© Whitecap Consulting 2024 82
© Whitecap Consulting 2025 82
The Importance of Transportation
Tourism
Understanding the significance of transport infrastructure in developing a
successful tourism destination is crucial.
A study examined the relationship between transport infrastructure and the
attractiveness of tourist destinations in Marrakech, Morocco, from 2000 to
2018. The researchers selected Marrakech due to its relatively high number of
visitors and recent investments in transport infrastructure. The study revealed
that the number of overnight stays in Marrakech increased from 3,150,000 to
over 8,000,000 between 2000 and August 2019. This growth was largely
attributed to improvements in transport infrastructure. Following each
infrastructure development, researchers observed a rise in passenger traffic,
which was subsequently followed by an increase in overnight stays.[1]
A separate study in China also observed the importance of certain
infrastructure factors with regard to tourism:
•The quality and variety of transport modes significantly impact tourist
flow. The integration of multiple transport modes enhances connectivity
and dedicated tourism transport services improve accessibility.
•Historical data and mapping reveal movement patterns, core attractions,
and future trends. Insights must guide infrastructure development.
•Core attractions ultimately draw tourists, but enabling factors
(infrastructure, services) enhance competitiveness. Strong core
resources sustain attractiveness despite changes in transport.
Transportation is an essential element of a tourist or business destination. Studies have shown how good
transportation networks are related to both tourism growth and business growth.
Business
The Office for Budget Responsibility’s fiscal outlook in 2021 explained the
importance of transport links when comparing infrastructure with enterprise
zones. ‘Experience of enterprise zones around the world points to little
difference in performance between cities with zones and those without, with
stronger determinants of performance being existing infrastructure and
transportation links.” [3]
Infrastructure investment does yield a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) benefit
beyond the direct effect of capital investment. Reduction of transport costs
may itself constitute a competitive advantage, benefitting businesses in a
particular region and leading to agglomeration. Agglomeration leads to:
Reduced supply chain costs, due to proximity lowering transport costs
between firms and final markets. Transport investment can therefore support
this form of agglomeration economies, for example by improving business-to-
business and supply chain connectivity.
Deep labour markets, allow greater specialisation, better matching of firms
and workers, and greater labour market competition. This can also
encourage innovation, entrepreneurship due to access to a wide range of
potential employers.
Knowledge spillovers, whereby innovation spreads quickly between firms and
workers operating in close physical proximity, improving productivity. [4]
[1] The impact of transport
infrastructure on tourism
destination attractiveness, 2020
[2] Evolution of Spatial Structure
of Tourist Flows for a Domestic
Destination, 2023
[3] OBR, 2021
[4]Highways England, 2019