) use a single value for each national type and 5 countries (BG, HR, HU, PL, UK) present
standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 10 broad types (Figure 3.28 & Table 3.14). 6 of these (RW-00, RW-
04, RW-05, RW-10, RW-11, RW-15) had values from more than 2 countries. 8 countries (BE, BG,
ES, FR, HR, PL, PT, UK) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of
their river basin districts. BE is a clear outlier, having standards approximately one order of
magnitude higher than those for other countries.
The standards ranged from 1 mg/L O2 (BG) to 30 mg/L O2 (BE), with an interquartile range of 3.3
to 5.
51
More information in Annex A4.1 (p. 126).
Figure 3.27: BOD5 standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
Figure 3.28: BOD5 standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
“All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while RW-00
are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
52
Table 3.14: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for BOD5 in rivers.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
8
1
11
RW-00
Not assigned
6
22
7
RW-01
Very large rivers
2
8
2
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
6
35
8
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
8
4
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
2
2
2
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
2
2
2
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
5
21
8
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
6
16
5
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
1
2
1
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
4
6
6
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
3
3.5 Ammonium-N
3.5.1 Ammonium-N (rivers)
There were 309 records from 18 countries (Figure 3.29). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 13 countries (BE, BG, CZ, ES, FR, LU, LV, NO, PL,
PT, RO, SK, UK) use a single values for each national type and 8 countries (CY, ES, HR, HU, IT, PL,
PT, UK) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 13 broad types (Figure 3.30 & Table 3.15). 7 of these (RW-00, RW-
01, RW-04, RW-05, RW-10, RW-11, RW-15) had values from more than 2 countries. 10
countries (BE, CY, ES, FR, HR, IT, LU, PL, PT, UK) apply the same standard to all national types
found in one or more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 0 mgN/L (PL) to 1.1 mgN/L (RO), with an interquartile range of 0.2
to 0.4.
More information in Annex 5.1 (p. 129)
53
Figure 3.29: Ammonium N standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
Figure 3.30: Ammonium N standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
while RW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
54
Table 3.15: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for Ammonium N in rivers.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
10
1
19
RW-00
Not assigned
6
26
9
RW-01
Very large rivers
4
10
6
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
1
1
1
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
5
32
12
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
3
6
4
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
2
4
2
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
2
3
2
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
3
16
6
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
15
8
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
2
3
2
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
1
1
1
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
2
3
2
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
3
4
4
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
4
3.6 Nutrients
This section presents a brief overview of the results for nutrients as there has not been time to
undertake comparisons with previous work on nutrients. These will be provided in the next
version of this report.
3.6.1 Nitrate
3.6.1.1 Nitrate-N (rivers)
There were 295 records from 16 countries (Figure 3.31). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 13 countries (AT, BE, BG, CZ, ES, FR, LU, LV, PL,
PT, RO, SI, SK) that use a single value for each national type and 6 countries (BG, CY, HR, IT, PL,
PT) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 11 broad types (Figure 3.32 & Table 3.16). 6 of these (RW-00, RW-
04, RW-05, RW-10, RW-11, RW-15) had values from more than 2 countries
55
10 countries (BE, BG, CY, ES, FR, HR, IT, LU, PL, PT) apply the same standard to all national types
found in one or more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 0 mg N/L (PL) to 11.3 mg N/L (FR), with an interquartile range of 0.3
to 2.5.
More information in Annex A6.1 (p. 132).
Figure 3.31: Nitrate as N standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
56
Figure 3.32: Nitrate as N standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while RW-
00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
Table 3.16: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for Nitrate as N in rivers.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
10
1
15
RW-00
Not assigned
5
22
8
RW-01
Very large rivers
2
8
4
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
6
31
11
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
6
4
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
2
2
2
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
2
2
2
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
5
22
11
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
16
7
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
1
2
2
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
5
6
6
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
1
1
1
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
4
57
3.6.1.2 Nitrate (transitional waters)
There were 29 records from 6 countries (Fig. 3.33). Member states reported 4 different
summary metrics: 95th percentile, 90th percentile, winter mean and annual mean (AA-EQS),
the latter being the most commonly used. Some express standards as mg/L others as mol/L but
all were standardised to mg/L for comparison. Also some use NO3 rather than N. All values
have been adjusted to NO3 as N.
Five countries (BG, ES, LV, PT, RO) use a single value for each national type, but 3 countries (ES,
PL, PT) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (ES, PT) apply the same standard
to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 0
mgN/L (ES) to 5.6 mgN/L (ES), with an interquartile range of 0 to 1.3.
Data could be linked to 3 common IC types (Fig. 3.34 and Table 3.17). From these common IC
types, only NEA-11 includes data from 2 countries, but comparison is compromised by the use
of different standards (90th percentile by PT and annual mean by ES).
More information in Annex A6.2 (p. 135).
Figure 3.33: Nitrate as N standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
58
Figure 3.34: Nitrate as N standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to any IC type.
Table 3.17: Overview of common types and number of MS/national types/distinct standards.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
5
10
6
TW-BT1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 0-0 psu, very sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
Mediterranean Sea, coastal lagoons, Salinity 18-40 psu
TW-Estuaries
Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt wedge type
1
1
2
TW-NEA11
North East Atlantic, transitional waters
2
3
5
3.6.1.3 Nitrate (coastal waters)
There were 83 records from 8 countries (Fig. 3.35). Member states reported 8 different
summary metrics: 95th percentile, 90th percentile, seasonal means (winter, spring, summer,
autumn), and annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the most commonly used. The
AGM_int_c metric used by SL refers to maximum value, but this needs to be clarified.
Six countries (BG, ES, LV, PT, RO, SI) use a single values for each national type, but 4 countries
(CY, ES, PL, PT) present standards as a range. In addition, 4 countries (CY, ES, PT, SI) apply the
59
same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards
range from 0 mgN/L (ES) to 5.6 mgN/L (ES), with an interquartile range of 0 to 0.7.
Data could be linked to 9 common IC types (Fig. 3.36 and Table 3.18), of which only the Black
Sea common IC BL1 type and the NE Atlantic common IC 1/26 type have data from 2 countries
for comparison. IN both cases however countries use different standards (annual mean by RO
versus seasonal means by BG; and 90th percentile by PT versus annual means by ES).
More information in Annex A6.3 (p. 137).
Figure 3.35: Nitrate as N standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red).
60
Figure 3.36: Nitrate as N standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to an IC type.
Table 3.18: Overview of common types and number of countries /national types/distinct
standards.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0.5-6 psu, bottom water salinity 1-6 psu,
Exposed, 90-150 ice days
CW-BC3
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity 3-6 psu,
Sheltered, 90-150 ice days
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water salinity 5-8 psu,
Exposed, < 90 ice days
1
2
1
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity 6-12 psu,
Exposed, <90 ice days
2
3
2
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity 8-11 psu,
Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC8
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 13-18 psu, bottom water salinity 18-23
psu, Sheltered,<90 ice days
CW-BC9
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity 3-6 psu,
Moderately Exposed to exposed, 90-150 ice days
CW-BL1
Black Sea, mesohaline, microtidal, shallow, moderately exposed, mixed
substratum
2
10
5
61
3.6.2 Total N (lakes, rivers, transitional and coastal waters)
3.6.2.1 Total N (lakes)
There were 792 records from 11 countries (Figure 3.21). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric, with PT and RO using upper quantile values. The
majority (9) countries (BE, BG, ES, FI, LV, NL, NO, PT, RO) use a single value for each national
type with only 3 countries (BG, EE, HU) presenting standards as a range.
Only 1 country (BG) applies the same standard to all national types found in one or more of
their river basin districts and the data could be linked to 10 broad types. (Figure 3.22 & Table
3.11). Of these 7 (LW-00, LW-02, LW-03, LW-04, LW-05, LW-06, LW-11) had standards from
more than 2 countries allowing comparisons between types to be made.
The standards ranged from 0.12 mgN/L (NL) to 35 mgN/L (RO), with an interquartile range of
0.75 to 2.19. NL reported a particularly high range of standards (Figure 3.21), which contributed
to the relatively high type specific ranges. However generally the lowest values were found in
very large lakes (LW-01), siliceous lakes (LW-02, LW-07, LW-09, LW-11) and the highest in
lowland calcareous very shallow lakes (LW-04).
More information in Annex A6.4 (p. 139).
Figure 3.21: TN standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
62
Figure 3.22: TN standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
Table 3.11: Overview of common types showing the number of MS/national types/distinct
standards for TN
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
1
1
1
LW-00
Not assigned
9
26
30
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
2
3
3
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
3
3
3
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
6
9
17
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
4
10
11
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
3
7
6
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
4
6
12
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
1
2
2
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
2
6
2
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
1
1
1
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
3
5
4
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
63
3.6.2.2 Total N (rivers)
Data for TN provided 552 records from 13 countries (Figure 3.21). The majority of countries use
the annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric,
There were (10) countries (BE, BG, ES, FI, LV, NL, NO, PL, RO, SK) that use a single values for
each national type and (4) countries (BG, HR, HU, PL) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 16 broad types (Figure 3.39 & Table 3.20). 7 of these (RW-00, RW-
01, RW-02, RW-03, RW-04, RW-05, RW-11) had values from more than 2 countries. 4 countries
(BE, BG, HR, PL) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of their
river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 0 mg N/L (PL) to 12 mg N/L (BE), with an interquartile range of 0.9
to 2.3.
More information in Annex A6.5 (p. 141).
Figure 3.39: TN standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
64
Figure 3.40: TN standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
“All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while RW-00
are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
65
Table 3.20: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for r TN in rivers.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
4
1
10
RW-00
Not assigned
6
17
9
RW-01
Very large rivers
6
17
10
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
3
4
3
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
3
8
4
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
5
35
10
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
5
12
9
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
2
6
3
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
2
2
2
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
2
8
3
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
2
11
3
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
2
15
4
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
3
11
5
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
1
13
3
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
1
2
1
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
2
9
2
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
2
3
3
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
3
3.6.2.3 Total N (transitional waters)
There were only 11 records from 4 countries (Fig. 3.41). Member states reported 3 different
summary metrics: 90th percentile, summer mean, and annual mean (AA-EQS).
All four countries (BE, BG, ES, FR) use a single value, not ranges, for each national type.
Standards range from 0.8 mgN/L (ES) to 2.5 mgN/L (BE), with an interquartile range of 1.1 to
1.8.
Data could be linked to 2 common IC types (Fig. 3.42 and Table 3.21), one in the
Mediterranean, other in the NE Atlantic. However, no comparison is possible for common IC
types as only a single country has reported TN within each of the common IC types.
More information in Annex A6.6 (p. 144).
66
Figure 3.41: TN standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
Figure 3.42: TN standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to IC types.
67
Table 3.21: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
3
7
3
TW-BT1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 0-0 psu, very sheltered
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
Mediterranean Sea, coastal lagoons, Salinity 18-40 psu
1
1
1
TW-Estuaries
Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt wedge type
TW-NEA11
North East Atlantic, transitional waters
1
1
1
3.6.2.4 Total N (coastal waters)
There were 40 records from 3 countries (Fig. 3.43), all reporting annual mean (AA-EQS) as their
summary metric.
Finland (FI) uses a single value for each national type, EE present standards as a range, whilst DE
presents both single and range values depending on the national type. Standards range from
0.2 mgN/L (DE) to 1 mgN/L (EE), with an interquartile range of 0.3 to 0.4.
Data could be linked to 7 common IC types (Fig. 3.44 and Table 3.22), in the Baltic and in the NE
Atlantic. However, no comparison is possible for common IC types as only a single country has
reported TN within each of the common IC types.
More information in Annex A6.7 (p. 146).
68
Figure 3.43: TN standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
Figure 3.44: TN standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to any IC types.
69
Table 3.22: Overview of common types and number of country/national types/distinct
standards.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0.5-6 psu, bottom water
salinity 1-6 psu, Exposed, 90-150 ice days
1
8
6
CW-BC3
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity
3-6 psu, Sheltered, 90-150 ice days
1
2
2
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water salinity
5-8 psu, Exposed, < 90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity
6-12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity
8-11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
CW-BC8
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 13-18 psu, bottom water
salinity 18-23 psu, Sheltered,<90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC9
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity
3-6 psu, Moderately Exposed to exposed, 90-150 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BL1
Black Sea, mesohaline, microtidal, shallow, moderately
exposed, mixed substratum
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas, exposed or
sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m), microtidal or mesotidal,
fully mixed or partly stratified
1
1
1
CW-NEA3/4
North East Atlantic, polyhaline, exposed or moderately exposed
(Wadden Sea type)
1
2
2
inapplicable
inapplicable
3
9
9
3.6.3 Total/dissolved inorganic nitrogen (transitional and coastal waters)
3.6.3.1 TIN/DIN (transitional waters)
There were 77 records from 7 countries (Fig. 3.45). Member states reported 6 summary
metrics: 99th percentile, 90th percentile, winter mean, median, a regression derived value, and
annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the most commonly used.
Six countries (BE, FR, HR, IT, NL, UK) use a single value for each national type, but 2 countries
(IT, PL) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (IT, UK) apply the same standard
to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 0
mgN/L (FR) to 2.6 mgN/L (NL), with an interquartile range of 0 to 0.3. Two extreme values from
UK (39 mgN/L) were removed for this analysis, although it may be that they were in µmol/L
instead of mol/L as reported. In any case, all units reported and their conversion factors should
be checked with MS.
70
Data could be linked to 5 common IC types (Figure 3.46 and Table 3.34) in all EU regional seas.
Comparison is only possible within the NE Atlantic common IC type NEA-11, which includes data
from 3 countries. However summary metrics used are not comparable.
More information in Annex A6.8 (p. 148).
Figure 3.45: Total Inorganic N standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red).
71
Figure 3.46: Total Inorganic N standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to any IC type.
Table 3.23: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
3
3
3
TW-BT1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 0-0 psu, very sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
Mediterranean Sea, coastal lagoons, Salinity 18-40 psu
2
2
2
TW-Estuaries
Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt wedge type
1
3
3
TW-NEA11
North East Atlantic, transitional waters
3
10
10
3.6.3.2 TIN/DIN (coastal waters)
There were 71 records from 6 countries (Fig. 3.47). Member states reported 6 summary
metrics: 99th percentile, maximum, winter mean, median, a regression derived value, and
annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the most commonly used.
72
Five countries (BE, ES, HR, NL, UK) use a single value for each national type, but 2 countries (HR,
PL) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (HR, UK) apply the same standard to
all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 0
mgN/L (HR) to 0.5 mgN/L (NL), with an interquartile range of 0 to 0.2. Two extreme values from
UK (19 mgN/L) were removed for this analysis, although it may be that they were in µmol/L
instead of mol/L as reported. In any case, all units reported and their conversion factors should
be checked with MS.
Data could be linked to 4 common IC types (Fig. 3.49 and Table 3.24) in all regional seas, except
the Black Sea. Comparison is only possible within the NE Atlantic common IC type NEA-11,
which includes data from 3 countries. However, not all summary metrics used are comparable;
only the maximum used by BE could be compared to the 99th percentile of the UK. More
information in Annex A6.9 (p. 149).
Figure 3.47: Total Inorganic N standards by country (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red).
73
Figure 3.48: Total Inorganic N standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red).
Table 3.24: Overview of common types and number of country/national types/distinct
standards
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 6-12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 8-11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas,
exposed or sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m),
microtidal or mesotidal, fully mixed or partly stratified
3
10
6
CW-NEA3/4
North East Atlantic, polyhaline, exposed or moderately
exposed (Wadden Sea type)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
1
3
3
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence), Adriatic coast
1
3
3
inapplicable
inapplicable
2
2
2
74
3.6.4 Orthophosphate (rivers, transitional and coastal waters)
3.6.4.1 Orthophosphate (rivers)
There were 270 records from 14 countries (Figure 3.25). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 10 countries (AT, BE, BG, ES, FR, LU, LV, PL, RO,
SK) use a single value for each national type and 6 countries (BG, CY, HR, HU, PL, UK) present
standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 11 broad types (Figure 3.25 & Table 3.13). 4 of these (RW-00, RW-
04, RW-05, RW-11) had types from more than 2 countries. 8 countries (BE, BG, CY, FR, HR, LU,
PL, UK) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin
districts.
The standards ranged from 3 ug P/L (PL) to 700 ug P/L (ES), with an interquartile range of 60.3
to 192.3.
More information in Annex A6.10 (p. 150).
Figure 3.25: Orthophosphate standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
75
Figure 3.26: Orthophosphate standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “All” are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD,
while RW-00 are type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad
types.
76
Table 3.13: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for r Orthophosphate
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
8
1
16
RW-00
Not assigned
5
34
16
RW-01
Very large rivers
2
8
3
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
4
29
7
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
3
5
3
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
1
1
1
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
1
1
1
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
2
14
6
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
3
11
4
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
1
1
1
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
1
2
1
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
2
3
2
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
4
3.6.4.2 Orthophosphate (transitional waters)
There were 31 records from 8 countries (Fig. 3.51). Member states reported 9 summary
metrics: 90th percentile, winter mean, median, and annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the
most commonly used.
Five countries (BG, FR, IT, LV, RO) use a single value for each national type, but 3 countries (HR,
PL, PT) present standards as a range. In addition, 3 countries (HR, IT, PT) apply the same
standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range
from 3 ugP/L (PL) to 459 ugP/L (BG), with an interquartile range of 15 to 63.6. Very wide ranges
(3-300 ug/L) need to be checked with national experts.
Data could be linked to 4 common IC types (Fig. 3.52 and Table 3.26) in all regional seas,
however no comparison is possible within type is possible as only one country reported per
common IC type.
More information in Annex A6.11 (p. 153).
77
Figure 3.51: Orthophosphate standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
Figure 3.52: Orthophosphate standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to an IC type.
78
Table 3.26: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
6
11
6
TW-BT1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8
psu, bottom water salinity 0-0 psu, very
sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
Mediterranean Sea, coastal lagoons,
Salinity 18-40 psu
1
1
1
TW-Estuaries
Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt
wedge type
1
1
1
TW-NEA11
North East Atlantic, transitional waters
1
1
1
3.6.4.3 Orthophosphate (coastal waters)
There were 65 records from 10 countries (Fig. 3.53). Member states reported 9 summary
metrics: 90th percentile, seasonal means (winter, spring, summer, autumn), median, maximum
values (MAC-EQS; AGM_int_c), and annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the most commonly
used. Data from CY were stated to be in mg/L, but appeared to be in ug/L, and thus reconverted
for analysis.
Seven countries (BE, BG, ES, LV, PT, RO, SI) use a single value for each national type, but 5
countries (CY, ES, HR, PL, PT) present standards as a range. In addition, 5 countries (CY, ES, HR,
PT, SI) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin
districts. Standards range from 2.2 ugP/L (HR) to 500 ugP/L (ES), with an interquartile range of
23.2 to 58.4. Very wide ranges need to be checked with national experts.
Data could be linked to 10 common IC types (Fig. 3.54 and Table 3.27) in all regional seas. In the
NE Atlantic, the common IC type 1/26 had data from 3 countries, but they report very different
standards, not comparable. In the Black Sea common IC type BL1, RO annual mean of 30 ugP/L
could be compared to the range of seasonal means from BG (30.6 ugP/L in summer to 61.2
ugP/L in winter). Within the Baltic or Mediterranean common types, metrics reported are not
comparable.
More information in Annex A6.12 (p. 155).
79
Figure 3.53: Orthophosphate standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red).
Figure 3.54: Orthophosphate standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red). “Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to an IC type.
Table 3.27: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards.
80
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water salinity
5-8 psu, Exposed, < 90 ice days
1
2
1
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity
6-12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
2
3
2
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity
8-11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BL1
Black Sea, mesohaline, microtidal, shallow, moderately
exposed, mixed substratum
2
10
5
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas, exposed or
sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m), microtidal or mesotidal,
fully mixed or partly stratified
3
3
3
CW-Type_IIA
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
2
1
2
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
Adriatic - Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater
input (continent influence), Adriatic coast
2
1
2
CW-Type_IIIE
Mediterranean, not influenced by freshwater input (Eastern
Basin)
1
1
1
CW-Type_IIIW
Mediterranean, continental coast, not influenced by
freshwater input (Western Basin)
1
1
1
CW-Type_Island-W
Mediterranean, island coast (Western Basin)
1
2
2
inapplicable
inapplicable
2
2
2
3.6.5 Total P (lakes, rivers, transitional and coastal waters)
3.6.5.1 Total P (lakes)
There were 1249 records from 20 countries (Figure 3.27). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 15 countries (AT, BE, BG, CZ, ES, FI, HR, LV, NL,
NO, PL, PT, RO, SI, UK) use a single values for each national type but 12 countries (AT, BG, CY,
EE, ES, FR, HR, HU, IT, PL, PT, UK) present standards as a range, sometimes in addition to a
single value.
The data could be linked to 12 broad types (Figure 3.28 & Table 3.14). Although 9 countries (BG,
CY, ES, FR, HR, IT, PL, PT, UK) apply the same standard to all national types found in one or more
of their river basin districts, 10 broad types (LW-00, LW-01, LW-02, LW-03, LW-04, LW-05, LW-
06, LW-07, LW-08, LW-11) had results from more than 2 countries allowing comparisons to be
made.
81
The standards ranged from 5 ug P/L (NO) to 2500 ug P/L (NL), with an interquartile range of 18
to 168. As for other standards the NL reported a large range of values, some exceptionally high
(Figure 3.27).
The reported values followed an expected trend with the lowest values found in very large
lakes (LW-01), siliceous lakes (LW-02, LW-05) mid-altitude lakes (LW-09, LW-10) and highland
lakes (LW-11, LW-12). Slightly higher values were found in humic lake types (LW-05, LW-06),
with the highest in lowland calcareous very shallow lakes (LW-04). However, some of the
values, particularly those from NL, were extremely high and further information is needed to
understand the reasons.
More information in Annex 6.13 (p. 157).
Figure 3.27: TP standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
82
Figure 3.28: TP standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red). “All”
are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while LW-00 are
type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
Table 3.14: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for TP in lakes.
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
9
1
11
LW-00
Not assigned
13
56
47
LW-01
Very large lakes, shallow or deep and stratified (all Europe)
3
9
7
LW-02
Lowland, Siliceous
4
11
8
LW-03
Lowland, Stratified, Calcareous/Mixed
6
11
14
LW-04
Lowland, Calcareous/Mixed, Very shallow/unstratified
7
14
16
LW-05
Lowland Organic (humic) and Siliceous
3
9
4
LW-06
Lowland Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
4
5
10
LW-07
Mid-altitude, Siliceous
4
14
5
LW-08
Mid-altitude, Calcareous/Mixed
6
18
11
LW-09
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Siliceous
1
3
1
LW-10
Mid-altitude, Organic (humic) and Calcareous/Mixed
1
2
1
LW-11
Highland, Siliceous (all Europe), incl. Organic (humic)
4
14
6
LW-12
Highland, Calcareous/Mixed (all Europe), incl. Organic
(humic)
1
2
2
83
3.6.5.2 Total P (rivers)
There were 651 records from 20 countries (Figure 3.29). The majority of countries use the
annual mean (“AA-EQS”) as a summary metric. 15 countries (BE, BG, CZ, ES, FI, FR, LU, LV, NL,
NO, PL, PT, RO, SI, SK) use a single values for each national type and 8 countries (BG, CY, ES, HR,
HU, IT, PL, PT) present standards as a range.
The data could be linked to 17 broad types (Figure 3.30 & Table 3.15). 10 of these (RW-00, RW-
01, RW-02, RW-03, RW-04, RW-05, RW-08, RW-10, RW-11, RW-15) had types from more than 2
countries. 10 countries (BE, BG, CY, ES, FR, HR, IT, LU, PL, PT) apply the same standard to all
national types found in one or more of their river basin districts.
The standards ranged from 8 ug P/L (NO) to 1000 ug P/L (BE), with an interquartile range of 65
to 154.3. There is some evidence of differences between types, with RW-06a/b (lowland
organic/siliceous), RW-12a/b (mid-altitude organic/siliceous) and RW-14 (highland, siliceous)
have particularly low values.
More information in Annex A6.14 (p. 160).
Figure 3.29: TP standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red). “All”
are standards that are not type-specific, but reported for all types in a RBD, while RW-00 are
type-specific standards for national types that do not match any of the broad types.
84
Figure 3.30: TP standards by broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red)
85
Table 3.15: Overview of common broad types showing the number of countries/national
types/distinct standards for TP
CodeBT
broadType
Cntry
Type
Stnd
All
10
1
14
RW-00
Not assigned
6
34
12
RW-01
Very large rivers
5
15
11
RW-02
Lowland, siliceous, medium-large
3
5
4
RW-03
Lowland, siliceous, very small-small
3
8
4
RW-04
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
6
36
13
RW-05
Lowland, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
5
10
8
RW-06a
Lowland, organic and siliceous, very small-small
2
5
2
RW-06b
Lowland, organic and siliceous, medium-large
2
2
2
RW-08
Mid-altitude, siliceous, medium-large
3
10
5
RW-09
Mid-altitude, siliceous, very small-small
2
10
3
RW-10
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, medium-large
4
20
7
RW-11
Mid-altitude, calcareous or mixed, very small-small
4
17
6
RW-12a
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, very small-small
2
14
4
RW-12b
Mid-altitude, organic and siliceous, medium-large
1
2
1
RW-14
Highland (all Europe), siliceous, incl. organic (humic)
2
9
2
RW-15
Highland (all Europe), Calcareous/Mixed
4
5
4
RW-17
Mediterranean, Lowland, Medium-Large, perennial
1
1
1
RW-20
Mediterranean, Temporary/Intermittent streams
2
10
4
3.6.5.3 Total P (transitional waters)
There were 25 records from 7 countries (Fig. 3.59). Member states reported 5 summary
metrics: 95th percentile, 90th percentile, summer mean, median, and annual mean (AA-EQS),
the latter being the most commonly used.
Five countries (BE, BG, ES, FR, PT) use a single value for each national type, but 3 countries (ES,
HR, PL) present standards as a range. In addition, 2 countries (ES, HR) apply the same standard
to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range from 6
ugP/L (ES) to 400 ugP/L (ES), with an interquartile range of 30 to 115.3.
The wide variability found may be an artefact related with data reporting. It was assumed that
all units were expressed at P, however ES reported a variety of units including “mg{PO4}/L”
implying that TP was expressed as PO4, thus these values were converted to P using a factor of
0.33. These units need to be checked, as this seems an unlikely unit to use and the values to
which the unit applied did not appear to be higher than other values reported by ES. Also, some
86
data from ES were stated to be in mg/L, but appeared to be in ug/L, the 5 most extreme values
were reconverted for analysis.
Data could be linked to 4 common IC types (Fig. 3.60 and Table 3.30), in all regional seas.
Comparison would only be possible between ES and HR for common type TW-Estuaries in the
Mediterranean, and between BE and ES for common type TW-NEA11 in the NE Atlantic, but in
either cases countries use different standards.
More information in Annex A6.15 (p. 164).
Figure 3.59: TP standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
87
Figure 3.60: TP standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
“Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to an IC type.
Table 3.30: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards for TP in transitional waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
inapplicable
inapplicable
5
11
7
TW-BT1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0-8 psu, bottom water
salinity 0-0 psu, very sheltered
1
1
1
TW-
CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
Mediterranean Sea, coastal lagoons, Salinity 18-40 psu
1
1
1
TW-Estuaries
Mediterranean Sea, estuaries, salt wedge type
2
2
4
TW-NEA11
North East Atlantic, transitional waters
2
5
5
3.6.5.4 Total P (coastal waters)
There were 48 records from 8 countries (Fig. 3.61). Member states reported 4 summary
metrics: 95th percentile, median, and annual mean (AA-EQS), the latter being the most
commonly used. The AGM_int_c metric used by SL refers to maximum value, but this needs to
be clarified by the MS.
Five countries (DE, ES, FI, PT, SI) use a single value for each national type, but 5 countries (DE,
EE, ES, HR, PL) present standards as a range. In addition, 3 countries (ES, HR, SI) apply the same
88
standard to all national types found in one or more of their river basin districts. Standards range
from 9.3 ugP/L (HR) to 400 ugP/L (ES), with an interquartile range of 14.8 to 74.1.
The wide variability found may be an artefact related with data reporting. It was assumed that
all units were expressed at P, however ES reported a variety of units including “mg{PO4}/L”
implying that TP was expressed as PO4, thus these values were converted to P using a factor of
0.33. These units need to be checked, as this seems an unlikely unit to use and the values to
which the unit applied did not appear to be higher than other values reported by ES. Also, some
data from ES were stated to be in mg/L, but appeared to be in ug/L, the 2 most extreme values
were reconverted for analysis.
Data could be linked to 10 common IC types (Fig. 3.62 and Table 3.31), in all regional seas.
However, only Mediterranean common IC type IIA_Adriatic includes data from 2 different
countries, where the maximum value adopted by Sl (18.6 µg/L) does not differ much from the
maximum range value indicated by HR (13 µg/L).
More information in Annex A6.16 (p. 146).
Figure 3.61: TP standards by country (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
89
Figure 3.62: TP standards by common IC type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum red).
“Inapplicable” refers to national standards that cannot be linked to IC types.
90
Table 3.31: Overview of common types and number of countries/national types/distinct
standards for TP in coastal waters.
Type code
Type description
Cntry
Type
Stnd
CW-BC1
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 0.5-6 psu, bottom water salinity 1-
6 psu, Exposed, 90-150 ice days
1
8
6
CW-BC3
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity 3-6
psu, Sheltered, 90-150 ice days
1
2
2
CW-BC4
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 5-8 psu, bottom water salinity 5-8
psu, Exposed, < 90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC5
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity 6-
12 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC7
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 6-8 psu, bottom water salinity 8-
11 psu, Exposed, <90 ice days
1
1
1
CW-BC9
Baltic Sea, surface water salinity 3-6 psu, bottom water salinity 3-6
psu, Moderately Exposed to exposed, 90-150 ice days
1
1
1
CW-NEA1/26
North East Atlantic, open oceanic or enclosed seas, exposed or
sheltered, euhaline, shallow (< 30 m), microtidal or mesotidal, fully
mixed or partly stratified
1
4
4
CW-NEA3/4
North East Atlantic, polyhaline, exposed or moderately exposed
(Wadden Sea type)
1
1
1
CW-
Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence)
2
1
2
CW-
Type_IIA_Adriatic
Mediterranean, moderately influenced by freshwater input
(continent influence), Adriatic coast
2
1
2
CW-Type_IIIW
Mediterranean, continental coast, not influenced by freshwater
input (Western Basin)
1
4
4
CW-Type_Island-W
Mediterranean, island coast (Western Basin)
1
1
1
inapplicable
inapplicable
4
8
8
91
4 Discussion
4.1 Are these values compatible with good ecological status for relevant BQEs?
This work is planned for 2020. The next steps are as follows:
ECOSTAT representatives should check entries for their own country and inform JRC of
any errors / changes to national standards for these supporting elements. (further
details are shown in the appendices).
Thresholds for some representative supporting elements will be validated using
biology/environment datasets. In some cases, data will exist in intercalibration
datasets; however, access to datasets collected by Member States would also be
helpful. The statistical toolkit developed for establishing nutrient thresholds will be a
starting point for this exercise, but some supporting elements may require approaches
not covered by this.
The representative supporting elements suggested for this exercise are:
Rivers: ammonium-N or BOD;
Lakes: Secchi depth, pH or dissolved oxygen; and,
Transitional and coastal waters: Secchi depth or dissolved oxygen.
These supporting elements also cover a range of pressures and situations: ammonium-N
and BOD reflect organic loading; Secchi depth complements nutrient and BQE
measurements in the assessment of eutrophication. pH and dissolved oxygen are
examples of supporting elements where there is a “two-tailed” response (i.e. both high
and low values can be associated with moderate status or less).
An expert workshop will be convened, to ensure that Member States have opportunities
to influence this work. A likely outcome is a revised version of the statistical tool-kit,
with capabilities that encompass a wider range of pressures.
4.2 Have nutrient standards changed since the previous cycle?
This work is planned for later in 2019
92
4.3 How do these supporting elements influence classifications?
This work is planned for 2020
93
5 References
ETC/ICM (2015). TC biological indicators:data analysis of reporting on types characteristics for
coastal and transitional waters. (EEA activity:1.6.1 f; ETC/ICM task, milestone: 4)
ETC/1CM (2019). Summary note on standards for physico-chemical quality elements reported
by Member States with their 2nd RBMPs (ETC-ICM task 1.5.1.1., subtask 3 Comparability issues)
Lyche Solheim, A., Globevnik, L., Austnes, K., Kristensen, P., Moe, S. J., Persson, J., Phillips, G.,
Poikane, S., van der Bund, W. & Birk, S. (2019). A new broad typology for rivers and lakes in
Europe: Development and application for large-scale environmental assessments. Science of
The Total Environment, 697, 134043. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.134043
Phillips, G., Kelly, M., Teixeira, Salas, F., Free, G., Leujak, W., Pitt, J.-A.., Solheim, A.L., Várbíró, G.
& Poikane (2019). Best practice for establishing nutrient concentrations to support good
ecological status. European Commission Joint Research Centre Science for Policy Report,
Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
94
Annex
Extra information on each supporting element is provided in the charts and tables below.
95
A1 Oxygen
A1.1 Oxygen (lakes)
A1.1.1 Dissolved oxygen concentration (lakes)
Figure A1: Dissolved oxygen standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
96
Table A1 Metrics used by country
10th percentile
5th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
Perc80/m x
summer
winter
BE
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
BG
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
CY
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
ES
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
PL
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
PT
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
RO
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
UK
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
Table A2 Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
3
BG
18
1
ES
1
3
PL
15
1
PT
8
1
RO
15
UK
29
CY
1
Table A3 Number of different standards by country and broad type
BE
BG
CY
ES
PL
PT
RO
UK
Sum
All
0
1
1
1
2
1
0
2
8
LW-00
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
2
7
LW-01
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
LW-02
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
LW-03
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
LW-04
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
LW-06
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
LW-07
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
LW-08
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
3
LW-11
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Sum
3
7
1
2
2
2
7
4
28
97
A1.1.2 Percent oxygen saturation (lakes)
Figure A2: % oxygen saturation standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
98
Table A4 Metrics used by country
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Minimum
Perc80/m x
CZ
0
2
1
0
EE
1
0
0
0
ES
1
0
0
0
IT
1
0
0
0
NL
9
0
0
0
PT
0
0
0
2
SI
1
0
0
0
Table A5 Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
CZ
6
SI
1
EE
1
ES
3
IT
2
NL
449
PT
8
Table A6 Number of different standards by country and broad type
CZ
EE
ES
IT
NL
PT
SI
Sum
All
0
0
1
1
0
2
0
4
LW-00
1
1
0
0
4
0
0
6
LW-03
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
LW-04
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
LW-06
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
LW-07
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
LW-08
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
Sum
3
1
1
1
9
2
1
18
99
A1.2 Oxygen (rivers)
A1.2.1. Dissolved oxygen concentration (rivers)
Figure A3: Dissolved oxygen standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
100
Table A7 Metrics used by country
10th %ile
95th %ile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
Minimum
Perc80/m x
summer
winter
BE
5
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
BG
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
CY
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
CZ
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
ES
0
0
13
9
0
0
0
0
1
FR
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HU
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
LU
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
LV
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
PL
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
PT
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
RO
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SK
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
UK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Table A8: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
10
BG
17
1
CZ
7
ES
94
5
FR
9
LU
4
LV
23
PT
10
RO
55
SK
28
UK
4
CY
1
HU
1
PL
9
101
Table A9: Number of different standards by country and broad type
BE
BG
CY
CZ
ES
FR
HU
LU
LV
PL
PT
RO
SK
UK
Sum
All
1
1
1
0
3
1
0
0
0
8
1
0
0
1
17
RW-00
5
1
0
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
28
RW-01
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
5
RW-04
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
1
2
0
10
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
1
0
5
RW-08
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-09
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-10
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
7
RW-11
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
4
RW-14
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-15
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
4
RW-20
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
Sum
7
9
1
3
23
1
1
3
6
8
2
13
10
1
88
102
A1.2.2 Oxygen saturation (rivers)
Figure A4: % oxygen saturation standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
103
Table A10: Metrics used by country
10th
percentile
90th
percentile
95th
percentile
98th
percentile
AA-
EQS
MAC-
EQS
Perc80/m x
AT
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
EE
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
ES
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
FR
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
HU
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
IT
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
NL
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
PT
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
UK
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
Table A11: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
ES
8
16
FR
9
PT
1
10
UK
38
3
AT
3
EE
3
HU
1
IT
3
NL
245
Table A12: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
EE
ES
FR
HU
IT
NL
PT
UK
Sum
All
0
0
2
1
0
1
0
2
3
9
RW-00
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
2
7
RW-01
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
RW-03
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
RW-04
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
3
RW-10
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Sum
2
2
5
1
1
1
9
3
5
29
104
A1.3 Oxygen (transitional waters)
A1.3.1 Oxygen concentration (transitional waters)
Figure A5. Dissolved oxygen standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
105
Table A13 Metrics used by country
10th percentile
5th percentile
AA-EQS
BE
2
0
0
BG
0
0
5
ES
0
0
3
FR
1
0
0
PL
0
0
2
RO
0
0
2
UK
0
2
0
Table A14 Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
2
BG
5
FR
4
UK
16
ES
3
PL
2
RO
2
Table A15 Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BE
BG
ES
FR
PL
RO
UK
Sum
inapplicable
0
5
1
1
1
2
0
10
TW-BT1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
TW-Estuaries
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
TW-NEA11
2
0
1
0
0
0
2
5
Sum
2
5
3
1
2
2
2
17
106
A1.3.2 Oxygen saturation (transitional waters)
Figure A6: % oxygen saturation standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
107
Table A16 Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
ES
0
0
7
NL
0
0
5
PL
0
0
2
PT
1
1
0
RO
0
0
2
Table A17 Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
ES
4
3
NL
4
1
PT
9
PL
2
RO
2
Table A18 Number of different standards by country and common IC type
ES
NL
PL
PT
RO
Sum
inapplicable
2
0
1
1
2
6
TW-BT1
0
0
1
0
0
1
TW-NEA11
5
5
0
1
0
11
Sum
7
5
2
2
2
18
108
A1.4 Oxygen (coastal waters)
A1.4.1 Oxygen concentration (coastal waters)
Figure A7. Dissolved oxygen standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
109
Table A19. Metrics used by country
10th percentile
5th percentile
AA-EQS
autumn
Minimum
spring
summer
winter
BE
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
BG
0
0
0
9
0
9
9
9
CY
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
ES
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
FR
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PL
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
RO
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
UK
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table A20. Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
1
BG
36
ES
3
3
FR
7
UK
18
CY
1
PL
2
RO
2
Table A21. Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BE
BG
CY
ES
FR
PL
RO
UK
Sum
CW-BC5
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
CW-BC7
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
CW-BL1
0
36
0
0
0
0
1
0
37
CW-NEA1/26
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
5
CW-NEA7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
CW-Type_IIA
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIIE
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIIW
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
2
CW-Type_Island-W
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
2
inapplicable
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
2
Sum
1
36
1
4
4
2
2
3
53
110
A1.4.2 Oxygen saturation (coastal waters)
Figure A8. % oxygen saturation standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
111
Table A22. Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
autumn
spring
summer
winter
BG
0
0
0
18
9
18
9
CY
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
ES
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
NL
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
PL
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
PT
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
Table A23. Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BG
54
ES
7
5
NL
9
PT
9
CY
1
PL
2
Table A24. Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BG
CY
ES
NL
PL
PT
Sum
CW-BC5
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
CW-BC7
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
CW-BL1
54
0
0
0
0
0
54
CW-NEA1/26
0
0
5
3
0
1
9
CW-NEA3/4
0
0
0
4
0
0
4
CW-Type_IIA
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
CW-Type_IIIE
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_Island-W
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
inapplicable
0
0
3
2
0
1
6
Sum
54
1
11
9
2
2
79
112
A2 Transparency
A2.1 Seechi depth (lakes)
Figure A9: Secchi disk depth standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
113
Table A25: Metrics used by country
95th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
AT
0
8
0
0
BG
0
7
0
0
CZ
0
5
0
0
EE
0
1
0
0
ES
0
6
1
0
FR
0
0
0
1
HR
0
2
0
0
IT
0
1
0
0
LV
0
5
0
0
NL
0
43
0
0
NO
0
9
0
0
PL
0
4
0
0
PT
1
0
0
0
SI
0
2
0
0
Table A26: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
AT
9
6
BG
18
2
CZ
6
ES
6
5
LV
14
NL
391
NO
23
PL
1
4
PT
1
SI
2
EE
1
FR
9
HR
2
IT
3
114
Table A27: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BG
CZ
EE
ES
FR
HR
IT
LV
NL
NO
PL
PT
SI
Sum
All
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
1
0
0
0
4
0
0
10
LW-00
3
1
2
1
5
0
0
0
1
14
0
0
0
1
28
LW-01
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
LW-02
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
LW-03
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
12
1
0
0
0
18
LW-04
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
8
LW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
LW-06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
1
0
0
0
12
LW-07
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
4
LW-08
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
LW-09
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
LW-11
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
LW-12
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Sum
8
7
5
1
7
1
2
1
5
43
9
4
1
2
96
115
A2.2 Secchi depth (transitional waters)
Figure A10: Secchi disk depth standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red).
116
Table A28: Metrics used by country
95th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
summer
BG
0
4
0
0
ES
0
2
0
0
HR
0
0
1
0
LV
0
0
0
1
PL
0
3
0
0
PT
1
0
0
0
RO
0
2
0
0
Table A29: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BG
4
HR
1
LV
3
PT
1
RO
1
1
ES
3
PL
3
Table A30: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BG
ES
HR
LV
PL
PT
RO
Sum
inapplicable
4
0
0
1
2
1
2
10
TW-BT1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
TW-Estuaries
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
TW-NEA11
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
Sum
4
2
1
1
3
1
2
14
117
A2.3 Secchi depth (coastal waters)
Figure A11: Secchi disk depth standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
118
Table A31: Metrics used by country.
95th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
summer
BG
0
9
0
0
EE
0
2
0
0
ES
0
2
0
0
FI
0
14
0
0
HR
0
0
1
0
LV
0
0
0
4
PL
0
3
0
0
PT
1
0
0
0
RO
0
2
0
0
Table A32: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range.
Country
value
range
FI
22
HR
1
LV
5
PT
1
RO
2
BG
9
EE
2
ES
3
PL
3
119
Table A33: Number of different standards by country and common IC type.
BG
EE
ES
FI
HR
LV
PL
PT
RO
Sum
CW-BC1
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
8
CW-BC3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
CW-BC4
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
CW-BC5
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
3
CW-BC7
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
CW-BC9
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-BL1
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
10
CW-NEA1/26
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIIW
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
inapplicable
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
1
1
6
Sum
9
2
2
14
1
4
3
1
2
38
120
A3 pH
A3.1 pH (lakes)
Figure A12: pH standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
121
Table A34: Metrics used by country
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Minimum
Perc80/m x
winter
AT
5
0
0
0
0
BE
0
3
3
0
0
BG
7
0
0
0
0
CY
1
0
0
0
0
CZ
0
3
2
0
0
EE
1
0
0
0
0
ES
6
5
0
0
0
HU
1
0
0
0
0
NL
0
18
0
0
0
NO
8
0
0
0
0
PT
0
0
0
1
0
RO
0
0
0
0
6
SI
1
0
0
0
0
Table A35: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
CZ
7
ES
2
20
NO
22
RO
15
AT
11
BE
8
BG
30
CY
1
EE
1
HU
1
NL
449
PT
8
SI
1
122
Table A36: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
EE
ES
HU
NL
NO
PT
RO
SI
Sum
All
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
4
LW-00
2
4
1
0
3
1
10
1
8
0
0
1
0
31
LW-01
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
LW-02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
LW-03
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
7
LW-04
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
7
LW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
LW-06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
4
LW-07
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
LW-08
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
LW-09
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
LW-11
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
LW-12
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Sum
5
6
7
1
5
1
11
1
18
8
1
6
1
71
123
A3.2 pH (rivers)
Figure A13: pH standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
124
Table A37: Metrics used by country
10&90th
%ile
10th
%ile
90th
%ile
95th
%ile
AA-
EQS
MAC-
EQS
Median
Min/Jahr -
Max/Jahr
Minimum
Perc80/m x
AT
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BE
0
2
2
0
1
5
0
0
5
0
BG
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
CY
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
CZ
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
0
ES
0
0
0
0
8
6
0
0
0
0
FI
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
FR
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
HU
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
LU
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
NL
0
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
NO
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
PL
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
PT
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
RO
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SK
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
UK
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
Table A38: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
8
11
CZ
11
ES
1
98
FI
61
HR
2
NO
46
PT
1
10
RO
57
UK
4
14
AT
3
BG
33
CY
1
FR
9
HU
1
LU
4
NL
246
PL
9
SK
28
125
Table A39: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
LU
NL
NO
PL
PT
RO
SK
UK
Sum
All
0
2
1
1
0
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
0
3
17
RW-00
1
9
2
0
0
12
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
28
RW-01
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
8
RW-02
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-03
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
RW-04
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
1
2
0
12
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
5
RW-06a
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-06b
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-08
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
RW-09
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-10
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
5
RW-11
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
6
RW-12a
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-12b
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-14
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
4
RW-15
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
4
RW-20
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
Sum
2
15
9
1
7
14
8
1
1
1
3
12
9
5
2
7
8
3
108
126
A4 BOD
A4.1 BOD (rivers)
Figure A14: BOD5 standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
127
Table A40: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
Perc80/m x
AT
10
0
0
0
0
0
BE
3
0
1
0
0
0
BG
0
0
9
0
0
0
CZ
0
0
0
0
3
0
ES
0
0
3
1
0
0
FR
1
0
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
0
2
0
HU
0
0
1
0
0
0
LV
0
0
5
0
0
0
PL
0
0
7
0
0
0
PT
0
0
0
0
0
1
RO
10
0
0
0
0
0
SI
5
0
0
0
0
0
SK
0
12
0
0
0
0
UK
1
0
0
0
0
0
Table A41: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
AT
18
BE
9
BG
17
1
CZ
8
ES
55
FR
9
LV
23
PL
3
6
PT
8
RO
57
SI
6
SK
27
HR
2
HU
1
UK
3
128
Table A42: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BE
BG
CZ
ES
FR
HR
HU
LV
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
UK
Sum
All
0
2
1
0
1
1
2
0
0
7
1
0
0
0
1
16
RW-00
2
2
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
10
RW-01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
RW-04
1
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
3
0
11
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
1
1
0
5
RW-08
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-09
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-10
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
4
0
10
RW-11
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
1
1
0
7
RW-14
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-15
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
6
RW-20
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
Sum
10
4
9
3
4
1
2
1
5
7
1
10
5
12
1
75
129
A5 Ammonium-N
A5.1 Ammonium-N (rivers)
Figure A15: Ammonium N standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
130
Table A43: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
Perc80/m x
BE
4
0
0
0
0
0
BG
0
0
8
0
0
0
CY
0
0
1
0
0
0
CZ
0
0
0
0
5
0
ES
0
0
7
1
0
0
FR
3
0
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
0
2
0
HU
0
0
1
0
0
0
IT
0
0
1
0
0
0
LU
0
0
1
0
0
0
LV
0
0
6
0
0
0
NO
0
0
7
0
0
0
PL
0
0
6
0
0
0
PT
1
0
0
0
0
1
RO
16
0
0
0
0
0
SK
0
11
0
0
0
0
UK
5
0
0
0
0
0
Table A44: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
5
BG
17
CZ
7
ES
56
3
FR
9
LU
2
LV
23
NO
13
PL
3
6
PT
8
1
RO
55
SK
28
UK
36
3
CY
1
HR
2
HU
1
IT
3
131
Table A45: Number of different standards by country and broad type
BE
BG
CY
CZ
ES
FR
HR
HU
IT
LU
LV
NO
PL
PT
RO
SK
UK
Sum
All
2
0
1
0
3
1
2
0
1
1
0
0
6
2
0
0
3
22
RW-00
1
1
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
11
RW-01
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
1
0
6
RW-02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-04
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
3
2
0
12
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
1
0
4
RW-08
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-09
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-10
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
0
6
RW-11
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
2
0
8
RW-12a
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-12b
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-14
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-15
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
4
RW-20
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
Sum
4
8
1
5
8
3
2
1
1
1
6
7
6
2
16
11
5
87
132
A6 Nutrients
A6.1 Nitrate (rivers)
Figure A16: Nitrate as N standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red).
133
Table A46: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
AT
7
0
0
0
0
BE
1
0
0
0
0
BG
0
0
10
0
0
CY
0
0
1
0
0
CZ
0
0
0
0
5
ES
0
0
4
1
0
FR
1
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
0
2
IT
0
0
1
0
0
LU
0
0
1
0
0
LV
0
0
2
0
0
PL
0
0
8
0
0
PT
1
1
1
0
0
RO
15
0
0
0
0
SI
0
0
0
0
7
SK
0
13
0
0
0
Table A47: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
AT
11
BE
4
BG
17
1
CZ
9
ES
57
FR
9
LU
2
LV
7
PL
3
6
PT
9
1
RO
55
SI
8
SK
28
CY
1
HR
2
IT
3
134
Table A48: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
ES
FR
HR
IT
LU
LV
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
Sum
All
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
2
1
1
0
8
2
0
0
0
19
RW-00
2
0
1
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
9
RW-01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
4
RW-04
1
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
3
11
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
4
RW-08
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-09
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-10
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
4
11
RW-11
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
7
RW-14
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-15
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
6
RW-17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
RW-20
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
Sum
7
1
10
1
5
5
1
2
1
1
2
8
3
15
7
13
82
135
A6.2 Nitrate (transitional water)
Figure A17: Nitrate as N standards by country & common IC type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
136
Table A49: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
winter
BG
0
0
5
0
ES
0
0
6
0
LV
0
0
0
1
PL
0
0
2
0
PT
1
1
0
0
RO
0
0
2
0
Table A50: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BG
5
ES
7
1
LV
3
PT
1
8
RO
2
PL
2
Table A51: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BG
ES
LV
PL
PT
RO
Sum
inapplicable
5
0
1
1
1
2
10
TW-BT1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
TW-Estuaries
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
TW-NEA11
0
4
0
0
1
0
5
Sum
5
6
1
2
2
2
18
137
A6.3 Nitrate (coastal water)
Figure A18: Nitrate as N standards by country & common IC type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
138
Table A52: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
AGM_int_c
autumn
spring
summer
winter
BG
0
0
0
0
9
9
9
9
CY
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
ES
0
0
23
0
0
0
0
0
LV
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
PL
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
PT
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
RO
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
SI
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Table A53: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BG
36
ES
24
3
LV
5
PT
7
2
RO
2
SI
1
CY
1
PL
2
Table A54: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BG
CY
ES
LV
PL
PT
RO
SI
Sum
CW-BC4
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
CW-BC5
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
3
CW-BC7
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
CW-BL1
36
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
37
CW-NEA1/26
0
0
9
0
0
2
0
0
11
CW-Type_IIA
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
CW-Type_IIIE
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIIW
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
7
CW-Type_Island-W
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
inapplicable
0
0
4
0
0
1
1
0
6
Sum
36
1
23
4
2
3
2
1
72
139
A6.4 Total nitrogen (lakes)
Figure A19: Nitrate as N standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
140
Table A55: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
BG
0
9
0
ES
0
1
0
FR
2
0
2
HR
0
2
0
HU
0
1
0
PT
0
1
0
RO
6
0
0
Table A56: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BG
18
1
ES
3
FR
7
8
PT
8
RO
12
HR
2
HU
1
Table A57: Number of different standards by country and broad type
BG
ES
FR
HR
HU
PT
RO
Sum
All
1
1
2
2
0
1
0
7
LW-00
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
4
LW-01
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
LW-02
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
LW-03
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
LW-04
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
LW-06
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
LW-08
2
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
LW-11
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Sum
9
1
4
2
1
1
6
24
141
A6.5 Total nitrogen (rivers)
Figure A20: TN standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
142
Table A58: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
summer
BE
1
0
1
0
4
BG
0
0
8
0
0
ES
0
0
1
0
0
FI
0
0
8
0
0
HR
0
0
0
2
0
HU
0
0
1
0
0
LV
0
0
6
0
0
NL
0
0
13
0
0
NO
0
0
21
0
0
PL
0
0
6
0
0
RO
10
0
0
0
0
SK
0
14
0
0
0
Table A59: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
9
BG
17
1
ES
1
FI
61
LV
23
NL
246
NO
75
PL
4
5
RO
55
SK
28
HR
2
HU
1
143
Table A60: Number of different standards by country and broad type
BE
BG
ES
FI
HR
HU
LV
NL
NO
PL
RO
SK
Sum
All
1
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
10
RW-00
3
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
9
RW-01
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
4
0
1
1
12
RW-02
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
RW-03
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
4
RW-04
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
4
0
0
1
5
15
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
1
0
1
1
10
RW-06a
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
RW-06b
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
RW-08
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
RW-09
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
RW-10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
5
RW-11
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
2
5
RW-12a
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
3
RW-12b
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
RW-14
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
RW-15
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
RW-20
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
3
Sum
6
8
1
8
2
1
6
13
21
6
10
14
96
144
A6.6 Total nitrogen (transitional waters)
Figure A21: TN standards by country & common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
145
Table A58: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
AA-EQS
summer
BE
0
0
1
BG
0
5
0
ES
0
1
0
FR
2
0
0
Table A59: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
1
BG
5
ES
1
FR
4
Table A60: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BE
BG
ES
FR
Sum
inapplicable
0
5
1
1
7
TW-CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
0
0
0
1
1
TW-NEA11
1
0
0
0
1
Sum
1
5
1
2
9
146
A6.7 Total nitrogen (coastal waters)
Figure A22: TN standards by country & common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
147
Table A61: Metrics used by country
AA-EQS
DE
9
EE
2
FI
14
Table A62: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
DE
10
6
FI
22
EE
2
Table A63: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
DE
EE
FI
Sum
CW-BC1
0
0
8
8
CW-BC3
0
0
2
2
CW-BC4
0
1
0
1
CW-BC8
1
0
0
1
CW-BC9
0
0
1
1
CW-NEA1/26
1
0
0
1
CW-NEA3/4
2
0
0
2
inapplicable
5
1
3
9
Sum
9
2
14
25
148
A6.8 Total/dissolved inorganic nitrogen (transitional waters)
Figure A23: Total Inorganic N standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
149
Table A64: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
99th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
Regression
winter
BE
0
0
0
0
0
1
FR
2
0
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
3
0
0
IT
0
0
3
0
0
0
NL
0
0
5
0
0
0
PL
0
0
2
0
0
0
UK
0
6
0
0
1
2
Table A65: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
1
FR
4
HR
3
IT
2
5
NL
5
UK
55
PL
2
Table A66: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BE
FR
HR
IT
NL
PL
UK
Sum
inapplicable
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
4
TW-BT1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
TW-CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
TW-Estuaries
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
3
TW-NEA11
1
0
0
0
5
0
9
15
Sum
1
2
3
3
5
2
9
25
150
A6.9 Total/dissolved inorganic nitrogen (coastal waters)
A6.10 Orthophosphate-P (rivers)
151
Figure A25: Orthophosphate standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum
blue, maximum red)
Table A70: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
AT
10
0
0
0
BE
4
0
0
0
BG
0
0
8
0
CY
0
0
1
0
ES
0
0
3
0
FR
1
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
2
HU
0
0
1
0
LU
0
0
1
0
LV
0
0
2
0
PL
0
0
8
0
RO
15
0
0
0
SK
0
11
0
0
UK
0
0
1
0
Table A71: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
AT
23
BE
5
BG
17
1
ES
43
FR
9
LU
2
LV
7
PL
3
6
RO
55
SK
27
CY
1
HR
2
HU
1
UK
3
152
Table A72: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BE
BG
CY
ES
FR
HR
HU
LU
LV
PL
RO
SK
UK
Sum
All
0
2
1
1
0
1
2
0
1
0
8
0
0
1
17
RW-00
10
1
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
16
RW-01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
4
RW-04
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
3
0
8
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
3
RW-08
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-09
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
0
6
RW-11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
1
0
4
RW-12a
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-14
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-15
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
RW-20
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
Sum
10
4
8
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
8
15
11
1
68
153
A6.11 Orthophosphate-P (transitional waters)
Figure A25: Orthophosphate standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
154
Table A73: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
winter
BG
0
5
0
0
FR
2
0
0
0
HR
0
0
1
0
IT
0
2
0
0
LV
0
0
0
1
PL
0
2
0
0
PT
1
0
0
0
RO
0
2
0
0
Table A74: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BG
5
FR
4
IT
6
LV
3
RO
2
HR
1
PL
2
PT
8
Table A75: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BG
FR
HR
IT
LV
PL
PT
RO
Sum
inapplicable
5
1
0
2
1
1
0
2
12
TW-BT1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
TW-CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
TW-Estuaries
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
TW-NEA11
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Sum
5
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
16
155
A6.12 Orthophosphate-P (coastal waters)
Figure A27: Orthophosphate standards by country & common IC type (single value black,
minimum blue, maximum red)
156
Table A76: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
AA-EQS
AGM_int_c
autumn
MAC-EQS
Median
spring
summer
winter
BE
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
BG
0
0
0
9
0
0
9
9
9
CY
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ES
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
LV
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
PL
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PT
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RO
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SI
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table A77: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
1
BG
36
ES
5
3
LV
5
PT
6
2
RO
2
SI
1
CY
1
HR
1
PL
2
Table A78: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BE
BG
CY
ES
HR
LV
PL
PT
RO
SI
Sum
CW-BC4
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
CW-BC5
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
3
CW-BC7
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
CW-BL1
0
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
37
CW-NEA1/26
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
4
CW-Type_IIA
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
CW-Type_IIIE
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIIW
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_Island-W
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
inapplicable
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
Sum
1
36
1
6
1
4
2
2
2
1
56
157
A6.13 Total phosphorus (lakes)
Figure A28: TP standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
158
Table A79: Metrics used by country
95th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
summer
winter
AT
0
9
0
0
0
0
BE
0
0
0
0
5
0
BG
0
7
0
0
0
0
CY
0
1
0
0
0
0
CZ
0
8
0
0
0
0
EE
0
1
0
0
0
0
ES
0
14
4
0
0
0
FI
0
11
0
0
0
0
FR
0
0
0
1
0
0
HR
0
3
0
0
0
0
HU
0
1
0
0
0
0
IT
0
1
0
0
0
0
LV
0
8
0
0
0
0
NL
0
52
0
0
0
0
NO
0
15
0
0
0
0
PL
0
3
0
0
0
0
PT
2
3
0
0
0
0
RO
0
0
0
0
0
13
SI
0
2
0
0
0
0
UK
0
13
0
0
0
0
159
Table A80: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
AT
12
6
BE
6
BG
18
1
CZ
10
ES
24
4
FI
197
HR
2
1
LV
26
NL
445
NO
63
PL
1
4
PT
9
1
RO
15
SI
2
UK
319
3
CY
1
EE
1
FR
9
HU
1
IT
3
Table A81: Number of different standards by country and broad type
AT
BE
BG
CY
CZ
EE
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IT
LV
NL
NO
PL
PT
RO
SI
UK
Sum
All
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
1
14
LW-00
3
2
1
0
3
1
17
5
0
1
1
0
1
27
0
0
0
2
0
3
67
LW-01
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
7
LW-02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
4
8
LW-03
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
7
0
0
0
1
0
3
17
LW-04
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
10
0
0
0
4
0
2
20
LW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
5
LW-06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
8
1
0
0
1
0
0
11
LW-07
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
6
LW-08
2
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
4
2
0
12
LW-09
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
LW-10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
LW-11
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
6
LW-12
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Sum
9
5
7
1
8
1
18
11
1
3
1
1
8
52
15
3
5
13
2
13
177
160
A6.14 Total phosphorus (rivers)
Figure A29: TP standards by country & broad type (single value black, minimum blue, maximum
red)
161
Table A82: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
MAC-EQS
Median
summer
BE
4
0
1
0
0
2
BG
0
0
9
0
0
0
CY
0
0
1
0
0
0
CZ
0
0
0
0
4
0
ES
0
0
6
1
0
0
FI
0
0
9
0
0
0
FR
1
0
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
0
2
0
HU
0
0
1
0
0
0
IT
0
0
1
0
0
0
LU
0
0
1
0
0
0
LV
0
0
6
0
0
0
NL
0
0
11
0
0
0
NO
0
0
18
0
0
0
PL
0
0
6
0
0
0
PT
0
1
4
0
0
0
RO
14
0
0
0
0
0
SI
0
0
0
0
8
0
SK
0
10
0
0
0
0
162
Table A83: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
8
BG
17
1
CZ
10
ES
51
3
FI
70
FR
9
LU
2
LV
23
NL
246
NO
69
PL
3
6
PT
9
1
RO
55
SI
8
SK
28
CY
1
HR
2
HU
1
IT
3
163
Table A84: Number of different standards by country and broad type
BE
BG
CY
CZ
ES
FI
FR
HR
HU
IT
LU
LV
NL
NO
PL
PT
RO
SI
SK
Sum
All
2
1
1
0
2
0
1
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
6
4
0
0
0
21
RW-00
3
1
0
0
5
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
14
RW-01
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
0
1
11
RW-02
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
4
RW-03
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
4
RW-04
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
0
0
3
1
2
15
RW-05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
0
0
0
1
1
1
9
RW-06a
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-06b
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-08
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
5
RW-09
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
3
RW-10
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
3
8
RW-11
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
6
RW-12a
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
4
RW-12b
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
RW-14
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
RW-15
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
5
RW-17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
RW-20
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
4
Sum
7
9
1
4
7
9
1
2
1
1
1
6
11
18
6
5
14
8
10
121
164
A6.15 Total phosphorus (transitional waters)
Figure A30: TP standards by country & common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
165
Table A85: Metrics used by country
90th percentile
95th percentile
AA-EQS
Median
summer
BE
0
0
0
0
1
BG
0
0
5
0
0
ES
0
0
10
0
0
FR
2
0
0
0
0
HR
0
0
0
1
0
PL
0
0
2
0
0
PT
0
1
0
0
0
Table A86: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
BE
1
BG
5
ES
9
2
FR
4
PT
1
HR
1
PL
2
Table A87: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
BE
BG
ES
FR
HR
PL
PT
Sum
inapplicable
0
5
3
1
0
1
1
11
TW-BT1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
TW-CoastalLagoonsPolyeuhaline
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
TW-Estuaries
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
4
TW-NEA11
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
5
Sum
1
5
10
2
1
2
1
22
166
A6.16 Total phosphorus (coastal waters)
Figure A31: TP standards by country & common IC type (single value black, minimum blue,
maximum red)
167
Table A88: Metrics used by country
95th percentile
AA-EQS
AGM_int_c
Median
DE
0
4
0
0
EE
0
2
0
0
ES
0
9
0
0
FI
0
14
0
0
HR
0
0
0
1
PL
0
2
0
0
PT
1
0
0
0
SI
0
0
1
0
Table A89: Number of records where standard was reported as a value or a range
Country
value
range
DE
5
1
ES
11
2
FI
22
PT
1
SI
1
EE
2
HR
1
PL
2
Table A90: Number of different standards by country and common IC type
DE
EE
ES
FI
HR
PL
PT
SI
Sum
CW-BC1
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
8
CW-BC3
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
CW-BC4
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-BC5
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
CW-BC7
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
CW-BC9
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
CW-NEA1/26
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
4
CW-NEA3/4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CW-Type_IIA_Adriatic
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
2
CW-Type_IIIW
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
4
CW-Type_Island-W
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
inapplicable
3
1
0
3
0
0
1
0
8
Sum
4
2
9
14
1
2
1
1
34
