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Arts & Entertainment
There are few faces that you will see
more than Sun Wukong’s in China.
Whether its movies, tv shows, video
games or theater, Sun Wukong, or the
Monkey King, has made many appearanc-
es. You will often see costumed perform-
ers bearing his likeness through many
tourist spots, dancing and swinging their
mighty plastic stas.
One would think a character of such fame
would have quite a story, but the truth
is that Sun Wukong is a decorated side
kick. Journey to the West is about Tang
Sanzang, a devout Buddhist monk who
is tasked by the Buddha to retrieve holy
scriptures from Vulture Peak, a mountain
located somewhere in India. Sanzang
must bring the scriptures back to China,
called the Eastern Han in the novel, and
achieve enlightenment on the way.
Joining him are three monks who must
atone for sins they have committed. The
rst one he meets is the one and only
Sun Wukong, a erce, hotheaded monkey
with many magical powers and unparal-
leled martial skills. The second is Zhu Ba-
jie, a greedy, lazy, but good-hearted man
who looks like a pig. Last, Sanzang meets
Sha Wujing, a stoic ogre, who is the quiet
one of the group. Together, they spend
17 years trekking through China, India,
and many other central Asian countries in
search of holy scriptures. They ght many
demons, escape many kidnappings, and
solve many great riddles.
Luckily, they are assisted along the way
by an all star cast of holy beings, from Lao
Zi, founder of Taoism to Guanyin, the bo-
dhisattva of compassion, who lends her
wisdom and power. There are many oth-
ers who lend a hand to this band on the
monk’s journey to achieve enlightenment.
On their quest, they nd a village that’s in-
habited only by women and a mountain
covered in re among the many other tri-
als they face.
Like many old Chinese novels, Journey to
the West is inspired by true events. Tang
Sanzang is based on the famous Xuan-
zang, a Buddhist monk who lived during
the early times of the Tang Dynasty. Unim-
pressed with the quality of Buddhist scrip-
tures translated to Chinese, Xuanzang
set out to study abroad and bring back
translated texts. Xuanzang left Chang’an
(now Xi’an) in 639 AD, spent the next year
travelling to India, and then the next 13
years in India, studying scriptures. Xuan-
zang returned to Chang’an in 646 AD with
many scriptures and notes. He led the
construction of the Big Wild Goose Pago-
da to store the holy texts. Xuanzang did all
of this while the Emperor Taizong banned
all Chinese citizens from travel. Lucky for
Xuanzang, he returned a hero and was not
charged with any crimes.
The novel version of events is credited
to Wu Cheng’en, although that has been
debated by some scholars. Wu takes Xu-
anzang’s account of events, Great Tang Re-
cords on the Western Regions, and adds
many Chinese folk tales and characters
from famous Chinese myths to make an
epic retelling of Xuanzang’s quest to nd
the scriptures. Much of the novel’s plot
usually breaks down like this: Sanzang is
kidnapped by some evil force, be it a de-
mon or angry spirit. Wukong and friends
must come up with a way to save them.
Wukong and Zhu Bajie argue, then Wu-
kong saves Sanzang, usually with some
Journey to the West
西游记
Article by Malcolm Aquino