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Ques : Jharkhand government inked a contract with which bank related to
employee salaries ?
(a) UCO Bank
(b) Axis Bank
(c) State Bank of India
(d) J&K Bank
(e) Bank of Baroda
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• SBI and the Jharkhand government inked a contract related to employee salaries.
• In the presence of CM Hemant Soren, the bank and the finance department signed
the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).
• According to the deal, state government employees with pay accounts with SBI will
receive a number of advantages, such as health insurance, life insurance, and
accidental insurance coverage of up to Rs 1 crore, at no additional cost.
• In Jharkhand, SBI runs about 2,600 Customer Service Points (CSPs), 1,260 ATMs,
and 580 branches.
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Ques: What is the name of India's first index fund offering exposure to the BSE
Internet Economy Index, launched by Edelweiss Mutual Fund in 2025?
(a) Edelweiss Digital Innovation Fund
(b) Edelweiss BSE Internet Economy Index Fund
(c) Edelweiss New Age Technology Fund
(d) Edelweiss Internet Leaders Fund
(e) Edelweiss Tech Growth Fund
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Edelweiss Mutual Fund launched the Edelweiss BSE Internet Economy Index Fund,
India’s first index fund focusing on the BSE Internet Economy Index.
• Investors can invest a minimum of Rs.100 and in multiples of Rs.1 thereafter.
• Bhavesh Jain and Bharat Lohoti are the fund managers.
• The new fund offer or NFO of the scheme will open for subscription between April
25 and May 9.
• The fund covers 11 sub-industries like e-retail, fintech, e-learning, and digital
entertainment.
About Edelweiss Mutual Fund :
• Established : 1995
• HQ : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman & CEO : Rashesh Shah
Ques: In FY 2024–25, how much cargo movement did the Inland Waterways
Authority of India (IWAI) achieve, marking a record high?
(a) 100 million tonnes
(b) 120 million tonnes
(c) 145.5 million tonnes
(d) 200 million tonnes
(e) 180 million tonnes
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Based in Noida, Uttar Pradesh The Financial Year (FY) 2024–2025 saw a record-
breaking freight movement of 145.5 million tons, according to the Inland Waterways
Authority of India (IWAI).
• Cargo movement grew from 18.1 million tonnes in FY 2013–14 to 145.5 million
tonnes, with a CAGR of 20.86%.
• India’s inland waterways network expanded from 5 to 111 National Waterways after
the National Waterways Act, 2016. At the same time, NWs' operational length
expanded from 2,716 km in 2014–15 to 4,894 km in 2023–2024.
• Under Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision, India aims to raise Inland Water Transport (IWT)
modal share to 5% and traffic to 200+ MMT by 2030 and 500+ MMT by 2047.
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Ques : Where was the 6th edition of India Steel 2025 held?
(a) Chennai
(b) Kochi
(c) Mumbai
(d) Goa
(e) Kolkata
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The sixth India Steel 2025 edition, which is taking place in Mumbai, Maharashtra,
was virtually opened by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.In 2013, the inaugural India
Steel expo and conference was held.
• The Federation of India Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) and the Union
Ministry of Steel collaborated to organize the India Steel exhibition and conference.
• "Shaping the Future of Steel: Driving Capacity Augmentation, Sustainability,
Digitalization, and Downstream Applications" was the Theme for India Steel 2025.
Ques: Which organization received the Udyog Vikas Award for its contribution to
industrial development in Kerala in 2025?
(a) Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA)
(b) National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (NICDC)
(c) Industrial Extension Bureau (iNDEXTb)
(d) Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation (KSIDC)
(e) Make in India Foundation
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (NICDC) received the
prestigious Udyog Vikas Award at the Udyog Vikas event in Kerala.
• NICDC’s transformational project, the Palakkad Integrated Manufacturing Cluster
(IMC), spanning 1,710 acres, aims to boost industrial infrastructure in Kerala and
South India.
• It offers excellent road, rail, and air connectivity, promoting investments,
employment, and innovation.
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Ques: Who was awarded the Lata Deenanath Mangeshkar Puraskar 2025 for his
visionary leadership in shaping India's growth story?
(a) Sunil Shetty
(b) Sachin Pilgaonkar
(c) Kumar Mangalam Birla
(d) N Rajam
(e) Sonali Kulkarni
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chairman of the Aditya Birla Group and a Padma Bhushan
awardee, received the Lata Deenanath Mangeshkar Puraskar 2025 for his pivotal
contribution to India’s economic growth.
• Other honourees at the event included Sunil Shetty, Shraddha Kapoor, Sachin
Pilgaonkar, Sonali Kulkarni, and violinist Dr. N Rajam.
• The award ceremony was held in Mumbai on the occasion of the 83rd Memorial Day
of Pandit Deenanath Mangeshkar.
• The award was instituted in 2022 in memory of the legendary singer Lata
Mangeshkar.
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Ques: Which student film from Satyajit Ray Film & Television Institute (SRFTI) has
been officially selected for the La Cinef section at the 78th Festival de Cannes 2025?
(a) Echoes of Silence
(b) A Doll Made Up of Clay
(c) Whispering Winds
(d) Footprints of Time
(e) Beyond the Horizon
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• "A Doll Made Up of Clay," a 23-minute experimental student film from Satyajit Ray
Film & Television Institute (SRFTI), was selected for the La Cinef section at the 78th
Festival de Cannes 2025.
• Directed by Kokob Gebrehaweria Tesfay (Ethiopia) and produced by Sahil Manoj
Ingle (India), the film showcases a young Nigerian athlete's emotional journey of
displacement, injury, and cultural reconnection in India.
Ques : Where was the second edition of SUFALAM (Start-Up Forum for Aspiring
Leaders and Mentors) 2025 held?
(a) Delhi
(b) Mumbai
(c) Sonipat
(d) Bengaluru
(e) Jaipur
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The 2nd SUFALAM (Start-Up Forum for Aspiring Leaders and Mentors) 2025 was
held on the campus of the National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship,
and Management (NIFTEM) at Kundli, Sonipat, Haryana.
• On April 25, 2025, Chirag Paswan, the Union Minister for Food Processing Industries,
officially opened the second edition of SUFALAM 2025.
• India's food processing industry is to be strengthened by the SUFALAM conference
through cooperation, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
• On February 13–14, 2024, SUFALAM hosted its inaugural edition in New Delhi.
About National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship, and Management
(NIFTEM) :
• Established : by the Union Ministry of Food Processing in 2012 at Kundli, Sonepat,
Haryana
• It was recognised as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India
in 2021
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Ques: Who became the first Indian woman to successfully cross the North Channel
in 2025?
(a) Sayani Das
(b) Bhakti Sharma
(c) Anita Sood
(d) Aarti Saha
(e) Shivani Kataria
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• Sayani Das became the first Indian woman to conquer the North Channel,
completing the 38 km swim between Northern Ireland and Scotland in 13 hours and
22 minutes.
• This swim is her fifth open-water channel, and she is on a mission to complete the
Oceans Seven challenge, which comprises the toughest open-water swims
worldwide.
• To prepare, Sayani trained in 13°C water conditions, enduring ice baths with 20-30
kg of ice daily.
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Ques: How many awards did Akashvani win at the India Audio Summit and Awards
2025?
(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 7
(e) 8
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
At the India Audio Summit and trophies 2025, Akashvani took home six trophies in
different categories. Last night, the third edition of the awards, which honor
excellence in the creation of audio and radio programming, took place in Mumbai.
Some notable recognitions include:
• ‘Nai Soch Nai Kahani – A Radio Journey with Smriti Irani’ won Series of the Year.
• ‘Chhayageet’ won Best Late Night Show.
• ‘Ujale Unki Yadon Ke’ won Best Celebrity Show on Air.
• ‘Safarcast’ won Best Travel Show.
• Award for Best Interstitial was also won by Akashvani.
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Ques : What is the health cover amount provided by the Ayushman Vay Vandana
Cards scheme?
(a) Rs.2 Lakh
(b) Rs.3 Lakh
(c) Rs.4 Lakh
(d) Rs.5 Lakh
(e) Rs.6 Lakh
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• The Ayushman Vay Vandana Cards for Delhiites were introduced in New Delhi by
Union Minister for Petroleum and Natural Gas Hardeep Singh Puri and Delhi Chief
Minister Rekha Gupta.
• Regardless of socioeconomic background, the program offers all senior adults 70
years of age and older free health coverage of 5 lakh rupees.
• Seniors who are 70 years of age or more and who come from households that are
currently covered by AB PM-JAY are eligible for an extra top-up coverage of up to 5
lakh rupees annually.
Ques: Who led the Indian delegation at the BRICS Labour & Employment Ministers’
Meeting held under Brazil’s Presidency in Brasília?
(a) Bhupender Yadav
(b) Sushri Shobha Karandlaje
(c) Anurag Thakur
(d) Rameswar Teli
(e) Smriti Irani
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, Union Minister of State for Labour & Employment, led
the Indian delegation at the BRICS Labour & Employment Ministers’ Meeting held in
Brasília under Brazil’s Presidency.
• The meeting focused on two major themes: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Future
of Work and The Impacts of Climate Change on the World of Work and a Just
Transition.
• India highlighted its achievements in GHG emissions reduction and reiterated its
commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070.
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Ques : Which Indian Cricketer become second Indian batter after Virat Kohli to
achieve the feat of scoring 12,000 T20 runs ?
(a) Rohit Sharma
(b) Virat Kohli
(c) Jasprit Bumrah
(d) Shubman Gill
(e) Mohammed Siraj
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• In the match between the Mumbai Indians and Sunrisers Hyderabad, Rohit Sharma,
the team's opener, made history.
• After Virat Kohli, he was the only other Indian hitter to reach the milestone of
12,000 T20 runs.
• Additionally, he scored more than 12,000 T20 runs, making him the ninth batter
overall.
Top 5 Players to score 12000 runs or more in T20s :
1 Chris Gayle 14562 runs (463 matches)
2 Alex Hales 13610 runs (494 matches)
3 Shoaib Malik 13571 runs (557 matches)
4 Kieron Pollard 13537 runs (695 matches)
5 Virat Kohli 13208 runs (407 matches)
8 Rohit Sharma 12013* runs (456 matches)
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Ques: The Ministry of Cooperation signed an MoU with which e-commerce platform
in 2025 to promote cooperative dairy and organic products?
(a) Amazon India
(b) Flipkart
(c) Swiggy Instamart
(d) BigBasket
(e) JioMart
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Cooperation signed an MoU with Swiggy Instamart to onboard
Bharat Organics and other cooperative dairy products onto Swiggy’s e-commerce
and q-commerce platforms.
• The initiative focuses on marketing, promotion, consumer technology, and capacity
building for cooperative brands.
• The collaboration aligns with the United Nations’ declaration of 2025 as the
International Year of Cooperation.
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Ques: Which country topped the medal tally at the Asian Yogasana Sport
Championship 2025 held in Delhi?
(a) Japan
(b) Mongolia
(c) India
(d) Nepal
(e) Uzbekistan
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• At the Asian Yogasana Sport Championship in Delhi, India put up a strong show,
winning a record 83 gold medals to lead the medal count.
• The hosts finished with 87 medals, much ahead of Japan, which took home three
gold, three silver, and four bronze. They also won three silver and one bronze.
• Nepal, Oman, and Mongolia completed the top five rankings.
• More than 21 nations competed in the tournament, including Uzbekistan, Nepal, and
Sri Lanka.
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Ques : World Penguin Day is celebrated every year on which day ?
(a) 23 April
(b) 24 April
(c) 25 April
(d) 26 April
(e) 27 April
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• In order to increase awareness of the need to conserve penguins and their natural
habitats, World Penguin Day is observed annually on April 25.
• The goal of this unique day is to increase public awareness of penguins, the cute,
flightless birds that are primarily found in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly
Antarctica.
• Penguins are more than simply adorable creatures from cartoons or movies; they
are vital to our ecology and face numerous difficulties as a result of human activity
and climate change.
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Ques : World Intellectual Property Day is celebrated every year on which day ?
(a) 23 April
(b) 24 April
(c) 25 April
(d) 26 April
(e) 27 April
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• In order to emphasize the value of intellectual property (IP), such as patents,
copyrights, trademarks, and designs, in fostering innovation and creativity, World
Intellectual Property Day is observed annually on April 26.
• Theme 2025: Music and IP: Experience the Pulse of IP
• The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) created the day in 2000. On
this date, April 26, 1970, the WIPO Convention went into effect.
Ques : World Day for Safety and Health at Work is observed every year on which day
?
l
(a) 25 April
(b) 26 April
(c) 27 April
(d) 28 April
(e) 29 April
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• Every year on April 28, the World Day for Safety and Health at Work is held to raise
awareness of the need to prevent occupational illnesses and accidents.
• Theme 2025 – Revolutionising Health and Safety: The Role of AI and Digitalisation at
Work
• In addition to highlighting initiatives to lower work-related diseases, injuries, and
fatalities, the day is observed globally to increase awareness of the significance of
establishing safe and healthy workplaces.
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Renowned Indian filmmaker Jitendra Mishra Appointed as President of the UNESCO-
supported International Centre of Films for Children and Young People (CIFEJ) - Hq -
Athens, Greece for 2025–2027. His Present position is Festival Director of Smile
International Film Festival for Children and Youth (SIFFCY)
At New Delhi's Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, the 2nd Asian Yogasana Championships
got underway. More than 170 athletes from 21 Asian nations will compete in the
three-day Yogasana Bharat event, along with a number of technical authorities, team
managers, and coaches.
Capital India Finance Limited (CIFL) shares are now listed on the National Stock
Exchange (NSE). Previously, their shares were available only on the Bombay Stock
Exchange (BSE). Capital India Corp Private Limited holds 72.95% of CIFL’s equity.
Chairperson of Bharti Enterprises, Sunil Bharti Mittal, has been included in the World
Bank’s Private Sector Investment Lab initiative.
CSIR-IMMT signed two Joint Declarations of Intent (JDIs) with Russian institutions—
JSC Giredmet (Rosatom) and NUST MISIS—to boost collaboration in critical mineral
research and sustainable resource development.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Which co-operative bank had its license revoked by the Reserve Bank of India
in 2025 due to insufficient capital and growth potential?
(a) Ajantha Urban Co-operative Bank
(b) Imperial Urban Co-operative Bank
(c) Punjab & Maharashtra Co-operative Bank
(d) Saraswat Co-operative Bank
(e) Abhyudaya Co-operative Bank
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) revoked the license of Imperial Urban Co-operative
Bank, located in Jalandhar, in 2025.
• The bank failed to comply with Sections 11(1), 22(3)(d), and 56 of the Banking
Regulation Act, 1949 due to insufficient capital and poor earnings potential.
• 97.79% of depositors are eligible to receive their full deposit amount from DICGC
(Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation).
Ques : Which company topped the list of CSR spenders among listed firms in FY
2023-24?
A) Reliance Industries
B) ONGC
C) HDFC Bank
D) TCS
E) ICICI Bank
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• As per data from PRIME Database, listed companies in India spent a total of
Rs.17,967 crore on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in FY 2023-24, marking a
16% increase over the previous year’s figure of Rs.15,524 crore.
• The rise is attributed to an 18% increase in average net profits of these companies,
which directly affects their mandatory CSR allocations.
• HDFC Bank led the CSR spending with Rs.945.31 crore, followed by Reliance
Industries (Rs.900 Cr) and TCS (Rs.827 Cr).
• The top sectors receiving CSR funds were Education (Rs.1,104 Cr) and Healthcare
(Rs.720 Cr), along with areas like skill development, national heritage, armed forces
welfare, and environmental conservation.
• This reflects how profit growth in corporate India is translating into greater social
investment, in line with the CSR mandate under the Companies Act, 2013.
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Ques : 6th Joint Group of Customs (JGC) Meeting held between India and which
country ?
A) Sri Lanka
B) Bangladesh
C) Nepal
D) Bhutan
E) Maldives
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• In Thimphu, Bhutan, the 6th Joint Group of Customs (JGC) Meeting between India
and Bhutan took place.
• Mr. Sonam Jamtsho, Director General, Department of Revenue and Customs,
Ministry of Finance, Royal Government of Bhutan, and Mr. Surjit Bhujabal, Special
Secretary and Member (Customs), CBIC, Government of India, co-chaired the
meeting.
• Approximately 80% of Bhutan's total commerce relies on India, making it the
country's biggest export and import partner. Since Bhutan is a landlocked nation,
trade with it through land customs stations is important.
Ques: What was the growth rate of India’s Index of Industrial Production (IIP) in
March 2025?
(a) 2.5%
(b) 3.0%
(c) 2.9%
(d) 3.5%
(e) 4.2%
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• India’s Index of Industrial Production (IIP) grew by 3.0% in March 2025, as compared
to 2.9% in February 2025.
• The Quick Estimates placed the IIP value at 164.8 for March 2025, up from 160.0 in
March 2024.
• The Electricity sector showed the highest growth at 6.3%, followed by
Manufacturing (3.0%) and Mining (0.4%).
• Based on factory-supplied data, the IIP Quick Estimates will now be issued on the
28th of each month (instead of the 12th), and they will be updated in subsequent
updates in accordance with the IIP revision policy.
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:Ques : Which state has received approval for India's first integrated PM MITRA
Textile Park with Rs.2,100 crore funding?
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) Madhya Pradesh
(e) Rajasthan
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The Union Ministry of Textiles approved a Rs.2,100 crore investment for a PM
MITRA (Pradhan Mantri Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel) Park in Madhya
Pradesh.
• This will be India’s first integrated textile park under the PM MITRA scheme,
launched to modernize and integrate the textile value chain.
• The initiative aligns with the Prime Minister’s 5F vision: Farm → Fibre → Factory →
Fashion → Foreign.
• The total scheme outlay at the national level is Rs.4,445 crore, and parks have been
allocated to seven states: Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya
Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra.
• The park will offer plug-and-play infrastructure, promote large-scale employment,
boost exports, and make Indian textile manufacturing globally competitive.
:Ques : Under which Act has the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) been
brought as per the April 2025 notification?
A) Information Technology Act
B) Indian Penal Code
C) Cyber Security Act
D) Prevention of Money Laundering Act
E) National Cybersecurity Framework
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) has been officially brought under
the ambit of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) through a notification
dated April 25, 2025.
• This step has been taken by the Revenue Department, Ministry of Finance under
Section 66 of the PMLA.
• The move enables I4C to share and receive critical information with the
Enforcement Directorate (ED), especially for tracking money trails in cyber frauds.
• With this inclusion, India strengthens its anti-money laundering framework,
particularly in the context of rapidly increasing cybercrimes and digital frauds
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Ques: What is the name of the Indian Air Force’s major military exercise simulating
strikes on ground and mountain targets using advanced fighter jets?
(a) Vayu Shakti
(b) Aakraman
(c) Garuda
(d) Vajra Prahar
(e) Gagan Shakti
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Exercise "Aakraman," a significant military exercise, was carried out by the Indian Air
Force (IAF) to simulate strikes on both ground and mountain targets.
• Using India's most cutting-edge fighter jets, such as the Su-30MKI and Rafale, the
exercise sought to evaluate and improve the IAF's performance in challenging
combat situations.
• Two Rafales squadrons are operated by the IAF; one is stationed at Ambala Air Base,
and the other is in West Bengal.
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Ques: Who was awarded Fiji’s highest civilian honour, the ‘Companion of the Order
of Fiji’, in 2025 for contributions to healthcare?
(a) Kailash Satyarthi
(b) Madhusudan Sai
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Devi Shetty
(e) Raghunath Mashelkar
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Karnataka-based humanitarian Madhusudan Sai was awarded Fiji’s highest civilian
honour, the ‘Companion of the Order of Fiji’, in 2025.
• He was recognized for establishing the Sri Sathya Sai Sanjeevani Children’s Hospital
in Fiji, benefiting healthcare in Fiji and the Pacific region.
• Past Indian recipients include PM Narendra Modi and President Droupadi Murmu,
reflecting the award’s prestige.
Ques: Who became the youngest centurion in IPL history in 2025, scoring 101 runs
off just 38 balls?
(a) Yashasvi Jaiswal
(b) Shubman Gill
(c) Vaibhav Suryavanshi
(d) Riyan Parag
(e) Tilak Varma
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• With a scorching 101 runs off 38 balls for the Rajasthan Royals against the Gujarat
Titans, Vaibhav Suryavanshi became the youngest century in IPL history at the age of
just 14 years and 32 days.
• He was named Player of the Match for his performance, which enabled the
Rajasthan Royals to chase down 210 runs in just 15.5 overs and win by a commanding
eight wickets.
• In addition, it is the fastest century by an Indian, breaking Yusuf Pathan's record of
37 deliveries, and the second-fastest century in the tournament, only surpassed by
Chris Gayle, who achieved it in 30 deliveries.
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Ques: Who won the men’s title at the TCS World 10K Bengaluru 2025?
(a) Jacob Kiplimo
(b) Joshua Cheptegei
(c) Eliud Kipchoge
(d) Mo Farah
(e) Geoffrey Kamworor
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• At the TCS World 10K Bengaluru 2025, Joshua Cheptegei of Uganda won the men's
race, and Sarah Chelangat of Uganda won the women's.
• The 5,000- and 10,000-meter world records holder, Cheptegei, won in Bengaluru
with a strong showing.
• Bengaluru, Karnataka, hosted the $2,10,000 TCS World 10K Bengaluru 2025 prize
money. The World Athletics Label Road Races included the Bengaluru race. The
organization that oversees athletics worldwide is called World Athletics.
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Ques : What is the central theme of the Bharat Pavilion at WAVES 2025?
A) India as a Digital Superpower
B) Voices of the Future
C) Kala to Code
D) Storytelling Beyond Borders
E) India @75: Global Voice
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The World Audio Visual and Entertainment Summit (WAVES) 2025 is being held in
Mumbai from 1 to 4 May 2025, with a special focus on India’s storytelling tradition.
• A major highlight is the launch of the Bharat Pavilion, themed “Kala to Code”, which
showcases India’s evolution from traditional art forms to modern digital storytelling.
• The event is organized by the Government of India in collaboration with the WAVES
India platform, with registration available at wavesindia.org.
• The initiative promotes Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (the world is one family),
encouraging cultural diplomacy, technological innovation, and global collaboration.
The pavilion includes four immersive storytelling zones:
• Shruti: Focused on audio narratives like Vedic chants, classical music, folk ballads,
and radio.
• Kriti: Chronicles the evolution of written storytelling from cave engravings to digital
literature.
• Drishti: Showcases visual storytelling through puppetry, theatre, cinema, and digital
media.
• Creator’s Leap: Explores future-facing storytelling using AI, VR, and other emerging
technologies.
Ques: Who among the following Indian business leaders was recently included in the
World Bank’s Private Sector Investment Lab initiative in 2025?
(a) Ratan Tata
(b) Gautam Adani
(c) Sunil Bharti Mittal
(d) Mukesh Ambani
(e) Natarajan Chandrasekaran
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairperson of Bharti Enterprises, has been inducted into the
World Bank’s Private Sector Investment Lab in 2025.
• He joins other global leaders such as Bill Anderson (Bayer AG), Aliko Dangote
(Dangote Group), and Mark Hoplamazian (Hyatt Hotels).
• Bharti Enterprises becomes the second Indian company to be included in the Lab
after Tata Sons.
• The Private Sector Investment Lab meeting is held twice a year.
About the Private Sector Investment Lab :
• Launched in : 2023
• Initiative of : World Bank and leading private sector enterprises worldwide
• Headed by : Shriti Vadera, Chairman of the British insurance multinational giant
Prudential plc
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Ques : Which state ranked first in India’s textile exports in FY25?
(a) Karnataka
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) West Bengal
(e) Kerala
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Tamil Nadu has ranked 1st in textile exports for FY2024-25, contributing $7.997
billion, which is 26.81% of India’s total textile exports.
• It was followed by Gujarat ($5.646 billion), Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and
Karnataka.
• A major factor behind Tamil Nadu’s lead is the Tiruppur textile cluster, which alone
accounted for $4.69 billion in exports.
• Other contributing factors include strong logistics, skilled labor, and rising global
demand for knitwear.
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Ques: Which Indian pair won the mixed doubles title at the WTT Contender Tunis
2025?
(a) Sathiyan Gnanasekaran & Manika Batra
(b) Manush Shah & Diya Chitale
(c) Harmeet Desai & Ayhika Mukherjee
(d) Sharath Kamal & Sreeja Akula
(e) Sudhanshu Grover & Reeth Rishya
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Manush Shah and Diya Chitale won the mixed doubles title at WTT Contender Tunis
2025.
• They became the second Indian pair to win a WTT Contender mixed title since 2021,
following Manika Batra and Sathiyan Gnanasekaran’s win at WTT Contender
Budapest 2021.
• The event was held at Salle Omnisport de Rades, Tunis, Tunisia, with USD 1 lakh
prize money.
lQues : Which country has won the bid to host the 10th edition of the FIFA Women’s
World Cup 2027 ?
a) South Africa
b) United States
c) India
d) Kenya
e) Brazil
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• Brazil earned the most votes at the FIFA Congress, which was held in Bangkok,
Thailand, and will host the 10th FIFA Women's World Cup in 2027.
• The FIFA Women's World Cup is being hosted by a South American nation for the
first time.
• In 2023, Australia and New Zealand co-hosted the FIFA Women's World Cup for the
ninth time. It was won by Spain, defeating England in the final.
• Football powerhouse Brazil had previously hosted the FIFA Men’s World Cup in
1950 and 2014.
• Brazil beat the joint bid of Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany
• 32 teams, including the host country, will participate in the 10th edition of the FIFA
Women’s World Cup 2027.
About the FIFA Women’s World Cup :
• Founded : 1991
• Number of teams : 32
• Most successful : United States (4 titles)
• Current champion : Spain (1st title) (2023)
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Ques : In which state is the Strawberry Festival being hosted on May 2 and 3, 2025?
(a) Assam
(b) Meghalaya
(c) Tripura
(d) Manipur
(e) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• The Strawberry Festival will be held in the state of Meghalaya on May 2 and 3, 2025.
• The event will take place in three rural locations: Syntung (East Khasi Hills), Sohliya
(Ri-Bhoi), and Darechigre (West Garo Hills).
• Its aim is to promote agro-tourism, support rural livelihoods, and provide visitors a
cultural and recreational experience.
• A special highlight is the opportunity for visitors to pick strawberries fresh from the
farms, offering an immersive experience in local farming practices and culture.
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Ques : World Veterinary Day is celebrated annually on which day ?
(a) Last Saturday of April
(b) Last Sunday of April
(c) Last Monday of April
(d) Last Tuesday of April
(e) Last Wednesday of April
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• Every year on the final Saturday in April, World Veterinary Day is observed; this
year, it was observed on April 26.
• The day celebrates the important roles that veterinarians and the larger veterinary
community play in advancing public safety, animal welfare, and health.
• Theme 2025 – Animal Health Takes a Team
• The World Veterinary Association (WVA) created the day in 2000 to recognize the
critical roles that veterinarians and the larger veterinary community play in
advancing public safety, animal welfare, and health.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the India
Semiconductor Mission (ISM) in 2025?
(a) Sushil Pal
(b) Amitesh Kumar Sinha
(c) Rajeev Chandrasekhar
(d) Anil Agrawal
(e) Ashwini Vaishnaw
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Amitesh Kumar Sinha has been named the India Semiconductor Mission's (ISM) new
Chief Executive Officer. He will take Sushil Pal's seat.
• To encourage semiconductor manufacturing and innovation domestically, the
Indian government launched the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM).
• India hopes to bolster its aspirations to become a global center for semiconductor
design and manufacture with Sinha's appointment.
Ques : Which is the first Indian company to receive government support to build an
indigenous AI model under the IndiaAI Mission?
A) OpenAI India
B) Infosys AI
C) Tech Mahindra AI
D) Bharat GPT
E) Sarvam AI
Answer : Option E:
Explanation :
• Sarvam AI, a Bengaluru-based startup founded in mid-2023, has become the first
Indian firm to receive government support for building a homegrown Large Language
Model (LLM).
• The support comes under the IndiaAI Mission, with allocations announced during
the launch of the Electronics Component Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS).
• Sarvam AI has been granted access to a pool of 14,000 GPUs, out of which 400
GPUs are reserved for its model training, along with government-curated datasets
from "AI Kosh".
• The LLM being developed is intended to support Indian languages, secure
deployment, and advanced capabilities like voice input and logical reasoning.
• Union IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw unveiled this initiative, emphasizing the push
for AI sovereignty and digital public infrastructure.
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Ques: Which Indian filmmaker has been appointed to the jury of the 78th Cannes
Film Festival in 2025?
(a) Mira Nair
(b) Payal Kapadia
(c) Zoya Akhtar
(d) Rima Das
(e) Kiran Rao
Answer: Option B:
Explanation:
• Payal Kapadia, an acclaimed Indian filmmaker, has been appointed as a jury
member at the 78th Cannes Film Festival 2025.
• She gained international recognition for her film "A Night of Knowing Nothing",
known for its unique blend of personal and political themes.
• Her appointment highlights the rising global stature of Indian independent cinema.
Ques : International Dance Day is celebrated every year on which day ?
(a) 25 April
(b) 26 April
(c) 27 April
(d) 28 April
(e) 29 April
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• Established in 1982 by the International Theatre Institute (ITI), UNESCO's primary
partner for the performing arts, International Dance Day is observed annually on
April 29.
• Jean-Georges Noverre (1727–1810), a French dancer and ballet master who is
credited with founding modern ballet, was born on this date.
• Through events and performances around the world, the goal is to highlight dance
as a universal art form, dismantle political and cultural barriers, and encourage
dance participation and education.
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NSE International Exchange (NSE IX) at GIFT City appointed Neeraj Kumar Gupta
(Retd. IAS) as its Chairman and Public Interest Director, after approval by the
International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA).
Stacie Sire Appointed as Vice President and Managing Director (VP & MD) of the
Boeing India Engineering & Technology Center (BIETC). She Replaced Ahmed
Elsherbini
United States Vice President JD Vance receives Guard of Honour at Palam Airport,
New Delhi.
Home Credit India has appointed Vivek Singh as its new Chief Executive Officer
(CEO), strengthening its leadership team to drive the next phase of growth.
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) & Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical
Sciences & Technology (SCTIMST) Signed MoU for the ‘Framework Memorandum of
Understanding(MoU) on Cooperation in Space Medicine’
Book Beyond the Courtroom: Reflections on Law, Constitution, and Nationhood
Authored by Fali Sam Nariman and Published by Hay House Publishers India Private
Limited
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques : According to FM Sitharaman, what is the target number of daily UPI
transactions NPCI must achieve in the next 2–3 years?
A. 50 crore
B. 125 crore
C. 150 crore
D. 75 crore
E. 100 crore
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has asked NPCI to set a goal of 100 crore UPI
transactions per day in the next 2–3 years.
• This is nearly double the current daily average of 53–63 crore.
• The goal supports internationalisation, better scalability, security, and user
confidence in the UPI system.
FY25 Stats at a Glance :
• Total Value : Rs.261 lakh crore
• Users : ~45 crore
• Growth Rate : 30% in value, 42% in volume YoY
Ques: What was the gross GST collection recorded in April 2025, marking a 12.6%
YoY growth?
A) Rs.2.1 lakh crore
B) Rs.2.29 lakh crore
C) Rs.2.37 lakh crore
D) Rs.1.94 lakh crore
E) Rs.1.68 lakh crore
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• April 2025 witnessed record GST collections of Rs.2.37 lakh crore, showing 12.6%
year-on-year growth, making it the highest ever monthly collection.
• Factors behind the surge include strong domestic demand, increased imports, year-
end compliance, and 20.2% rise in e-way bill generation.
• Domestic GST: Rs.1.94 lakh crore; Import GST: Rs.46,913 crore
• Refunds up 48% and average monthly gross GST for FY25 rose to Rs.1.92 lakh crore,
compared to Rs.1.68 lakh crore in FY24.
• Central GST: Rs.48,634 crore, State GST: Rs.59,372 crore, IGST: Rs.1.15 lakh crore
and Cess: Rs.13,451 crore
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Ques : Which of the following RBI surveys focuses on rural and semi-urban
households' perceptions of the economy?
A. IESH
B. UCCS
C. RCCS
D. CMIE Survey
E. PMI Index
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• RBI has launched three important surveys in May 2025 to collect inputs for future
monetary policy decisions.
• These include the Inflation Expectations Survey of Households (IESH), Urban
Consumer Confidence Survey (UCCS), and Rural Consumer Confidence Survey
(RCCS).
• RCCS specifically focuses on rural and semi-urban households, covering 31
states/UTs, and collects data on employment, income, inflation perception, and
spending habits.
• These surveys provide qualitative insights that help the RBI assess public sentiment
and set interest rates and other monetary policy measures accordingly.
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Ques : According to the new mapping method, what is the revised length of India’s
coastline?
A) 7,561.60 km
B) 8,987.00 km
C) 9,890.50 km
D) 11,098.81 km
E) 10,150.00 km
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• India’s coastline has been officially revised to 11,098.81 km, up from 7,561.60 km,
following a detailed re-mapping exercise.
• The increase of 3,537.21 km (about 50%) is due to the use of the fractal mapping
method, which captures every curve, bay, and offshore island.
• The Union Shipping Ministry approved this revision after a decade of review and
consultation.
• The technical mapping scale was changed from 1:250,000 to 1:25,000, offering
higher accuracy.
• A total of 1,298 islands (1,059 islands + 239 islets) were included, enhancing
precision in measuring India's coastal geography.
Ques : Under the newly launched Gyan Post service, what is the maximum weight
limit for book packets?
A. 2 kg
B. 3 kg
C. 4 kg
D. 5 kg
E. 6 kg
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• India Post has launched a new service called ‘Gyan Post’ starting May 1, 2025, to
enable affordable and trackable delivery of educational, cultural, and religious
books.
• The service is designed to reach remote and rural areas, ensuring access to learning
materials regardless of economic status.
• Only non-commercial printed material (no ads or business content) is allowed, and
the printer or publisher’s name must be mentioned.
• Delivery will use surface transport, keeping it cost-effective, with rates ranging from
Rs.20 (up to 300g) to Rs.100 (up to 5kg).
• The maximum weight limit per packet is 5 kg, and tracking is available for all
shipments.
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Ques : As per April 2025 data, what was Russia's share in India’s crude oil imports?
A. 30%
B. 35%
C. 40%
D. 25%
E. 45%
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Russia’s share in India’s crude oil imports reached 40% in April 2025, the highest
since May 2023, despite ongoing US sanctions.
• India imported 1.92 million barrels/day from Russia, driven by discounted Free on
Board (FOB) rates compared to West Asian and African oil.
• The data is based on global energy analytics firm Kpler.
• Other major suppliers included Iraq (1.02 mn bpd), Saudi Arabia (0.56 mn bpd),
Nigeria, and the US.
• India’s total crude oil imports ranged between 5.2 to 5.3 million barrels/day in April
2025.
• Experts expect stable Russian supplies unless stricter sanctions are imposed,
though Saudi Arabia and the US may regain share via new collaborations.
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Ques : Which city has issued India’s first certified Green Municipal Bond for funding
a Tertiary Sewage Treatment Plant?
a) Jaipur
b) Lucknow
c) New Delhi
d) Varanasi
e) Ghaziabad
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• Ghaziabad is the first Indian city to issue a Certified Green Municipal Bond, raising
Rs.150 crore to fund a Tertiary Sewage Treatment Plant (TSTP).
• This project is backed by the Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban and supported by
both central and Uttar Pradesh governments.
• The plant will treat 40 million litres per day (MLD) of wastewater using membrane
filtration technologies like RO, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nano filtration.
• It will serve 1,400+ industrial units, ensuring wastewater reuse and reducing
reliance on freshwater, promoting sustainable urban infrastructure
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Ques : According to SIPRI, what was India’s global rank in military expenditure in
2024?
A. 3rd
B. 5th
C. 7th
D. 9th
E. 2nd
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• India’s military expenditure in 2024 reached $86.1 billion, making it nearly 9 times
higher than Pakistan’s $10.2 billion, according to SIPRI.
• The data was published by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
(SIPRI), a renowned Swedish think tank.
• India ranked 5th globally in military spending, following the USA, China, Russia, and
Germany.
• Rising geopolitical tensions, including incidents like the Pahalgam terror attack,
contributed to the increased defense budget.
Top global spenders in 2024:
1) USA – $1,635 billion
2) China – $341 billion
3) Russia – $149 billion
4) Germany
5) India – $86.1 billion
• In contrast, Pakistan ranked 35th, spending $10.2 billion, while Ukraine spent $64.7
billion, the highest relative to GDP (34%).
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Ques: Which two states will be connected by the newly approved Greenfield NH-06
high-speed corridor with Rs.22,864 crore investment?
A. Assam & Nagaland
B. Meghalaya & Mizoram
C. Meghalaya & Assam
D. Tripura & Manipur
E. Arunachal Pradesh & Assam
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has approved the construction of a
166.80 km Greenfield NH-06 high-speed corridor under the Hybrid Annuity Mode
(HAM).
• It connects Mawlyngkhung (Shillong, Meghalaya) with Panchgram (Silchar, Assam).
• The corridor aims to improve connectivity from Guwahati to Silchar and enhance
access to Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, and the Barak Valley.
• Total investment : Rs.22,864 crore (including land acquisition and civil
construction).
• It will generate an estimated 74 lakh direct and 93 lakh indirect man-days of
employment and boost tourism and logistics.
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Ques : Which endangered turtle species was reintroduced into the Ganga River in
April 2025 after three decades?
A. Indian Softshell Turtle
B. Red-Crowned Roofed Turtle
C. Indian Flapshell Turtle
D. Tricarinate Hill Turtle
E. Brown Roofed Turtle
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• The Red-Crowned Roofed Turtle (Batagur kachuga), classified as critically
endangered, was reintroduced into the Ganga River on April 26, 2025, after being
absent from the main river channel for over 30 years.
• This initiative is part of the Namami Gange Mission and was led by the TSAFI Project,
Garhaita Turtle Conservation Center, and National Chambal Sanctuary, with support
from Haiderpur Wetland.
• A total of 20 turtles were released — 10 in the Haiderpur Wetland and 10 directly
into the Ganga, each equipped with ultrasonic tracking devices to monitor their
movement.
• The goal is to restore turtle biodiversity in the river ecosystem and study migration
and survival strategies.
• The Haiderpur Wetland, which connects with the Ganga during monsoon, will allow
for natural migration, and the turtles will be monitored for the next two years.
Ques : Which agency is responsible for implementing the 5th Marine Fisheries
Census launched by the Government of India?
A. NITI Aayog
B. ICAR
C. CMFRI
D. FSSAI
E. NABARD
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Government of India has launched the 5th Marine Fisheries Census along with a
dedicated mobile app for data collection.
• It will cover 1.2 million fisher households across 9 coastal states.
• The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) is the nodal agency
implementing the census.
• The purpose is to gather updated and accurate data to aid planning, policy-making,
and sustainable fisheries development.
• The census will help assess marine resources, infrastructure needs, and
socioeconomic conditions of coastal fishing communities.
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Ques : How many Amazon satellites were launched aboard the Atlas V rocket under
Project Kuiper?
A. 10
B. 15
C. 27
D. 50
E. 3200
Answer : Option C
Explanation
• Amazon launched 27 internet satellites on April 29, 2025, as part of its Project
Kuiper initiative, which aims to offer affordable global broadband and compete with
SpaceX’s Starlink network.
• The satellites were carried aboard the Atlas V rocket launched from Cape Canaveral
by United Launch Alliance (ULA).
• These satellites will orbit at around 630 km (approx. 400 miles) altitude.
• This follows Amazon’s earlier launch of 2 test satellites in 2023.
• To reduce reflection and support astronomical observation, the satellites are
coated with mirror film.
• Eventually, Amazon plans to launch over 3,200 satellites globally.
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Ques: What is the new Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) of sugarcane for the 2025–
26 season as approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs?
A) Rs.340
B) Rs.345
C) Rs.355
D) Rs.360
E) Rs.329.05
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) increased the FRP of sugarcane
by Rs.15 to Rs.355 per quintal for the 2025–26 sugar season, effective from October
1, 2025.
• The FRP is based on a 10.25% recovery rate, with adjustments of Rs.3.46/quintal for
every 0.1% variation above or below.
• If the recovery falls below 9.5%, a minimum Rs.329.05/quintal is assured.
• The hike aims to protect farmers amid a decline in sugar output and boost
sugarcane cultivation.
• The cost of production is Rs.173/quintal, so the new FRP is 105.2% above cost.
Gunjan Soni has been appointed as the new Country Managing Director for YouTube
India. She replaces Ishan Chatterjee, who joined JioCinema in October 2024.
Anant Ambani, the youngest son of Mukesh Ambani, has been appointed as Executive
Director of Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL). His 5-year tenure officially begins on May 1,
2025
The Philippines officially launched its Digital Nomad Visa (DNV) on April 24, 2025,
under Executive Order 86, signed by President Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr. It
places the Philippines alongside Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, which already
offer similar visa options in Southeast Asia.
The National Manufacturing Mission, announced in Union Budget 2024–25, will be
shaped by an inter-ministerial committee. The committee is chaired by NITI Aayog
CEO BVR Subrahmanyam
Khunying Patama Leeswadtrakul of Thailand Appointed as President of the
Badminton World Federation (BWF) for the term 2025-2029 during 86th BWF Annual
General Meeting (AGM) held in Xiamen, China. He Replaced Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen of
Denmark
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
Ques : Which financial services company partnered with NPCI to launch the
National Common Mobility Cards (NCMC) enabled Rupay cards ?
(a) Airtel Payments Bank
(b) Jio Financial Services
(c) FINO Payments Bank
(d) Paytm Payments Bank
(e) Jio Payments Bank
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and Airtel Payments Bank, a
division of Bharti Airtel, have teamed together to introduce Rupay cards that are
compatible with National Common Mobility Cards (NCMC).
• The "One Nation, One Card" concept of the Government of India (GoI), which seeks
to offer smooth and compatible digital payments throughout India, is supported by
this effort.
About Airtel Payments Bank :
• Established : 23 November 2016
• HQ : New Delhi
• MD & CEO : Anubrata Biswas
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Ques: Which subsidiary of Mobikwik received RBI's approval to operate as an Online
Payment Aggregator?
(a) PayZapp
(b) Zaak ePayment Services
(c) BharatPay
(d) PhoneZaak
(e) eZaak Solutions
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Zaak ePayment Services, a wholly owned subsidiary of Mobikwik, received final
approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to operate as an Online Payment
Aggregator.
• This approval is granted under the Payment Aggregator framework that RBI has
implemented for securing and regulating digital payments.
• The move will help in promoting merchant payment services and offer a faster,
more secure payment experience for users.
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Ques: What is Bandhan 2.0, launched by Axis Max Life Insurance Limited in 2025?
A. A digital claims settlement tool
B. A customer chatbot for insurance queries
C. An AI-enabled AR platform for onboarding
D. A policy comparison mobile app
E. A financial literacy portal for rural India
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Bandhan 2.0 is an AI-enabled Augmented Reality (AR) platform launched by Axis
Max Life Insurance Limited in 2025.
• It is designed to transform the onboarding process for new hires through immersive
storytelling, interactive gamification, and real-time leadership engagement.
• The platform is available in English and Hindi and can be accessed via both mobile
and desktop devices.
• It aims to enhance employee experience and integration into the company culture
from day one.
About Axis Max Life Insurance :
• Established : 2001
• HQ : New Delhi
• Chairman : Rajiv Anand
Ques: From which date has the RBI mandated the use of the PRAVAAH portal for all
applications for regulatory authorisations, licences, and approvals?
(a) 1 March 2025
(b) 1 April 2025
(c) 1 May 2025
(d) 1 June 2025
(e) 1 July 2025
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced that starting 1st May 2025, all banks,
financial companies, and regulated entities must use the PRAVAAH portal for
submitting applications related to regulatory authorisations, licences, and approvals.
• PRAVAAH stands for Platform for Regulatory Application, Validation And
AutHorisation.
• It is a centralised, secure web-based portal launched in May 2024 to streamline and
digitise communication with the RBI.
• So far, the portal has handled nearly 4,000 applications/requests, reflecting its
early adoption and effectiveness.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago in
2025, marking a political comeback?
(a) Paula-Mae Weekes
(b) Kamla Persad-Bissessar
(c) Christine Kangaloo
(d) Carolyn Seepersad-Bachan
(e) Marlene McDonald
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Kamla Persad-Bissessar, leader of the United National Congress (UNC), has been
appointed as the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago in 2025.
• She replaced Stuart Young.
• At 73 years old, this marks a comeback for Persad-Bissessar, who previously served
as Prime Minister from 2010 to 2015.
• She remains the only woman to have held the Prime Minister’s office in Trinidad and
Tobago.
• Her victory marks a significant return to leadership in the Caribbean nation.
Ques: Bihar recently set two Guinness World Records (GWR). One was for the
world’s largest Madhubani painting. What was the other record for?
(a) Largest yoga session
(b) Longest folk dance performance
(c) Largest singing bowl ensemble
(d) Biggest human chain for environment
(e) Longest painting marathon
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Bihar earned two Guinness World Records:
• World’s largest Madhubani painting: Measuring 18.69 sqm (201.17 sqft), created by
50 women led by Padma Shri Bauaa Devi as a tribute to Padma Shri Jagdamba Devi.
It was created over 50 continuous hours at the Madhubani Painting Institution and
will be unveiled at the Khelo India Youth Games on May 4, 2025.
• Largest Singing Bowl Ensemble: 375 Buddhist monks, aged 5 to 70, performed at
Bodh Gaya, Bihar, setting a record for the largest singing bowl performance.
The event was organised by the Bihar State Sports Authority (BSSA). CM Nitish
Kumar received the certificates from GWR officials at Patliputra Sports Complex,
Patna.
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Ques: Which Indian badminton players received the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna
Award on 1st May 2025?
(a) Lakshya Sen and Kidambi Srikanth
(b) Satwiksairaj Rankireddy and Chirag Shetty
(c) PV Sindhu and HS Prannoy
(d) Saina Nehwal and Parupalli Kashyap
(e) B. Sai Praneeth and Chirag Shetty
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Satwik-Chirag received the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award on 1st May 2025
in New Delhi, presented by Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Youth Affairs
& Sports.
• They were shortlisted in 2023 after becoming World No. 1 in BWF rankings and
winning gold at the 2023 Asian Games in Hangzhou.
• They couldn’t attend the ceremony earlier due to tournament schedules.
• Currently ranked World No. 11, they are the first Indian men’s doubles pair to reach
the top spot in world badminton.
• Dr. Mandaviya lauded their achievements as a source of national pride and sporting
excellence.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the President of the Badminton World Federation
(BWF) for the 2025–2029 term?
(a) Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen
(b) Etienne Thobois
(c) Richard Perot
(d) Khunying Patama Leeswadtrakul
(e) Atsuko Taka
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Khunying Patama Leeswadtrakul of Thailand was appointed as the President of BWF
for the 2025–2029 term. She replaces Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen of Denmark.
• She was elected during the 86th BWF AGM held in Xiamen, China.
• Etienne Thobois of France has been appointed as Deputy President-elect.
• Richard Perot of France has been appointed as Vice President for Para Badminton.
• Leeswadtrakul is the second woman to serve as President of BWF.
Ques: Which organisation has been granted income tax exemption under clause
(46A) of Section 10 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, starting from AY 2024–25?
(a) Central Pollution Control Board
(b) National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG)
(c) National Water Development Agency
(d) Ganga Flood Control Commission
(e) Inland Waterways Authority of India
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has granted income tax exemption to the
National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) under clause (46A) of Section 10 of the
Income Tax Act, 1961.
• This exemption is applicable starting from the Assessment Year (AY) 2024–25.
• NMCG, based in New Delhi, operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti and is the
implementing agency of the Namami Gange Programme (NGP).
• This status helps in ensuring tax-free operations to aid the Ganga river rejuvenation
efforts.
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Ques: India renewed an energy cooperation pact with which country in 2025 to
achieve net-zero emissions by 2070?
A) Germany
B) Sweden
C) Norway
D) Denmark
E) Finland
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• India renewed its energy cooperation pact with Denmark in 2025.
• The initial Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed in June 2020, and this
agreement extends their collaboration towards achieving net-zero emissions by
2070.
• The pact continues bilateral efforts in clean energy, sustainability, and technology
transfer.
• Future plans include long-term cooperation in renewable energy, energy efficiency,
and green hydrogen.
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Ques: Which city is the focus of Rs.58,000 crore infrastructure projects recently
restarted by PM Modi?
A) Vishakhapatnam
B) Amaravati
C) Vijayawada
D) Guntur
E) Tirupati
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• PM Modi restarted infrastructure projects worth Rs.58,000 crore in Amaravati,
Andhra Pradesh, focusing on the completion of unfinished projects from 2015.
• The projects include capital city institutions, highways, railway upgrades, and
defence installations.
• Andhra CM N. Chandrababu Naidu and Deputy CM Pawan Kalyan joined the event,
emphasizing the need for socio-economic empowerment of farmers, women, youth,
and the poor.
Future Plans are :
• Rs.9,000 crore allocated for railway projects.
• Missile Testing Range established in Nagayalanka (Krishna district).
• Amaravati will be developed as a hub for IT, green energy, education, and clean
industries. Focus on linking rivers and completing the Polavaram Project.
Ques: Which two premier film institutes in India were recently granted "Deemed to
be University" status by the Union Education Ministry?
(a) National School of Drama and FTII
(b) FTII Pune and SRFTI Kolkata
(c) IIMC Delhi and NSD
(d) NFAI and SRFTI Kolkata
(e) Jamia Millia Islamia and FTII Pune
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), Pune and the Satyajit Ray Film and
Television Institute (SRFTI), Kolkata have been notified as Institutions Deemed to be
Universities under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956.
• This status allows them to offer doctoral, research, and innovative academic
programmes beyond diploma courses.
• They must meet criteria such as staying in the top 200 of NIRF rankings for three
years and maintaining a minimum accreditation score of 3.01.
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Ques: What is the name of India’s largest indigenously developed electric rope
shovel handed over by BEML to Northern Coalfields Ltd?
(a) BRS15
(b) BRS18
(c) BRS21
(d) ERS20
(e) BMS22
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• BEML (Bharat Earth Movers Limited) has developed and handed over the BRS21,
India's largest indigenously developed electric rope shovel, to Northern Coalfields
Ltd, a subsidiary of Coal India.
• BRS21 weighs 720 tonnes and is equipped with a 21 cubic metre bottom dump
bucket, making it suitable for large-scale open cast mining.
• It was developed in just 24 months, reflecting India’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat mission
to enhance self-reliant manufacturing capabilities.
• This milestone is a testament to BEML’s engineering excellence and supports the
move toward sustainable, high-capacity mining solutions.
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Ques: Which multilateral military exercise will India join for the first time in 2025
alongside the US, Australia, and Japan?
A) Malabar Exercise
B) Talisman Sabre
C) RIMPAC
D) Cobra Gold
E) Indo-Pacific Shield
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• India is set to join the Talisman Sabre 2025 military drill for the first time. This
exercise is a biennial event
• It aims to enhance strategic cooperation and defense collaboration in the Indo-
Pacific region
• The 2025 edition marks the eleventh iteration of Talisman Sabre, a military exercise
jointly developed by Australia and the United States.
• Dubbed the ‘Olympics of military exercises’, Talisman Sabre provides armed forces
to carry out complex operations across land, air, sea, cyber, and space domains.
Ques: Which Indian airport received the Platinum Recognition, the highest honour,
under the Green Airports Recognition 2025 (9th Edition)?
(a) Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru
(b) Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad
(c) Hubballi Airport, Karnataka
(d) Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi
(e) Mangalore International Airport
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Hubballi Airport in Karnataka was honoured with Platinum Recognition, the highest
honour under the Green Airports Recognition 2025 (9th Edition).
• The award was presented by the Airports Council International (ACI) Asia-Pacific
and Middle East.
• It was given during the ACI Regional Assembly held in New Delhi.
• The recognition was for outstanding efforts in the “Sustainable Energy at Airports”
category.
• The award was received by Rajesh Nilkanth Shinde, Executive Director (Technical).
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LQues: India recently signed an MoU with Nepal to develop cross-border power
transmission infrastructure. Which two entities signed this agreement?
(a) NTPC & NEA
(b) NHPC & NEA
(c) Power Grid & NEA
(d) REC Ltd & Nepal Power Authority
(e) SJVNL & NEA
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• India and Nepal signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to build cross-
border power transmission infrastructure for better electricity cooperation.
• The MoU was signed during the visit of Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar to
Nepal.
• It will help in evacuation of power from Nepal to India.
• The MoU was signed between Power Grid Corporation of India Limited and Nepal
Electricity Authority (NEA).
• During his visit, the minister also visited the Arun 3 Hydropower Project and
inaugurated electromechanical works.
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Ques: Which initiative has been launched by Intel India and IndiaAI Mission to
enhance AI capabilities and skill development across India?
(a) DigitalIndiaAI
(b) StartupAI
(c) YuvaAI
(d) IndiaAI Mission
(e) Bhashini
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Intel India and IndiaAI Mission have launched a joint initiative to enhance AI
capabilities and skill development across India.
• Future plans focus on developing AI technologies to meet local and global needs,
strengthening AI literacy and workforce across India, and promoting innovation and
inclusion, especially in rural and underdeveloped areas.
The initiative includes four key programs:
• YuvaAI: Training youth in AI.
• StartupAI: Supporting AI-based startups.
• IndiaAI Dialogues: Promoting discussions and policymaking for AI.
• Bhashini: Bridging language barriers to enable digital access in remote areas.
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Ques: Which DRDO unit successfully conducted a 1,000-second ground test of an
Active Cooled Scramjet Subscale Combustor in 2025?
(a) Research Centre Imarat (RCI), Hyderabad
(b) Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL), Hyderabad
(c) Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE), Bengaluru
(d) Advanced Systems Laboratory (ASL), Hyderabad
(e) Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE), Bengaluru
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL), a unit of DRDO based in
Hyderabad, successfully conducted a 1,000-second ground test of an Active Cooled
Scramjet Subscale Combustor.
• The test was conducted at its newly established Scramjet Connect Test Facility
(SCPT).
• This marked a significant milestone in India’s Hypersonic Cruise Missile
Development Programme, following an earlier 120-second test in January 2025.
• Hypersonic Cruise Missiles (HCMs) fly at speeds exceeding Mach 5 (>6,100 km/h)
and are powered by air-breathing scramjet engines using supersonic combustion.
The Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA), operating under the
Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India, has partnered with Kotak
Mahindra Bank Limited (KMBL)
‘All We Imagine As Light’ director Payal Kapadia receives French honour ‘Officier
dans l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres’ (Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters) at
French Consulate in Mumbai
Tejpaul Bhatia, an executive of Indian origin Appointed as Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) of Texas based Axiom Space Inc.. He Replaced Dr. Kam Ghaffarian
Barcelona defeated Real Madrid 3-2 in a thrilling Copa del Rey final at Estadio de La
Cartuja, winning a record-extending 32nd Spanish Cup title.
Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India & Indian Institute of Management
Kozhikode (IIM Kozhikode) Partners to improve the quality and impact of
performance audits
Australia launched the world’s largest electric-powered catamaran, named Hull 096.
The 130-metre long vessel can carry 2,100 passengers and is powered by more than
250 tonnes of batteries.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques : Why did RBI impose a monetary penalty of Rs.29.60 lakh on Axis Bank
Limited in April 2025?
A) Delay in credit card statement dispatch
B) Violation of priority sector lending norms
C) Unauthorised operation of internal/office accounts
D) Improper KYC verification
E) Non-reporting of cyber frauds
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• RBI imposed a monetary penalty of Rs.29.60 lakh on Axis Bank Limited on April 29,
2025, for violating regulatory guidelines under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
• The penalty was imposed due to unauthorised operations and unrelated entries in
internal/office accounts.
• The action was based on findings from an inspection of the bank’s financial position
as of March 31, 2024 (ISE 2024).
• Relevant legal provisions invoked: Section 47A(1)(c) and 46(4)(i) of the Banking
Regulation Act, 1949.
• RBI clarified that the penalty pertains solely to regulatory compliance issues and
does not question the validity of customer transactions or agreements.
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Ques : As per the RBI update on May 2, 2025, what percentage of Rs.2000 banknotes
issued as of May 19, 2023, have been returned to the banking system?
A) 74.12%
B) 88.10%
C) 91.76%
D) 98.24%
E) 100%
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• RBI announced the withdrawal of Rs.2000 denomination banknotes on May 19,
2023, with the last date for depositing or exchanging them at banks being October
07, 2023.
• As of April 30, 2025, Rs.6,266 crore worth of Rs.2000 notes remain in circulation,
which is about 8.24% of the total value originally issued.
• 91.76% of the Rs.2000 notes have been returned to the banking system.
• The Rs.2000 banknotes continue to be legal tender, and their withdrawal process
remains in place.
• The exchange of Rs.2000 notes is still available through 19 RBI Issue Offices and
India Post.
Ques: Who resigned as the MD & CEO of IndusInd Bank following internal
investigation findings?
(a) Uday Kotak
(b) Sandeep Bakhshi
(c) Sumant Kathpalia
(d) Amitabh Chaudhry
(e) Shyam Srinivasan
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Sumant Kathpalia has resigned as the Managing Director and Chief Executive
Officer (MD & CEO) of IndusInd Bank.
• The resignation followed findings from an internal investigation and an external
audit by Grant Thornton, revealing discrepancies in the derivatives portfolio.
• These lapses resulted in a cumulative loss of nearly Rs.1979 crore to the bank.
About IndusInd Bank :
• Established : 1994
• HQ : Pune
• Tagline : We Make You Feel Richer
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Ques : Why did RBI impose a monetary penalty of Rs.31.80 lakh on IDBI Bank
Limited in April 2025?
A) Charging excess interest in KCC accounts
B) Delayed reporting of NPA
C) KYC norms violation
D) Non-submission of audit reports
E) Misuse of digital lending apps
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• RBI imposed a monetary penalty of Rs.31.80 lakh on IDBI Bank Limited on April 30,
2025, for non-compliance with regulatory directions.
• The penalty was levied for charging excess interest on short-term agricultural loans
under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Interest Subvention Scheme.
• Findings were based on the bank’s financial position as of March 31, 2023, during
the Statutory Inspection for Supervisory Evaluation.
• Relevant legal provisions: Section 47A(1)(c) and 46(4)(i) of the Banking Regulation
Act, 1949.
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Ques : What is the minimum amount required to start a Digital Gold SIP weekly as
per Aditya Birla Capital Digital’s latest launch?
A) Rs.10
B) Rs.50
C) Rs.100
D) Rs.500
E) Rs.1000
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• Aditya Birla Capital Digital Limited (ABCDL) launched a Digital Gold SIP facility on
its ABCD mobile app in May 2025.
• Investors can start weekly SIPs from Rs.50 and monthly SIPs from Rs.100, making it
highly accessible.
• The initiative enables systematic investment in digital gold, promoting disciplined
savings among users through a trusted fintech platform.
• This launch aligns with the broader trend of digitizing gold investments and
integrating them with retail financial services.
Ques : Why did RBI impose a penalty of ₹31.80 lakh on Bank of Maharashtra in April
2025?
A) Delay in crediting interest
B) Violation of Priority Sector Lending norms
C) Non-compliance with KYC guidelines
D) Providing incentives for insurance sales
E) Misreporting of financial statements
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• RBI imposed a monetary penalty of Rs.31.80 lakh on Bank of Maharashtra on April
30, 2025, for non-compliance with regulatory KYC norms.
• The bank opened several deposit accounts using Aadhaar OTP-based e-KYC without
face-to-face verification, violating RBI’s prescribed customer identification
procedures.
• Findings were based on the bank’s financial position as of March 31, 2024, under the
ISE 2024 (Inspection for Supervisory Evaluation).
• Legal provisions invoked: Sections 47A(1)(c), 46(4)(i), and 51(1) of the Banking
Regulation Act, 1949.
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Ques : Who has been appointed as the new Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of
India in April 2025?
A) Dr. Urjit Patel
B) Dr. Poonam Gupta
C) Dr. Viral Acharya
D) Dr. Shaktikanta Das
E) Dr. Nirmala Banerjee
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• Dr. Poonam Gupta has been appointed as the Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank
of India (RBI) on April 2, 2025.
• Her tenure will be for 3 years or until further orders, whichever comes first.
• Dr. Gupta previously served as the Director General of the National Council of
Applied Economic Research (NCAER).
• Her career also includes associations with prestigious institutions like the
International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, University of Maryland, Indian
Statistical Institute (ISI), Delhi, and the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
(NIPFP).
• She is also the co-editor of the book “Emerging Giants: China and India in the World
Economy” and has authored several research papers.
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Ques : Which of the following was NOT a reason for RBI's penalty on ICICI Bank in
April 2025?
A) Failure to report cyber incident timely
B) Not implementing KYC norms
C) No alert software for certain accounts
D) Charging late fees without sending credit card bills
E) Excess interest charged on KCC accounts
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• RBI imposed a monetary penalty of Rs.97.80 lakh on ICICI Bank Ltd. on April 29,
2025, for non-compliance with regulatory directions.
• The violations included failure to report a cybersecurity incident in time, lack of
proper alert systems for certain accounts, and charging late fees without sending
credit card statements.
• Relevant provisions invoked: Section 47A(1)(c) and 46(4)(i) of the Banking Regulation
Act, 1949.
• The findings were based on an inspection of ICICI Bank's operations as of March 31,
2023 (ISE 2023).
• RBI clarified that the penalty is strictly for regulatory compliance failures and does
not impact the validity of customer transactions or agreements with the bank.
Ques : How much monetary penalty did RBI impose on Bank of Baroda in April 2025?
A) Rs.51.50 lakh
B) Rs.75.00 lakh
C) Rs.45.20 lakh
D) Rs.61.40 lakh
E) Rs.69.90 lakh
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• RBI imposed a monetary penalty of Rs.61.40 lakh on Bank of Baroda on April 29,
2025, for non-compliance with directions related to financial services, customer
service, and deposit interest rates.
• The bank failed to ensure that its employees did not receive non-cash incentives
from an insurance company and did not credit interest on inactive/suspended
savings accounts at regular intervals.
• Findings were based on the bank’s financial position as of March 31, 2023, under ISE
2023 (Inspection for Supervisory Evaluation).
• Legal provisions invoked: Sections 47A(1)(c), 46(4)(i), and 51(1) of the Banking
Regulation Act, 1949.
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Ques: Who launched the "AI Kiran" initiative to mentor and support Indian women
in Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
(a) Roshni Nadar Malhotra
(b) Kirthiga Reddy
(c) Nivruti Rai
(d) Debjani Ghosh
(e) Aruna Jayanthi
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Kirthiga Reddy, the first employee and former Managing Director of Facebook India
(now Meta), launched the AI Kiran initiative.
• The program aims to connect, mentor, fund, and certify Indian women in AI, with a
strong focus on healthcare, education, and sustainability.
• This initiative seeks to empower women and increase their participation in India's
growing AI ecosystem
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the Chairperson of the India Electronics and
Semiconductor Association (IESA) for the financial year 2025–26?
(a) Rajeev Khushu
(b) Navin Bishnoi
(c) Ruchir Dixit
(d) Sanjeev Keskar
(e) Ashok Chandak
Answer : Option C
Explanation:
• Ruchir Dixit has been appointed as the Chairperson of India Electronics and
Semiconductor Association (IESA) for the financial year 2025–26, taking leadership of
the electronics system design and manufacturing sector.
• Six new members have joined the Executive Council.
• Continuing members include Navin Bishnoi (Vice Chairperson), Rajeev Khushu,
Sanjeev Keskar (Treasurer), Veerappan VV (Advisor), and Ashok Chandak (President).
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Ques: In the 2025 Special 301 Report, which list has the United States retained India
on due to concerns over intellectual property rights?
(a) Watch List
(b) Observation List
(c) Intellectual Violation List
(d) Priority Watch List
(e) Restricted Trade List
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Due to its inability to adequately and effectively safeguard and enforce intellectual
property (IP) rights on American goods and services, the United States has kept India
in the Priority Watch List category of the 2025 Special 301 list.
• 26 of the United States of America's trading partners, including India, were
designated as nations of concern due to insufficient protection of the intellectual
property rights of American goods and services.
• Every year, the US Congress must receive a report from the Office of the US Trade
Representative (USTR) detailing the state of intellectual property rights protection
for US goods abroad.
• The USTR looked into the nations that were on the Priority Watch List and Watch
List in accordance with Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974.
• China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Russia, and Venezuela are among
the nations on the Priority Watch list.
• Algeria, Egypt, Barbados, Belarus, Paraguay, Turkey, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria,
Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Pakistan, Peru, Thailand, Trinidad and
Tobago, and Vietnam are among the nations on the Watch list.
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Ques : What is the name of the new portal launched by the Government of India for
real-time monitoring of food storage depots?
A) FoodSecure
B) Bharat Storage Net
C) Depot Darpan
D) Grain Watch
E) Suraksha Store
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Government of India will launch “Depot Darpan”, a real-time monitoring portal
for food storage depots, on May 20, 2025.
• Developed by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, it will
cover over 2,278 warehouses including FCI, CWC, and other state/private agencies.
• The portal aims to ensure quality, safety, and operational efficiency in food grain
storage for the benefit of 80 crore+ people.
• Key features include geo-tagged uploads, AI-based bag counting, ANPR vehicle
tracking, facial recognition access, and IoT sensors for fire, gas, and humidity
monitoring.
• Each depot will receive a star rating based on infrastructure quality, stock turnover,
loss management, and compliance.
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:Ques: Who has been appointed as the head of the reconstituted National Security
Advisory Board (NSAB)?
(a) Lt General AK Singh
(b) Alok Joshi
(c) B. Venkatesh Varma
(d) Rajiv Ranjan Verma
(e) Air Marshal PM Sinha
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The National Security Advisory Board (NSAB) has been reconstituted by the
Government of India following the terror attack in Pahalgam, Kashmir, which claimed
26 lives.
• Alok Joshi, the former chief of the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), has been
appointed as the new head of the NSAB.
• Other notable members include high-ranking former officials from the Army, Navy,
Air Force, IPS, and IFS, such as Air Marshal PM Sinha, Lt Gen AK Singh, Rear Admiral
Monty Khanna, and B. Venkatesh Varma.
Ques: Under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM), how many
supercomputers have been deployed across India as announced by MeitY?
(a) 24
(b) 28
(c) 30
(d) 34
(e) 40
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) announced that 34
supercomputers have been deployed across India.
• These supercomputers have a combined computing power of 35 Petaflops
(equivalent to 10 lakh gigabytes).
• Institutions like IISc, IITs, C-DAC, and several from Tier-II and Tier-III cities host
these machines.
• Usage exceeds 85%, with some systems being used more than 95%, reflecting high
efficiency.
About National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) :
• Launched in : 2015
• Managed by : Department of Science and Technology (DST) and MeitY
• Implemented by Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune,
and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
• Outlay : Rs. 1874 crore
• NSM has established five dedicated training centers located in Pune (Maharashtra),
Kharagpur (West Bengal), Chennai (Tamil Nadu), Palakkad (Kerala), and Goa
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Ques: Which Indian state has become the first to implement an AI-based real-time
alert system for forest management on a pilot basis?
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Kerala
(c) Uttarakhand
(d) Himachal Pradesh
(e) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• Madhya Pradesh is the first state in India to implement an AI-based real-time alert
system for active forest management.
• The system uses satellite images, mobile feedback, and machine learning to detect
land encroachment, land use changes, and forest degradation.
• The pilot is being run in five forest divisions: Shivpuri, Guna, Vidisha, Burhanpur,
and Khandwa.
lQues: Which state topped the overall composite rankings in the 2nd edition of the
2025 CareEdge State Rankings?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Karnataka
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Tamil Nadu
(e) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The 2nd edition of the 2025 CareEdge State Rankings was published by CareEdge
Ratings.
• Maharashtra secured the top spot in the overall composite rankings with a score of
56.5, followed by Gujarat (52.4) and Karnataka (51.9).
• The rankings were based on 7 pillars: Economic, Fiscal, Infrastructure, Financial
Development, Social, Governance, and Environment, using a total of 50 indicators.
Ranking of top 5 states in Group A (Large States) with scores :
1 Maharashtra 56.5
2 Gujarat 52.4
3 Karnataka 51.9
4 Telangana 51.4
5 Tamil Nadu 50.1
17 (Last) Bihar 34.8
Ranking of top 5 states in Group B (North-East, Hilly & Small States) with scores :
1 Goa 62.1
2 Uttarakhand 48.2
3 Sikkim 47.2
4 Himachal Pradesh 46.8
5 Assam 44.2
11 (Last) Nagaland 38.2
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Ques : Which international fusion project is installing the world’s most powerful
magnet to confine plasma for clean energy production?
A) CERN
B) ISRO Fusion Lab
C) IAEA Reactor
D) ITER
E) LHC
Answer : Option D
\
Explanation :
• The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), a global fusion
energy project located in southern France, is preparing to install the world’s most
powerful magnet.
• This magnet is designed to create an invisible magnetic cage that will confine
superheated plasma, enabling nuclear fusion.
• Fusion technology mimics the process of the Sun, fusing light elements to release
vast amounts of clean, limitless energy.
• ITER is a collaboration among USA, China, Japan, Russia, the European Union, and
over 30 partner countries.
• The magnet is a key step toward building a reactor that could demonstrate the
viability of fusion as a sustainable energy source for the future.
Ques: Which legendary tabla maestro is being honoured with a commemorative
postage stamp on his centenary by the Department of Posts?
(a) Pandit Chatur Lal
(b) Zakir Hussain
(c) Alla Rakha
(d) Anindo Chatterjee
(e) Kishan Maharaj
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• The Department of Posts will issue a commemorative stamp in honour of Pandit
Chatur Lal, marking his centenary.
• Born in Udaipur, he came from a family of court musicians.
• He began his career at All India Radio in 1947.
• He was nominated for an Oscar in 1957 with Pandit Ravi Shankar for the Canadian
short film “A Chairy Tale”, which also won a Special BAFTA Award.
• In 1962, he performed for Queen Elizabeth II at Rashtrapati Bhawan.
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Ques : International Jazz Day is celebrated on which day ?
(a) 28 April
(b) 29 April
(c) 30 April
(d) 1 May
(e) 2 May
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Every year on April 30, International Jazz Day is observed to use the international
language of jazz to further diversity, peace, cultural exchange, and respect for human
rights.
• Through jazz music, International Jazz Day seeks to bring people together globally
and promote intercultural communication, understanding, and collaboration.
• 2011 saw UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization.
• Theme 2025 – Learning for Lasting Peace – SDG Goal 4: Quality Education
Ques : On which date is Ayushman Bharat Diwas observed annually in India?
(a) 28 April
(b) 29 April
(c) 30 April
(d) 1 May
(e) 2 May
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• India celebrates Ayushman Bharat Diwas on April 30 of each year. The purpose of
the day is to raise awareness of the Ayushman Bharat Yojana, one of the biggest
healthcare programs in the world.
• The purpose of this unique day is to raise awareness of the value of maintaining
good health and the advantages of using the government's free healthcare system.
• Under the National Health Policy, the Indian government introduced the Ayushman
Bharat Yojana in 2018. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) is another
name for it.
• This program's primary objective is to give low-income and impoverished families
free health insurance.
• It enables patients to receive medical care in hospitals without having to pay out of
pocket. Up to Rs 5 lakh might be given annually to each qualified family for medical
care.
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Ques : International Labour Day 2025 celebrated on which day ?
(a) 28 April
(b) 29 April
(c) 30 April
(d) 1 May
(e) 2 May
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• International Labour Day celebrated every year on 1st May.
• Theme 2025 Safety and health of workers
• May 1st commemorates the Haymarket Affair of 1886 in Chicago, where workers
protesting for better conditions were met with violence
• Both the US and Canada celebrate Labor Day on the first Monday in September, not
May 1, even though International Labor Day honors events that occurred in the US.
• The Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan celebrated the inaugural Labour Day in India in
1923 in Chennai, which was then Madras.
According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) report, India's total exports in 2024–25
reached $824.9 billion, which reflects a 6.01% increase over $778.1 billion in 2023–24.
Meesho’s board has approved the renaming of its Indian entity from Fashnear
Technologies to Meesho Pvt Ltd.
Department of Posts (DoP) also known as India Post has signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with SBI Funds Management Limited (SBIFM) to simplify the
customer on-boarding process for Mutual Fund(MF) investors.
National Archives of India Acquires Private Papers of Late Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. It
includes Original correspondences, passport, Aadhar card, Pan card, tour reports,
and lectures delivered by Dr. Kalam. It is Donated by Shri APJMJ Sheik Saleem
(grandnephew).
Ministry of Labour & Employment (MoL&E) & Rapido Private Limited Signed MoU to
enhance employment opportunities in the logistics sector through the National
Career Service (NCS) portal in New Delhi
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: State Bank of India (SBI) signed an MoU with which authority to enhance
banking services at 26 land ports along India's borders?
(a) National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)
(b) Border Security Force (BSF)
(c) Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI)
(d) Ministry of External Affairs
(e) Shipping Corporation of India
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• SBI signed an MoU with Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI) to boost banking
infrastructure at 26 land ports across borders with Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and
Myanmar.
• SBI will offer Forex services, LC/BG facilities, bulk cargo insurance, and digital
banking solutions.
• 1,900 LPAI employees will benefit from enhanced salary packages and financial
services.
• The partnership aims to grow border trade from Rs.80,000 crore to Rs.2 trillion by
2030.
About Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI) :
• Established : 2012
• HQ : New Delhi
• Chairman : Aditya Mishra
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Ques : Where is the 58th Annual Meeting of the ADB being held in 2025?
A. Manila
B. Tokyo
C. Milan
D. Bangkok
E. New Delhi
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman is leading the Indian delegation to the 58th
Annual Meeting of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Board of Governors, held in
Milan, Italy from May 4–7, 2025.
• The meeting focuses on regional economic challenges, sustainable development,
and financial cooperation among member countries.
• The event offers opportunities for global investment visibility and alignment with
regional development initiatives.
• The ADB Board of Governors includes finance ministers from all member nations
and serves as its highest decision-making body.
Ques: Which MakeMyTrip Group entity launched the ‘Global Forex Card’ offering
zero currency conversion charges for international travelers?
(a) Thomas Cook
(b) BookMyForex
(c) ForexMart
(d) Paytm Forex
(e) Western Union
Answer: Option b
Explanation:
• BookMyForex, part of the MakeMyTrip Group, introduced the ‘Global Forex Card’, a
USD-denominated prepaid card.
• It allows users to transact in over 180 currencies with no currency conversion fees.
• No issuance, reload, or maintenance charges.
• Comes with ATM withdrawal benefits (though local ATM providers may charge).
• Offers up to Rs.7,500 cashback under its Crazy Cashback Sale, and is especially
beneficial for students paying tuition fees abroad.
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Ques : Which bank sign an MoU with Sa-Dhan, a Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO)
to enhance financial access for small, micro, and women-led enterprises ?
(a) UCO Bank
(b) Axis Bank
(c) Bank of India
(d) J&K Bank
(e) Bank of Baroda
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• In order to improve financial access for small, micro, and women-led businesses,
particularly in rural and semi-urban areas of India, Sa-Dhan, a Self-Regulatory
Organization (SRO) designated by the RBI for microfinance, signed MoU with Bank of
India (BoI).
• The two organisations will collaborate to achieve key National Financial Inclusion
and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Enterprise Finance for SHGs and Non-SHG Members, Climate-Resilient
Technologies and Green Financing, WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene) Financing,
Co-lending to MFIs, Digital Transformation and Adoption of Technologies, and—
above all—Financial Literacy and Awareness about Government Schemes are just a
few of the important areas of collaboration that will be covered by the non-
commercial agreement.
About Bank of India :
• Established : 7 September 1906
• HQ : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• MD & CEO : Rajneesh Karnatak
• Tagline : Relationship Beyond Banking
Ques : Which general insurance company launched ‘ClimateSafe’ , a first-of-its-kind
parametric climate risk insurance product in India ?
(a) Bajaj Allianz General Insurance
(b) ICICI Prudential Life Insurance
(c) Kotak Mahindra Life Insurance
(d) Shriram General Insurance Company
(e) PNB MetLife India Insurance
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• A first-of-its-kind parametric climate risk insurance product called "ClimateSafe"
was introduced in India by Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited and
Germany-based Allianz SE.
• The product is intended to provide immediate financial assistance to people
impacted by weather events linked to climate change, such as intense heat, freezing
temperatures, or heavy precipitation.
• If the daily Air Quality Index rises beyond 400 after two strikes, it would offer
financial assistance of up to Rs 6,000 per employee.
• When the AQI surpasses 400 for three or more of the preceding five days, it is
considered a strike.
• Covers additional costs (such as increased electricity bills and transportation
expenses) and lost income (such as daily wage workers and gig workers).
• Protects against supply chain delays, event cancellations, and damage to
household items due to floods/heatwaves
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Ques : What is the new name of Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh?
A. Rani Avantibai Tiger Reserve
B. Gondwana Wildlife Reserve
C. Shaheed Bhagat Singh Tiger Reserve
D. Veerangana Rani Durgavati Tiger Reserve
E. Maharani Ahilyabai Tiger Park
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh has been renamed as Veerangana
Rani Durgavati Tiger Reserve.
• It becomes India’s 3rd cheetah reintroduction site after Kuno National Park and
Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary.
• Selected for its large habitat and rich prey base, spanning districts like Sagar,
Damoh, Narsinghpur, and Raisen.
• Renaming honours Rani Durgavati, a 16th-century Gond queen known for her
resistance against the Mughals.
• Part of Project Cheetah, launched to reintroduce cheetahs from Namibia and South
Africa after their extinction in India in 1952.
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Ques : Which Indian Naval ship recently participated in the HADR exercise held in
Maldives in May 2025?
A. INS Sumitra
B. INS Sharda
C. INS Vikramaditya
D. INS Sunayna
E. INS Kolkata
Answer : Option B
\
Explanation :
• INS Sharda participated in a Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR)
exercise held from 04–10 May 2025 at Maafilaafushi Atoll, Maldives.
• The exercise was conducted jointly with the Maldives National Defence Force
(MNDF) to enhance disaster response coordination and maritime cooperation.
• Key focus areas included search & rescue, medical aid, logistical support, and joint
drills aimed at strengthening bilateral operational readiness.
• This engagement aligns with India’s “MAHASAGAR” vision – Mutual and Holistic
Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions.
• The initiative further deepens India–Maldives strategic ties in the Indian Ocean
Region (IOR).
Ques: What new step has the Election Commission of India taken to improve the
accuracy of electoral rolls?
(a) Introduced blockchain technology for voter data
(b) Started electronic sharing of death registration data with BLOs
(c) Allowed online voting for all citizens
(d) Made voter ID optional for elections
(e) Replaced Voter Information Slips with Aadhar cards
Answer : Option b
Explanation:
• The Election Commission of India will now electronically receive death registration
data from the Registrar General of India, improving the timely removal of deceased
voters from electoral rolls.
• This process is aligned with Rule 9 of the Registration of Electors Rules, 1960, and
Section 3(5)(b) of the Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969 (amended in 2023).
• Booth Level Officers (BLOs) will verify this data through field visits.
• The Voter Information Slip (VIS) will now have an improved design with larger font
sizes for easier identification.
• Standard photo identity cards will be issued to BLOs under Section 13B(2) of the
Representation of the People Act, 1950, to enhance public trust.
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Ques : Aryna Sabalenka won her third Madrid Open title in 2024 by defeating which
player?
A. Iga Swiatek
B. Petra Kvitova
C. Naomi Osaka
D. Coco Gauff
E. Elena Rybakina
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• World No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka defeated Coco Gauff 6-3, 7-6(3) to win the Madrid
Open 2024 title.
• This marks Sabalenka’s third Madrid Open title, equalling the record held by Petra
Kvitova. This was Sabalenka’s third WTA title in 2024
• With this win, Sabalenka has now secured six straight victories over Top-10 players
in 2024.
• After the final, Sabalenka praised Gauff as a "fighter" during the post-match
ceremony.
• The match showcased Sabalenka’s dominance and further solidified her position at
the top of women’s tennis.
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Ques: Which renowned Indian filmmaker and cinematographer, known for films like
Piravi and Vanaprastham, recently passed away?
(a) Adoor Gopalakrishnan
(b) Shaji N. Karun
(c) Girish Kasaravalli
(d) Mrinal Sen
(e) Santosh Sivan
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Shaji Neelakandan Karunakaran, renowned cinematographer and filmmaker, died
• He is renowned for directing his first film, "Piravi" (1988), which won him the 1989
Cannes Film Festival's National Award for Best Director and Camera d'Or-Mention
d'honneur.
• His 1994 film Swaham was the only other Indian film chosen for the Cannes
competition.
• Vanaprastham (1999), his third directed project, made its Cannes Film Festival
debut. In addition, it took home the National Awards for Best Actor, Best Editing, and
Best Feature Film.
• He served as the first Chairman of the Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, India's
first cinema and television academy.
Ques : Which temple site from Karnataka is being proposed for UNESCO’s Tentative
List in 2025?
A. Hampi
B. Belur-Halebidu
C. Lakkundi
D. Pattadakal
E. Shravanabelagola
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Lakkundi temples in Gadag district, Karnataka, have been proposed for inclusion in
UNESCO’s Tentative List of World Heritage Sites.
• The site showcases Chalukyan-era temple architecture from the 11th to 13th
century, highlighting India's rich cultural and historical heritage.
• The proposal has been submitted by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) as part
of efforts to conserve and promote ancient Indian monuments.
• Inclusion in the Tentative List is expected to boost tourism, secure international
funding, and enhance global awareness of India’s temple architecture
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Ques : What is the name of the new single-point app launched by the Election
Commission of India for electoral-related activities?
A. VOTERSETU
B. ECINET
C. CHUNAV-ONE
D. eBallot
E. MyVoteHub
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• ECINET (Election Commission of India Network) is a single-point digital platform
launched by the Election Commission of India for all electoral-related activities.
• It will integrate over 40+ existing EC mobile and web apps, simplifying processes for
voters, officials, political parties, and civil society.
• Key features: user-friendly interface, single login, access via desktop and
smartphone, with data input restricted to authorized EC officials to maintain
accuracy.
• Proposed by Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar, and announced at the
Chief Electoral Officers Conference (March 2025).
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Ques: Who among the following has been recently appointed as a Member of the
Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)?
(a) Preeti Sudan
(b) Sujata Chaturvedi and Anuradha Prasad
(c) Raj Shukla and Anil Sahasrabuddhe
(d) Smita Sabharwal and Arvind Panagariya
(e) P K Sinha and Vinay Kumar
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Former Sports Secretary Sujata Chaturvedi and former bureaucrat Anuradha
Prasad have been appointed as Members of the Union Public Service Commission
(UPSC).
• Their term will last for six years or until they attain 65 years of age, whichever is
earlier.
• The oath of office was administered by Lt Gen Raj Shukla, the senior-most member
of UPSC.
• Currently, UPSC has no chairman, as Preeti Sudan's term has ended.
• Articles 315 to 323 of Part XIV of the Indian Constitution contain the provisions
pertaining to the UPSC's membership, composition, appointment and removal
procedures, and authority and duties.
• The UPSC is normally composed of nine to eleven members, including the
Chairman, who are all chosen by the Indian President.
• The Chairman and the other members serve for six years or until they become sixty-
five, whichever comes first.
Ques : Under which section of the Companies Act is the RoC authorized to strike off
companies from official records?
A. Section 234
B. Section 199
C. Section 210
D. Section 275
E. Section 248
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) is set to remove 3,300 companies from
official records.
• The companies were either voluntarily applied for strike-off or were identified by
the Registrar of Companies (RoC) for non-compliance.
• This action will be taken under Sections 248 to 252 of the Companies Act, which
provides for both voluntary and suo motu strike-off.
• Major states affected: Maharashtra (700), Delhi (500), Karnataka (350+), Gujarat,
Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal (200+ each).
• Grounds for removal include:
– Failure to commence business within a year
– Not raising capital within 180 days
– Inactivity for two consecutive financial years
• Under Section 248(1), the RoC can remove companies without their application;
Section 248(2) allows voluntary strike-off by companies themselves.
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Ques : Who will succeed Warren Buffett as the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway at the
end of 2025?
A. Charlie Munger
B. Peter Buffett
C. Tim Cook
D. Jamie Dimon
E. Greg Abel
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• Warren Buffett will step down as CEO of Berkshire Hathaway at the end of 2025,
concluding a legendary 60-year tenure.
• Greg Abel, who has served as Vice-Chairman since 2018, will succeed him as CEO.
• Buffett transformed Berkshire Hathaway from a failing textile company into a
$868.2 billion conglomerate.
• Known for his modest lifestyle, Buffett still lives in the same house he bought in
1958 for $31,500.
• He has pledged to donate nearly all his wealth to philanthropy.
• Nicknamed the “Oracle of Omaha”, Buffett is revered for his investment insights
and ethical business conduct.
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Ques : What are the names of the two genome-edited rice varieties recently
unveiled by India?
A. IR-64 and Swarna
B. Sona Masoori and Rasi Hybrid
C. Basmati Gold and Shakti
D. Pusa Basmati 1 and MT-9
E. Kamala and Pusa DST Rice 1
Answer : Option E
\
Explanation :
• India launched the world’s first genome-edited rice varieties – Kamala (by IIRR
Hyderabad) and Pusa DST Rice 1 (by IARI Delhi) – on May 4, 2025, unveiled by Union
Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan.
• These are non-GMO varieties (no foreign gene insertion), so they do not require
GEAC approval.
• Key benefits: 25–30% higher yield, reduced cultivation area, water savings, and
lower methane emissions.
• Expected to support a second green revolution; suitable for commercial cultivation
within 4–5 years.
• Target cultivation states include Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh,
West Bengal, and several others.
• India is the second-largest rice producer globally, with 137 million tonnes in 2023–
24 and $12+ billion in FY25 exports.
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Ques: Where will the 28th National Conference on e-Governance (NCeG) be held in
June 2025?
(a) New Delhi
(b) Bengaluru
(c) Visakhapatnam
(d) Hyderabad
(e) Bhopal
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The 28th National Conference on e-Government (NCeG) is scheduled to occur in
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, on June 9 and 10, 2025.
• Together with the Government of Andhra Pradesh, the Department of
Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) and the Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) of the Government of India are
organizing the event.
• The conference will be held over two days with the theme "Viksit Bharat: Civil
Service and Digital Transformation."
Ques : Which northeastern state has set a target to produce 150 MW of solar energy
by March 2027?
(a) Assam
(b) Meghalaya
(c) Tripura
(d) Manipur
(e) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Tripura government has set a target to generate 150 MW of solar power by March
2027.
• The announcement was made by Tripura Power Minister Ratan Lal Nath on a
Sunday.
• The goal is aligned with the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, a central scheme
promoting rooftop solar for households.
• It also contributes to India’s green energy transition and supports the national Net
Zero Emissions goal.
• Solar power refers to electricity generated from sunlight using photovoltaic panels.
• 1 Megawatt (MW) equals 1,000 kilowatts and can power hundreds of homes
depending on usage.
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Ques: Which major change has been approved by the Cabinet Committee on
Political Affairs (CCPA) for the upcoming population census in India?
(a) Online-only census process
(b) Inclusion of caste enumeration
(c) Census every 5 years
(d) Combining census with local elections
(e) Dropping household economic data
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The inclusion of caste enumeration in the upcoming national population census has
been accepted by the Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs (CCPA).
• The census, which was supposed to start in 2021, is now anticipated to start in
2025.
• The British carried out the country's first census in several regions in 1872. At the
time, Lord Mayo served as India's governor general.
• Under Lord Rippon's rule, the first synchronous census was carried out in 1881, and
it continued to be undertaken every ten years until 1931.
• Caste enumeration was a common practice in censuses conducted between 1881
and 1931, when Britain was in power.
• However, the government stopped the practice in 1951 after India gained its
independence and conducted its first census.
• The final caste census was conducted in 1931.
Ques: Under which mission has the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
released recommendations for the establishment of Bio-Input Resource Centers
(BRCs)?
(a) National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture
(b) National Mission on Edible Oilseeds
(c) National Mission on Natural Farming
(d) PM-KISAN Yojana
(e) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Bio-Input Resource Centers (BRCs) are being established under the National
Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF).
• Each BRC will get Rs 1 lakh in two installments of Rs 50,000 to promote chemical-
free natural farming.
• These centers aim to empower cluster-level businesses for local input production
and distribution.
• The initiative aligns with other government schemes like the National Mission on
Edible Oilseeds and 10,000 FPOs.
• In the Union Budget 2024–25, 10,000 BRCs are proposed to be established.
• Up to the 15th Finance Commission period (2025–26), the initiative will cost a total
of Rs 2,481 crore, of which Rs 1,584 crore will come from the Government of India
and Rs 897 crore from the States.
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Ques: Which two sports have been officially included in the 2026 Asian Games by
the Olympic Council of Asia and AINAGOC?
(a) Baseball and Kabaddi
(b) Cricket and Mixed Martial Arts
(c) Squash and Karate
(d) Wrestling and Polo
(e) Tennis and Esports
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) and the Aichi-Nagoya Asian Games Organizing
Committee (AINAGOC) have officially confirmed the inclusion of Cricket and Mixed
Martial Arts (MMA) in the 2026 Asian Games.
• The event will be held from September 19 to October 4, 2026, in Aichi-Nagoya,
Japan.
• Cricket will return for its 4th appearance (previously in 2010, 2014, and 2022),
played in the T20I format.
• MMA will make its debut with six medal events.
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Ques: What recent step has the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) taken to boost rupee-
denominated trade using vostro accounts?
A. Introduced a new digital currency linked to vostro accounts
B. Requested government approval to remove the 30% cap on buying short-term
sovereign debt
C. Banned the use of vostro accounts for treasury bills
D. Allowed foreign banks to withdraw funds from vostro accounts in cash
E. Limited vostro account usage to trade in commodities only
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has sought the government’s approval to remove
the 30% cap on foreign banks using vostro accounts to purchase short-term
sovereign debt, including treasury bills.
• Vostro accounts allow foreign banks to hold rupee-denominated balances with
Indian banks, facilitating trade in Indian currency.
• In 2022, the RBI allowed foreign banks to open Special Vostro Rupee Accounts
(SVRAs) to promote rupee-based trade settlements, as part of a broader push to
internationalise the Indian rupee.
• The existing rule capped the use of vostro balances for buying securities with less
than one year maturity to 30%, which the RBI now wants to lift to enhance rupee
trade flows.
• As of December 2024, 156 SRVAs were being opened with 26 Indian banks by 123
correspondent banks from 30 other nations.
• All vostro accounts, including SRVAs, had a total balance of 134.55 billion rupees, or
around $1.60 billion.
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Ques: How much gold did the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) purchase during the fiscal
year 2024–25?
A. 27.5 tonnes
B. 50.1 tonnes
C. 57.5 tonnes
D. 62.3 tonnes
E. 45.8 tonnes
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) purchased 57.5 tonnes of gold during the fiscal year
2024–25, making it the second-highest annual purchase since it began accumulating
gold in December 2017.
• With this addition, RBI’s total gold reserves reached 879.6 tonnes as of March 2025,
compared to 822.1 tonnes in March 2024.
• In 2023–24, the RBI had added 27.47 tonnes to its gold reserves.
• The increase aligns with a global trend, as central banks worldwide have been
boosting gold reserves due to the continued weakness of the US dollar amid global
economic uncertainties.
Ques: Who was awarded the AIFF Men’s Footballer of the Year for 2024–25?
A. Sunil Chhetri
B. Sahal Abdul Samad
C. Subhasish Bose
D. Gurpreet Singh Sandhu
E. Brandon Fernandes
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• At the award ceremony in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, the All India Football Federation
(AIFF) declared the winners of the AIFF annual awards for 2024–2025.
• The Subhasish Bose, a defender with the West Bengal (WB) Mohun Bagan Super
Giants (MBSG), was selected as the AIFF Men's Footballer of the Year for 2024–2025.
Since Nabi (2012), he became the first WB player to win this title.
List of Winners of AIFF Awards 2024-25 :
• AIFF Promising Men’s Player of the Year : Brison Fernandes
• AIFF Promising Women’s Player of the Year : Toijam Thoibisana Chanu
• AIFF Men’s Footballer of the Year : Subhasish Bose
• AIFF Women’s Footballer of the Year : Soumya Guguloth (Telangana)
• AIFF Men’s Coach of the Year : Khalid Jamil
• AIFF Women’s Coach of the Year : Sujata Kar
• President’s Special Honour for Coaching Excellence : Ranjan Chowdhury
• AIFF Best Men’s Goalkeeper : Vishal Kaith
• AIFF Best Women’s Goalkeeper : Elangbam Panthoi Chanu
• AIFF Male Referee of the Year : Venkatesh
• AIFF Female Referee of the Year : Tekcham Ranjita Devi
• AIFF Male Assistant Referee of the Year : Vairamuthu
• AIFF Female Assistant Referee of the Year : Riiohlang Dhar
About All India Football Federation (AIFF) :
• Established : 1937
• HQ : New Delhi
• President : Kalyan Chaubey
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Ques: What is the purpose of the AIM4NatuRe initiative launched by the FAO in
2025?
A. Promoting organic farming worldwide
B. Restoring 30% of degraded ecosystems by
C. Ending deforestation by 2028
D. Reducing plastic waste in oceans
E. Promoting renewable energy in agriculture
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Accelerating Innovative Monitoring for Nature Restoration (AIM4NatuRe)
initiative was launched by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2025.
• It is a four-year initiative (2025–2028) supported by the United Kingdom with
funding of 7 million GBP (approximately USD 9.38 million).
• The initiative supports Target 2 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity
Framework, which aims to restore 30% of degraded ecosystems by 2030.
• Pilot projects are being conducted in Brazil and Peru, in collaboration with FAO’s
Indigenous Peoples Unit, to integrate traditional knowledge with modern monitoring
systems for ecosystem restoration.
About Food and Agriculture Organization :
• Established : 16 October 1945
• HQ : Rome, Italy
• Director-General : Qu Dongyu
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Ques : Angola became the ___ member of the International Solar Alliance after
signing the Framework Agreement in 2025.
A. 121st
B. 122nd
C. 123rd
D. 124th
E. 125th
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The India–Angola collaboration in 2025 marks a significant step in strengthening
bilateral ties across various sectors.
• India approved a $200 million Line of Credit for Angola to facilitate defense
procurement under the signed MoUs.
• Angola joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) by signing the Framework
Agreement, becoming the 123rd member, a move that emphasizes the global shift
towards renewable energy and solar power cooperation.
• The partnership opens economic opportunities for Indian industries in
infrastructure and energy projects within Angola, while enhancing strategic ties in
the Global South context.
• Angola's ISA membership aligns with its efforts to adopt clean energy solutions and
India's leadership in promoting solar energy through the ISA.
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Ques: What is the name of the report released in 2025 to honor exceptional self-
made women leaders across various sectors?
A. Women of Honor 2025
B. Shakti Icons 2025
C. W-Power 2025
D. Nari Shakti List
E. Bharat Women Achievers
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The W-Power 2025 list was jointly published by Forbes India and France-based
L’Oréal Paris.
• The initiative was originally launched in 2017 to celebrate women making
remarkable strides without inherited positions or wealth.
• The 2025 edition honors 20 self-made women for their achievements in fields such
as business, finance, sports, entertainment, and public service.
• The list is compiled based on a rigorous selection process by the Forbes India team
using primary and secondary sources, focusing on entrepreneurs and professionals
who have built their success independently.
Highlights of W-Power 2025 list :
Business & Finance :
• Dr. Gita Gopinath, First Deputy MD of the International Monetary Fund
• Renuka Ramnath, Founder of Multiples Alternate Asset Management
• Sonia Dasgupta, MD & CEO (Investment Banking) JM Financial Services Limited
• Kaku Nakhate – India CEO of USA based Bank of America
• Leena Nair – Global CEO of France based Chanel
• Sonal Desai – Chief Investment Officer (CIO) of Franklin Templeton Fixed Income
Group
• Vishakha Mulye – CEO of Aditya Birla Capital Limited(ABCL)
:
Sports :
• Manu Bhaker, won two bronze medals in shooting at the 2024 Paris Olympics
• Smriti Mandhana, emerged as 2024’s highest runscorer in women’s cricket
• Pusarla Venkata Sindhu of Badminton
Entrepreneurship :
• Anamika Khanna – Creative Director and Founder of
• Anamika Khanna and AK|OK Mira Kulkarni – Founder and MD of Forest Essentials
• Rohini Iyer – Founder and Director of Rain Reign Group
• Prerna Singh – CEO of Bhansali Productions
Public Service & Academia :
• Mona Khandhar – Principal Secretary, Department of Science and Technology,
Gujarat
• Dr. Pratima Murthy – Director, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro
Sciences (NIMHANS) in Karnataka
Arts & Entertainment :
• Payal Kapadia – Filmmaker, her debut feature All We Imagine As Light won the
Grand Prix at the 2024 Cannes Film Festival
• Sunidhi Chauhan – Singer
Corporate Leadership :
• Savitha Balachandran – CFO of Tata Technologies Limited
• Shefali Goradia – Chairperson of Deloitte South Asia
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Ques: What is the title of the book authored by Arun Singhal and Devendra Kumar
Sharma, recently launched in New Delhi?
A. Genius of Numbers
B. The Mathematical Mind
C. Ramanujan: Journey of a Great Mathematician
D. Numbers Never Lie
E. Legacy of Ramanujan
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The book titled "Ramanujan: Journey of a Great Mathematician" is authored by Arun
Singhal and Devendra Kumar Sharma.
• It was launched by the National Archives of India (NAI) in collaboration with Vani
Prakashan Group.
• The launch event took place at Dr. Ambedkar International Centre in New Delhi.
• The book chronicles the extraordinary life and contributions of Srinivasa
Ramanujan, one of India’s greatest mathematical minds.
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:Ques: Which historic artifact did the Maharashtra Government recently purchase at
an auction in London?
A. Shivaji Maharaj’s Armor
B. Bajirao’s War Helmet
C. Raghuji Bhonsle’s Sword
D. Holkar’s Battle Shield
E. Peshwa's Signet Ring
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Maharashtra Government recently purchased the historic sword of Raghuji
Bhonsle at an auction in London.
• Raghuji Bhonsle I was a prominent Maratha leader in the 18th century.
• Following the Battle of Sitabuldi in 1817, the British defeated the Nagpur Bhonsles,
and many valuables, including weapons, were looted from the Bhonsle Palace.
• The recovery of the sword is part of efforts to reclaim India's lost heritage and
artifacts taken during colonial times.
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Ques: Which Indian city recently joined the WHO’s Global Network for Age-friendly
Cities and Communities (GNAFCC)?
A. Thiruvananthapuram
B. Kochi
C. Kozhikode
D. Mysuru
E. Chennai
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Kozhikode, a city in Kerala, has officially become a member of the WHO’s Global
Network for Age-friendly Cities and Communities (GNAFCC).
• It is the second Indian city to join this network after Kochi (Kerala), which became a
member in 2024.
• It is also the second city in the WHO South-East Asia Region (SEAR) after Wellawaya,
Sri Lanka, to receive this recognition.
• This marks Kozhikode’s second international honor, the first being its 2023
recognition by UNESCO as a City of Literature.
About WHO GNAFCC :
• Established : 2010
• Objective : To connect cities, communities and organisations across the world with
common vision of making their community a great place to grow old in
• Members : At present, WHO GNAFCC includes 1,705 cities and communities in 60
countries covering more than 330 million people across the world
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Ques : What is the name of the surface-to-surface missile Pakistan test-launched in
its training exercise in 2025?
A. Shaheen-III
B. Ghauri
C. Nasr
D. Babur
E. Fatah Series
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• In 2025, Pakistan conducted a training launch of its ‘Fatah Series’ surface-to-surface
missile, with a range of 120 km.
• The launch was part of military exercise "INDUS" and aimed to ensure troop
readiness and validate key technical parameters.
• Senior officers from the Pakistan Army, along with scientists and engineers from
strategic organizations, witnessed the test.
• The missile test highlights Pakistan's military preparedness amidst regional
tensions, and reflects its continued focus on strategic and technological
advancements in missile capabilities.
• The Fatah Series adds to Pakistan’s arsenal of short-range battlefield weapons
designed for rapid deployment and tactical effectiveness.
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Ques: What is the name of the innovation conclave addressed by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi to boost India's innovation ecosystem?
A. NAVACHAR Bharat
B. Srijan Manthan
C. Viksit Sankalp
D. YUGM
E. Nayi Soch
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the ‘YUGM: Uniting Academia, Industry,
and Innovators for Viksit Bharat’ Innovation Conclave in New Delhi.
• The event was organized by the Ministry of Education in collaboration with the
Wadhwani Foundation.
• YUGM, meaning "confluence" in Sanskrit, is a first-of-its-kind strategic conclave
bringing together leaders from government, academia, industry, and innovation
sectors.
• It aims to strengthen India's innovation ecosystem through a joint initiative worth
approximately Rs 1,400 crore.
• The initiative includes the establishment of Superhubs at IIT Kanpur (AI & Intelligent
Systems) and IIT Bombay (Biosciences & Medicine).
• A Letter of Intent was exchanged between the Anusandhan National Research
Foundation (ANRF) and the Wadhwani Foundation, marking a unique public-
philanthropic partnership focused on high-impact research.
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Ques: Which indigenous helicopter model was recently cleared for operations after
being grounded due to a crash in January 2025?
A. HAL Rudra
B. ALH Dhruv
C. LCH Prachand
D. Cheetah Helicopter
E. Garuda Mark II
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) Dhruv, used by the Army and Air Force, was
cleared for operations after being grounded since January 2025.
• The grounding followed a crash of the Indian Coast Guard’s ALH Mark-III during a
training sortie in Porbandar, Gujarat, which tragically claimed the lives of all three
crew members.
• A Defect Investigation (DI) Committee reviewed the incident, and based on its
recommendations, HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited)—the helicopter’s
manufacturer—confirmed that the helicopters are now safe to operate.
• A total of 330 ALHs had been grounded across the armed forces as a precautionary
measure.
About Hindustan Aeronautics Limited :
• Established : 1940
• HQ : Bengaluru (Bangalore), Karnataka
• CMD : DK Sunil
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Ques: The USA approved a USD 131 million Foreign Military Sale to India under
which Quad initiative?
A. Indo-Pacific Maritime Partnership (IPMP)
B. Quad Maritime Cooperation Program (QMCP)
C. Indo-Pacific Maritime Domain Awareness (IPMDA)
D. Strategic Indo-Pacific Security Pact (SISP)
E. Allied Naval Surveillance Mission (ANSM)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The United States of America (USA) approved a Foreign Military Sale (FMS) worth
USD 131 million (approx. Rs. 1,090 crore) to India.
• The objective is to strengthen India’s maritime security in the Indo-Pacific region.
• This sale falls under the Indo-Pacific Maritime Domain Awareness (IPMDA)
programme, a Quad initiative involving Australia, India, Japan, and the USA.
• The primary contractor for the sale is HawkEye 360, a Herndon, Virginia-based US
defense company.
• HawkEye 360 operates a network of low Earth orbit satellites that track radio
frequency (RF) signals from ships, aircraft, and coastal systems.
Ques: Which Indian state became the first to introduce a dedicated policy for
shipbuilding, ship repair, and ship recycling in 2025?
A. Gujarat
B. Tamil Nadu
C. Andhra Pradesh
D. Maharashtra
E. Kerala
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Maharashtra approved the ‘Shipbuilding, Ship Repair and Ship Recycling Policy
2025’, becoming the first Indian state to adopt a dedicated policy in the maritime
manufacturing sector.
• The policy offers a capital subsidy of 15% of the project cost.
• It includes support of up to Rs 1 crore per project for skill development and up to Rs
25 crore for R&D.
• Land will be provided on 30-year concessional leases for shipyard development.
• India ranks 21st in global shipbuilding, 20th in ship repair, and 2nd in ship recycling
with a 32.6% global share.
• In comparison, China, South Korea, and Japan lead global shipbuilding with shares
of 50%, 28%, and 15% respectively.
• Maharashtra alone holds 11% of India’s shipbuilding capacity and 21% of total
production.
• The Union Budget 2025–26 has allocated Rs 25,000 crore to the Maritime
Development Fund to enhance India’s maritime infrastructure.
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Ques: When is World Portuguese Language Day observed annually?
A. 3 May
B. 5 May
C. 7 May
D. 9 May
E. 11 May
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• World Portuguese Language Day is observed every year on 5 May.
• It was first established in 2009 by the Community of Portuguese-speaking
Countries (CPLP).
• The day was later officially recognized by UNESCO in 2019.
• It celebrates the global importance of the Portuguese language, which is spoken by
over 260 million people worldwide across countries like Portugal, Brazil, Angola,
Mozambique, and others.
Anthony Albanese of the Labor Party has won a second consecutive 3-year term as
Prime Minister of Australia — the first to do so in 21 years.
Shri Gyaneshwar Kumar Singh has assumed charge as the new Director General and
Chief Executive Officer of the Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA)
Ministry of Home Affairs constituted a High- Level Committee under the
chairmanship of Union Minister Amit Shah to oversee national disaster preparedness
and response mechanisms. The committee was formed under sub-section (2) of
Section 8B of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 (Act No. 53 of 2005). Other
members are Shivraj Singh Chouhan, Nirmala Sitharaman and Suman Bery
Through a partnership between Christian Medical College Vellore and the
Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council's Institute for Cell Science and
Regenerative Medicine (BRIC-inStem), India has conducting its first human gene
therapy trial for hemophilia.
Renowned author and former Governor of West Bengal Gopalkrishna Gandhi
released his memoir titled “The Undying Light: A Personal History of Independent
India.”
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Which company has launched India’s first AI-powered Gold-Melting ATM,
revolutionizing gold transactions?
A. MMTC-PAMP
B. Titan Gold Ltd. /
C. Goldsikka
D. Kalyan Jewellers
E. Tanishq Digital
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Hyderabad-based Goldsikka has unveiled India’s first AI-powered Gold-Melting
ATM, setting a new benchmark in automated gold transactions.
• The machine allows users to buy, sell, exchange, lease, digitise, and monetise gold
through an automated process.
• Goldsikka had earlier launched India's first real-time Gold ATM in 2022.
• The upgraded version now includes AI-based verification, including photograph
capture, Aadhaar and ID validation, and automated bank credit—all within
approximately 30 minutes.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the Chairman-cum-Managing Director (CMD) of
Oriental Insurance Company Limited (OICL) in 2025?
A. R.R. Singh
B. Amit Misra
C. Sanjay Joshi
D. Tapan Singhel
E. G. Srinivasan
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Sanjay Joshi, who was serving as General Manager in United India Insurance
Company Limited (UIICL), has been appointed as the Chairman-cum-Managing
Director (CMD) of Oriental Insurance Company Limited (OICL).
• He replaced R.R. Singh.
• Prior to Joshi’s appointment, Amit Misra, the Executive Director of OICL, served as
acting CMD for a three-month term starting March 1, 2025.
• The Financial Services Institutions Bureau will select the chiefs of public sector
banks and insurance companies. Bhanu Pratap Sharma is the Chairman, of Financial
Services Institutions Bureau.
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Ques: What financial milestone did M. Nagaraju, Secretary of the Department of
Financial Services, mark by ringing the ceremonial bell at NSE in 2025?
A. Launch of India’s first Green Bond
B. Listing of India’s first mortgage-backed Pass Through Certificates (PTCs)
C. Introduction of Digital Rupee
D. Launch of Sovereign Gold Bonds /
E. Debut of Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT)
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• M. Nagaraju, Secretary, Department of Financial Services, rang the ceremonial bell
at the National Stock Exchange (NSE) to mark the listing of India’s first mortgage-
backed Pass Through Certificates (PTCs).
• The PTCs were structured by RMBS Development Company Limited and were fully
subscribed at Rs.1,000 crore.
• They are backed by housing loans originated by LIC Housing Finance Limited, carry
a 7.26% annual coupon, and have a 20-year maturity.
• The instruments were rated AAA(SO) by CRISIL and CARE Ratings and are issued in
dematerialized form for trading in the secondary market.
Ques : How many new IITs are included under Phase-B construction approved by
the Union Cabinet in 2025?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 7
D. 10
E. 6
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• The Union Cabinet approved the Phase-B construction for 5 new IITs under the IIT
Expansion Plan 2025.
• The five IITs are: IIT Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh), IIT Palakkad (Kerala), IIT Bhilai
(Chhattisgarh), IIT Jammu (Jammu & Kashmir) and IIT Dharwad (Karnataka)
• The total budget for this expansion is Rs.11,828.79 crore, allocated between 2025–
26 and 2028–29.
• A total of 130 new faculty posts (Level 14 and above) have been approved, along
with the establishment of 5 new research parks.
• Student capacity across these 5 IITs will increase from 7,111 to 13,687, with annual
intakes as follows : 1st Year – 1,364 students, 2nd Year – 1,738 students, 3rd Year –
1,767 students and 4th Year – 1,707 students
• The expansion will lead to direct employment of faculty, researchers, and support
staff, boosting the local economy through demand in transport, housing, and
services.
• Nationally, this plan will enhance social mobility, reduce educational inequality, and
strengthen India’s position in global academics.
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Ques: Why was former Indian cricketer S. Sreesanth suspended by the Kerala
Cricket Association (KCA) in 2025?
A. Match-fixing allegations
B. Disrespectful behavior towards fans
C. Remarks criticizing KCA over Sanju Samson’s exclusion
D. Refusal to attend team camp
E. Promoting a private league without permission
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Kerala Cricket Association (KCA) suspended S. Sreesanth for three years from
all association-related cricketing activities.
• The suspension followed a special General Body meeting held in Kochi.
• The action was taken in response to Sreesanth’s public remarks criticizing the
association for the exclusion of Sanju Samson from India’s squad for the ICC
Champions Trophy.
• Sreesanth was part of India’s T20 World Cup 2007 and ODI World Cup 2011 winning
teams.
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Ques : What is India's HDI rank in the 2023 report released by UNDP?
A. 126
B. 133
C. 130
D. 135
E. 129
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• India ranked 130th out of 193 countries in the Human Development Index (HDI)
2023, showing an improvement from 133rd in 2022.
• India’s HDI score rose from 0.676 (2022) to 0.685 (2023). A score of 0.700 is the
threshold for high human development.
• Since 1990, India’s HDI value has increased by over 53%, growing faster than the
South Asian regional average.
• Life expectancy in India increased from 58.6 years (1990) to 72 years (2023).
• Gross National Income (GNI) per capita grew nearly four times, from $2,167.22 in
1990 to $9,046.76 in 2023.
• Inequality remains a significant challenge, reducing India’s HDI by 30.7%, one of the
highest impacts in the region.
• Despite reforms like the one-third reservation for women in legislatures, female
labour participation and political representation remain low.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the Interim Executive Director to represent India,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka at the IMF in 2025?
A. Raghuram Rajan /
B. Krishnamurthy V. Subramanian
C. Parameswaran Iyer
D. V. Anantha Nageswaran
E. Arvind Subramanian
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Parameswaran Iyer, who was serving as the Executive Director for India at the World
Bank, has been appointed as the Interim Executive Director (ED) to represent India,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka at the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
• He replaced K.V. Subramanian, who previously served as India’s 17th Chief
Economic Advisor (CEA) from 2018 to 2021, and was the youngest to hold the
position.
• The executive board of the IMF is composed of 25 directors (executive directors or
EDs) elected by the member countries or groups of countries.
• India is in a four-country constituency, along with Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Bhutan
as members
• The government's decision assumes significance as the IMF Executive Board will
meet on May 9, to take a call on a new USD 1.3 billion loan under a climate resilience
loan programme, along with the first review of the ongoing USD 7 billion bailout
package for Pakistan.
About International Monetary Fund :
• Established : 1944
• HQ : Washington DC, the United States of America
• Member : 191
• Managing Director : Kristalina Georgieva
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Ques: Who is the author of the book “The Johnson & Johnson Files: The Indian
Secrets of a Global Giant”, praised by former Chief Justice of India D.Y.
Chandrachud?
A. Josy Joseph
B. Kaunain Sheriff M
C. Sagarika Ghose
D. Rana Ayyub
E. Priya Ramani
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• “The Johnson & Johnson Files: The Indian Secrets of a Global Giant” is authored by
Kaunain Sheriff M, a journalist with The Indian Express.
• The book was published by Juggernaut and investigates the Indian operations and
practices of the global pharmaceutical company Johnson & Johnson.
• Former Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud praised the book and cited the 1982
Tylenol crisis in the U.S. — a benchmark in corporate crisis management, where J&J
responded to cyanide-laced capsules causing multiple deaths in Chicago.
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Ques: What is the name of the initiative launched by President Droupadi Murmu for
the welfare of senior citizens in 2025?
A. Ageing with Dignity – Initiatives for the Welfare of Senior Citizens
B. Senior Dignity Scheme
C. ElderCare India Mission
D. Golden Years Support Programme
E. Senior Citizen Empowerment Yatra
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• President Droupadi Murmu attended the event “Ageing with Dignity – Initiatives for
the Welfare of Senior Citizens” at the Rashtrapati Bhawan Cultural Centre, New Delhi.
• The event was organized by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
(MoSJE).
• A Senior Citizens Welfare Portal was launched, providing a comprehensive digital
platform to empower elderly citizens.
• She virtually inaugurated 5 new Senior Citizens Homes located in Tawang, Wokha,
Vellore, Anakapalli, and Nainital.
• Aids and Assistive Devices were also distributed under the Rashtriya Vayoshri
Yojana (RVY).
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Ques : What percentage of Indian merchandise shipments will get duty-free access
to the UK under the FTA?
l
A. 85%
B. 90%
C. 94%
D. 99%
E. 100%
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• India and the UK finalized a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) aimed at doubling bilateral
trade to $120 billion in five years.
• Under the deal, India will receive duty-free access on 99% of merchandise exports
to the UK.
• Key beneficiaries: Textiles, chemicals, leather, and footwear industries.
• The agreement also supports Indian workers in the UK with social security relief,
and tariff reduction on automobiles and liquor.
Ques : Where is the Kalanamak Rice Research Centre being set up in Uttar Pradesh?
A. Gorakhpur
B. Maharajganj
C. Deoria
D. Kushinagar
E. Siddharthnagar
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• The Uttar Pradesh Government, in collaboration with the International Rice
Research Institute (IRRI), is setting up a Kalanamak Rice Research Centre in
Siddharthnagar.
• Kalanamak Rice is An aromatic, non-basmati variety GI-tagged (Geographical
Indication), Known for its black husk and In high international demand due to its
unique aroma and low glycemic index
• As part of the export strategy, India has allowed exports of up to 1000 tonnes of
Kalanamak rice in 2024–25, out of which 500 tonnes have already been exported to
Singapore and Nepal.
• The rice is gaining attention at international food expos, such as the Dubai Gulf
Food Expo.
• GI-tag production covers 11 districts:
Siddharthnagar, Maharajganj, Gorakhpur, Deoria, Basti, Sant Kabir Nagar, Gonda,
Balrampur, Bahraich, Shravasti, and Kushinagar.
• The government is promoting export-oriented and contract farming, with
Kalanamak rice also being sold under the ‘Diviam Aahar’ brand in 1kg, 2kg, and 5kg
retail packs.
• Due to its low Glycemic Index, Kalanamak rice is being promoted as a health-
friendly option, and the Centre and State governments are exploring new markets
through international fairs and exhibitions.
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Ques: What is India’s rank in the World Press Freedom Index 2025 released by
Reporters Without Borders (RSF)?
A. 145th
B. 151st
C. 155th
D. 159th
E. 165th
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The World Press Freedom Index 2025 was published by Reporters Without Borders
(RSF).
• A total of 180 countries were assessed in the report.
• India ranked 151st, with a score of 32.96, improving 8 positions from 159th in 2024.
• The report highlighted that 160 out of 180 countries are facing major issues related
to the financial sustainability of media outlets.
• Norway retained the top position, followed by other Scandinavian and European
nations known for strong press freedom protections.
Ranking of top 5 and last countries with their scores:
1 Norway (9th Consecutive Year) : 92.31
2 Estonia : 89.46
3 Netherlands : 88.64
4 Sweden : 88.13
5 Finland : 87.18
20 United Kingdom : 78.89
57 United States : 65.49
180 Eritrea : 11.32
Ranking Of India & its neighboring countries :
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90 Nepal : 55.2
139 Sri Lanka : 39.93
149 Bangladesh : 33.71
151 India : 32.96
152 Bhutan : 32.62
158 Pakistan : 29.62
169 Myanmar : 25.32
175 Afghanistan : 7.88
178 China : 14.8
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Ques : How many permanent members are there in the United Nations Security
Council (UNSC)?
A. 10
B. 5
C. 15
D. 7
E. 20
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) currently consists of 15 members – 5
permanent and 10 non-permanent members.
• The five permanent members with veto power are China, France, Russia, the United
Kingdom, and the United States.
• The non-permanent members for 2025 (with end of term) are:
Algeria, Guyana, Republic of Korea, Sierra Leone, and Slovenia – Term ending in 2025
Denmark, Greece, Pakistan, Panama, and Somalia – Term ending in 2026
• These non-permanent members are elected by the UN General Assembly for a term
of two years.
• The UNSC is a key organ of the United Nations responsible for maintaining
international peace and security.
Ques: What was the name of the military operation launched by the Indian Armed
Forces in response to the April 22, 2025 terrorist attack in Pahalgam?
A. Operation Shakti
B. Operation Sunrise
C. Operation Sindoor
D. Operation Vijay
E. Operation Trinetra
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Operation Sindoor was launched by the Indian Armed Forces post-midnight in
retaliation to the terrorist attack on April 22, 2025, in Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir.
• The operation targeted terrorist infrastructure located in Pakistan and Pakistan-
occupied Jammu & Kashmir (PoK).
• Nine sites were hit, including Bahawalpur and Muridke in Punjab, Pakistan, and
Muzaffarabad and Kotli in PoK — all known hubs of terrorist training camps.
• Bahawalpur is linked with Jaish-e-Mohammed, while Muridke is the headquarters of
Lashkar-e-Taiba, responsible for the 26/11 Mumbai attacks.
• Muzaffarabad and Kotli are launch pads for infiltration supported by the Pakistan
Army.
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Ques: Which Himalayan peak did the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) successfully
scale in April 2025?
A. Mt. Everest
B. Mt. Annapurna
C. Mt. Dhaulagiri
D. Mt. Makalu
E. Mt. Kanchenjunga
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The ITBP successfully scaled Mt. Makalu, the world’s fifth-highest peak at an
altitude of 8,485 metres.
• The ascent was completed on April 19, 2025, in Nepal as part of an International
Mountaineering Expedition.
• The expedition, flagged off from Delhi on March 21, also included a group
attempting Mt. Annapurna (8,091 m).
• The team was led by Deputy Commandant Anoop Kumar Negi, with Nihas Suresh as
the Deputy Leader.
• Under the ‘Clean Himalaya – Save Glacier’ campaign, the team collected 150 kg of
non-biodegradable waste from high-altitude camps.
About ITBP :
• Established : 24 October 1962
• HQ : New Delhi
• Director : General Rahul Rasgotra
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the new Managing Director (MD) of the National
Film Development Corporation (NFDC) in 2025?
A. Bhupendra Kainthola
B. Prakash Magdum
C. Sunit Tandon
D. Vani Tripathi
E. Ujwal Nirgudkar
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Prakash Magdum has been appointed as the new Managing Director (MD) of the
National Film Development Corporation (NFDC).
• He has previously served as the Director of the National Film Archive of India (NFAI)
and Registrar of the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), both in Pune,
Maharashtra.
• The NFDC was established in 1975 by the Government of India under the Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting.
• Its tagline is “Cinemas of India” and it is headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of Yemen, replacing
Ahmed Awad bin Mubarak?
A. Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed
B. Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar
C. Mohammed Al-Jabe
D. Khaled Mahfoudh Bahah
E. Salem Saleh Bin Braik
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• Salem Saleh Bin Braik has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of Yemen,
replacing Ahmed Awad bin Mubarak.
• He had earlier served as Finance Minister of Yemen since 2019.
• His appointment marks a significant political shift in the country amid ongoing
challenges.
• Capital of Yemen is Sanaa and Currency is Yemeni Rial
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Ques: Who won the Pulitzer Prize 2025 in the Investigative Reporting category?
A. The New York Times staff
B. The Washington Post staff
C. Reuters staff – “Fentanyl Express
D. The Wall Street Journal staff
E. Alissa Zhu & team
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Pulitzer Prize Board announced the 2025 winners, recognizing excellence in
journalism.
• The Investigative Reporting category was won by the Reuters staff for their
impactful series “Fentanyl Express”, exposing issues related to fentanyl trafficking.
List of winners of Pulitzer Prizes 2025 :
• Public Service : Kavitha Surana, Lizzie Presser, Cassandra Jaramillo & Stacy Kranitz
• Breaking News Reporting : The Washington Post staff
• Investigative Reporting : Reuters staff – “Fentanyl Express”
• Explanatory Reporting : Azam Ahmed, Christina Goldbaum & Matthieu Aikins (NYT)
• Local Reporting : Alissa Zhu, Nick Thieme & Jessica Gallagher (Baltimore Banner &
NYT)
• National Reporting : The Wall Street Journal staff – Elon Musk investigation
• International Reporting : Declan Walsh & NYT staff – Sudan conflict
• Feature Writing : Mark Warren (Esquire)
• Commentary : Mosab Abu Toha (The New Yorker)
• Criticism : Alexandra Lange (Bloomberg CityLab)
• Editorial Writing : Raj Mankad & team (Houston Chronicle)
• Illustrated Reporting : Ann Telnaes (Washington Post)
• Breaking News Photography : Doug Mills (NYT) – Trump assassination attempt
• Feature Photography : Moises Saman (The New Yorker) – Syria prison
• Audio Reporting : The New Yorker staff – “In the Dark” podcast
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About Pulitzer Prizes :
• Started : June 4, 1917
• Awarded for : Excellence in newspaper journalism, literary achievements, musical
composition
• Presented by : Columbia University
• First indian : Gobind Behari Lal (1937)
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LQues: When is International Leopard Day observed, and which Indian state has the
highest leopard population as per the NTCA report 2022?
l
A. 3 May; Karnataka
B. 4 May; Maharashtra
C. 3 May; Madhya Pradesh
D. 5 May; Rajasthan
E. 2 May; Uttarakhand
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• International Leopard Day is observed on 3 May each year to raise awareness about
leopard conservation.
• According to the “Status of Leopards in India, 2022” report by the National Tiger
Conservation Authority (NTCA), India's leopard population is estimated at 13,874
individuals.
• Madhya Pradesh has the largest leopard population in India, followed by
Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Ques: What was the theme of World Laughter Day 2025 observed on 4 May?
A. Laugh Together, Live Longer
B. Smile for Global Harmony
C. Laugh for Health, Peace and Happiness
D. Laughter: The Best Medicine
E. Joyful World Through Laughter
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• World Laughter Day 2025 was observed on 4 May, which is the first Sunday of May
each year.
• The theme for 2025 was “Laugh for Health, Peace and Happiness.”
• The first World Laughter Day was celebrated on 11 January 1998 in Mumbai,
Maharashtra.
• The first international celebration outside India, titled “HAPPY-DEMIC,” was held on
9 January 2000 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
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E-Kalyan Portal, Launched by Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh
Sukhu to simplify the application process for various social security pension
schemes in the state
Nepal Plans to limit Mount Everest expeditions to mountaineers who have scaled at
least one peak higher than 7,000 m. According to official figures, since the Hillary-
Norgay summit in 1953, around 9,000 mountaineers have successfully climbed
Mount Everest, while more than 300 have died.
Sanjay Khanna ( Director Refinery) Appointed as Additional charge as Chairman and
Managing Director (CMD) of BPCL. He Replaced G. Krishnakumar
Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS),International Business Machines (IBM)
Corporation & Government of Andhra Pradesh partners to set up India’s largest
quantum computer at the upcoming Quantum Valley Tech Park, located in Amaravati
Union Finance and Corporate Affairs Minister Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurated the
Corporate Bhavan at New Town, Kolkata. The building covers an area of 13,239
square meters and was built at a cost of Rs 150.43 crores.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: How much dividend per share has SBI declared for FY25, the highest in the
last 12 years?
A. Rs.10.50
B. Rs.12.00
C. Rs.20.00
D. Rs.18.20
E. Rs.15.90
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• The State Bank of India (SBI) has announced a final dividend of Rs.15.90 per equity
share for the financial year ending March 31, 2025.
• This is the highest dividend declared by SBI in the last 12 years.
• SBI also reported a 10% YoY drop in Q4FY25 net profit to Rs.18,642.59 crore, while
Net Interest Income (NII) rose by 2.7% YoY to Rs.42,774.55 crore.
• For FY26, SBI plans to raise up to Rs.25,000 crore via QIP or FPO to strengthen its
capital base.
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Ques : In what form has FIMMDA been recognized by RBI?
A. Rating Agency
B. Primary Dealer
C. Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO)
D. Financial Institution
E. Market Intermediary
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has officially recognised the Fixed Income Money
Market and Derivatives Association of India (FIMMDA) as a Self-Regulatory
Organisation (SRO) for financial markets.
• This move is aimed at enhancing professional standards, transparency, and
governance across money and bond markets.
• FIMMDA is a not-for-profit Section 8 company established in 1998, with members
including banks, primary dealers, insurance companies, and financial institutions.
• RBI had earlier released a framework for recognising SROs in August 2023.
• Eligibility for SRO status includes:
• Section 8 registration
• Minimum net worth of Rs.10 crore
• Diversified shareholding – no entity can hold 10% or more
• Adequate infrastructure to discharge regulatory duties
Ques : India will launch 52 spy satellites in the coming how many years?
A. 2 Years
B. 3 Years
C. 5 Years
D. 7 Years
E. 10 Years
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• As per IN-SPACe Chairman Pawan Kumar Goenka, India will launch 52 spy satellites
over the next 5 years to enhance the surveillance capabilities of the Army, Navy, and
Air Force.
• The project is a joint effort of ISRO, IN-SPACe, and the private space sector.
• Half of the satellites will be built by the private sector, and the remaining by ISRO.
• The constellation will aid in real-time enemy tracking, border monitoring, and
coordination of military operations.
• The broader vision includes defence-space integration, indigenization of
surveillance technology, and greater private participation.
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Ques: Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh are jointly establishing India’s first interstate
cheetah conservation corridor. What is the total area of this wildlife corridor?
A. 10,000 sq km
B. 12,500 sq km
C. 15,000 sq km
D. 17,000 sq km
E. 20,000 sq km
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• India’s first interstate cheetah conservation corridor is being developed jointly by
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, covering a total area of 17,000 square kilometers.
• 10,500 sq km of this corridor lies in Madhya Pradesh and 6,500 sq km in Rajasthan.
• It will span 27 districts — 12 in MP and 13 in Rajasthan.
• Key districts in Rajasthan include Kota, Bundi, Baran, Jhalawar, Sawai Madhopur,
Karauli, and Chittorgarh.
• The corridor will link Palpur Kuno National Park and Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary in MP
with the Mukundara Hills Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan.
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Ques: When will India officially launch chip-based e-passports for international
travel?
A. January 2025
B. April 2025
C. May 2025
D. July 2025
E. December 2025
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• India will launch chip-based e-passports nationwide starting May 2025, as per the
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).
• Developed in collaboration with the India Security Press (ISP), Nashik, these e-
passports are aimed at enhancing travel security, preventing forgery, and
modernizing the immigration process.
• Each e-passport will be embedded with a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
chip, integrated into the traditional passport booklet.
• The pilot phase began on April 1, 2024, under the Passport Seva Programme Version
2.0.
• Currently, they are being issued in select cities like Chennai, Jaipur, Hyderabad,
Nagpur, Amritsar, Goa, Raipur, Surat, Ranchi, Bhubaneswar, Jammu, and Shimla.
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Ques: Why did Nicaragua decide to withdraw from UNESCO in 2025?
A. Due to financial constraints
B. Due to climate disagreement
C. In protest of a press freedom award
D. Due to UNESCO reforms
E. For joining another UN body
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Nicaragua announced its withdrawal from UNESCO (United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organisation), headquartered in Paris, France, in response to
the agency’s decision to honor the exiled Nicaraguan newspaper La Prensa with the
2025 UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize.
• The announcement was made on World Press Freedom Day – May 3, 2025.
• Nicaragua became a UNESCO member in 1952, and as per UNESCO’s constitution,
its 74-year membership will officially end on December 31, 2026.
About Nicaragua :
• Capital : Managua
• Currency : Nicaraguan Córdoba
• President : Jose Daniel Ortega Saavedra
Ques : What is the total outlay of the scheme approved by the Cabinet for upgrading
ITIs and setting up five National Centres of Excellence for Skilling?
A. Rs.10,000 crore
B. Rs.25,000 crore
C. Rs.60,000 crore
D. Rs.75,000 crore
E. Rs.90,000 crore
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has approved a
Rs.60,000 crore scheme.
• The scheme focuses on upgrading 1,000 Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and
setting up five National Centres of Excellence for Skilling.
• This initiative aims to train 20 lakh youth with industry-aligned vocational skills
over the next five years.
• Funding Structure: Central Govt: Rs.30,000 crore, State Govts: Rs.20,000 crore,
Industry: Rs.10,000 crore and Co-financing from ADB and World Bank
• Implementation will follow an industry-led SPV model and align with the Viksit
Bharat 2047 vision.
• NSTI infrastructure upgrades are planned in Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Hyderabad,
Kanpur, and Ludhiana.
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Ques: Who won the Sudirman Cup 2025 World Mixed Team Badminton
Championship?
A. India
B. Japan
C. South Korea
D. Malaysia
E. China
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• China secured their 14th Sudirman Cup title by defeating South Korea in the final
held in Xiamen, China.
• The Sudirman Cup, organized by the Badminton World Federation (BWF), is the
premier World Mixed Team Badminton Championship.
• The tournament was first held in 1989.
• India has reached the quarter-finals twice (2011 and 2017) but is yet to win a medal
in the tournament.
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Ques: Which Ministry has directed states to conduct mock drills to evaluate civil
defence preparedness in 2025?
A. Ministry of Defence
B. Ministry of Home Affairs
C. Ministry of External Affairs
D. Ministry of Civil Aviation
E. Ministry of Environment
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has directed several states to conduct Civil
Defence Exercises in 244 Civil Defence Districts across the country.
• The Civil Defence Exercise aims to evaluate preparedness of civilians and
government systems during wartime or disaster emergencies.
• The drill assesses:
• The effectiveness of air raid warning systems
• Communication links with the Indian Air Force
• Evacuation planning and camouflaging vital installations
• The last major drill of this nature was conducted prior to the 1971 India-Pakistan
war.
• The legal framework for such drills is provided under the Civil Defence Act, 1968,
enacted after the 1962 and 1965 wars, which allows formation of Civil Defence Corps
and Enables the creation of rules and regulations for civil protection in the event of
hostile attacks from air, land, or sea.
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Ques: What is the name of India’s first Transmedia Entertainment City to be
developed in Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh?
A. CineHub India
B. Creatorland
C. Amaravati VFX City
D. MediaWorld
E. Bharatwood
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Andhra Pradesh Government and CreativeLand Asia (CLA) Limited have
partnered to develop ‘Creatorland’, India’s first Transmedia Entertainment City, in
Amaravati.
• This initiative was announced during WAVES 2025 (World Audio Visual and
Entertainment Summit) held in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• The project expects an investment of Rs.8,000 to Rs.10,000 crore over the next 5–
6 years.
• Additionally, the Creatorland Academy will train over 10,000 youth annually in
emerging fields like VFX, AI, gaming, and immersive storytelling.
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Ques: Where did DRDO conduct the maiden flight-trials of the Stratospheric Airship
Platform?
A. Sheopur, Madhya Pradesh
B. Agra, Uttar Pradesh
C. Pokhran, Rajasthan
D. Balasore, Odisha
E. Jaisalmer, Rajasthan
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully
conducted maiden flight trials of the Stratospheric Airship Platform at the Sheopur
trial site in Madhya Pradesh.
• Developed by Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment (ADRDE),
Agra, this high-altitude airship carried an instrumental payload to ~17 km altitude.
• The test flight lasted approximately 62 minutes, marking a significant milestone in
India’s high-altitude surveillance and communication capabilities.
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Ques: What does the term ‘Orange Economy’ refer to, as highlighted by PM Modi at
WAVES 2025?
A. Renewable energy sector
B. Agricultural exports
C. Creative and cultural industries
D. Textile and handicrafts sector
E. Tourism and hospitality industry
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi promoted the ‘Orange Economy’ at the World Audio
Visual and Entertainment Summit (WAVES) 2025 in Mumbai, urging global companies
to “Create in India, Create for the World.”
• The Orange Economy, also known as the Creative Economy, includes economic
activities based on culture, art, media, innovation, and intellectual property (IP).
• It covers a wide range of sectors like film, music, gaming, design, publishing,
performing arts, advertising, and digital content creation.
Key characteristics:
• Culture-Centric: Based on local heritage, arts, and language
• Talent-Driven: Focuses on human creativity and digital innovation
• IP-Based Revenue: Monetizes through copyrights, patents, and trademarks
• Employment Generating: High job potential in tech and media sectors
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Ques: Who is the Chairman of the Committee on Estimates (CoE) for the fiscal year
2025–26?
A. Jayant Sinha
B. Dr. Sanjay Jaiswal
C. Rajeev Chandrasekhar
D. Arjun Ram Meghwal
E. Baijayant Panda
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Committee on Estimates (CoE) for FY 2025–26 comprises 30 members, all from
the Lok Sabha, with tenure from May 1, 2025, to April 30, 2026. It is chaired by Dr.
Sanjay Jaiswal, BJP MP from Paschim Champaran, Bihar.
• The Committee on Public Undertakings (CoPU) for FY26 includes 22 members – 15
from Lok Sabha and 7 from Rajya Sabha. The chairman is Baijayant ‘Jay’ Panda, BJP
MP from Kendrapara, Odisha.
Ques : What name did the first American Pope Robert Prevost choose upon his
election?
A. John Paul III
B. Leo XIV
C. Benedict XVII
D. Francis II
E. Pius XIII
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• Robert Prevost, a 69-year-old Augustinian missionary and Chicago native (also a
citizen of Peru), was elected as the first American Pope in the 2,000-year history of
the Catholic Church.
• Upon election, he chose the name Leo XIV, breaking traditional taboos that avoided
choosing Popes from the United States.
• He succeeded Pope Francis and delivered his first address from St. Peter’s Basilica,
focusing on peace and evangelisation.
• His election marks a significant shift in the global religious landscape, and was
celebrated with cheers of “Viva il Papa!” in St. Peter’s Square.
• Interestingly, despite being American, he addressed the public in Italian and
Spanish, not in English.
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Ques: What is the maximum range of Pakistan’s Abdali Weapon System as per its
latest test in 2025?
A. 200 km
B. 250 km
C. 300 km
D. 450 km
E. 500 km
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Pakistan recently conducted a successful training launch of the Abdali (Hatf-II)
Weapon System, developed by SUPARCO – Pakistan’s Space and Upper Atmosphere
Research Commission.
• Abdali is a short-range, road-mobile, solid-fuel ballistic missile intended for tactical
battlefield deployment.
• It is capable of carrying both conventional and nuclear warheads, making it a dual-
capability system.
• The latest test in 2025 has doubled its earlier range, now claiming a maximum range
of 450 kilometers, compared to the previously reported 180–200 km.
• It can carry a single warhead (high explosive, submunitions, or conventional) with a
payload capacity of 250–500 kg.
Ques: Where has the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT) received approval to
establish a new off-campus centre in 2025?
A. Bengaluru
B. Mumbai
C. Hyderabad
D. GIFT City, Gandhinagar
E. Chennai
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Education has approved the establishment of an off-campus centre
of IIFT at GIFT City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
• The new campus will operate under the UGC (Institutions Deemed to be
Universities) Regulations, 2023.
• It will offer IIFT’s prestigious MBA in International Business, along with short-term
training and research programmes in international trade.
• IIFT, established in 1963 under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, is a premier
institution focused on capacity building in global trade.
• It became a Deemed University in 2002, is NAAC A+ rated, and AACSB-accredited,
placing it among globally elite business schools.
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Ques : International Day of the Midwife observed every year on which day ?
(a) 5 May
(b) 6 May
(c) 7 May
(d) 8 May
(e) 9 May
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• The International Day of the Midwife (IDM) is observed globally on 5 May each year
to highlight the vital role midwives play in maternal and newborn care.
• The theme for 2025 was “Midwives: Critical in Every Crisis”, emphasizing their
essential role in emergency and crisis situations.
• In line with the theme, the World Health Organization (WHO) hosted a special
webinar titled “Midwives in Emergencies” on 5 May 2025, highlighting their
contributions in challenging environments.
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LQues : What restrictions did the RBI withdraw to ease FPI investments in corporate
debt securities?
A. Minimum capital and reporting limit
B. Short-term investment limit and concentration limit
C. Tax-related disclosures
D. Exchange rate cap
E. Lock-in period and exit norms
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has eased investment norms for Foreign Portfolio
Investors (FPIs) in corporate debt securities via the general route.
• Two key restrictions have been withdrawn : Short-term investment limit, which
capped FPI holdings in short-term instruments. And Concentration limit, which
restricted the FPI exposure to a single corporate issuer.
• These changes aim to simplify the investment process and boost FPI participation
in India’s corporate bond market.
• However, FPIs must still comply with overall investment ceilings and
macroprudential regulations under the General Route 1 framework.
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Ques: Why did the RBI approve the formation of a “Committee of Executives” at
IndusInd Bank?
A. To expand rural operations
B. Due to RBI inspection findings
C. To implement digital banking reforms
D. For launching a new product line
E. Following resignation of the CEO
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the formation of an interim “Committee
of Executives” to oversee IndusInd Bank’s operations.
• This step was taken after the resignation of the bank’s Managing Director and CEO,
Sumant Kathpalia.
• The committee includes Soumitra Sen (Head of Consumer Banking) and Anil Rao
(Chief Administrative Officer), and will function for up to three months or until a new
CEO is appointed.
• The committee will report to the Oversight Committee of the Board, chaired by
Sunil Mehta, the Chairman of IndusInd Bank.
Ques: According to SBI's report, what is the expected range of India’s CPI inflation
for Q1 FY26 (April–June 2025)?
A. Above 6%
B. Between 4% and 5%
C. Below 3%
D. Between 3% and 4%
E. Between 5% and 6%
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• According to the State Bank of India (SBI), India's retail inflation, measured by the
Consumer Price Index (CPI), is expected to remain below 3% in Q1 FY26 (April to June
2025).
• This optimistic projection follows a drop in CPI inflation to 3.34% in March 2025,
which was a 67-month low, driven by a notable decline in food prices.
• Additionally, SBI forecasts nominal GDP growth for FY26 to be between 9% and
9.5%, slightly below the Union Budget estimate of 10%.
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LQues: Which company has launched India’s first Model Context Protocol (MCP)
server for a payment gateway?
A. Paytm
B. Razorpay
C. PhonePe
D. CCAvenue
E. Google Pay
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• Razorpay Software Private Limited has launched India’s first Model Context
Protocol (MCP) server for a payment gateway.
• The MCP server, developed by Anthropic, enables AI systems (like AI Assistants) to
Create payment links, Initiate refunds and Manage transactions
• These tasks can now be carried out without traditional dashboards or APIs, offering
seamless AI-driven financial operations.
• This marks a major leap from earlier methods where businesses used the Razorpay
dashboard for initiating and authorizing payments.
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Ques: What is the maximum cashless treatment benefit provided per person under
the Cashless Treatment of Road Accident Victims Scheme, 2025?
A. Rs.50,000
B. Rs.1 lakh
C. Rs.1.5 lakh
D. Rs.2 lakh
E. Rs.75,000
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) launched the Cashless
Treatment of Road Accident Victims Scheme, 2025, effective from May 5, 2025. It is
implemented by the National Health Authority (NHA).
• The scheme provides cashless treatment of up to Rs.1.5 lakh per accident per
person.
• It covers medical treatment for up to 7 days from the date of the accident.
• The total outlay for FY26 is Rs.272 crore.
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Ques: Who assumed the role of Acting President of South Korea after Han Duck-
soo’s resignation in 2025?
A. Yoon Suk Yeol
B. Park Jin
C. Kim Dae-jung
D. Lee Ju-ho
E. Moon Jae-in
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• Han Duck-soo, the Acting President and Prime Minister of South Korea, resigned to
contest in the upcoming presidential election set for June 3, 2025.
• This comes after the impeachment of President Yoon Suk Yeol in December 2024
due to his controversial martial law declaration.
• Following Han’s resignation, Education Minister Lee Ju-ho was appointed as Acting
President, marking the fourth leadership change in a short span since December
2024.
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Ques : Which stadium will host the final match of the 2027 Women’s World Cup in
Brazil?
A. Estádio Nacional
B. Arena Corinthians
C. Maracana Stadium
D. Morumbi Stadium
E. Arena da Baixada
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• FIFA has announced Brazil as the host of the 2027 Women’s World Cup — the first-
ever edition to be held in South America.
• Eight venues have been selected, with the final match scheduled at the iconic
Maracana Stadium in Rio de Janeiro.
• Other host cities include Belo Horizonte, Brasília, Fortaleza, Porto Alegre, Recife,
Salvador, and São Paulo.
• Most of these stadiums were also used during the 2014 Men’s FIFA World Cup,
reaffirming Brazil’s continued prominence as a global football hub.
• The event is expected to significantly boost the visibility and development of
women’s football across South America.
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Ques: Which flagship Indian scheme is being showcased at the World Bank Land
Conference 2025 for digital land reforms?
A. SVAMITVA Scheme
B. MGNREGA
C. PM-KISAN
D. PM Fasal Bima Yojana
E. UDAY Scheme
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• India is leading global dialogue on digital land reforms and climate-aligned
governance at the World Bank Land Conference 2025, held from May 5 to 8 in
Washington, D.C., USA.
• A high-level Indian delegation, led by Vivek Bharadwaj, Secretary of the Ministry of
Panchayati Raj, is participating.
• India is presenting its flagship SVAMITVA Scheme and Gram Manchitra platform at
the event.
• The theme of the conference is “Securing Land Tenure and Access for Climate
Action: Moving from Awareness to Action.”
About SVAMITVA (Survey of Villages and Mapping with Improvised Technology in
Village Areas) scheme :
• Launched : Panchayati Raj Diwas (April 24th), 2020
• Implemented By : Ministry of Panchayati Raj
• Technology : Drone Surveying for property mapping
• Aim : To provide an integrated property validation solution for rural India
• The scheme has so far issued property cards to over 24.4 million households across
1.6 lakh villages, covering more than 100 million property parcels
Ques : What is the total foodgrain production target for 2025-26 crop year as set by
the Indian government?
A. 330.97 million tonnes
B. 341.55 million tonnes
C. 354.64 million tonnes
D. 368.00 million tonnes
E. 315.61 million tonnes
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Government of India has set a foodgrain production target of 354.64 million
tonnes (MT) for the 2025–26 crop year (July–June).
• This represents a 4% increase from the 2024–25 target of 341.55 MT.
• The target was announced by the Union Agriculture Ministry during a national Kharif
strategy conference chaired by Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan.
• The revision follows the IMD’s forecast of an above-normal monsoon, which is
expected to support better Agri-GVA growth.
• Crop-wise targets : Rice: 147 MT (+8%), Wheat: 117 MT (+2%) and Kharif contribution:
168.88 MT
• Current year’s foodgrain production so far stands at 330.97 MT, excluding summer
crops.
• The agriculture sector’s GVA growth is projected at 3.8% in FY25, compared to 1.4%
in FY24.
• The Viksit Bharat Sankalp Abhiyan (May 29–June 12) will promote awareness on
modern farming techniques and seed varieties.
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Ques: What is the purpose of the Multi-Influence Ground Mine (MIGM) recently
validated by DRDO and the Indian Navy?
A. Targeting modern stealth ships and submarines
B. Neutralizing aerial threats
C. Missile guidance in space warfare
D. Surveillance in high-altitude terrains
E. Intercepting ballistic missiles
Answer : Option A
Explanation :
• The Multi-Influence Ground Mine (MIGM) is an advanced underwater naval mine
developed by DRDO, led by the Naval Science & Technological Laboratory,
Visakhapatnam.
• It is designed to enhance India's naval defence by targeting modern stealth ships
and submarines.
• Collaborating DRDO labs include HEMRL (Pune) and TBRL (Chandigarh).
• Bharat Dynamics Limited (Visakhapatnam) and Apollo Microsystems Limited
(Hyderabad) are the production partners.
About DRDO :
• Established : 1958
• HQ : New Delhi
• Chairman : Sameer V. Kamat
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Ques: Which organization developed the upgraded Health Management Information
System (HMIS) platform under the Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS)?
A. National Informatics Centre (NIC)
B. Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
C. Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC)
D. Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
E. Infosys
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched an upgraded version of its
Health Management Information System (HMIS) under the Central Government
Health Scheme (CGHS).
• The platform was developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced
Computing (C-DAC), functioning under the Ministry of Electronics and Information
Technology.
• Alongside HMIS, the CGHS mobile application was also re-launched with enhanced
digital services and an upgraded interface.
Key features of the upgraded system include:
• Permanent Account Number (PAN)-based identification of beneficiaries
• Real-time tracking
• Automated payment verification
• Fully online application workflows
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Ques: Who recently visited India to strengthen UK-India cultural ties and
cooperation in creative sectors?
A. Rishi Sunak
B. David Cameron
C. James Cleverly
D. Suella Braverman
E. Lisa Nandy
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• In an effort to promote cooperation in a range of creative fields and deepen cultural
links, Lisa Nandy, the UK's Secretary of State for Culture, Media, and Sport, traveled
to India for three days.
• The UK-India Programme of Cultural Cooperation seeks to foster long-term
collaborations between creative enterprises and cultural institutions in both nations
as well as to strengthen bilateral cultural interactions through the arts and heritage.
• In accordance with this new agreement, the UK and India will collaborate closely to
support best practices and knowledge in museum management, heritage
conservation, and collection digitization.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the 10th Chancellor of Germany, replacing Olaf
Scholz?
A. Olaf Scholz
B. Annalena Baerbock
C. Friedrich Merz
D. Armin Laschet
E. Frank-Walter Steinmeier
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Friedrich Merz, leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party, has been
appointed as the 10th Chancellor of Germany.
• He was elected by the Bundestag (German Parliament) and will serve a 4-year term.
• He replaces Olaf Scholz as Chancellor.
• Notably, this marks the first time since World War II that a German Chancellor was
elected in the second round of parliamentary voting, reflecting a significant moment
in German political history.
• Bundestag is the national Parliament of Germany, whose members are elected by
the German public
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Ques : What is the main objective of Mukhyamantri Neera Samvardhan Yojana
launched by Bihar Government?
A. Promote tourism in rural areas
B. Ban toddy tapping
C. Support toddy tappers and increase neera production
D. Export neera to foreign countries
E. Replace sugar with neera in all state products
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Mukhyamantri Neera Samvardhan Yojana has been launched by the Bihar
Government to boost neera (palm nectar) production and support toddy tappers.
• Implemented by the Prohibition, Excise, and Registration Department in
collaboration with Jeevika, this scheme offers livelihood support.
• Around 20,000 toddy tappers will receive Rs.8 per litre as incentive via Direct
Benefit Transfer (DBT).
• The plan includes utilizing 2 lakh palm trees, with Rs.30 per tree for identification
and Rs.15,600 for owners of 10+ trees.
• Districts like Nalanda, Gaya, Muzaffarpur, and Vaishali have the highest toddy
tapper populations.
• Neera kiosks are being set up, especially in Nalanda, to promote its sale as a
nutritious, non-alcoholic drink.
• The scheme aligns with Bihar's alcohol prohibition policy, offering neera as a
healthy alternative and source of income.
• This move follows Tejashwi Yadav’s call for amending the Prohibition Act, reflecting
a shift toward sustainable livelihoods.
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Ques: What is the name of India’s first dedicated transhipment and semi-automated
port commissioned by PM Modi in Kerala?
A. Cochin Port
B. Tuticorin Port
C. Vizhinjam Port
D. Paradip Port
E. Ennore Port
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Vizhinjam International Deepwater Multipurpose Seaport in Thiruvananthapuram,
Kerala was commissioned by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• It is India’s first dedicated transhipment and semi-automated port.
• The port follows a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model under a landlord
structure.
• Owned by the Government of Kerala and operated by Adani Ports & SEZ, the port
will be fully operational by December 2024 and completely developed by 2028.
• It is located just 10 nautical miles from international shipping routes, offering major
strategic advantages.
• Owned by the Government of Kerala and operated by Adani Ports & SEZ under a 40-
year concession.
• Adani Vizhinjam Port will pay the government a share of the revenue generated
when all four phases are operational from 2034.
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Ques: Who inaugurated the 22nd edition of the Bharat Telecom event held in New
Delhi?
A. Ashwini Vaishnaw
B. Rajeev Chandrasekhar
C. Jyotiraditya Scindia
D. Devusinh Chauhan
E. Nirmala Sitharaman
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The 22nd edition of Bharat Telecom was held in New Delhi.
• It was inaugurated by Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia, who handles the Ministry
of Communications and Development of North Eastern Region.
• The event was jointly organized by the Telecom Equipment and Services Export
Promotion Council (TEPC) and the Department of Telecommunications (DoT).
• TEPC was established in 2009, is headquartered in New Delhi, and its Chairman is
Arnob Roy.
Ques: Who was appointed as the Chairperson of the Public Accounts Committee
(PAC) of the Indian Parliament in 2025?
A. Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury
B. Mallikarjun Kharge
C. K C Venugopal
D. Shashi Tharoor
E. Rahul Gandhi
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Senior Indian National Congress (INC) leader K C Venugopal was appointed as the
Chairperson of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC), one of the most prominent
parliamentary committees.
• He was appointed by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla, and his tenure will last until April
2026.
• This appointment follows the long-standing 1967 convention that the PAC
Chairperson is selected from the principal opposition party in the Lok Sabha.
• The PAC plays a crucial role in auditing the expenditure of the Government of India
and ensuring accountability.
About Public Accounts Committee :
• Established : 1921 (pre-independence), reconstituted in 1950 (postindependence)
• Composition : 22 members (15 from Lok Sabha and 7 from Rajya Sabha)
• The PAC ensures accountability in the utilization of public funds by examining audit
reports from the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)
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Ques: When is World Asthma Day observed in 2025, and what is its theme?
A. 4 May
B. 6 May
C. 7 May
D. 9 May
E. 10 May
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• World Asthma Day 2025 was observed on 6 May 2025, the first Tuesday of May.
• The theme for this year was “Make Inhaled Treatments Accessible for ALL”.
• The day aims to raise awareness and improve care around asthma globally.
Jean-Lucien Kwassi Lanyo Savi de Tové Appointed as First President under Togo’s
new parliamentary system of Parliament of Togo (Togolese Republic) for Four-year
Term. He Replaced Faure Gnassingbe.
India has successfully test-fired an advanced underwater naval mine designed to
enhance the Navy's capabilities against modern stealth ships and submarines. It is
developed by the Naval Science and Technological Laboratory, Visakhapatnam in
collaboration with other DRDO laboratories.
In Tripura, Rangacherra village has earned the distinction of becoming the first green
village in the state due to the efforts of the state government. The Tripura Renewable
Energy Development Agency (TREDA) is the implementing authority of the green
village.
Global Space Exploration Conference 2025 12th Edition Held at New Delhi and
Inaugurated by Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and
Technology, Dr. Jitendra Singh. The Theme is Reaching New Worlds: A Space
Exploration Renaissance. Last edition held in Oslo, Norway (2023)
Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Vishnu Deo Sai laid the foundation stone for India’s first
Artificial Intelligence based Data Centre Park in Nava Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The first
phase will commence with a capacity of 5 MegaWatts with plans to expand up to 150
MW
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques
:
As per SEBI
'
s proposal
,
what is the minimum outstanding debt value for an
entity to be classified as a High Value Debt Listed Entity
(
HVDLE
)?
A
.
Rs
.500
crore
B
.
Rs
.750
crore
C
.
Rs
.1,000
crore
D
.
Rs
.1,500
crore
E
.
Rs
.2,000
crore
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
The Securities and Exchange Board of India
(
SEBI
)
released a consultation paper in
May
2025
proposing enhanced disclosure norms for High Value Debt Listed Entities
(
HVDLE
).
•
Entities with listed non
-
convertible debt securities of
₹
1,000
crore or more fall
under the HVDLE category
.
Key proposals include
:
•
Secretarial Compliance Report to be filed within
60
days of financial year
-
end
.
•
Periodic Compliance Report with all material Related Party Transactions
(
RPTs
)
to
be submitted within
21
days of each half
-
year
.
•
Audit Committee review and approval of all long
-
term and recurring RPTs
.
•
Debenture Trustees must issue a No Objection Certificate
(
NOC
)
for RPTs
.
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.
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Ques
:
What is the name of the large
-
scale employee engagement and skill
development initiative launched by the State Bank of India
(
SBI
)?
A
.
SBI Udaan and Skill India
B
.
Digital Banker
2.0
C
.
FutureSBI and SkillNext
D
.
Next LEAP and SuPer SBI
E
.
SBI Shakti and GrowthX
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
The State Bank of India
(
SBI
)
has launched two major initiatives
—‘
Next LEAP
’
and
‘
SuPer SBI
:
Great to Greater
’—
aimed at employee engagement and skill development
.
•
This is the largest such programme in India
’
s banking sector
,
designed to train
2.3
lakh employees with future
-
ready skills
.
•
The initiative also seeks to boost organi
z
ational pride and align staff capabilities
with evolving banking needs
.
No
.
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Ques
:
How much penalty did the Reserve Bank of India
(
RBI
)
impose on State Bank
of India
(
SBI
)
in May
2025?
A
.
Rs
.2
crore
B
.
Rs
.1
crore
C
.
Rs
.1.72
crore
D
.
Rs
.75
lakh
E
.
Rs
.50
lakh
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
In May
2025,
the Reserve Bank of India
(
RBI
)
penalised State Bank of India
(
SBI
)
and
Jana Small Finance Bank for non
-
compliance with regulatory norms
.
•
SBI was fined Rs
.1.72
crore for failing to comply with certain RBI directions
.
•
Jana Small Finance Bank was fined Rs
.1
crore for contravening provisions of the
Banking Regulation Act
,
1949.
•
These penalties highlight RBI
’
s strict enforcement of regulatory frameworks in
India
’
s banking system
.
Ques
:
Which two foreign banks reported the highest net additions of credit cards in
FY
25,
reflecting growth in India
’
s digital economy
?
A
.
Citi Bank and Barclays
B
.
HSBC and American Express
C
.
Standard Chartered and DBS
D
.
HSBC and Standard Chartered
E
.
American Express and Citi Bank
Answer
:
Option B
.
Explanation
:
•
The Reserve Bank of India
(
RBI
)
recently revealed data showing that American
Express and HSBC were the top foreign banks with notable gains
.
•
HSBC added
216,997
credit cards in FY
25,
recovering strongly from a net decline of
38,693
cards in the previous fiscal year
.
•
American Express also showed a sharp increase
,
adding
107,086
cards in FY
25,
compared to just
11,450
in FY
24.
•
This growth highlights rising consumer credit demand amid India
'
s expanding digital
economy
.
•
On the other hand
,
Standard Chartered experienced a net loss of
158,322
cards in
FY
25.
No
.
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Ques
:
Which Japanese bank has agreed to acquire
20
%
stake in YES Bank in a deal
worth Rs
.13,483
crore
?
A
.
Mi
z
uho Bank
B
.
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation
C
.
Bank of Japan
D
.
Nomura Holdings
E
.
Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group
Answer
:
Option B
Explanation
:
•
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation
(
SMBC
),
the second
-
largest banking group in
Japan
,
has agreed to acquire a
20
%
stake in YES Bank
.
•
The acquisition includes
13.19
%
stake from State Bank of India
(
SBI
)
for Rs
.8,889
crore at Rs
21.50
per share and
6.81
%
from other banks like ICICI
,
HDFC
,
Axis
,
Kotak
,
Bandhan
,
etc
.
•
Total deal value
:
Rs
13,483
crore
•
Post
-
transaction
,
SBI will retain over
10
%
stake
,
down from
23.97
%
(
as of March
2025).
•
The deal requires approval from the Reserve Bank of India
(
RBI
)
and the
Competition Commission of India
(
CCI
).
•
SMBC
'
s Indian operations include SMFG India Credit
,
and it has total assets of
$2
trillion
(
as of December
2024).
No
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Ques
:
Recently which Bank launched the Solitaire Credit Card
?
(
a
)
ICICI Bank
(
b
)
State Bank of India
(
c
)
Kotak Mahindra Bank
(
d
)
HDFC Bank
(
e
)
Axis Bank
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
Kotak Solitaire Credit Card Launched by Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited
•
The target is High
-
Net
-
Worth Individuals
(
HNIs
)
under its Solitaire Program
•
It is available exclusively to Solitaire Program customers with a Total Relationship
Value
(
TRV
)
of Rs
.
75
lakh
(
savings accounts
)
or Rs
.
1
crore
(
current accounts
)
•
Annual fee charge is Rs
.
25,000
+
taxes
(
waived for Solitaire Program customers
)
and no joining fee
About Kotak Mahindra Bank
:
•
Established
:
2003
•
HQ
:
Mumbai
•
MD
&
CEO
:
Ashok Vaswani
•
Tagline
:
Let
'
s make money simple
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Ques
:
Which country
’
s drone named
'
Songar
'
is reportedly used by Pakistan against
India
?
A
.
China
B
.
Russia
C
.
Turkey
D
.
Iran
E
.
USA
Answer
:
Option B
Explanation
:
•
The Songar drone is an armed Unmanned Aerial System
(
UAS
)
developed by
Asisguard
,
a Turkish defense company
.
•
It was first launched in April
2019
and officially inducted by the Turkish Armed
Forces in early
2020.
•
Recently
,
it has been reportedly used by Pakistan against India
,
marking the first
documented deployment of this drone in such a context
.
•
Equipped with weapons like
5.56
mm rifles
,
grenade launchers
,
and mortars
,
Songar
drones are capable of conducting precision strikes and surveillance missions
.
•
These drones support GPS
+
GLONASS navigation
,
manual
/
autonomous operation
,
and have day
/
night combat capabilities
.
Ques
:
Which state government Laucnhed Pandit Lakhmi Chand Kalakar Samajik
Samman Yojana
?
(
a
)
Uttar Pradesh
(
b
)
Punjab
(
c
)
Haryana
(
d
)
Madhya Pradesh
(
e
)
Rajasthan
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
The Pandit Lakhmi Chand Kalakar Samajik Samman Yojana was launched by the
Haryana government to financially support senior artists who have significantly
contributed to arts like singing
,
acting
,
dance
,
drama
,
and visual arts
.
•
It offers monthly honorariums of Rs
.10,000
(
or Rs
.7,000
based on income
)
to
residents aged
60
or above with at least
20
years of artistic contribution
.
Annual income of up to Rs
.1.80
lakh qualifies for full honorarium
.
Those earning
between Rs
.1.80
lakh and Rs
.3
lakh will receive Rs
.7,000
monthly
.
•
Parivar Pehchan Patra
(
PPP
)
will be used to verify age and income eligibility
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.
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Ques
:
What technology is used in India
'
s newly launched chip
-
based e
-
passports
?
A
.
NFC
B
.
RFID
C
.
QR Code
D
.
Blockchain
E
.
OTP
-
based Encryption
Answer
:
Option B
Explanation
:
•
The Government of India has launched chip
-
based e
-
passports nationwide to
enhance document security and streamline the immigration process
.
•
These passports contain an embedded RFID
(
Radio Frequency Identification
)
chip
that securely stores biometric data
,
including name
,
date of birth
,
photo
,
and
fingerprints
,
in both printed and encrypted forms
.
•
This initiative complies with International Civil Aviation Organi
z
ation
(
ICAO
)
standards
,
ensuring global acceptance of the document
.
•
The e
-
passports were piloted in
12
cities
,
including Chennai
,
Hyderabad
,
Jaipur
,
and
Goa
,
before the national rollout
.
•
Benefits include protection against tampering
,
faster immigration clearance
,
and
stronger identity verification
.
Ques
:
Which Indian cricketer announced his retirement from Test cricket in
2025
while continuing to play ODIs
?
A
.
Virat Kohli
B
.
Cheteshwar Pujara
C
.
Rohit Sharma
D
.
Ravichandran Ashwin
E
.
KL Rahul
Answer
:
Option C
.
Explanation
:
•
Indian cricketer Rohit Sharma
,
aged
38,
retired from Test cricket with immediate
effect in
2025
after a run of underwhelming performances
.
•
He made his Test debut in
2013,
scoring
177
against West Indies at Eden Gardens
,
the second
-
highest score by an Indian on debut
.
•
Rohit played
67
Tests
,
scoring
4,301
runs at an average of
40.57,
with
12
centuries
and
18
fifties
;
his highest score was
212
vs
.
South Africa
(2019).
•
He captained India in
24
Test matches from February
2022,
winning
12.
He
continues to represent India in One Day Internationals
(
ODIs
).
•
He was honoured with the Arjuna Award
(2015)
and Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna
Award
(2020)
for his contributions to Indian sports
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Ques
:
Under the expanded Credit Guarantee Scheme for Startups
(
CGSS
),
what is
the new maximum ceiling of guarantee cover per borrower
?
A
.
Rs
.5
crore
B
.
Rs
.10
crore
C
.
Rs
.15
crore
D
.
Rs
.20
crore
E
.
Rs
.25
crore
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
Under the expanded Credit Guarantee Scheme for Startups
(
CGSS
),
the maximum
ceiling for guarantee cover per borrower has been increased from Rs
.10
crore to
Rs
.20
crore
.
•
The new scheme provides
85
%
guarantee cover for loans up to Rs
.10
crore and
75
%
guarantee cover for loans above Rs
.10
crore
.
•
This move aims to provide enhanced credit support to startups
,
especially in
27
Champion Sectors under the Make in India initiative
.
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.
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Ques
:
Which state Government Announces Biopic on Ahilyabai Holkar for
300
th
Birth Anniversary
?
(
a
)
Maharashtra
(
b
)
Karnataka
(
c
)
Gujarat
(
d
)
Tamil Nadu
(
e
)
Uttar Pradesh
Answer
:
Option A
Explanation
:
•
To mark the
300
th birth anniversary of Maharani Ahilyabai Holkar
,
the Maharashtra
Government
,
led by CM Devendra Fadnavis
,
announced several initiatives
.
•
These include the development of her memorial at Chaundi
,
welfare measures for
the Dhangar community
,
and a biographical film
(
biopic
)
based on her life
.
•
Uniquely
,
the state cabinet met for the first time in Chondi
,
her birthplace
,
also
now referred to as Ahilyanagar
.
•
Ahilyabai Holkar is celebrated for her patronage of temple architecture
,
just rule
,
and military leadership
.
Her renovation of the Kashi Vishwanath Temple in
1780
is
one of her most famous contributions
.
•
British historian John Keay referred to her as
"
The Philosopher Queen
."
Ques
:
What is the name of the advanced air defence missile system used by the
Indian Air Force to intercept aerial threats on May
7–8,
2025?
A
.
Akash
B
.
Barak
8
C
.
S
-400
'
Sudarshan Chakra
'
D
.
Prithvi Air Defence
E
.
Iron Dome
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
The Indian Air Force
(
IAF
)
deployed its S
-400
'
Sudarshan Chakra
'
air defence missile
systems
,
along with the indigenous Akash
,
during a combat operation on May
7–8,
2025.
•
These systems successfully intercepted multiple Pakistani drones and missiles
aimed at
15
military locations across northern and western India
,
including Srinagar
,
Jammu
,
Amritsar
,
and Bhuj
.
•
The S
-400,
developed by Russia
’
s Alma
z
Central Design Bureau
,
is among the most
advanced long
-
range SAM systems in the world
,
capable of targeting up to
36
aerial
threats simultaneously
.
•
India signed the S
-400
deal in
2018
and began receiving deliveries in late
2021.
•
The Akash missile
,
with
96
%
indigenous content
,
is a short
-
range surface
-
to
-
air
missile developed by DRDO
,
and operates at ranges from
4.5
km to
25
km and
altitudes up to
20
km
.
It was inducted into the IAF in
2014
and in the Indian Army in
2015
No
.
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Ques
:
What is the main objective of the
‘
AI Pragya
’
initiative launched by UP CM
Yogi Adityanath
?
A
.
Promote digital agriculture
B
.
Train
10
lakh youth in AI
C
.
Distribute AI tablets to farmers
D
.
Build rural digital centers
E
.
Promote robotics in industries
Answer
:
Option B
Explanation
:
•
In May
2025,
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath launched two new
initiatives in collaboration with the World Bank
.
•
One of the key initiatives
,
AI Pragya
,
aims to digitally empower the youth of the
state
.
•
Its main goal is to train
10
lakh youth in Artificial Intelligence
(
AI
)
to prepare them
for the future job market and boost digital transformation in Uttar Pradesh
.
•
This initiative aligns with the state
'
s broader ambition to become a
$1-
trillion
economy
Ques
:
Who was appointed as the Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation
(
CBI
)
with a one
-
year extension in
2025?
A
.
Rakesh Asthana
B
.
Alok Verma
C
.
Praveen Sood
D
.
Subodh Jaiswal
E
.
Y C Modi
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
Praveen Sood was appointed as the Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation
(
CBI
)
and has been given a one
-
year extension in
2025.
•
CBI is neither a constitutional nor a statutory body
,
but derives its powers from the
Delhi Special Police Establishment
(
DSPE
)
Act
,
1946
•
The appointment and extension of the CBI Director is made by a three
-
member
committee consisting of The Prime Minister
(
as Chairman
),
The Leader of the
Opposition in the Lok Sabha
,
or if unavailable
,
the leader of the single largest party in
the Lok Sabha and The Chief Justice of India
•
This ensures transparency and non
-
partisan selection for the top investigative post
in the country
.
•
Tenure of the CBI Director is Fixed for
2
years
,
extendable annually up to
5
years
(
as
per DSPE Amendment Act
,
2021).
No
.
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Ques
:
Delhi to Conduct Five Cloud
-
Seeding Trials with which IIT
?
(
a
)
IIT Guwahati
(
b
)
IIT Delhi
(
c
)
IIT Madras
(
d
)
IIT Kanpur
(
e
)
IIT Roorkee
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
The Delhi cabinet has approved five cloud
-
seeding trials to combat high pollution
levels in the city
.
•
These trials
,
estimated at Rs
.55
lakh each
,
involve the technique of cloud seeding
,
which encourages artificial rainfall by dispersing substances into the atmosphere
.
•
IIT Kanpur will lead the planning and execution of the project
.
•
The initiative is seen as an innovative step toward weather
-
based pollution control
,
especially during the winter smog season in Delhi
.
Cloud Seeding Types
:
•
By speeding up the blending of droplets in liquid clouds
,
hygroscopic cloud seeding
makes them big enough to fall as rain
.
•
By adding ice
-
forming agents to supercooled clouds
,
a process known as
"
glaciogenic cloud seeding
,"
water vapor is transformed into ice crystals
,
which
eventually melt into rain
.
•
The method of creating precipitation using cloud seeding
,
a weather modification
technique
,
is known as
"
artificial rain
."
Its main purposes are to increase rainfall
,
fight
drought
,
and lower air pollution
.
Ques
:
When did India and Chile sign the Terms of Reference
(
ToR
)
for negotiating a
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement
(
CEPA
)?
A
.
01
May
2025
B
.
05
May
2025
C
.
08
May
2025
D
.
10
May
2025
E
.
30
April
2024
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
On
08
May
2025,
India and Chile officially signed the Terms of Reference
(
ToR
)
to
begin negotiations for a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement
(
CEPA
).
•
The ToR was signed by Chile
’
s Ambassador Juan Angulo and India
’
s Joint Secretary
Vimal Anand in New Delhi
.
•
This move builds upon earlier frameworks like the
2005
Framework Agreement
,
2006
PTA
,
and its
2017
expansion
,
aiming to broaden cooperation across digital
services
,
MSMEs
,
critical minerals
,
and investments
.
•
The first round of CEPA talks is scheduled from
26–30
May
2025
in New Delhi
,
demonstrating a shared goal to deepen economic and strategic partnerships
.
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.
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Ques
:
Which two foreign universities signed MoUs with the Maharashtra
government to establish campuses in Navi Mumbai
’
s EduCity
?
A
.
Harvard University and Oxford University
B
.
University of York and University of Western Australia
C
.
University of Cambridge and University of Sydney
D
.
MIT and University of Melbourne
E
.
Stanford University and University of Toronto
Answer
:
Option B
Explanation
:
•
The Maharashtra government signed MoUs worth
₹
3,000
crore with University of
York
(
UK
)
and University of Western Australia
(
UWA
)
to set up campuses in EduCity
,
Navi Mumbai
.
•
Each university has pledged Rs
.1,500
crore for the project
,
supported by CIDCO
(
City and Industrial Development Corporation
).
•
The agreements were formalised during the WAVES
2025
summit in Mumbai in the
presence of Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis
,
marking a major step in boosting
global education infrastructure in India
.
Ques
:
What is the primary objective of Maharashtra
’
s
‘
Adishakti Abhiyan
’
campaign
launched in
2025?
A
.
Empower women and ensure awareness of welfare schemes
B
.
Improve road infrastructure in tribal regions
C
.
Promote digital literacy among rural youth
D
.
Promote tourism in historical places
E
.
Encourage organic farming in villages
Answer
:
Option A
Explanation
:
•
The Adishakti Abhiyan is a women
’
s empowerment initiative by the Maharashtra
government that focuses on effective implementation and awareness of government
schemes for women and children
.
•
It tackles malnutrition
,
maternal and infant mortality
,
domestic violence
,
child
marriage
,
and sexual harassment
,
while promoting women
'
s participation in the
Panchayati Raj system
.
•
The initiative also includes Adishakti Awards to recogni
z
e outstanding contributions
at the taluka
,
district
,
and state levels
,
with a budget of
₹
10.50
crore approved for
the campaign
.
No
.
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Ques
:
Which loitering munition did India use against Pakistan
?
A
.
Akash
B
.
S
-400
C
.
HAROP
D
.
Astra
E
.
Pralay
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
India used Israeli
-
made IAI HAROP loitering munitions to strike Pakistani air defence
systems
,
including one in Lahore
.
•
The HAROP drone acts as a suicide drone
—
once it spots a target
,
it crashes into it
,
causing destruction
.
•
HAROP is an improved version of the older HARPY system
,
equipped with electro
-
optical targeting
,
which contributes to a
98
%
mission success rate
.
Ques
:
What is the name of the first Anti
-
Submarine Warfare
(
ASW
)
Shallow Water
Craft delivered by GRSE to the Indian Navy in
2025?
A
.
INS Kavaratti
B
.
INS Kadmatt
C
.
INS Kalvari
D
.
INS Arnala
E
.
INS Shivalik
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
INS Arnala is the first of eight ASW Shallow Water Craft delivered to the Indian Navy
by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
(
GRSE
)
Ltd
,
a Defence Public Sector
Undertaking
.
•
Built in collaboration with L
&
T Shipyard
,
the ship exemplifies successful public
-
private partnership in Indian defence manufacturing
.
•
Named after the historic Arnala Fort off Vasai
,
Maharashtra
,
the vessel honors
India
'
s maritime legacy
.
•
It is
77
meters long and is the largest Indian Naval ship to use a Diesel Engine
-
Waterjet propulsion system
.
•
The craft is tailored for underwater surveillance
,
search and rescue
,
and Low
Intensity Maritime Operations
(
LIMO
).
No
.
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Ques
:
What is the objective of Kerala
'
s newly launched
'
Jyothi
'
initiative
?
A
.
Support migrant children
’
s education
B
.
Encourage digital learning
C
.
Promote girl child education
D
.
Provide midday meals
E
.
Set up new government schools
Answer
:
Option A
Explanation
:
•
The Government of Kerala launched the
‘
Jyothi
’
scheme in May
2025
to support the
education of children of migrant workers
.
•
The initiative aims to prevent dropouts among migrant students and ensure their
continuous and inclusive education
.
•
The scheme addresses language barriers
,
academic gaps
,
and basic needs through
collaboration with schools
,
NGOs
,
and local bodies
.
•
It includes special educational materials and bridge programs to help migrant
children adapt and succeed
.
•
This initiative promotes equity in education and helps integrate migrant families
into the mainstream schooling system
.
Ques
:
What is the name of the proposed greenfield airport to be developed in Puri
,
Odisha
?
A
.
Veer Surendra Sai Airport
B
.
Kalinga International Airport
C
.
Odisha Gateway Airport
D
.
Bhubaneswar Civil Terminal
E
.
Shree Jagannath Airport
Answer
:
Option E
Explanation
:
•
The Ministry of Civil Aviation has granted in
-
principle approval for setting up
greenfield airports in Kota
(
Rajasthan
)
and Puri
(
Odisha
)
under the UDAN scheme
,
which promotes affordable air connectivity
.
•
The greenfield airport in Puri will be named Shree Jagannath Airport
,
and will be
developed over
1,164
acres at an estimated cost of Rs
.5,631
crore
.
Once completed
,
it will have the capacity to handle
4.6
million passengers annually
.
•
Greenfield airport in Kota will be developed in
2
phases with a total investment of
Rs
.1,
507
crore
.
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.
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Ques
:
What is the theme of World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day
2025?
A
.
Embracing Humanity
B
.
Be Human Kind
C
.
Keeping Humanity Alive
D
.
Together for Humanity
E
.
Humanitarian Hope
Answer
:
Option C
.
Explanation
:
•
World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day is observed on
8
May to commemorate the
birth anniversary of Henry Dunant
,
founder of the International Committee of the
Red Cross
(
ICRC
).
•
The theme for
2025
is
“
Keeping Humanity Alive
.”
•
In India
,
the Indian Red Cross Society
(
IRCS
)
was established in
1920
and is
headquartered in New Delhi
.
•
The President of India serves as the president of the IRCS
.
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.
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Ques
:
What is the theme of World Lupus Day
2025
observed on May
10?
A
.
Unite Against Lupus
B
.
Lupus
:
Fight the Inflammation
C
.
Healing Begins with Knowledge
D
.
Awareness is Cure
E
.
Let
’
s bring lupus together
Answer
:
Option E
Explanation
:
•
World Lupus Day is observed on May
10
each year to raise awareness about lupus
,
a
chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy tissues
.
•
The
2025
theme is
“
Let
’
s bring lupus together
,”
emphasi
z
ing unity in the fight
against lupus
.
•
Lupus can be mild to severe
,
affecting joints
,
skin
,
and even vital organs like the
heart
,
lungs
,
brain
,
and kidneys
.
•
The disease occurs when the immune system cannot differentiate between harmful
invaders and the body
’
s own cells
,
leading to autoantibody production and tissue
damage
.
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Ques
:
What is the primary objective of the PRASHAST app launched by Delhi
’
s
Directorate of Education
?
A
.
Monitor teacher performance
B
.
Promote digital literacy in rural areas
C
.
Identify students with disabilities early
D
.
Conduct online board examinations
E
.
Offer vocational courses to students
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
The PRASHAST app
,
launched by Delhi
’
s Directorate of Education
,
is designed for
the early identification of students with disabilities
.
•
It aims to ensure inclusive and equitable education in alignment with the National
Education Policy
(
NEP
)
2020
and the Right to Education
(
RTE
)
Act
,
2009.
•
The app plays a critical role in recogni
z
ing special educational needs early on
,
helping create customi
z
ed learning pathways and ensuring that no child is left
behind in the educational system
.
No
.
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A MoU has been signed by the National Institute of Securities Markets and the
International Financial Services Centers Authority
(
IFSCA
)
to strengthen training and
capacity building programs in the securities markets at the Gujarat International
Finance Tec
-
city International Financial Services Centre
(
GIFT
-
IFSC
)
in Gandhinagar
,
Gujarat
.
Retired Indian Forest Service
(
IFS
)
officer G
.
Chandrasekhar Reddy was sworn in as
State Chief Information Commissioner
,
Telangana Information Commission
.
The
State CIC shall hold the office for three years or till he attains the age of
65
years
whichever is earlier
Adani Group has signed an agreement with Bhutan
’
s Druk Green Power Corporation
(
DGPC
)
to jointly develop
5,000
MW of hydropower projects
.
Rakesh Verma assumed charge as the Director General of the India International
Institute of Democracy and Election Management
(
IIIDEM
).
Ashish Goyal took charge
as Director General Media in the ECI
.
No
.
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IMPORTANT ONE
–
LINER Current Affairs
No
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Ques
:
By what percentage did UPI QR codes grow in FY
2024–25,
according to RBI
data
?
(
a
)
75.2
%
(
b
)
81.3
%
(
c
)
91.5
%
(
d
)
87.9
%
(
e
)
95.0
%
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
As per RBI
'
s latest data
,
UPI QR codes recorded the fastest growth in digital
payment infrastructure in FY
2024–25.
•
The number of UPI QR codes jumped by
91.5
%
over the previous year to reach
657.9
million
.
•
In contrast
,
credit card transactions grew by only
7.94
%
,
and debit card additions
saw a
2.7
%
growth to
991
million
.
•
The total number of banks live on UPI reached
668
as of April
2025,
showing
continued adoption of the platform
.
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.
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Ques
:
Which credit rating agency recently upgraded India
’
s Long
-
Term Foreign and
Local Currency
–
Issuer Ratings to BBB with a stable trend
?
(
a
)
S
&
P Global Ratings
(
b
)
Fitch Ratings
(
c
)
Moody
’
s Investors Service
(
d
)
Morningstar DBRS
(
e
)
CARE Ratings
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
Morningstar DBRS
,
a global credit rating agency
,
upgraded India
'
s Long
-
Term
Foreign and Local Currency
–
Issuer Ratings from BBB
(
low
)
to BBB
,
with a stable
outlook
.
•
The Short
-
Term Ratings were also upgraded to R
-2
(
high
).
•
The upgrade reflects adequate credit quality and India
'
s ability to meet obligations
despite high public debt
,
which was
80.2
%
of GDP in FY
25.
•
The central government
’
s debt ratio is expected to reduce from
57.5
%
in FY
24
to
56.1
%
by FY
26.
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Ques
:
What was the total cumulative net profit reported by Public Sector Banks
(
PSBs
)
in FY
25?
(
a
)
Rs
.1.41
lakh crore
(
b
)
Rs
.1.62
lakh crore
(
c
)
Rs
.1.78
lakh crore
(
d
)
Rs
.1.59
lakh crore
(
e
)
Rs
.1.69
lakh crore
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
Public Sector Banks
(
PSBs
)
recorded a cumulative net profit of Rs
.1.78
lakh crore in
FY
25,
registering a
26
%
increase over the previous year
.
•
In FY
24,
the total profit was Rs
.1.41
lakh crore
,
so the profit jumped by
approximately Rs
.37,100
crore
.
•
State Bank of India
(
SBI
)
contributed over
40
%
of this
,
with a standalone net profit
of Rs
.70,901
crore in FY
25,
which is
16
%
more than FY
24.
•
Punjab National Bank reported the highest percentage growth of
102
%
,
while
Punjab
&
Sind Bank saw a
71
%
rise
.
•
Between FY
17
and FY
21,
the government had infused Rs
.3.11
lakh crore into PSBs as
part of its recapitalisation strategy
.
Ques
:
Where is the Anak Krakatau volcano
,
which triggered a deadly tsunami in
2018,
located
?
(
a
)
Philippines
(
b
)
Japan
(
c
)
Fiji
(
d
)
Papua New Guinea
(
e
)
Indonesia
Answer
:
Option E
Explanation
:
•
Anak Krakatau
(
meaning
“
Child of Krakatoa
”)
is a stratovolcano situated in the
Sunda Strait
,
between Java and Sumatra in Indonesia
.
•
It lies on a convergent tectonic boundary between the Indo
-
Australian and Eurasian
plates and is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire
,
known for intense seismic and volcanic
activity
.
•
In December
2018,
a massive flank collapse during an eruption triggered a tsunami
that killed over
400
people and injured thousands
.
•
A recent study suggests the volcano showed precursors to the collapse years in
advance
,
indicating the importance of early warning systems in disaster
-
prone
regions
.
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.
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Ques
:
Where is the landing station for India
’
s new Submarine Cable Project being
established
?
(
a
)
Visakhapatnam
(
b
)
Kochi
(
c
)
Chennai
(
d
)
Wandoor
(
e
)
Port Blair
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
(
INCOIS
)
under the
Ministry of Earth Sciences
(
MoES
)
has launched the Submarine Cable Project to
enhance long
-
term ocean monitoring
.
•
A
150-
km
-
long submarine cable will be laid off the coast of Wandoor in the
Andaman
&
Nicobar Islands
.
•
It will feature two science nodes with oceanographic and geophysical sensors at
depths of
2,000–2,500
meters
.
•
The landing station will be at Wandoor
,
and a real
-
time control centre will be
located at INCOIS headquarters in Hyderabad
.
About Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
(
INCOIS
)
:
•
Established
:
1999
•
HQ
:
Hyderabad
,
Telangana
•
Director
:
Dr
.
Balakrishnan Nair T
.
M
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Ques
:
A memorial plaque for Biju Patnaik was unveiled in New Delhi to honour his
contribution to which World War II battle
?
(
a
)
Battle of Berlin
(
b
)
Battle of El Alamein
(
c
)
Battle of Stalingrad
(
d
)
Battle of Midway
(
e
)
Battle of Britain
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
A memorial plaque was unveiled at the Russian Embassy in New Delhi in honour of
Biju Patnaik
,
recogni
z
ing his heroic efforts during the Battle of Stalingrad in World
War II
.
•
The plaque was inaugurated by Odisha
’
s former Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik and
Russian Ambassador Denis Alipov
.
•
Biju Patnaik
,
serving in the Royal Indian Air Force
,
flew supply missions to assist the
Red Army
,
using aircraft like the Douglas C
-47
Skytrain
(
Dakota
).
•
He later earned recognition from multiple nations
;
upon his death in
1997,
his coffin
was draped in the national flags of India
,
Indonesia
,
and Russia
.
No
.
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Ques
:
Where was the Columbia India Energy Dialogue
2025
held
?
a
)
Jaipur
b
)
Lucknow
c
)
Gha
z
iabad
d
)
Varanasi
e
)
New Delhi
Answer
:
Option E
Explanation
:
•
The Columbia India Energy Dialogue
2025
was held in New Delhi
.
•
It was organi
z
ed by the Center on Global Energy Policy
(
CGEP
)
of Columbia
University SIPA and Columbia Global Center Mumbai
.
•
The event was chaired by Union Minister Piyush Goyal and focused on the theme
:
“
Energy Solutions for an Inclusive and Equitable Global Transition
.”
•
Notably
,
India achieved its
2030
renewable energy target of
200
GW in
2022,
eight
years ahead of schedule
.
•
India has also seen a
30-
fold increase in solar power capacity over the last decade
and built a
500
GW interconnected national grid for renewable integration
.
•
“
India accounts for only
3
%
of global carbon emissions despite supporting
17
%
of
the world
’
s population
.”
Announcement made by Piyush Goel
No
.
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Ques
:
Which country
’
s origin is the
‘
Igla
-
S
’
missile system recently received by the
Indian Army
?
(
a
)
USA
(
b
)
Israel
(
c
)
Russia
(
d
)
France
(
e
)
Germany
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
The Igla
-
S is a Russian
-
origin man
-
portable air defence system
(
MANPADS
)
recently
received by the Indian Army
.
•
It is a shoulder
-
fired missile system capable of targeting low
-
flying aircraft
,
UAVs
,
and helicopters
,
especially in forward and mountainous regions
.
•
The missiles were procured under emergency powers of the Government of India
for approximately Rs
260
crore
.
•
Adani Defence Systems and Technologies Ltd
.
(
ADSTL
)
in Ahmedabad
,
Gujarat
,
assembled these missiles in India
.
•
The assembly was carried out under a Technology Transfer
(
ToT
)
agreement with
Rosoboronexport
,
a Russian state defense export agency
.
About Igla
-
S Missile
:
•
It is a shoulder
-
launched Surface
-
to
-
Air Missile
(
SAM
)
weapon that locks onto
targets
'
heat signatures in the air using infrared
(
IR
)
homing
.
•
It can engage targets up to
6
kilometers
(
km
)
away and up to
3.5
kilometers above
the ground
.
The weight is
19
kg
.
No
.
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Ques
:
What is the title of the autobiography of Haryana Governor Bandaru
Dattatraya recently released
?
(
a
)
Meri Zindagi Ka Safar
(
b
)
Rajneeti ke Raaste
(
c
)
Janta Ki Awaa
z
(
d
)
Janta Ki Kahani Meri Aatmkatha
(
e
)
Lok Seva Meri Pehchan
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
Haryana Governor Bandaru Dattatraya recently released his autobiography titled
‘
Janta Ki Kahani Meri Aatmkatha
’.
•
The book was originally written in Telugu and later translated into Hindi
.
•
The title reflects his public service journey and life experiences through the lens of
the people
’
s story
No
.
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Ques
:
Which country
'
s cricket board has banned transgender women from
participating in women
’
s cricket at all levels
?
(
a
)
Australia
(
b
)
South Africa
(
c
)
England
(
d
)
New Zealand
(
e
)
India
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
The England and Wales Cricket Board
(
ECB
)
announced that transgender women
will no longer be allowed to compete in women
’
s cricket at any level
.
•
This decision follows a UK Supreme Court ruling that defines the legal recognition
of women based on biological sex
.
•
The ECB
’
s announcement came less than
24
hours after the Football Association
(
FA
)
made a similar move
.
•
Transgender individuals can still participate in open or mixed cricket formats
.
No
.
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Ques
:
Which company has Airtel Africa partnered with to provide satellite internet
services across Africa
?
(
a
)
Blue Origin
(
b
)
NASA
(
c
)
ISRO
(
d
)
SpaceX
(
e
)
OneWeb
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
Airtel Africa
,
a subsidiary of Bharti Airtel
,
has partnered with SpaceX
,
the aerospace
company led by Elon Musk
,
to bring Starlink
’
s Low Earth Orbit
(
LEO
)
satellite internet
services to Africa
.
•
By May
2025,
SpaceX had obtained operating licenses in
9
out of
14
countries
where Airtel Africa operates
.
•
Starlink is already providing satellite internet in over
125
countries and territories
across all seven continents
.
No
.
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Ques
:
Who was the first non
-
crop scientist to head the Indian Council of Agricultural
Research
(
ICAR
)?
(
a
)
M
.
S
.
Swaminathan
(
b
)
Trilochan Mohapatra
(
c
)
Subbanna Ayyappan
(
d
)
Rajendra Prasad
(
e
)
R
.
S
.
Paroda
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
Dr
.
Subbanna Ayyappan
,
a renowned aquaculture scientist
,
became the first non
-
crop scientist to lead the Indian Council of Agricultural Research
(
ICAR
).
•
He contributed significantly to India
’
s Blue Revolution and served in various key
roles including as Director of Central Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture
.
•
In
2022,
he was honored with the Padma Shri award for his contributions to
agricultural science and aquaculture
.
No
.
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Ques
:
On which date did former U
.
S
.
President Donald Trump declare
“
Victory Day
”
to commemorate the Allied win in World War II
?
(
a
)
April
30
(
b
)
May
7
(
c
)
May
8
(
d
)
May
9
(
e
)
November
11
Answer
:
Option C
Explanation
:
•
Former U
.
S
.
President Donald Trump declared May
8
as Victory Day for World War
II
,
marking the
80
th anniversary of Na
z
i Germany
’
s surrender in
1945.
•
May
8
is widely recogni
z
ed in Europe as Victory in Europe Day
(
V
-
E Day
).
•
Adolf Hitler died on April
30,
1945;
Germany surrendered on May
7,
and the
surrender took effect on May
8.
•
Victory Day commemorates the end of World War II in Europe
.
•
Trump also proposed recogni
z
ing November
11
as Victory Day for World War I
,
which is already observed as Veterans Day in the U
.
S
.
Ques
:
What is the official theme of National Technology Day
2025
in India
?
(
a
)
Tech India
:
Innovate to Lead
(
b
)
SHAKTI
–
Strengthening Science and Innovation
(
c
)
VIKAS
–
Vision for Knowledge and Science
(
d
)
YANTRA
–
Yugantar for Advancing New Technology
,
Research
&
Acceleration
(
e
)
NAVACHAR
–
Nurturing Advanced Vision and Creativity in Research
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
National Technology Day is observed on
11
th May every year in India
.
•
The
2025
theme
,
as unveiled by the Technology Development Board
(
TDB
)
under
the Department of Science and Technology
,
is
"
YANTRA
–
Yugantar for Advancing
New Technology
,
Research
&
Acceleration
".
•
The word Yugantar signifies a major transformational shift
,
reflecting India
’
s journey
from technology adoption to global leadership
.
•
The day commemorates India
’
s successful nuclear tests in
1998
(
Operation Shakti
)
and the first flight of the Hansa
-3
aircraft
.
•
Declared by PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee
,
this day honors India
’
s scientific
achievements
.
No
.
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No
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Ques
:
International Day of Plant Health observed every year on which day
?
(
a
)
9
May
(
b
)
10
May
(
c
)
11
May
(
d
)
12
May
(
e
)
13
May
Answer
:
Option D
Explanation
:
•
International Day of Plant Health
(
IDPH
)
is observed on
12
th May
,
as designated by
the United Nations
.
•
The
2025
theme is
“
The importance of plant health in One Health
”,
highlighting its
link to human
,
animal
,
and environmental health
.
•
The day raises awareness about how plant health contributes to ending hunger
,
reducing poverty
,
and protecting biodiversity
.
The BrahMos missile manufacturing unit will be inaugurated on May
11,
2024,
in
Lucknow
,
Uttar Pradesh
.
This unit is part of the Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial
Corridor and aims to produce
80-100
missiles annually
.
Paras Defence
&
Space Technologies Limited signed a MoU with Israel
-
based
HevenDrones Limited to establish a Joint Venture
(
JV
)
for designing
,
manufacturing
and supplying Hydrogen
(
H
)-
powered drones
,
marking the first of its kind in India
On May
7,
2025,
the Border Roads Organisation
(
BRO
),
completed
66
years of service
since its formation in
1960.
Motto
:
“
Shramena Sarvam Sadhyam
”
(
Everything is
achievable through hard work
).
Ajoy Chawla
(
Present CEO in Tanishq
)
Appointed as Managing Director of Titan
Company Ltd
.,
a Tata Group enterprise
.
He Replaced C
.
K
.
Venkataraman
Vietnam is gearing up for a major leap in its global appeal with the launch of a
10-
year golden visa
,
aimed at attracting long
-
term tourists
,
foreign investors
,
and
professionals
.
No
.
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IMPORTANT ONE
–
LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Which co-operative bank is being amalgamated with TJSB Sahakari Bank Ltd.,
as per RBI’s May 2025 approval?
(a) Kolhapur Urban Co-operative Bank
(b) Sawantwadi Urban Co-operative Bank
(c) Nashik District Co-operative Bank
(d) Mumbai Urban Co-operative Bank
(e) Nagpur Nagarik Sahakari Bank
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• On May 9, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the voluntary
amalgamation of Sawantwadi Urban Co-operative Bank Ltd., Maharashtra, with TJSB
Sahakari Bank Ltd., Maharashtra.
• The merger becomes effective from May 13, 2025.
• This action was taken under Section 44A(4) read with Section 56 of the Banking
Regulation Act, 1949.
• Following the merger, all branches of Sawantwadi Urban Co-operative Bank will
operate as TJSB Sahakari Bank branches from the effective date.
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Ques: Who recently announced retirement from Test cricket after a 14-year career,
with his last match played during the 2024–25 Border-Gavaskar Trophy?
(a) Rohit Sharma
(b) Virat Kohli
(c) Ajinkya Rahane
(d) Cheteshwar Pujara
(e) R. Ashwin
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Virat Kohli, the former Indian captain, retired from Test cricket in January 2025, just
before the England tour.
• His final Test appearance was during the 2024–25 Border-Gavaskar Trophy in
Sydney against Australia.
• He debuted in 2011 against the West Indies at Jamaica.
• He averaged 46.85 and amassed 9230 runs in 123 Test matches. In 2019, he reached
his highest score of 254 not out in a match against South Africa in Pune.
• He is fourth on the list with 30 Test hundreds, only after Rahul Dravid (36), Sunil
Gavaskar (34), and Sachin Tendulkar (51 hundreds).
• The most centuries scored by an Indian captain was twenty, which Kolhi achieved
while serving as captain.
• Virat Kohli took over the Indian team captaincy from Mahendra Singh Dhoni in 2014.
• Kohli is the fourth most successful Test captain in the world after South African
Graeme Smith (53), Australian Ricky Ponting (48), and Steve Waugh (41).
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Ques: Which Nicaraguan newspaper received the UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World
Press Freedom Prize 2025?
(a) El Nuevo Diario
(b) Hoy
(c) Confidencial
(d) La Prensa
(e) El 19 Digital
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• La Prensa, one of Nicaragua’s oldest newspapers, founded in 1926, received the
UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize 2025.
• The award was announced on the occasion of World Press Freedom Day.
• The prize was established in 1997 and is named after Guillermo Cano Isaza, a
Colombian journalist assassinated in 1986 for his stance against drug cartels.
• La Prensa was honoured for its courageous journalism amid ongoing government
repression in Nicaragua.
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Ques: Who is the author of the book "Alone in the Ring: Decision-making in Critical
Times"?
(a) General MM Naravane
(b) General NC Vij
(c) General Bipin Rawat
(d) Lt. Gen. Satish Dua
(e) Raj Chengappa
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• "Alone in the Ring: Decision-making in Critical Times" is authored by General NC Vij,
former Chief of Army Staff.
• The book presents deep insights into military leadership and strategic decision-
making during national crises.
• It emphasizes the importance of jointness, integration, and theaterisation — key
reforms needed for a unified and agile Indian Armed Forces.
• General Vij draws upon his first-hand experience to detail the operational and
administrative challenges faced by the defense establishment.
• Publisher: Bloomsbury India
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Ques: Who won the Humanitarian Award 2025 at the 72nd Miss World Festival in
Hyderabad?
(a) Sonu Sood
(b) Shah Rukh Khan
(c) Nita Ambani
(d) Deepika Padukone
(e) Priyanka Chopra
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• Sonu Sood, Bollywood actor and well-known philanthropist, won the Humanitarian
Award 2025.
• He was recognized for his remarkable philanthropic efforts during the COVID-19
pandemic.
• The award was presented by the Miss World Organisation.
• The ceremony was held during the 72nd Miss World Festival at HITEX Arena,
Hyderabad, Telangana.
• The 2024 winner of this award was Nita Ambani, founder and chairperson of the
Reliance Foundation.
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Ques: As per reports dated May 11, 2025, how much wheat has been procured
during the 2025–26 rabi marketing season so far?
(a) 26.2 MT
(b) 26.6 MT
(c) 29 MT
(d) 33 MT
(e) 37.48 MT
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• As per the May 11, 2025 government report, over 29 million tonnes of wheat have
been procured so far in the 2025–26 rabi marketing season (April–June).
• This is the highest procurement in four years, surpassing previous years : 2024–25:
26.6 MT and 2023–24: 26.2 MT
• It marks a 16% increase from last year’s procurement.
• This surplus supports Public Distribution System (PDS) operations and enables
market intervention programs if required.
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Ques: Where was the 20th session of the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF20)
held, in which India participated actively?
(a) Geneva
(b) Nairobi
(c) Dehradun
(d) New York
(e) Bonn
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) is a functional commission under
ECOSOC, created in 2000 through Resolution 2000/35.
• UNFF20 was held at the United Nations Headquarters, New York.
• India showcased its achievements in sustainable forest management, promoted the
International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA), and urged the inclusion of Dehradun CLI 2023
outcomes in global mechanisms.
• UNFF promotes global cooperation on forest conservation, management, and
sustainable development.
Ques: Which two states signed an MoU to implement the Tapti Basin Mega Recharge
Project?
(a) Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh
(b) Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra
(c) Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh
(d) Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra
(e) Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Madhya Pradesh CM Mohan Yadav and Maharashtra Deputy CM Devendra Fadnavis
signed an MoU to implement the Tapti Basin Mega Recharge Project.
• It is Finalized in the MP-Maharashtra Inter-State Control Board meeting.
• Total water: 31.13 TMC (Thousand Million Cubic Feet) : Madhya Pradesh to receive
11.76 TMC and Maharashtra to receive 19.36 TMC
• Irrigation Impact : MP: 1,23,082 hectares and Maharashtra: 2,34,706 hectares
• No displacement or rehabilitation of villages will occur. 90% of project cost funded
by the Central Government.
• Fadnavis called it the “world’s largest recharge scheme.” It will Boosts regional
water security, agriculture, and sustainable development.
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Ques: As per the SRS Report 2021, which state recorded the highest Total Fertility
Rate (TFR)?
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Bihar
(d) Madhya Pradesh
(e) Chhattisgarh
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Sample Registration System (SRS) 2021 report, released by the Registrar
General of India (RGI), highlights that Bihar recorded the highest Total Fertility Rate
(TFR) in India at 3.0.
• In contrast, Delhi and West Bengal reported the lowest TFR at 1.4.
• The national average TFR is 2.0, which is below the replacement level of 2.1,
indicating population stabilization at the national level.
• Urban TFR stands at 1.6, while rural TFR is 2.2, reflecting higher fertility in rural
regions.
• The demographic shift includes a growing elderly population and declining youth
share, with key states like Tamil Nadu (14.4%) and Himachal Pradesh (12.3%) having
high elderly percentages.
• As per the SRS 2021 Report by the Registrar General of India, India's Maternal
Mortality Ratio (MMR) declined to 93 per 1 lakh live births for the period 2019–21, a
37-point improvement from 130 in 2014–16.
• The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) dropped from 39 in 2014 to 27 per 1000 live births
in 2021.
• Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) declined from 26 to 19, and Under-Five Mortality
Rate (U5MR) fell from 45 to 31 per 1000 live births during the same period.
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Ques: When was the Territorial Army (TA) formally inaugurated in Independent
India?
(a) 15 August 1947
(b) 26 January 1950
(c) 9 October 1949
(d) 1 April 1948
(e) 2 October 1952
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Territorial Army (TA) is a part of the Regular Indian Army but consists of
volunteer civilians who serve the nation during emergencies while pursuing their
civilian careers.
• It serves as a second line of defence and supports in natural calamities, essential
services, and internal security.
• Rule 33 of the Territorial Army Rule, 1948, authorizes the Chief of Army Staff to
utilize TA units with Central Government approval.
• TA has played roles in wars of 1962, 1965, 1971, and operations like OP PAWAN, OP
RAKSHAK, etc.
• The TA was formally inaugurated on 9 October 1949 by C. Rajagopalachari, and this
day is celebrated as Territorial Army Day.
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Ques: What is the height of the newly unveiled statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
at Rajkot Fort, Malvan?
(a) 35 feet
(b) 60 feet
(c) 75 feet
(d) 91 feet
(e) 100 feet
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Unveiled by: Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis
• Location: Rajkot Fort, Malvan, Sindhudurg District, Maharashtra
• Material: Bronze, capable of withstanding storms and cyclones for 100 years
• Context: Replaces a 35-ft statue that collapsed in August 2024, nine months after
its inauguration by PM Modi.
• Political Impact: Sparked corruption allegations and became a major election issue.
• Tourism: Plans for development of the area as a major tourist site.
• Cultural Symbolism: A tribute to Shivaji Maharaj’s strength, legacy, and cultural
heritage
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the Executive Chairman of the National Legal
Services Authority (NALSA) in 2025?
(a) Justice DY Chandrachud
(b) Justice BR Gavai
(c) Justice Sanjiv Khanna
(d) Justice Surya Kant
(e) Justice Hima Kohli
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Supreme Court Judge Justice Surya Kant has been appointed as the Executive
Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA).
• He was appointed under Clause (b) of sub-section (2) of Section 3 of the Legal
Services Authorities Act, 1987, which allows appointment of the second senior-most
SC judge.
• He replaced Justice BR Gavai, who is set to become the 52nd Chief Justice of India
(CJI) on May 14, 2025.
• Justice Kant is a former Chief Justice of the Himachal Pradesh High Court and judge
of the Punjab & Haryana High Court.
• He will hold the post until November 23, 2025, and is expected to be elevated as the
53rd CJI after that.
• The appointment is made by the President of India, in consultation with the Chief
Justice of India.
About NALSA :
• Established : 9 November 1995 under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987
• HQ : New Delhi
• Aim : to provide free legal services to the poor and marginalised
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Ques: Who is the author of the book "The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia
and the World’s Most Coveted Microchip"?
(a) Michael Lewis
(b) Stephen Witt
(c) Walter Isaacson
(d) Satya Nadella
(e) Brad Stone
Answer: Option B
• The book "The Thinking Machine: Jensen Huang, Nvidia and the World’s Most
Coveted Microchip" is authored by Stephen Witt.
• It traces the rise of Jensen Huang and how he built Nvidia into a dominant force in
AI, gaming, and supercomputing through its revolutionary microchips.
• The book is globally relevant due to the increasing importance of semiconductors,
AI, and geopolitics.
• Stephen Witt is also known for his previous work, “How Music Got Free”, and resides
in Los Angeles, California.
• Publisher: Bodley Head / Penguin Random House; Price: ₹899 (Paperback).
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Ques: Where did Prime Minister Narendra Modi lay the foundation stone for the new
DRDO Missile Test Range worth Rs 1,460 crore?
(a) Chandipur
(b) Nagayalanka
(c) Sriharikota
(d) Visakhapatnam
(e) Wheeler Island
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of the DRDO Missile Test
Range at Nagayalanka, Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, with an investment of
around Rs 1,460 crore.
• India already has two functional missile testing ranges at Chandipur and Wheeler
Island, Odisha.
• The Cabinet Committee on Security approved this third testing site to meet growing
defence requirements.
• The new testing range, called the Navdurga Testing Range, will support Phase 2
Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) interceptor missile testing — which is essential for
defending against incoming missile threats.
About Phase 1 of the Ballistic Missile Defence System :
• Missiles within a range of less than 2000 kilometers can be intercepted by the
DRDO's Phase 1 BMD.
• The Chinese missiles Dongfeng-21 and Pakistani missiles Shaheen and Ghauri can
both be intercepted by the Phase-1.
• There are now hypersonic missile interceptors that can reach speeds of Mach 4-5.
.
About Phase 2 of the Ballistic Missile Defence System :
• It is being designed to intercept intercontinental ballistic missiles with a range of
more than 5,000 kilometers.
• Hypersonic interceptor missiles with a Mach 6-7 speed will also be produced
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Ques: Which state is the first to complete the seed value chain digitisation on the
SATHI portal?
(a) Punjab
(b) Gujarat
(c) Karnataka
(d) Maharashtra
(e) Haryana
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Maharashtra became the first state to successfully complete the digitisation of the
entire seed retail chain on the SATHI portal. This includes capturing essential details
about seed sources, species, and distribution channels.
• This move ensures greater transparency and traceability, helping reduce the
circulation of fake or low-quality seeds.
• SATHI (Seed Authentication, Traceability & Holistic Inventory) portal is a major step
towards a more efficient and transparent seed distribution system in India.
Ques: What is the primary objective of Mission Sankalp, a major anti-Naxal
operation launched along the Chhattisgarh–Telangana border?
(a) Infrastructure development in conflict zones
(b) Rescue of kidnapped civilians
(c) Eradication of drug trafficking networks
(d) Elimination of top Maoist leadership and dismantling of their hideouts
(e) Census of tribal population in Naxal-affected areas
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Mission Sankalp is a high-intensity, joint anti-Naxal operation launched by
Chhattisgarh and Telangana Police, CRPF, CoBRA, and other forces.
• The operation targets Battalion 1 of the People’s Liberation Guerrilla Army, the
armed wing of the CPI-Maoist.
• It focuses on Karregutta hills on the Chhattisgarh–Telangana border.
• Over 24,000 personnel have been mobilized, and large quantities of explosives,
weapons, and supplies have been recovered.
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Ques: Who won the International Buddha Peace Award 2025 for exceptional social
activism and leadership in the building repairs industry?
(a) Dr. Munir Khan
(b) Dr. Mustafa Yusufali Gom
(c) Dr. Zakir Naik
(d) Arvind Kejriwal
(e) Anna Hazare
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Dr. Mustafa Yusufali Gom, a renowned social worker and entrepreneur from
Mumbai (Maharashtra), won the International Buddha Peace Award 2025.
• He was honoured for his exceptional social activism and leadership in the building
repairs and restoration industry.
• The award was presented by Lakshman Prasad Acharya, the Governor of Assam,
during a grand ceremony organized by the Maitri Peace Foundation in Guwahati,
Assam.
• Another awardee was Dr. Munir Khan, a prominent structural engineer and founder
of Avon Consulting Engineers
• International Buddha Peace Award Started in 2009 and It is given by Maitri Peace
Foundation
• Dr. Rashmi Saluja, Chairperson of the Global Trade & Technology Council of India
(GTTCI) was among the key recipients of the award last year.
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Ques: Which country has launched the world’s first national-level cryptocurrency
tourism payment system?
(a) Singapore
(b) Switzerland
(c) Bhutan
(d) El Salvador
(e) Japan
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Bhutan has become the first country to launch a national-level crypto tourism
payment system.
• The initiative is a collaboration between Binance Pay and DK Bank.
• Tourists can now use over 100 cryptocurrencies (including BNB, BTC, USDC) for
services like airfare, visa fees, hotels, and local purchases.
• The system enables real-time payments using the Binance app, ensuring secure
transactions and instant settlement in Bhutanese currency via DK Bank.
• This eliminates challenges like currency conversion issues and high international
transaction fees.
The Jenu Kuruba tribe returning to their ancestral village in the Nagarhole Tiger
Reserve After being evicted 40 years ago. The Jenu Kuruba is recognized as a
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), primarily found in the Kodagu and
Mysore districts of Karnataka.
At the World Law Congress in the Dominican Republic, renowned child rights
attorney and founder of Just Rights for Children Bhuwan Ribhu became the first
Indian lawyer to receive the World Jurist Association's (WJA) "Medal of Honour."
A new report from The Himalayan Cleanup 2024 shows that over 70% of plastic
waste in the Indian Himalayas is non-recyclable, with single-use food and beverage
packaging being the dominant source of pollution.
National Award-winning makeup artist Vikram Gaikwad, known for his work in movies
such as 83, Uri: The Surgical Strike and Ponniyin Selvan, died. He was 61.
The Gomti River in Lucknow is at risk of becoming ecologically dead due to rising
untreated sewage, declining oxygen levels, and increasing faecal coliform levels.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Which logistics platform became India’s 3rd unicorn of 2025 after raising
$200 million in Series F funding?
(a) Delhivery
(b) Rivigo
(c) Shadowfax
(d) Porter
(e) Shiprocket
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Porter, an on-demand logistics platform, became India's 3rd unicorn of 2025 after
raising USD 200 million (approx. Rs.1700 crore) in a Series F funding round.
• The funding round was led by Kedaara Capital Investment Managers Limited and
Wellington Management Company.
• The funding was a mix of primary and secondary investments, and it valued Porter
at USD 1.1–1.2 billion, surpassing the $1 billion threshold to become a unicorn.
• This followed unicorn declarations of Netradyne and Juspay earlier in 2025.
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Ques : Archery World Cup Stage 2 held in which country ?
A. Shanghai, China
B. Beijing, China
C. Sunan County, Hebei Province
D. Shenzhen, China
E. None of these
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• India clinched gold in the men’s compound team event at the Archery World Cup
Stage 2 in Shanghai.
• The team comprised Abhishek Verma, Ojas Deotale, and Rishabh Yadav, who
defeated Mexico 232–228 in the final.
• In the women’s compound team, India (Jyothi Surekha Vennam, Madhura
Dhamangaonkar, Chikitha Taniparthi) won silver, losing to Mexico in the final.
• India also secured a bronze in the mixed team event, with Verma and
Dhamangaonkar defeating Malaysia.
• At the Archery World Cup Stage 2, India finished its campaign with seven medals,
including two gold, one silver and four bronze medals in Shanghai, China
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Ques: What is the name of the community event organized by SECL in Surajpur,
Chhattisgarh to strengthen local relations?
(a) Jan Samvad
(b) Sneh Milan Mela
(c) Gram Milan Utsav
(d) Parivartan Sammelan
(e) Coal Sampark
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL) organized its first-ever 'Sneh Milan Mela' in
Surajpur, Chhattisgarh.
• The event brought together over 600 employees, their families, and villagers
through cultural programs and traditional food, promoting goodwill and mutual
trust.
• SECL is a subsidiary of Coal India, with headquarters in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, and
was founded in 1985.
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Ques: What is the name of the Delhi Police initiative launched to reintegrate school
dropouts into the education system?
(a) Shiksha Udaan
(b) Nayi Disha
(c) Vidya Jyoti
(d) Padho India
(e) Disha Shakti
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• ‘Nayi Disha – A Path Back to Learning’ is a community outreach program launched
by the Delhi Police to help school dropouts rejoin the education system.
• Under this initiative, police personnel visit homes, speak with children and families,
and address the reasons for leaving school.
• The aim is to reintegrate out-of-school children and ensure their right to education
is upheld.
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:Ques: Who has been appointed as the CEO of NTPC Green Energy Limited, the
renewable energy arm of NTPC Ltd?
(a) Rajiv Gupta
(b) Gurdeep Singh
(c) Sarit Maheshwari
(d) Suman Sharma
(e) Praveer Sinha
Answer : Option C
Explanation:
• Sarit Maheshwari has been appointed as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of
NTPC Green Energy Limited, the renewable energy arm of NTPC Ltd.
• He replaces Rajiv Gupta in this role.
• Before this, he served as the CEO of NTPC Renewable Energy Limited, showcasing
his leadership experience in the green energy sector.
Ques: According to the latest study by the Department of Wildlife Protection, which
location has recorded the highest snow leopard density in the world?
(a) Tibet
(b) Spiti Valley
(c) Hemis National Park, Ladakh
(d) Sikkim Himalayas
(e) Gilgit-Baltistan
Answer : Option C
Explanation:
• As per a study conducted by the Department of Wildlife Protection, Ladakh in
collaboration with WII and NTCA, Hemis National Park in Ladakh has recorded the
highest snow leopard density in the world, with approximately 2.07 individuals per
100 sq. km.
• This surpasses previous global records, including those from Tibet.
• Ladakh hosts 477 snow leopards, which is 68% of India's total snow leopard
population.
• Globally, the average snow leopard density ranges between 0.92 and 1.8 individuals
per 100 sq. km.
• In 2017, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) downlisted snow
leopards from Endangered to Vulnerable.
• In India, snow leopards are protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection)
Act, 1972, granting it the highest level of legal protection
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Ques: Which organisation has signed an MoU with Synergy Quantum India for the
development of drone-based Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems?
(a) DRDO
(b) ISRO
(c) Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT)
(d) National Quantum Mission Authority
(e) CDAC
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), under the Department of
Telecommunications, signed an MoU with Synergy Quantum India Private Limited.
• The goal is to collaborate on drone-based Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems.
• This partnership aims to boost indigenous development of secure quantum
communication technology in India.
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Ques: What is the Saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis), often referred to as the “Asian
unicorn”?
(a) A rare species of deer
(b) A type of wild goat
(c) A critically endangered bovine
(d) A subspecies of tiger
(e) A bird found in Vietnam
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Saola is a critically endangered bovine species, also known as the "Asian
unicorn" because of its extreme rarity and elusive nature.
• It was first scientifically described in 1993, following the discovery of a skull in
Vietnam in 1992.
• Though closely related to cattle, it visually resembles an antelope.
• The Saola is endemic to the Annamite Mountains on the Laos–Vietnam border,
thriving in evergreen, humid forests with minimal dry seasons.
• As per the IUCN Red List, it is Critically Endangered, with an estimated population
of only 50–300 individuals as of 2015.
• Major threats include habitat destruction, poaching, and the use of indiscriminate
snares in forests.
• Recently, an international team of scientists mapped its genome, paving the way for
genetic rescue and captive breeding to aid its conservation.
Ques: What was the name of the Pakistani military operation launched against India
in May 2025?
(a) Operation Sindoor
(b) Operation Zarb-e-Azb
(c) Operation Bunyan al-Marsus
(d) Operation Ghazwa
(e) Operation Nasr
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Operation Bunyan al-Marsus was launched by Pakistan against India in response to
India’s Operation Sindoor conducted on May 7, 2025.
• The operation targeted military installations in Jammu, Kashmir, Pathankot, and
Bhuj, among others.
• The term "Bunyan al-Marsus"means "a wall of molten lead", symbolizing unity and
unbreakable strength.
• A Fatah-II hypersonic ballistic missile was launched toward Delhi but was
intercepted by India’s Air Defence System in Sirsa, Haryana.
• A ceasefire was declared on May 11, 2025, and Major General Ahmed Sharif
Chaudhry, DG of ISPR, briefed the media about the operation's conclusion.
About Fatah-II :
• Type : Multi-Launch Rocket System(MLRS)
• Developed by : Pakistan
• Strike range : 450 km
• Successor of : Fatah-I which has a strike range of 140 km
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Ques: What is the name of the latest text-to-speech (TTS) model launched by
Bengaluru-based AI startup Sarvam AI?
(a) Bulbul
(b) Bulbul-v1
(c) SarvamVoice
(d) Bulbul-v2
(e) BhashaAI
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Sarvam AI, an AI startup based in Bengaluru, has launched Bulbul-v2, its latest text-
to-speech model.
• The model supports 11 Indian languages with natural-sounding voices and authentic
regional accents.
• It is the upgraded version of Bulbul-v1, which was launched in August 2024 with six
preset voice personalities.
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Ques: What is the significance of the recently developed pangenome of Asian rice
(Oryza sativa L.)?
(a) It represents the full set of genetic variation in rice
(b) It captures complete human genetic diversity
(c) It helps map forest diversity across Asia
(d) It enables wheat breeding for arid regions
(e) It replaces the Human Genome Project in agriculture
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• Scientists have compiled the first-ever pangenome of Asian rice by sequencing 144
varieties of wild and cultivated strains of Oryza sativa L.
• A pangenome includes all genes found across a species, offering complete genomic
variation—much like the Human Genome Project, but specific to rice.
• This will help develop rice varieties with improved disease resistance, climate
resilience, and yield.
• ICAR has also developed two genome-edited rice lines — Samba Mahsuri and MTU
1010 — that show promise for drought tolerance and high yield, though not yet
released for farming
Ques: The Government of Karnataka signed an MoU with IN-SPACe to boost which
sector?
(a) Defence Manufacturing
(b) Electric Mobility
(c) Semiconductor Industry
(d) Artificial Intelligence
(e) Commercial Space Sector
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• The Government of Karnataka signed an agreement with the Indian National Space
Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) to strengthen the state's presence
in India’s commercial space sector.
Two major initiatives under this agreement include:
• A Centre of Excellence for Space Technologies in Bengaluru to boost R&D and
innovation.
• A Space Manufacturing Park, under a public-private partnership model, focusing on
building next-generation satellites and launch vehicles.
About IN-SPACe :
• Established : 2020
• HQ : Ahmedabad, Gujarat
• Chairman : Dr. Pawan Goenka
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Ques: In which Indian state is the Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary located, recently
in news due to opposition to an ecotourism project?
(a) Meghalaya
(b) Assam
(c) Arunachal Pradesh
(d) Sikkim
(e) Manipur
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya and
was established in 1981 under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
• It lies within the Eastern Himalayan Global Biodiversity Hotspot, a region known for
rich ecological diversity.
• The Umtrew River forms the western boundary of the sanctuary.
• A proposed Rs.23.7 crore ecotourism project has faced local and environmental
opposition due to concerns about potential threats to the fragile ecosystem.
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Ques: When were the ‘Jan Suraksha’ schemes (PMJJBY, PMSBY, and APY) launched
by the Government of India?
(a) 9 May 2015
(b) 26 January 2015
(c) 1 January 2014
(d) 15 August 2016
(e) 2 October 2014
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• The ‘Jan Suraksha’ schemes, which include Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima
Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), and Atal Pension
Yojana (APY), were launched on 9th May 2015 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in
Kolkata, West Bengal.
• As of April 2025, the schemes have seen massive participation with over 23.63 crore
enrolments under PMJJBY, 51 crore under PMSBY, and 7.6 crore under APY.
About Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) :
• Launched : 9th May 2015, in Kolkata
• Implementing Agency : Life Insurance Corporation
• Eligibility : Persons in the age group of 18-50 years having an individual bank or a
post office account
• Benefits : Life cover of Rs. 2 Lakh in case of death due to any reason
About Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) :
• Launched : 9th May 2015
• Managed by : Ministry of Finance(MoF)
• Eligibility : Persons in the age group of 18-70 years having an individual bank or a
post office account
• Benefits : Accidental death cum disability cover of Rs.2 lakh (Rs.1 lakh in case of
partial disability) for death or disability due to an accident against a premium of
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Rs.20/- per annum.
• Annual premium : Rs 20
About Atal Pension Yojana (APY) :
• Launched : 9th May 2015, It Replaced Swavalamban Scheme
• Regulating Body : Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA)
Eligibility : APY is open to all bank account holders in the age group of 18 to 40 years
who are not income tax payers
• Benefits : Guaranteed minimum monthly pension of Rs. 1000 or Rs. 2000 or Rs.
3000 or Rs. 4000 or Rs. 5000 after the age of 60 years, based on the contributions
• made by the subscriber after joining the scheme
Ques: Where did Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurate the new BrahMos
Aerospace Integration and Testing Facility on National Technology Day 2025?
a) Jaipur
b) Lucknow
c) Ghaziabad
d) Varanasi
e) New Delhi
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• On May 11, 2025, National Technology Day, Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh
virtually inaugurated a new BrahMos Aerospace Integration and Testing Facility in
Lucknow.
• The day marks the 1998 Pokhran nuclear tests and celebrates India’s achievements
in science and technology.
• Other BrahMos production facilities are located in Hyderabad,
Thiruvananthapuram, Pillani, and Nagpur.
• In India, there are two Defence Industrial corridors dedicated to the production of
Defence and allied equipment. One is in Tamil Nadu and the other is in Uttar Pradesh
About the Lucknow Production Facility :
• Built in : Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial Corridor
• Cost : Rs 300 crore
• Spread over : 80 hectares of land in Lucknow
• Capacity : Produce 80-100 BrahMos missiles per year Produce 150 BrahMos NG
(New Generation) per year
About BrahMos missile :
• Named from : Brahmaputra (India) and the Moskva River of Russia
• Developed by : BrahMos Aerospace Limited (Joint venture between DRDO and the
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• Speed : 2.8 -3.5 Mach
• Range : 290 to 400 km
• The Philippines was the first country to buy BrahMos missiles from India. It signed a
NPO Mashinostroyenia of Russia)
$375 million deal with India in 2022 to buy BrahMos
Ques: When is International Nurses Day celebrated?
(a) 5 May
(b) 8 May
(c) 12 May
(d) 15 May
(e) 10 May
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• International Nurses Day is observed every year on 12th May, marking the birth
anniversary of Florence Nightingale (1820–1910), known as the founder of modern
nursing.
• She gained recognition for improving sanitary conditions and caring for soldiers
during the Crimean War, earning the title “Lady with the Lamp.”
• The United States officially declared the day in 1982.
• The theme for 2025 is: “Our Nurses. Our Future. Caring for nurses strengthens
economies.”
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Ques: The Government of Karnataka signed an MoU with IN-SPACe to boost which
sector?
(a) Defence Manufacturing
(b) Electric Mobility
(c) Semiconductor Industry
(d) Artificial Intelligence
(e) Commercial Space Sector
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• The Government of Karnataka signed an agreement with the Indian National Space
Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) to strengthen the state's presence
in India’s commercial space sector.
Two major initiatives under this agreement include:
• A Centre of Excellence for Space Technologies in Bengaluru to boost R&D and
innovation.
• A Space Manufacturing Park, under a public-private partnership model, focusing on
building next-generation satellites and launch vehicles.
About IN-SPACe :
• Established : 2020
• HQ : Ahmedabad, Gujarat
• Chairman : Dr. Pawan Goenka
India’s First Geothermal Production Well Drilled by the Centre for Earth Sciences and
Himalayan Studies (CESHS) at Dirang in Arunachal Pradesh under the support of
Ministry of Earth Sciences and Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh
P. David Solomon won the men's long jump title in the UAE Athletics Grand Prix, a
bronze-level World Athletics Continental Tour competition, in Dubai, while national
record holder Animesh Kujur easily won the 200m.
Former IAS officer Rameshwar Prasad Gupta Terminated from Chairman and
Managing Director of Solar Energy Corporation of India Ltd (SECI)
Netradyne has become the first Indian unicorn of 2025 after raising $90 Mn in its
Series D funding round at a valuation of $1.34 Bn.
Musa indandamanensis, a wild banana species, has been observed to have a 4.2-
meter infructescence (fruit-bearing structure). This is the longest infructescence in
bananas that has ever been seen worldwide. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are
home to the endemic Musa indandamanensis.
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Ques: What new digital service has LIC launched for policyholders in 2025?
(a) AI-based insurance advisory service
(b) WhatsApp-based premium payment facility
(c) QR code-based branch entry system
(d) Voice assistant for customer support
(e) Online loan disbursement platform
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• In 2025, Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) introduced a WhatsApp-based
premium payment facility.
• Policyholders can now check policy details and pay premiums directly via
WhatsApp bot using the number 8976862090.
• The facility supports UPI, Net banking, and Card payments.
• It was officially launched by LIC CEO and MD Siddhartha Mohanty along with other
senior officials.
About Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) :
• Established : 1 September 1956
• HQ : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• MD & CEO : Siddhartha Mohanty
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Ques : Which company’s stake has PNB agreed to sell for Rs.34 crore?
A. ARCIL
B. Edelweiss ARC
C. Reliance ARC
D. Phoenix ARC
E. ISARC
Answer : Option E
Explanation :
• Punjab National Bank (PNB) has signed an agreement to sell its entire stake in India
SME Asset Reconstruction Company (ISARC).
• The deal is valued at rs.34.04 crore and was announced on May 14, 2025.
• After this divestment, PNB will exit completely from ISARC, as part of its strategy
to optimize capital and exit non-core investments.
Ques: How has India extended financial support to the Maldives in 2025?
(a) By granting a development loan of $500 million
(b) By donating medical equipment and supplies
(c) Through the rollover of a $50 million Treasury Bill
(d) By funding a housing project in Malé
(e) By offering a currency swap arrangement
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• In 2025, India extended financial support to the Maldives by rolling over a $50
million Treasury Bill for another year.
• The support was provided interest-free and is part of India's ongoing assistance
since March 2019 under a Government-to-Government arrangement.
• The State Bank of India (SBI) subscribed to the Treasury Bill at the request of the
Maldivian government.
• This move aims to support Maldives’ fiscal reform efforts and enhance economic
resilience.
• Treasury Bill are short-term (up to a year) borrowing instruments issued by the
Indian government or a central authority in any other nation that allow investors to
park their excess short-term cash while lowering their exposure to market risk.
• They are Auctioned by Reserve Bank of India. At present, the active T-Bills are 91-
days T-Bills, 182-day T-Bills and 364-days T-Bills
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Ques : Which company recently received final approval from RBI to operate as an
online payment aggregator?
(a) Infibeam Avenues Ltd
(b) BillDesk
(c) Paytm
(d) PayU
(e) Razorpay
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• PayU, backed by Prosus, received final approval from the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) to operate as an Online Payment Aggregator.
• The company was earlier asked to reapply in January 2023 due to a complex
corporate structure.
• It received in-principle approval in April 2024, and now joins other RBI-approved
aggregators such as Razorpay, CCAvenue, Cashfree, and BillDesk.
• With this approval, PayU can now legally onboard new merchants and offer digital
payment solutions in India.
:Ques: What was India’s retail inflation rate based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI)
in April 2025?
(a) 3.34%
(b) 3.15%
(c) 3.50%
(d) 3.16%
(e) 3.25%
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• As per the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, India's retail
inflation in April 2025 was 3.16%, a decline from 3.34% in March 2025.
• This is the lowest year-on-year inflation rate since July 2019, when it stood at
3.15%.
• It marks a 69-month low in CPI-based retail inflation.
Month-wise list of retail inflation :
• November 2024 : 5.48%
• December 2024 : 5.22%
• January 2025 : 4.31%
• February 2025 : 3.61%
• March 2025 : 3.34%
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Ques: As of May 9, 2025, what is LIC's total stake in Bank of India?
A. 6.35%
B. 10.00%
C. 8.38%
D. 7.25%
E. 9.02%
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has increased its stake in Bank of India
(BoI) to 8.38% as of May 9, 2025.
• The previous stake held by LIC was 6.35% as of September 2, 2021.
• LIC acquired an additional 2.026% stake during this period.
• Bank of India disclosed this information to the stock exchange on May 9, 2025.
• This increase reflects growing institutional confidence in the public sector bank and
may boost market sentiment.
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Ques : What is the revised MSP of middle grade jute as per JCI for the 2025-26 crop
year?
A. Rs.5,335
B. Rs.5,500
C. Rs.5,650
D. Rs.5,850
E. Rs.6,000
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The Jute Corporation of India (JCI) increased the Minimum Support Price (MSP) of
middle grade jute from Rs.5,335 to Rs.5,650 per quintal for the 2025–26 crop year.
• This revised MSP will be effective from July 1, 2025.
• The aim is to prevent distress selling, reduce farmer dependence on middlemen,
and ensure better returns for jute growers.
• Other grades of jute will also see proportional increases in MSP.
Ques: What is the name of India’s first AI-powered all-in-one agriculture app
launched by SBOF Agrosmart Private Limited?
(a) Krishi AI Mitra
(b) SmartFarm India
(c) AgriSathi
(d) SBOF Agrosmart
(e) AI Kisan Connect
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• SBOF Agrosmart Private Limited launched SBOF Agrosmart, India’s first AI-powered
integrated agriculture app.
• It combines Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and precision farming
tools.
• Features include 24/7 multilingual chatbot support, customized data-driven
recommendations, and updates on government schemes and subsidies for better
farming and financial planning.
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Ques: Which renewable energy company became the world’s first Independent
Power Producer (IPP) to turn water positive with a 14 GW operational portfolio?
(a) ReNew Power
(b) Tata Power Renewable Energy
(c) NTPC Green Energy Limited
(d) Adani Green Energy Limited
(e) JSW Energy
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Adani Green Energy Limited (AGEL) became the world’s first Renewable Energy IPP
to achieve water positivity with a 14 GW operational portfolio.
• Achieved a year ahead of the FY2025–26 target, this milestone was certified by
Intertek, a London-based global assurance firm.
• Water positivity means restoring more freshwater to the environment than what is
consumed.
• AGEL accomplished this through innovative practices like waterless robotic
cleaning, rainwater harvesting, and clean water generation from air moisture.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the 33rd Chairperson of the Union Public Service
Commission (UPSC)?
(a) Rajiv Gauba
(b) Ajay Kumar
(c) Preeti Sudan
(d) Sanjay Mitra
(e) Vinay Mohan Kwatra
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Ajay Kumar, a retired 1985-batch IAS officer from the Kerala cadre, has been
appointed as the 33rd Chairperson of UPSC.
• He replaces Preeti Sudan and was appointed under Article 316(1) of the
Constitution by the President of India.
• He previously served as Defence Secretary of India from August 2019 to October
2022.
• His term will continue till October 2027, when he attains the age of 65 years.
About Union Public Service Commission :
• Established : 1 October 1926
• HQ : New Delhi
• Ministery : Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
Ques : What is the total value of the defence deal signed between the US and Saudi
Arabia during Trump’s visit?
A. $60 billion
B. $142 billion
C. $300 billion
D. $500 billion
E. $600 billion
Answer : Option B
Explanation :
• During Donald Trump’s visit to Saudi Arabia, a $142 billion defence agreement was
signed — the largest such deal in US history.
• Additionally, Saudi Arabia promised $600 billion in investments, of which $300
billion were immediate deals.
• Major tech firms like Nvidia, AMD, and Humain will collaborate with Saudi on AI
infrastructure.
• Elon Musk and top CEOs accompanied Trump, showcasing strong business
diplomacy.
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Ques: Where was the Tabletop Exercise for the Quad Indo-Pacific Logistics Network
(IPLN) conducted?
(a) New Delhi, India
(b) Tokyo, Japan
(c) Canberra, Australia
(d) Honolulu, Hawaii
(e) Washington D.C., USA
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• India, Australia, Japan, and the United States of America, partners in the
Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad), simulated the launch of the Quad Indo-
Pacific Logistics Network at the AsiaPacific Center for Security Studies in Honolulu,
Hawaii, through a tabletop exercise.
• The IPLN is a strategic effort designed to help civilian disaster response in the Indo-
Pacific region by strengthening the Quad nations' joint logistics capabilities.
• From March 17 to 19, 2025, the Quad presidency hosted the Quad Pandemic
Preparedness Workshop 2025 in New Delhi.
• The Quad was first introduced by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in 2007 with
assistance from Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Australian Prime Minister
John Howard, and US Vice President Dick Cheney. It was then brought back to life in
2017.
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Ques : Who has been appointed as the Chairman and Managing Director of PTC India
in April 2025?
A. Rajeev Kumar
B. Suman Bery
C. Manoj Kumar Jhawar
D. Ajay Tyagi
E. Alok Kumar
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• Manoj Kumar Jhawar has been appointed as the Chairman and Managing Director
(CMD) of PTC India Ltd.
• His appointment is effective from April 26, 2025, as per the announcement made
on May 13, 2025.
• He will serve as CMD until superannuation at the age of 60.
• Previously, he was serving as a Whole-Time Director at the company.
Ques: As per the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, what percentage of
total reported claims under PMFBY and RWBCIS has been settled across India?
(a) 85%
(b) 90%
(c) 97%
(d) 100%
(e) 75%
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• According to official data, 97% of all reported insurance claims (Rs.1,34,353 crore
out of Rs.1,38,401 crore) under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) and
Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS) have been settled.
• The top-performing states with 100% claim settlement include Goa, Chhattisgarh,
Telangana, and Tamil Nadu.
• The scheme was launched in 2016 to protect farmers from crop loss due to natural
calamities, and it provides risk coverage from pre-sowing to post-harvest.
• In March 2025, the Government of India approved the continuation of both
schemes till FY26, with a total outlay of Rs.69,515.71 crore for FY22–FY26.
States with Highest Claim Shortfall :
1. Andhra Pradesh : Rs.1,842 crore
2. Maharashtra : Rs.631 crore
3. Rajasthan : Rs.478 crore
Top 3 States with Highest Claims Paid (As of 31 March 2025) :
1. Maharashtra : Rs.32,628 crore
2. Madhya Pradesh : Rs.22,274 crore
3. Rajasthan : Rs.24,806 crore
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the new Chairman and Managing Director (CMD)
of Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI)?
(a) Rameshwar Prasad Gupta
(b) Bhupinder Bhalla
(c) Alok Kumar
(d) Santosh Kumar Sarangi
(e) Tarun Kapoor
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Santosh Kumar Sarangi, the Secretary of the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
(MNRE), has been appointed as the new CMD of Solar Energy Corporation of India
(SECI).
• He replaces Rameshwar Prasad Gupta, a former IAS officer from the Gujarat cadre,
who took charge in June 2023.
• SECI plays a central role in implementing India's solar and renewable energy
projects.
• Solar Energy Corporation of India established in 2011and HQ in New Delhi
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Ques: From which year will Ayurveda Day be observed on a fixed date of September
23 instead of varying with Dhanteras?
(a) 2023
(b) 2024
(c) 2025
(d) 2026
(e) 2027
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Indian government has set September 23 as the annual date for Ayurveda Day
celebrations.
• Up till now, Dhanteras, a holiday celebrated during the Hindu month of Kartik (often
October or November), has fallen on the same day as Ayurveda Day.
• Nevertheless, the celebration of Ayurveda Day lacked a set annual date because the
day of Dhanteras varies every year.
• The selected day, September 23, falls on the autumnal equinox, when day and night
are almost equal.
• The Narendra Modi government started observing Dhanteras Day as Ayurveda Day
in 2016.
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Ques: Where has the Union Cabinet approved a new semiconductor unit in India
under the India Semiconductor Mission?
A. Bengaluru
B. Pune
C. Hyderabad
D. Near Jewar Airport, Uttar Pradesh
E. Gandhinagar
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The Union Cabinet chaired by PM Narendra Modi has approved India's 6th
semiconductor unit near Jewar Airport in Uttar Pradesh, under the Yamuna
Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA).
• This unit is a joint venture between HCL and Foxconn.
• This move supports the Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission by enhancing India’s self-
reliance in semiconductor manufacturing.
• India already has 5 units under advanced construction and a growing design
ecosystem involving 270 academic institutions and 70 startups.
Key features:
• Investment: Rs.3,700 crore
• Monthly capacity: 20,000 wafers
• Monthly output: 36 million display driver units
• The plant will produce chips for mobiles, laptops, automobiles, and other display
devices.
The Taliban government has officially suspended chess in Afghanistan, citing
concerns over gambling and its compatibility with Islamic principles.
For its 810 Megawatt solar power plant, Neyveli Lignite Corporation India
Renewables Limited and Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited inked a
Power Purchase Agreement. The Pugal Solar Park in Rajasthan's Bikaner district
would be the site of the solar power project's development.
Book “India@2047: Leading the Global Economic Order” Authored by Chief
Economist of the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Shyam Prakash Sharma
and Published at Juniper Hall, India Habitat Centre in New Delhi
The Permanent Mission of India (PMI) in Geneva hosted the Group of Friends of
Traditional Medicine's (GFTM) Sixth Meeting with great success. Ambassadors from a
number of nations who were dedicated to enhancing the place of traditional
medicine in international healthcare systems met.
The Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) has won three Fortuna
Global Excellence Awards – 2025 (India edition) for its innovative initiatives and
leadership in public transport.
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Ques: What is the purpose of the newly launched ‘Niveshak Shivir’ initiative by SEBI
and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs?
A. To increase FDI in India
B. To promote digital banking
C. To assist investors in reclaiming unclaimed dividends and shares
D. To regulate stock market investments
E. To monitor insider trading
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• SEBI and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, through IEPFA, launched ‘Niveshak
Shivir’, a nationwide investor assistance program.
• The initiative aims to educate and assist investors in reclaiming unclaimed
dividends and shares.
• IEPFA is a statutory body under Section 125 of the Companies Act, 2013, focusing
on investor protection, financial literacy, and refund of unclaimed amounts.
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Ques: Which Indian public sector bank entered the list of the world’s top 100 most
profitable companies in FY 2024–25?
A. Bank of Baroda
B. Canara Bank
C. Punjab National Bank
D. State Bank of India
E. Union Bank of India
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• State Bank of India (SBI) reported a net profit of USD 9.2 billion (Rs.77,561 crore) in
FY 2024–25.
• With this, SBI ranked 98th globally in terms of annual earnings, as per Bloomberg
data.
• SBI is now the third Indian company to join the world’s top 100 most profitable
companies, after ONGC (2009) and Reliance Industries (2021).
• The bank's strong position is attributed to a 31% CAGR in net profit over the last five
years.
• Alphabet, the parent company of Google, tops the list with a profit of USD 111
billion, showing the strong earnings power of tech companies.
• Saudi Aramco comes next with USD 105 billion, proving that the energy sector
continues to be very profitable
• With 43 companies, the United States of America (USA) tops the list, followed by
China (19 companies) and Germany (5 companies).
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Ques: What was India’s Wholesale Price Index (WPI) inflation in April 2025, marking a
13-month low?
A. 1.25%
B. 2.05%
C. 0.85%
D. 3.16%
E. 1.75%
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• India’s WPI inflation eased to 0.85% in April 2025, down from 2.05% in March,
marking the lowest level in 13 months.
• The fall is attributed to a broad-based decline in prices across commodities.
• Additionally, retail inflation also eased to 3.16% in April, the lowest since July 2019.
Recent WPI-based Retail inflation in India :
• March 2025 : 2.05%
• February 2025 : 2.38%
• January 2025 : 2.31%
• December 2024 : 2.37%
• November 2024 : 1.89%
Ques: Where was India’s first design center for 3-nanometer chip technology
inaugurated?
(a) Hyderabad and Pune
(b) Chennai and Gurugram
(c) Noida and Bengaluru
(d) Mumbai and Ahmedabad
(e) Kochi and Indore
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Renesas Electronics India Pvt Ltd inaugurated India’s first design centers working
on cutting-edge 3nm chip technology.
• These centers were inaugurated by Union Minister for Electronics & Information
Technology, Railways, and Information & Broadcasting, Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw at
Noida and Bengaluru
• These centres are the first in India to design chips at the advanced 3nm node—
marking significant technological progress from earlier 5nm and 7nm designs
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Ques: How many total products are now covered under Uttar Pradesh's ODOP (One
District, One Product) Scheme after the recent addition in 2025?
A. 60
B. 70
C. 72
D. 78
E. 74
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• 12 more goods have been added to the Uttar Pradesh government's One District,
One Product (ODOP) initiative, increasing the total to 74 products.
• Newly added items include agricultural implements (Baghpat), hosiery
(Saharanpur), footwear and petha (Agra), sattu (Ballia), etc
• The scheme promotes district-specific products for economic development and
employment generation
About ODOP Scheme :
• Launched : 24 January 2018
• Launched by : Uttar Pradesh government
• Aim : popularise and boost the sales of indigenous and specialised products/crafts
in the 75 districts of Uttar Pradesh
• Target : create employment opportunities in the state, boost exports from the
state, and help the state achieve a one-trillion-dollar economy by 2029
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Ques: Who was Jose Mujica, who recently passed away at the age of 89?
A. Former President of Argentina
B. Former President of Uruguay
C. Prime Minister of Spain
D. Rebel Leader from Brazil
E. President of Paraguay
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Jose Mujica, affectionately known as “Pepe,” was a former President of Uruguay,
serving from 2010 to 2015. He passed away at the age of 89.
• A former guerrilla fighter, Mujica became globally known for his humble lifestyle
and progressive policies.
• During his tenure, he legalized gay marriage, approved abortions in early pregnancy,
and backed the legal sale of marijuana—a landmark move in Catholic Latin America.
• Uruguay is a South American nation with its capital at Montevideo, and the currency
is the Uruguayan Peso (UYU).
• The country shares borders with Brazil and Argentina, and its official language is
Spanish.
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Ques: What is the name of the potential cyclone likely to impact Odisha, West
Bengal, and parts of Bangladesh as per IMD's forecast?
A. Mon-Tha
B. Fani
C. Shakti
D. Feinjal
E. Vayu
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Cyclone Shakti is a potential cyclone expected to form over the Bay of Bengal, as
per the India Meteorological Department (IMD).
• It could impact the eastern coast of India, especially Odisha and West Bengal, as
well as Khulna and Chattogram in Bangladesh.
• The name Shakti was proposed by Sri Lanka, in accordance with the cyclone naming
system used in the North Indian Ocean region.
• This system involves 13 member countries, each of which submits names in
advance. Used names are then retired and not reused.
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Ques: Which satellite internet service provider recently received a Letter of Intent
from the Department of Telecommunications to begin operations in India?
A. OneWeb
B. Amazon Kuiper
C. Starlink
D. HughesNet
E. Viasat
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Starlink, the satellite internet company owned by Elon Musk, received a Letter of
Intent from the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to begin commercial
operations in India.
• Starlink already provides satellite communication services in over 100 countries
using a constellation of 7,000+ low Earth orbit satellites.
• However, it still requires spectrum allocation and final approvals from IN-SPACe
(Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre) before launching
services.
Ques: Which Indian state has announced a full property tax exemption for all
defence personnel residing in gram panchayat areas?
A. Telangana
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Punjab
D. Uttar Pradesh
E. Haryana
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Andhra Pradesh Deputy Chief Minister Pawan Kalyan announced a full property tax
exemption for homes owned by defence personnel within gram panchayat limits.
• Earlier, this benefit was limited to retired soldiers or those posted at borders, but
now it includes all active personnel, regardless of deployment location.
• The announcement followed the sacrifice of Agniveer Murali Naik, a 23-year-old
soldier from Sri Sathya Sai district, who died in Jammu & Kashmir on May 9, 2025.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the Chairman of the BRICS Chamber of
Commerce & Industry (BRICS CCI) ahead of the 17th BRICS Summit in 2025?
A. Ramesh K. Sharma
B. Harvansh P. Chawla
C. Anil Kumar Jain
D. Pankaj Patel
E. Rajeev Khurana
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Harvansh P. Chawla, a renowned senior corporate legal expert Appointed as
Chairman of the BRICS Chamber of Commerce & Industry (BRICS CCI)
• The upcoming 17th BRICS Summit, scheduled to be held from 6th to 7th July 2025
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
About BRICS Chamber of Commerce & Industry :
• Established : 2012
• HQ : New Delhi
• Chairman : Harvansh P. Chawla
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Ques: According to the SRS Statistical Report 2021, which Indian states are
witnessing a decline in birth rates at twice the national average?
A. Rajasthan, Bihar, Chhattisgarh
B. Delhi, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
C. Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand
D. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana
E. Uttarakhand, Gujarat, Punjab
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The Sample Registration System (SRS) Statistical Report 2021, released in May
2024, shows a significant decline in birth rates in Delhi (2.23%), Kerala (2.05%), and
Tamil Nadu (2.35%), which is nearly double the national decline rate of 1.12% per
year.
• The national crude birth rate stood at 19.3 per 1,000 population in 2021.
• These southern and urbanized states are undergoing faster demographic transition,
impacting future population, health, and employment policies.
• In contrast, states like Rajasthan (0.48%), Bihar (0.86%), and Chhattisgarh (0.98%)
showed the slowest decline, while Uttarakhand was the only state to report an
increase.
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Ques: Which organization has set up a new office in Srinagar to develop inland water
transport infrastructure in Jammu & Kashmir?
(a) Ministry of Jal Shakti
(b) Central Water Commission
(c) Inland Waterways Authority of India
(d) National Highways Authority of India
(e) Indian Ports Association
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), under the Ministry of Ports,
Shipping and Waterways, has opened a new office in Srinagar.
• It aims to boost inland water transport (IWT) by developing navigation
infrastructure on three national waterways — NW-26 (Chenab), NW-49 (Jhelum), and
NW-84 (Ravi).
• Projects include floating jetties, dredging, and future development of Dal and
Wullar lakes for water navigation.
• IWAI took a step towards developing river cruise tourism in J&K, with an estimated
budget of Rs.100 crore.
About Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) :
• Established : 1986
• HQ : Noida, Uttar Pradesh
• Chairman : Vijay Kumar
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Ques: What is the primary purpose of India’s upcoming EOS-09 (RISAT-1B) satellite?
A. Deep space exploration
B. Climate change monitoring
C. Internet connectivity for remote areas
D. Telecommunications improvement
E. Border monitoring and defence capabilities
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• EOS-09 (RISAT-1B) is a radar imaging satellite scheduled for launch on May 18
aboard PSLV-C61 from Sriharikota.
• It will be placed in a Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), enabling consistent imaging
conditions.
• The satellite features a C-band synthetic aperture radar, allowing day-night and all-
weather surveillance.
• It will boost India’s border security, support anti-terror and infiltration detection,
and also serve civilian applications like agriculture, forestry, and flood assessment.
• It is a successor to RISAT-1 and complements India's existing Earth observation
fleet.
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Ques: What is the name of the statewide behavioural change campaign launched by
Kerala for a garbage-free state under the ‘Malinya Muktham Nava Keralam’ mission?
A. Vruthi Campaign
B. Clean Kerala Drive
C. Haritha Mission
D. Nava Kerala Yatra
E. Swachh Bharat Kerala
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• ‘Vruthi’ Campaign was launched by the Kerala government in October 2024 to
address the growing waste crisis in the state.
• "Vruthi" means cleanliness of body and mind, emphasizing both physical and
mental hygiene.
• It is part of the ‘Malinya Muktham Nava Keralam’ (Waste-Free New Kerala) mission.
• The campaign focuses on decentralized, tech-neutral waste management, mass
public participation, and 100% garbage-free targets for local bodies.
Ques: Who has been appointed as the 52nd Chief Justice of India with a tenure of six
months starting from 15 May 2025?
A. Justice B.R. Gavai
B. Justice Sanjiv Khanna
C. Justice D.Y. Chandrachud
D. Justice Ramana
E. Justice N.V. Ramana
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• Justice Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai was sworn in as the 52nd Chief Justice of India
on 15 May 2025 by President Droupadi Murmu. His tenure will last six months until
November 2025.
• He is the first Dalit CJI from the Scheduled Caste (SC) community.
• Justice Gavai has contributed to major cases like abrogation of Article 370 and will
oversee hearings on the Places of Worship Act and the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025.
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Ques: Which Indian film will be screened in the Classics section at the 78th Cannes
Film Festival 2025?
A. Aranyer Din Ratri
B. Apu Sansar
C. Pather Panchali
D. Tanvi: The Great
E. Homebound
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• The 78th Cannes Film Festival began on May 13, 2025, in Cannes, France, and will
run till May 24.
• Robert De Niro was honoured with an honourary Palme d’Or, presented by
Leonardo DiCaprio.
• Satyajit Ray’s 1970 classic 'Aranyer Din Ratri' will be screened in the Classics
section, starring Soumitra Chatterjee and Sharmila Tagore.
• Other Indian entries include ‘A Doll Made Up of Clay’ (La Cinef section),
‘Homebound’ by Neeraj Ghaywan (Uncertain Regard), and Anupam Kher’s ‘Tanvi: The
Great’ (Marché du Film premiere).
Ques: According to recent projections, what is the estimated value of the Indian
drone market by 2030?
A. $5 Billion
B. $8 Billion
C. $11 Billion
D. $15 Billion
E. $20 Billion
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Indian drone market is projected to reach $11 billion by 2030, accounting for
12.2% of the global drone market.
• This growth is fueled by rising demand in sectors like defence, surveillance,
agriculture, logistics, and disaster management.
• India is rapidly advancing in the field with indigenous drones like TAPAS-BH-201,
Rustom, Ghatak, and Nagastra, alongside imports such as Heron and Warmate.
• The “Make in India” initiative and strategic defence needs are major drivers behind
this booming sector.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the President of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC)
for a one-year term starting October 1, 2025?
A. Michael Vaughan
B. Lord King of Lothbury
C. Edward Thomas Smith
D. Andrew Strauss
E. Nasser Hussain
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Edward Thomas Smith, former Chief Selector of the England Men's Cricket Team
(2018–2021), has been appointed as President of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).
• His one-year term will begin on October 1, 2025, replacing Lord King of Lothbury.
• The appointment was confirmed at the MCC Annual General Meeting held at Lord’s
Cricket Ground, London.
• Notably, during his tenure as Chief Selector, England won the ICC Men’s World Cup
for the first time in 2019.
Ques: According to the Brand Finance Tyre 2025 report, what is the global rank of
MRF in terms of brand strength?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd
D. 4th
E. 5th
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• MRF Ltd., headquartered in Chennai, has been ranked as the 3rd strongest tyre
brand globally by the UK-based Brand Finance in its Tyre 2025 Report.
• It ranks just behind Michelin (BSI 92.6) and Goodyear (BSI 88.0), with a Brand
Strength Index (BSI) score of 83.5.
• MRF has surpassed other well-known global tyre brands such as Yokohama,
Bridgestone, Hankook, and Pirelli.
• The ranking highlights MRF’s strong brand preference, customer trust, familiarity,
and consistent product performance, reinforcing its leadership both in India and
worldwide.
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Ques: Who is the author of the book “PMO Through the Ages”?
A. Sanjaya Baru
B. Himanshu Roy
C. Rajdeep Sardesai
D. Shashi Tharoor
E. Vinay Sitapati
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The book “PMO Through the Ages” (full title: Prime Minister’s Office Through the
Years) is authored by Himanshu Roy.
• It explores how India’s Prime Ministers have strengthened and expanded their
secretariat (PMO) over the decades.
• The book is published by Rupa Publications.
• It offers an insightful look into the evolving role and power structure of the Prime
Minister’s Office in India.
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Ques: Who won the Tri-Nation Women’s ODI Series held in Sri Lanka in May 2025?
A. Sri Lanka
B. South Africa
C. Australia
D. India
E. England
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Indian women's cricket team, led by Harmanpreet Kaur, won the Tri-Nation ODI
Series in Sri Lanka.
• The series featured India, Sri Lanka, and South Africa, and was held from 27 April to
11 May 2025 at the R Premadasa Stadium, Colombo.
• Smriti Mandhana was named Player of the Final, and Sneh Rana, who took 15
wickets, was awarded Player of the Series.
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Ques: As per the first official monthly labour force data released in April 2025, what
was India’s overall unemployment rate?
A. 4.2%
B. 6.5%
C. 5.1%
D. 3.9%
E. 7.8%
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) data for April 2025, India’s
overall unemployment rate stood at 5.1%.
• Urban unemployment was higher at 6.5%, while rural unemployment was lower at
4.5%.
• The data was released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
(MoSPI).
• From January 2025, PLFS is being released monthly to enable real-time tracking of
employment patterns.
• Youth unemployment (15–29 yrs) was reported at 13.8%, with female youth
unemployment at 14.4% and male youth at 13.6%.
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Ques: When is the International Day of Light observed annually?
A. 14 May
B. 16 May
C. 18 May
D. 20 May
E. 21 May
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The International Day of Light is observed every year on 16th May, marking the first
successful operation of the laser by Theodore Maiman in 1960.
• The United Nations first observed the International Year of Light in 2015 to raise
global awareness about light science.
• Theme for 2025: “Light, Innovation, Society”.
Leading online marketplaces have received thirteen notices from the Central
Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) prohibiting the listing and sale of walkie-
talkies on e-commerce platforms without the required equipment type approval
(ETA), frequency disclosure, or licensing information. This is a violation of the
Consumer Protection Act of 2019.
Qatar National Bank (QNB), headquartered in Doha, Qatar, is the largest financial
institution in the MEA region. It became the first bank from the MEA region to open a
branch in GIFT-IFSC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Autobiography “Janta Ki Kahani – Meri Aatamkatha” Authored by Haryana Governor
Bandaru Dattatraya. It is Launched by Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar
President of India pays Tributes to Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed on his birth anniversary on
13 may. He was the fifth President of India from 1974 to 1977 and also the second
President of the country to die in office after Zakir Hussain
Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh appealed to the scientific community to come
forward and voluntarily donate blood, emphasizing the creation of a "Blood Bank for
National Service”
Adani Enterprises Limited introduced India’s first hydrogen-powered fuel cell truck
for mining logistics in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, to promote cleaner transportation and
replace diesel vehicles in its logistics operations.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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lQues: Which bank launched the 'Union Wellness Deposit' scheme that combines
fixed deposit benefits with health insurance and lifestyle perks?
A. Bank of India
B. Union Bank of India
C. Indian Overseas Bank
D. Canara Bank
E. Punjab & Sind Bank
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Union Bank of India (UBI) launched the ‘Union Wellness Deposit’, an innovative
retail term deposit scheme.
• It targets individuals aged 18 to 75 years, either individually or jointly.
• The scheme aims to promote wealth creation and health protection by combining
fixed deposit benefits with health insurance and lifestyle perks.
• The deposit has a fixed tenure of 375 days and offers an interest rate of 6.75% per
annum, with an additional 0.50% for senior citizens.
• Investment limits: Minimum ₹10 lakh and maximum Rs.3 crore.
About Union Bank of India :
• Established : 1919
• HQ : Mumbai
• MD & CEO : A. Manimekhalai
• Tagline : Good People to Bank with
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Ques: As per the 2025 SIDBI report, how many MSMEs were registered on the
Udyam Registration Portal by March 2025?
A. 3.5 crore
B. 4.8 crore
C. 5.6 crore
D. 6.2 crore
E. 7.1 crore
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) released a report titled
‘Understanding the Indian MSME Sector: Progress, and Challenges’.
• The report is based on a survey of 2,097 MSMEs across 19 sectors including
manufacturing, services, and trading.
• The number of registrations on the Udyam Registration Portal (URP) rose
significantly to over 6.2 crore by March 2025, up from 2.5 crore in March 2024,
reflecting a rapid formalization of the MSME sector.
• MSMEs contribute nearly 30% to India’s GDP and provide employment to over 11
crore people, making the sector essential for sustainable and long-term economic
growth.
Highlights of the report :
• MSMEs contribution to India’s total exports has steadily grown, reaching 43.59% in
Financial Year 2022-23 (FY23), 45.73% in FY24, and 45.79% in FY25
• MSMEs contribution to India’s total exports has steadily grown, reaching 43.59% in
Financial Year 2022-23 (FY23), 45.73% in FY24, and 45.79% in FY25
• Female owned proprietary establishments increased from 22.9% in 2022-23 to
26.2% in 2023-24
• Due to limited credit access, 12% of micro enterprises turned to informal borrowing,
compared to 3% of small and 2% of medium enterprises
• Despite credit supply to MSMEs increasing, the sector has a broad addressable
credit gap of Rs. 30 lakh crore
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Ques: Which bank recently launched the specialized account suite ‘TruEdge’ with
the tagline “Grow with trust, lead with edge”?
A. Punjab National Bank
B. Bank of Baroda
C. Union Bank of India
D. Canara Bank
E. Indian Bank
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Canara Bank has launched ‘CANARA TruEdge’, a specialized and feature-rich suite of
Current and Savings Accounts.
• The product comes with the tagline “Grow with trust, lead with edge.”
• One of the key features is a zero initial deposit requirement, enabling smooth and
easy onboarding for customers.
• The account suite is designed to meet the evolving needs of retail and business
customers, combining innovation with trust.
Ques: Who has been awarded the honorary rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the
Territorial Army in April 2025?
A. Abhinav Bindra
B. Mahendra Singh Dhoni
C. Vijay Kumar
D. Neeraj Chopra
E. Deepak Punia
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Neeraj Chopra, India’s Olympic gold medallist and world champion javelin thrower,
has been awarded the honorary rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the Territorial Army,
effective April 16, 2025.
• He was originally commissioned in 2017 as a Naib Subedar in the Rajputana Rifles
Regiment and rose to Subedar Major by 2022.
• The honorary rank was granted under Para 31 of the Territorial Army Regulations,
1948.
• Other sportspersons who have received honorary military ranks include Abhinav
Bindra, Vijay Kumar, and M.S. Dhoni.
• Awards and Honours for Neeraj Chopra : Padam Shri (2022), Param Vishisht Seva
Medal (2022) , Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award (2021 ), and Arjuna Award
(2018)
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Ques: What is Akashteer, recently in news for neutralizing all Pakistani drones and
missiles during a simulation?
A. A hypersonic missile
B. A naval strike drone
C. An AI-based air defence system
D. A satellite surveillance system
E. A battlefield management radar
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Akashteer is India’s AI-driven air defence system, developed indigenously by Bharat
Electronics Limited (BEL) in collaboration with DRDO and ISRO.
• It is an Air Defence Control and Reporting System (ADCRS) that provides real-time
situational awareness and automated threat response capabilities.
• The system was recently in the spotlight for neutralizing all Pakistani drones and
missiles in a defense simulation.
• Akashteer is a key step towards modernizing India’s air defence network using
artificial intelligence and advanced sensors.
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Ques: Which traditional Rajasthani bean, used in the famous Ker Sangri dish, was
recently awarded the GI tag?
A. Guar
B. Moth Bean
C. Sangri
D. Chana
E. Matki
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Rajasthan’s traditional Sangri bean has received the Geographical Indication (GI)
tag.
• Sangri pods grow on the Khejri tree (Prosopis cineraria), which is the state tree of
Rajasthan.
• In many Rajasthani communities, cutting down the Khejri tree is discouraged or
even forbidden.
• The tree holds special significance for the Bishnoi community, known for their
commitment to environmental protection.
• The Ker Sangri dish, made using dried berries of the Ker shrub (Capparis decidua)
and Sangri beans, is a staple in Rajasthani cuisine and deeply embedded in its
cultural traditions.
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Ques: How many startups were recently approved by the Government of India for
100% income tax exemption under the Startup India initiative?
A. 150
B. 187
C. 210
D. 173
E. 165
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Government of India has approved 187 startups for 100% income tax
exemption on profits.
• The exemption can be availed for any three consecutive years within 10 years from
the date of incorporation.
• This benefit is part of the Startup India initiative, aimed at promoting innovation
and entrepreneurship in the country.
• Startups must meet specific eligibility criteria to qualify for this benefit.
• The move seeks to support emerging businesses and strengthen India’s startup
ecosystem.
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Ques: Which Indian PSU has signed an agreement with the State Trade Organisation
Plc of Maldives under the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana?
A. ONGC
B. HLL Lifecare Limited
C. GAIL
D. SAIL
E. BHEL
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• HLL Lifecare Limited, a Government of India enterprise, has signed an agreement
with State Trade Organisation Plc, a Government of Maldives body, for the supply of
essential medicines.
• This collaboration falls under the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana
(PMBJP).
• PMBJP aims to provide quality generic medicines at affordable prices through Jan
Aushadhi Kendras.
• The scheme is overseen by the Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices Bureau of India
(PMBI) under the Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers.
• Jan Aushadhi Diwas is observed every year on March 7.
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Ques: Where was the 4th Ministerial Conference of the Regional Integrated Multi-
Hazard Early Warning System (RIMES) held?
A. New Delhi, India
B. Jakarta, Indonesia
C. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
D. Colombo, Sri Lanka
E. Bangkok, Thailand
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The 4th Ministerial Conference of RIMES was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka, co-chaired
by India and hosted by the Government of Sri Lanka and the World Bank.
• The conference theme was “Actionable Early Warnings and Climate Services for
All”, and India was represented by Dr. M. Ravichandran, Secretary, Ministry of Earth
Sciences.
• The 1st edition was held in 2012 in New Delhi, and the last edition was held in Papua
New Guinea (2017).
About Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System (RIMES) :
• Establishment : 30 April 2009
• HQ : Campus of the Asian Institute of Technology in Pathumthani, Thailand
• Members : 62 member nations including, 22 member states and 40 collaborating
nations
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LQues: Who won the 2025 World Food Prize for her work in developing biological
alternatives to chemical fertilizers?
A. Dr. Maria Silva
B. Dr. Ana Costa
C. Dr. Paula Ferreira
D. Dr. Mariana Alves
E. Dr. Mariangela Hungria
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• The 2025 World Food Prize was awarded to Brazilian microbiologist Dr. Mariangela
Hungria.
• The award is presented by the World Food Prize Foundation, based in Des Moines,
Iowa, USA.
• She was honoured for her groundbreaking work in developing biological alternatives
to chemical fertilizers.
• Her research focused on using Azospirillum brasilense bacteria to boost root
growth in crops like corn, allowing them to access deeper water and nutrients.
• She is the 10th woman to receive the World Food Prize.
• The award, carrying a prize of USD 500,000, will be presented during the Borlaug
Dialogue International Symposium in October 2025 in Des Moines.
About World Food Prize :
• Started : 1986 by Dr. Norman Borlaug, the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize laureate and
“Father of the Green Revolution”. It is Also called Nobel Prize for Food and
Agriculture.
• Prize : USD 500,000 monetary award, a diploma, and a commemorative sculpture
designed by renowned artist Saul Bass
• 1st winner of India : Dr. Mankombu Sambasivan (M.S.) Swaminathan (1987)
• Last winner of India : Dr. Rattan Lal (2020)
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Ques: Which Indian state has recently made the use of artificial sand (m-sand)
mandatory for government construction projects?
A. Gujarat
B. Rajasthan
C. Maharashtra
D. Tamil Nadu
E. Karnataka
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Maharashtra government approved a policy to promote and mandate the use
of artificial sand (m-sand) as a sustainable substitute for natural river sand in
government and semi-government construction works.
• Artificial sand is created by crushing hard rocks like granite into sand-sized
particles.
• The state has permitted the installation of 1,500 crusher machines (50 per district)
and reduced the royalty price to Rs.200 per brass, compared to Rs.600 for natural
sand.
• In 2014, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) had banned sand mining in coastal
regions in many states, including Maharashtra
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Ques: Which country recently launched the 10-year ‘Blue Residency’ visa for
contributors to sustainability and environmental protection?
A. United Arab Emirates
B. Qatar
C. Saudi Arabia
D. Bahrain
E. Oman
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has launched the Blue Residency Visa, a 10-year
residency program.
• The program is designed to recognize and attract individuals who have made
significant contributions to environmental protection, sustainability, and clean or
renewable energy.
• It was first announced at the World Government Summit in February 2025.
• This initiative supports the UAE’s vision of becoming a global hub for green
innovation and environmental leadership.
Eligibility includes:
– Scientists and researchers with environmental achievements
– Investors and entrepreneurs in green sectors
– Professionals in environmental institutions
– International environmental activists and NGO members
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Ques: Which museum in Kerala has been recently added to the Global Network of
Water Museums?
A. Living Water Museum, Pune
B. Jal Water Museum, Udaipur
C. Water Heritage Museum, Kozhikode
D. Indian Water Legacy Museum, Chennai
E. Blue Planet Museum, Hyderabad
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Water Heritage Museum, run by the Centre for Water Resources Development
and Management (CWRDM) in Kozhikode, Kerala, has been included in the Global
Network of Water Museums (WAMU-NET).
• It becomes the third museum in India to receive this recognition, after the JAL
Water Museum in Udaipur and the Living Water Museum in Pune.
• WAMU-NET is a UNESCO initiative under the Intergovernmental Hydrological
Programme, which recognizes institutions working to preserve water heritage and
promote sustainable water management.
Ques: Which Indian state recently notified the country’s largest conservation
reserve, Tsarap Chu, to protect snow leopards and high-altitude biodiversity?
A. Uttarakhand
B. Sikkim
C. Jammu & Kashmir
D. Himachal Pradesh
E. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Himachal Pradesh has notified the Tsarap Chu Conservation Reserve, India’s largest
conservation reserve, spanning 1,585 sq km.
• Located in the Spiti Valley, it was notified under Section 36A(1) of the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972.
• The reserve aims to conserve snow leopards, rare Himalayan wildlife, and
strengthen wildlife corridors.
• It shares borders with Ladakh (UT), Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary, Kabjima Nala, and
Chandratal Wildlife Sanctuary, serving as a vital ecological corridor.
• Key species include snow leopard, Tibetan wolf, bharal, Himalayan ibex, kiang, and
Tibetan argali, as well as rare birds like rose finch, Tibetan raven, and yellow-billed
chough.
• It forms part of a high-altitude Trans-Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, playing a
crucial role in conservation efforts in the region.
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Ques: Which Indian city has been declared the country’s first beggar-free city as of
2025?
A. Bhopal
B. Jaipur
C. Indore
D. Pune
E. Surat
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Indore, Madhya Pradesh, has been declared India’s first beggar-free city following a
successful anti-begging campaign initiated in February 2024.
• The initiative was recognized by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
(MSJE) and the World Bank as a model project.
• Over 5000 beggars, including 500 children, were rehabilitated through
employment and education efforts.
• Public cooperation was encouraged with a Rs.1000 reward for reporting beggars,
and this project was part of a pilot initiative in 10 Indian cities.
Ques: Who recently declared the symbolic independence of the “Republic of
Balochistan” and appealed to the UN for recognition?
A. Brahamdagh Bugti
B. Allah Nazar Baloch
C. Mir Yar Baloch
D. Hyrbyair Marri
E. Aslam Baloch
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Mir Yar Baloch, a noted Baloch activist and writer, made a symbolic declaration of
independence for Balochistan via social media, proclaiming it the "Democratic
Republic of Balochistan."
• He appealed to the United Nations to Recognize the declaration, and Provide
financial support for essential state functions like issuing currency and passports.
• The announcement has escalated tensions in the region and brought renewed focus
to the Baloch insurgency, particularly after the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA)
carried out 71 attacks under Operation Herof.
• Balochistan is rich in natural resources (gas, copper, coal, gold – especially the Reko
Diq mine) and is strategically important due to Gwadar Port, a key hub in China’s Belt
and Road Initiative (BRI).
• India has repeatedly highlighted human rights violations in Balochistan and
considers the region strategically important in the Indo-Pacific context and as a
counter to CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor).
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Anita Anand, an Indo-Canadian and the first Hindu woman MP in Canada's House of
Commons, has been appointed Canada’s Foreign Minister by PM Mark Carney. He
also appointed Maninder Sidhu as the international trade minister
Scientists recently developed a way to map how brain cells are connected using light
microscopes in a technique called Light-microscopy-based Connectomics (LICONN).
It was developed at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA).
The Indian Army launched a counter-terrorism operation in Shoekal Keller, Shopian,
Jammu & Kashmir. The operation, named Operation Keller, was based on specific
intelligence inputs from a Rashtriya Rifles unit.
Chicago based Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech) has become the first
American university to receive approval from India’s University Grants Commission
(UGC) to set up an independent, degree-granting campus in Mumbai. The campus is
scheduled to open in 2026.
CSIR–Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIRIICT), Hyderabad, scientist Surya
Prakash Singh has been awarded the prestigious INSA Distinguished Lecture
Fellowship for the year 2025 by the Indian National Science Academy (INSA)
To improve India's non-ferrous metal recycling ecosystem, Union Minister G. Kishan
Reddy, the Ministry of Coal, and the Ministry of Mines created the Non-Ferrous Metal
Recycling Website and Stakeholders' Portal.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: What are the two new Fixed Deposit schemes launched by Indian Bank
effective from May 8, 2025?
A. IND GOLD & IND GREEN
B. IND SECURE & IND GREEN
C. IND SUPER & IND PRIME
D. IND GROW & IND SAVE
E. IND PRIME & IND FUTURE
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Indian Bank launched two new fixed deposit (FD) schemes — IND SECURE (444 days)
and IND GREEN (555 days) — with effect from May 8, 2025.
• These schemes offer attractive interest rates:
IND SECURE: Up to 7.90% p.a. for super senior citizens.
IND GREEN: Designed to promote sustainable development, with rates up to 7.55%
p.a.
• Investment range: Rs.1,000 to less than Rs.3 crore.
• Validity: Both schemes are open for investment till September 30, 2025.
• They are available in the form of FD or money multiplier deposit with callable
options.
• These new schemes replace the discontinued IND SUPER (400 Days) and IND
SUPREME (300 Days).
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Ques: What is the reason RBI imposed a penalty of rs.29.60 lakh on Yes Bank in May
2025?
A. Fraud in loan disbursal
B. Violation of KYC norms
C. Incorrect reporting of customer complaints
D. Delay in CRR submission
E. Misuse of funds
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a penalty of Rs.29.60 lakh on Yes Bank
Limited on May 16, 2025.
• The penalty was due to non-compliance with RBI’s guidelines on ‘Financial
Statements Presentation and Disclosures’.
• Specifically, Yes Bank failed to disclose accurate and complete information on
customer complaints in its Annual Financial Statements for FY 2023–24.
• This violation was identified during ISE 2024, based on the bank’s financials as of
March 31, 2024.
• The penalty was imposed under Section 47A(1)(c) read with Section 46(4)(i) of the
Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
• RBI clarified that the penalty relates to regulatory non-compliance and does not
affect the validity of transactions with customers.
Ques: As per the May 2025 RBI circular, to which country has Exim Bank of India
extended a USD 700 million Line of Credit for a crude oil refinery project?
A. Kazakhstan
B. Bangladesh
C. Russia
D. Mongolia
E. Uzbekistan
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Exim Bank of India signed an agreement on January 16, 2025, with the Government
of Mongolia to provide a USD 700 million Line of Credit (LoC) for financing the
construction of a crude oil refinery plant in Mongolia.
• The LoC became effective from May 6, 2025, with a disbursement period extending
up to 48 months after project completion.
• The funding is aimed at promoting infrastructure development in Mongolia under
the Reserve Bank of India’s circular no. A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 05/2025-26
dated May 16, 2025.
• Only eligible Indian goods and services can be exported under this LoC, with
mandatory filing of shipping bills and no agency commission payable under the
scheme.
• The project is part of India’s efforts to strengthen bilateral cooperation and export
financing through Exim Bank.
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Ques: What is the estimated amount RBI may transfer as surplus to the government
for FY 2024-25?
A. Rs.1 lakh crore
B. Rs.2 lakh crore
C. Rs.3 lakh crore
D. Rs.4 lakh crore
E. Rs.50,000 crore
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), based on the Economic Capital Framework (ECF),
may transfer a record surplus ranging from Rs.2.5 lakh crore to Rs.3 lakh crore to the
government for the financial year 2024-25.
• The previous highest surplus transfer was Rs.2.11 lakh crore in FY 2023-24.
• RBI sets aside a Contingency Risk Buffer (CRB) as a reserve fund for financial
stability crises before transferring the surplus.
• The Economic Capital Framework was recommended by an expert committee led by
Bimal Jalan in 2018 and is reviewed every five years. The next review is scheduled for
August 2024.
• RBI’s surplus earnings for FY 2023-24 were mainly driven by foreign exchange sales,
gold revaluation, and investments.
Ques: Which company has SBI Card partnered with to launch a health and wellness-
focused co-branded credit card in May 2025?
A. Fortis HealthCare
B. Max Life
C. MedPlus
D. Apollo HealthCo
E. AIIMS Wellness
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• SBI Card has collaborated with Apollo HealthCo, the operator of Apollo Pharmacy,
to launch a co-branded credit card in May 2025.
• The card is named Apollo SBI Card SELECT and is focused on health and wellness
spending.
• Cardholders will earn rewards on purchases made at Apollo Pharmacy stores,
health check-up packages, blood tests, and other services offered through the Apollo
24×7 app.
• This partnership aims to enhance financial access to healthcare while promoting
preventive wellness through rewards-driven incentives.
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Q. Who among the following has been appointed as new Managing Directors of LIC
from June 2025?
A. Siddhartha Mohanty and Ratnakar Patnaik
B. Dinesh Pant and Ratnakar Patnaik
C. Rakesh Sharma and Dinesh Pant
D. Ratnakar Patnaik and Mukesh Kumar
E. Vivek Joshi and Dinesh Pant
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Government of India has approved the appointment of Dinesh Pant and
Ratnakar Patnaik as Managing Directors (MDs) of Life Insurance Corporation of India
(LIC) effective from June 1, 2025.
• Dinesh Pant’s tenure is till May 31, 2027, and Ratnakar Patnaik’s tenure is till March
31, 2028, or until further orders.
• Their backgrounds include actuarial, investment, and executive management roles,
expected to strengthen LIC’s leadership.
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Ques: Why did RBI impose a monetary penalty of Rs.50 lakh on Deutsche Bank AG,
India in May 2025?
A. Misuse of customer funds
B. Non-compliance with KYC norms
C. Incorrect financial disclosures
D. Failure to report credit information to CRILC
E. Delay in income recognition
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a rs.50 lakh penalty on Deutsche Bank AG,
India on May 13, 2025.
• The reason: Non-compliance with RBI’s directions related to reporting of credit
information to the Central Repository of Information on Large Credits (CRILC).
• The violation was found during ISE 2024 based on the bank’s financials as of March
31, 2024.
• The bank failed to report credit data of certain borrowers to CRILC, leading to
regulatory action.
• The penalty was levied under Section 47A(1)(c) read with Section 46(4)(i) of the
Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
• RBI clarified that the action pertains solely to regulatory non-compliance and does
not question the validity of any customer transactions.
Ques: What is the name of the newly launched current account offering by HDFC
Bank aimed at businesses?
A. SmartBiz Account
B. EasyTrade Account
C. Biz+ Current Account
D. BusinessPro Account
E. EliteBiz Account
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• HDFC Bank has launched Biz+ Current Accounts, a reimagined suite of current
account products tailored for Indian businesses.
• The offering is designed to simplify banking services and enhance operational
efficiency through modern solutions.
• The product caters to business customers and enterprises, addressing their
evolving financial needs.
• With Biz+, HDFC aims to deliver a streamlined, business-friendly banking experience
to help enterprises grow and manage their operations more efficiently.
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Ques: Under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme, how many railway stations will be
virtually inaugurated by PM Modi on May 22, 2025?
A. 101
B. 103
C. 133
D. 157
E. 137
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi will virtually inaugurate 103 redeveloped railway
stations on May 22, 2025, from Bikaner, Rajasthan.
• These stations are part of the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme, launched in 2022,
which aims to transform 1,337 railway stations into modern city centres with
enhanced passenger amenities.
• The redevelopment includes facilities such as modern toilets, lifts, escalators, free
Wi-Fi, executive lounges, food plazas, and business centres.
• The design of each station reflects the local art, culture, and heritage of the region.
• The total estimated cost for redeveloping all 1,337 stations is ₹1 lakh crore.
• Uttar Pradesh leads with the highest number of stations (157) under this scheme,
followed by Maharashtra (132) and West Bengal (101).
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Ques: According to Ethnologue 2025, which Indian language is the 3rd most spoken
language in the world?
A. Bengali
B. Telugu
C. Hindi
D. Urdu
E. Marathi
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Five Indian languages—Hindi (ranked third), Bengali (7th), Urdu (ranked 11th),
Marathi (16th), and Telugu (18th)—are among the top 20 most spoken languages
worldwide in 2025, according to recent research from Ethnologue, the most
authoritative source on languages of the world.
• Hindi, which has 609.1 million speakers, is the third most spoken language globally
and the most spoken language in India.
• In 2025, English is the most spoken language worldwide, as it is the first and second
language of 1.53 billion people in 188 countries.
List of Top 5 Most Spoken Languages Globally in 2025 :
1 English (1.53 Billion)
2 Mandarin Chinese (1.25 Billion)
3 Hindi (609.1 Million)
4 Spanish (558.5 Million)
5 Standard Arabic (334.8 Million)
7 Bengali (284.3 Million)
11 Urdu (246 Million)
Ques: ReNew Energy will invest Rs.22,000 crore to set up India’s largest hybrid
renewable energy project in which district of Andhra Pradesh?
A. Visakhapatnam
B. Vijayawada
C. Chittoor
D. Anantapur
E. Guntur
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• ReNew Energy Global Plc has announced an investment of Rs.22,000 crore to set
up India’s largest hybrid renewable energy project in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh.
• The project has a total generation capacity of 2.8 GW, including1.8 GWp solar, 1 GW
wind, and 2 GWh Battery Energy Storage System (BESS).
• Phase 1 includes 587 MWp solar, 250 MW wind, and 415 MWh BESS.
• It will supply power for 4 peak hours daily, use Made-in-India solar panels from
Jaipur and Dholera, and adopt waterless robotic cleaning and solar tracking systems.
• The foundation stone was laid by Nara Lokesh, IT & HRD Minister of Andhra
Pradesh.
• ReNew already operates 717 MW wind and 60 MW solar capacity across 10 sites in
the state.
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Ques: Which Indian state launched the ‘Eti Koli Duti Paat’ scheme offering Rs.5,000
assistance to tea garden workers during the 200th celebration of Assam Tea?
A. West Bengal
B. Tripura
C. Meghalaya
D. Assam
E. Sikkim
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma launched the ‘Eti Koli Duti Paat’ scheme
during the 200th celebration of Assam Tea.
• Under this scheme, the Government of Assam will provide a one-time assistance of
Rs.5,000 to each permanent and temporary tea garden worker.
• Assam produces nearly 700 million kg of tea annually, contributing to around 50%
of India’s total tea production.
• CM Sarma also approved the renaming of Dibrugarh Airport in Assam after Bhupen
Hazarika, the legendary singer and cultural icon, marking his 100th birth anniversary.
• Bhupen Hazarika was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2019.
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Ques: What is the name of the military operation launched by Israel in Gaza in 2025?
A. Operation Iron Sword
B. Operation Gaza Storm
C. Operation Gideon Chariots
D. Operation Hostage Rescue
E. Operation Thunder Force
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Israel launched Operation Gideon Chariots in 2025 to pressure Hamas into releasing
the remaining hostages.
• The operation involved intensive airstrikes in Gaza, resulting in over 150 deaths
within 24 hours.
• Gaza has been under a strict blockade for over three months, with no food, water,
fuel, or goods allowed in.
• Israel’s Defence Minister confirmed the operation is being conducted with “great
force.”
• Prime Minister Netanyahu had earlier vowed to escalate pressure on Hamas.
• Since Israel ended the January ceasefire on March 15, over 3,000 people have died.
Approximately 23 hostages are still believed to be alive in Gaza, though their
condition remains uncertain.
• The situation in Gaza has been declared a humanitarian crisis, with UN food experts
warning of famine-like conditions if the blockade continues.
Ques: Who has recently become India's 86th Chess Grandmaster?
A. R. Praggnanandhaa
B. Arjun Erigaisi
C. L.R. Srihari
D. Gukesh D
E. Raunak Sadhwani
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• L.R. Srihari from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, became India’s 86th Grandmaster after
securing his third GM norm at the Asian Individual Chess Championship held in Al-
Ain, UAE.
• He crossed the 2500 Elo rating at the Dubai Open in May 2023.
• He achieved his GM norms at Sixdays Budapest GM Round-Robin (Aug 2023), 2023
Qatar Masters, and Asian Individual Championship, Al-Ain (Abu Dhabi).
• Currently, he is a 19-year-old B.Com student.
• After nearly a year and nine tournaments, Srihari finally earned the Grandmaster
title, calling it a “huge relief” after facing repeated setbacks.
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Ques: What is the name of the large-scale field exercise recently conducted by the
Indian Army’s Trishakti Corps in West Bengal?
A. Brahmaputra Strike
B. Eastern Shield
C. Sindoor Sena
D. Teesta Prahar
E. Himalayan Thunder
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Indian Army conducted ‘Teesta Prahar’, a large-scale integrated field exercise at
the Teesta field firing range in West Bengal.
• The exercise was held under the Trishakti Corps, part of the Eastern Command.
• It gained importance in the backdrop of Operation Sindoor.
• The objective was to simulate and validate combat operations in riverine and all-
terrain environments.
• It also assessed the use of newly acquired advanced weaponry, military equipment,
and modern battlefield technology, supporting the Indian Army’s modernisation
drive.
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Ques: What is the new name of the revamped National Manuscripts Mission set to
be launched on June 9, 2025?
A. Bharat Gyan Yatra
B. Digital Granth Yojan
C. Gyan Bharatam Mission
D. Manuscript India Mission
E. Heritage Bharat Scheme
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The revamped National Manuscripts Mission (NMM), which will be launched by
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on June 9, 2025, has been renamed as the Gyan
Bharatam Mission.
• This mission aims to survey, document, and conserve over 1 crore manuscripts
from across India.
• These manuscripts will be collected from academic institutions, libraries, museums,
and private collectors.
• The mission is overseen by the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA).
• The budget allocation has been significantly raised from ₹3.5 crore to ₹60 crore.
• Although the mission started in 2003, progress was limited until this major revamp.
• So far, 52 lakh manuscripts’ metadata have been digitized, and over 3 lakh
manuscripts preserved digitally, but only one-third are uploaded online.
• The government is also planning an autonomous body for better management of
ancient texts.
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Ques: Which Kalaburagi-based artist has been selected for the 52nd Karnataka
Lalitkala Academy Award for his miniature painting ‘Madhyamadi Raga’?
A. Suresh Patil
B. Rehman Patel
C. Manjunath Shetty
D. Abdul Wahid
E. Vijay Reddy
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Rehman Patel, an artist from Kalaburagi, has been selected for the 52nd Karnataka
State Lalitkala Academy Award for 2022–23.
• He will be awarded for his traditional miniature painting titled ‘Madhyamadi Raga’.
• The award includes a cash prize of Rs.25,000 and a citation, and will be presented
on May 23 at Ravindra Kalakshetra in Bengaluru.
• Patel has dedicated over two decades to the Surpur miniature art form, a style that
thrived under the Surpur Nayaks (1773–1858 AD).
• He also received a fellowship from the Union Ministry of Tourism and Culture in
2002 for his work in preserving this dying art form.
Ques: What is the name of the counter-terrorism network recently revamped and
inaugurated by Union Home Minister Amit Shah?
A. MAC (Multi Agency Centre)
B. CCTNS
C. NATGRID
D. IBIN
E. I4C
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated the revamped Multi Agency Centre
(MAC), developed at a cost of ₹500 crore.
• It is a key component of India’s counter-terrorism infrastructure under the
Intelligence Bureau (IB).
• The MAC ensures real-time intelligence sharing and secure connectivity across all
police districts in India.
• It integrates inputs from 28 security organisations, including RAW, Armed Forces,
and State Police.
• The system enhances coordination and preparedness against terrorism and
organized crime.
• The Minister also praised Operation Sindoora and the anti-Naxal operation at KGH
Hills as examples of strong intelligence and political resolve.
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Ques: Which city in Bihar is set to be renamed as 'Gaya Jee' due to its historic and
religious significance?
A. Patna
B. Nalanda
C. Gaya
D. Muzaffarpur
E. Bhagalpur
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Bihar government, during a State Cabinet meeting chaired by CM Nitish Kumar,
approved the proposal to rename Gaya as ‘Gaya Jee’.
• This decision reflects the historic and religious importance of the city, which is a
major spiritual destination for Hindus and Buddhists.
• Alongside, the Cabinet also approved:
– Formation of Bihar State Jeevika Fund Credit Cooperative Society Ltd.
– Establishment of Jeevika Bank to facilitate loans for Jeevika Didis (rural women).
– Creation of a cancer care and research society in the state.
Ques: What is the name of the joint HADR simulation conducted by the Indian Army
and NDRF in Assam to enhance disaster response readiness?
A. Exercise Mitra
B. Exercise Suraksha
C. Exercise Raahat
D. Exercise Shakti
E. Exercise Aastha
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Indian Army and the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) jointly
conducted Exercise Raahat in Assam, focusing on humanitarian assistance and
disaster relief (HADR) operations.
• The goal was to strengthen coordination between civil and military agencies during
natural disasters like floods and earthquakes, particularly in the northeastern region,
which is highly vulnerable.
• The first Exercise Raahat was conducted in Rajasthan in 2016, mainly focusing on
earthquake preparedness.
• The Assam edition aimed to simulate large-scale disaster scenarios, ensuring
readiness of both defense and civilian institutions in joint relief efforts.
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Ques: Which traditional performing art, featuring hair-flipping by women and mock
battle formations by men, was performed to welcome Donald Trump at the UAE's
presidential palace?
A. Dabke
B. Tanoura
C. Al-Ayyala
D. Khaleegi
E. Ardah
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Al-Ayyala is a traditional performing art of the UAE and Oman, recognized by
UNESCO in 2014 as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
• It is performed during weddings, national holidays, and festivals to express unity,
valor, and heritage.
• Men perform the dance in two rows, facing each other, carrying swords or bamboo
sticks, and simulate a battle by moving in rhythm.
• In the UAE, women participate by standing at the front, wearing traditional attire
and flipping their hair side to side to the beat.
• This dance was performed as a gesture of goodwill and cultural respect during
Donald Trump’s visit to the UAE’s presidential palace, Qasr Al Watan, as part of his
Middle East tour that also included Saudi Arabia and Qatar.
Ques: Who received the 58th Jnanpith Award for contributions to Sanskrit
literature?
A. Dr. Satya Vrat Shastri
B. Gulzar
C. Dr. Ramesh Pokhriyal
D. Jagadguru Rambhadracharya
E. Swami Avdheshanand Giri
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The 58th Jnanpith Award, India’s highest literary honour, was conferred on
Jagadguru Rambhadracharya, a renowned Sanskrit scholar, poet, and philosopher.
• The award was presented by President Droupadi Murmu at Vigyan Bhavan, New
Delhi.
• He was honoured for his exceptional contributions to Sanskrit literature, spiritual
teachings, and Indian knowledge systems, despite being visually impaired.
• He has authored over 200 books, contributing significantly to the promotion of
classical Sanskrit and Indian heritage.
• The Jnanpith Award is presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith Trust,
established in 1961.
• Another recipient this year was lyricist and poet Gulzar, who could not attend due
to health issues.
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Ques: What is the theme of World Telecommunication and Information Society Day
2025, celebrated on May 17?
A. Bridging the digital divide
B. Building sustainable digital futures
C. Gender equality in digital transformation
D. Smart connectivity for all
E. Empowering rural innovation
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• World Telecommunication and Information Society Day (WTISD) is celebrated every
year on 17 May.
• It commemorates the founding of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
and the signing of the first International Telegraph Convention in 1865.
• In March 2006, the UN General Assembly declared that World Information Society
Day would also be observed on 17 May each year.
• The theme for 2025 is “Gender equality in digital transformation.”
• The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized UN agency for
information and communication technologies, headquartered in Geneva,
Switzerland.
• India has been an active member of the ITU since 1869 and a Council member since
1952.
• ITU has 194 member countries and over 1,000 institutional members including
companies, universities, and regional organizations.
Ques: On which date does Sikkim celebrate its Statehood Day, marking its
integration as the 22nd state of India in 1975?
A. May 15
B. May 16
C. May 18
D. May 20
E. May 12
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Sikkim celebrates its Statehood Day on May 16, commemorating its integration with
India as the 22nd state in 1975.
• This was made official through the 36th Amendment of the Indian Constitution.
• Historically, Sikkim was a monarchy under the Namgyal dynasty established in the
17th century. The dynasty ruled until 1975.
• In 1950, under the Indo-Sikkimese Treaty, Sikkim became an Indian protectorate,
with India managing its external affairs, defense, and communications.
• Sikkim is located in the eastern Himalayas and is among the smallest states in India.
• The name “Sikkim” comes from the Limbu words “su him”, meaning “new house.”
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JSW One Platforms Limited, the Business-to-Business (B2B) ecommerce arm of JSW
Group, secured approximately USD 40 million (Rs. 340 crore) in a funding round led
by Principal Asset Management, OneUp, and JSW Steel.
Achieving a historic success in the resolve of a 'Naxal-free India,' the security forces
have killed 31 Naxalites in the biggest-ever operation against Naxalism, on the
Karreguttalu Hill (KGH) at the ChhattisgarhTelangana border.
Book “The Tamils: A Portrait of Community” Authored by Nirmala Lakshman.
Reviewed by Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance and Launched
by Aleph Book Company
Northern Region Farm Machinery Training & Testing Institute (NRFMTTI), located in
Hisar, Haryana, has achieved CMVR testing approval for agricultural tractors and also
earned NABL accreditation for CMVR testing of tractors and combine harvesters.
A former Indian Football player, Dost Mohammad Khan Afzal passed away. DMK Afzal
was part of the Gold-medal winning India team at the 1962 Asian Games in Jakarta,
Indonesia.
The first woman from the minority group in Balochistan to be named assistant
commissioner in the unrest-plagued province is 25-year-old Kashish Chaudhary, a
Pakistani Hindu woman.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Which organisation launched a two-week Online Short-Term Internship
Programme (OSTI) to educate students about human rights in India?
A. NITI Aayog
B. National Legal Services Authority
C. National Human Rights Commission
D. Ministry of Education
E. University Grants Commission
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) launched a two-week Online Short-
Term Internship Programme (OSTI) to provide students with an understanding of
human rights.
• A total of 1,795 students registered, and 80 were selected from various universities
across 21 States and Union Territories.
• The programme aims to spread awareness about the significance and protection of
human rights in India.
About NHRC :
• Established : 12 October 1993
• HQ : New Delhi
• Chairman : Justice V. Ramasubramanian
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Ques : What is the name of the AI system used in the world’s first AI medical clinic
launched in Saudi Arabia?
A. AI-Medix
B. MedBotX
C. Dr. Hua
D. SmartClinic AI
E. MedSyn AI
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The world’s first AI-powered medical clinic, launched in Saudi Arabia, uses the
advanced AI system called Dr. Hua, developed by Synyi AI, a Shanghai-based startup
backed by Tencent.
• Dr. Hua autonomously analyzes lab reports, reviews medical history, conducts
physical assessments, and even converses with patients.
• In clinical trials, it successfully diagnosed Asthmatic Bronchitis by identifying
markers like high WBCs, CRP, and eosinophils.
• The goal is to cut waiting times, deliver instant diagnosis, and support human
doctors for more efficient care.
Ques: Which Bengaluru-based institute has developed a new nickel selenide–iron-
based catalyst to enhance clean energy reactions involving oxygen?
A. Indian Institute of Science (IISc)
B. Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS)
C. National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK)
D. Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR)
E. CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Researchers from the Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), an
autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), have
developed a novel catalyst to speed up oxygen-related electrocatalytic reactions.
• These reactions are essential to clean energy technologies like hydrogen fuel
production, clean fuel synthesis, and hydrogen peroxide manufacturing.
• The catalyst is made from nickel selenide and is enhanced with a small amount of
iron (Fe) to make the process faster, cheaper, and more efficient.
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Ques: What is the name of the manned submersible vehicle to be used in India’s first
deep-sea mission ‘Samudrayaan’?
A. Varun
B. Jalyaan
C. Sagarika
D. Matsya
E. Meghna
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• India’s first manned deep-sea mission ‘Samudrayaan’ is set to launch by the end of
2026.
• The mission will carry three Indian scientists to a depth of 6,000 meters
underwater.
• The submersible vehicle to be used is ‘Matsya’, indigenously designed and
developed in India.
• The announcement was made by Balaji Ramakrishnan, Director of National Institute
of Ocean Technology (NIOT).
• The announcement took place during a training session on the Blue Economy at
CMFRI, Kochi.
Ques: Who has been appointed as the South Asia envoy for the 30th Conference of
Parties (COP-30) to be held in Brazil in 2025?
A. Ramesh Chand
B. Arunabha Ghosh
C. Sunita Narain
D. Rajendra Pachauri
E. Ajay Mathur
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Arunabha Ghosh, founder and CEO of the Council of Energy, Environment and
Water (CEEW) based in New Delhi, has been appointed as the South Asia envoy for
COP-30.
• COP-30 will be held in November 2025 in Belém, Brazil.
• He is currently serving as the Vice-Chair of the United Nations Committee for
Development Policy (UNCDP).
• Arunabha Ghosh is one of ten international envoys chosen for this strategic
climate-focused role.
Other 9 international envoys are :
• Jacinda Ardern : Oceania
• Patricia Espinosa Cantellano : Latin America and the Caribbean
• Laurence Tubiana : Europe
• Adnan Amin : Middle East
• Xie Zhenhua : East Asia
• Jonathan Pershing : North America
• Carlos Lopes : Africa
• Denis Minev : Amazonian private sector
• Joaquim Belo : Amazonian civil society
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Ques: Who has been appointed as the Chairperson of the Internet and Mobile
Association of India (IAMAI) for the term 2025–2027?
A. M N Srinivasu
B. Harshil Mathur
C. Harsh Jain
D. Kunal Shah
E. Vijay Shekhar Sharma
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• M N Srinivasu, Co-founder of IndiaIdeas.com Limited (BillDesk), has been appointed
as the Chairperson of the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) for the
2025–2027 term.
• He succeeded Harsh Jain, CEO of Dream Sports Pvt. Ltd.
• Harshil Mathur, Co-founder and CEO of Razorpay, has been appointed as the Vice-
Chairperson of IAMAI.
• IAMAI is a Mumbai-based industry association representing India's digital services
and mobile ecosystem.
About Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) :
• Established : 2004
• Act : Societies Registration Act, 1860
• HQ : Mumbai
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Ques: Where will the first edition of the Khelo India Beach Games (KIBG) be held
from 19th to 25th May 2025?
A. Goa
B. Puducherry
C. Diu
D. Kochi
E. Visakhapatnam
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The first edition of the Khelo India Beach Games (KIBG) will be held in Diu from 19th
to 25th May 2025.
• This event is part of the newly launched Khelo India Annual Calendar, aimed at
fostering a year-round structured sports ecosystem in India.
• The beach games will focus on coastal sports and are aligned with broader goals
such as grassroots talent development, inclusion of tribal and regional communities,
and preparation for Commonwealth 2030 and Olympics 2036.
• Other initiatives under the calendar include School Games, Para Games, Winter
Games, Martial Arts Games, Tribal Games, and more.
Ques : Government of India (GoI) gifted 15 Electric Vehicles (EVs) to which country
to support the logistical arrangements of the inaugural Sagarmatha Sambaad ?
A) Sri Lanka
B) Bangladesh
C) Nepal
D) Bhutan
E) Maldives
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• In order to facilitate the logistical planning of the first Sagarmatha Sambaad, a
global dialogue on climate change, which is set for May 16–18, 2025 in Kathmandu,
Nepal, the Government of India (GoI) donated 15 Electric Vehicles (EVs) to Nepal.
• During a ceremony held at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Kathmandu, Indian
Ambassador to Nepal Naveen Srivastava gave the vehicles to Nepal’s Foreign
Minister Arzu Rana Deuba.
• Sagarmatha Sambaad is a biennial, multi-stakeholder global dialogue that the
Government of Nepal initiated, with the theme "Climate Change, Mountains, and the
Future of Humanity."
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Ques: In which state did Amit Shah inaugurate the new building of Shri K.K. Patel
and Smt. Madhuben K. Patel Nursing College in May 2025?
A. Maharashtra
B. Gujarat
C. Rajasthan
D. Madhya Pradesh
E. Haryana
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated the new building of Shri K.K. Patel and
Smt. Madhuben K. Patel Nursing College located in Mehsana, Gujarat, in May 2025.
• This college has been a significant contributor to nursing education for over 65
years.
• The new campus features modern amenities such as lecture rooms, laboratories, a
library, and offices, enhancing access to affordable and quality medical education in
the region.
• During the event, Amit Shah highlighted major healthcare reforms and schemes
including Ayushman Bharat, Jan Aushadhi Yojana, and a nearly 4x increase in health
budget since 2014.
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Ques: Zee Entertainment recently reverted to which iconic logo as part of its brand
makeover in 2025?
A. Zee Circle
B. Orange Spark
C. Z Logo
D. Infinity Zee
E. Prime Zee
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Zee Entertainment has brought back its iconic ‘Z’ logo after eight years as part of its
rebranding initiative in 2025.
• The ‘Z’ logo was last used until October 2017, when it was replaced by an orange
circle logo on Zee’s 25th anniversary.
• The move symbolizes a return to the brand’s roots while focusing on future
innovation in content and technology.
• Despite a 4% revenue decline, Zee closed FY25 with ₹8,294 crore revenue and ₹680
crore profit, thanks to cost-cutting and workforce rationalization.
• The refreshed logo will be officially adopted on June 8, during the Zee Cine Awards
broadcast.
Ques: Which state topped the medal tally at the 7th Khelo India Youth Games 2025
held in Bihar?
A. Haryana
B. Rajasthan
C. Maharashtra
D. Delhi
E. Karnataka
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The 7th Khelo India Youth Games 2025 were held in Bihar from 4 to 15 May 2025,
featuring over 5,000 young athletes from across India.
• Maharashtra topped the medal tally with 158 medals – 58 gold, 47 silver, and 53
bronze.
• Haryana and Rajasthan secured the second and third positions, respectively.
• Events were hosted across Patna, Rajgir, Begusarai, Gaya, Bhagalpur, and New Delhi
(for gymnastics, shooting, and cycling).
• The mascot for the event was Gajsimha.
• Maharashtra has now topped the medal tally five times: 2019, 2020, 2023, 2024,
and 2025.
• Host Bihar made a notable improvement, securing 15th place with 36 medals,
compared to 24th place in 2024.
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Ques : What is the name of the nationwide cyclothon organised by CBIC to celebrate
8 years of GST under the Fit India Movement?
A. GST Cycle Yatra
B. Pedal for Tax
C. Sundays on Cycle
D. Fit Tax Ride
E. GST Walkathon
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) organised the nationwide
cyclothon ‘Sundays on Cycle’ under the Fit India Movement to commemorate 8 years
of the Goods and Services Tax (GST).
• The main event took place at Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium, New Delhi.
• Over 50,000 cyclists, including citizens and CBIC officials, participated across 100+
CGST commissionerates.
• The event aimed to raise awareness about GST schemes like the Composition
Scheme and QRMP, especially for small taxpayers.
• Celebrities like Sunil Shetty, Milind Soman, and John Abraham participated in
Mumbai and Pune, giving the initiative wider visibility.
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Ques: Which DRDO laboratory has developed an indigenous nanoporous
multilayered polymeric membrane for high-pressure seawater desalination?
A. DRDL, Hyderabad
B. DMSRDE, Kanpur
C. RCI, Hyderabad
D. DEAL, Dehradun
E. VRDE, Ahmednagar
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The Defence Materials Stores and Research & Development Establishment
(DMSRDE), Kanpur, a laboratory under DRDO, has successfully developed a
nanoporous multilayered polymeric membrane designed for high-pressure seawater
desalination.
• This development was carried out to meet the Indian Coast Guard’s operational
requirement for desalination plants aboard their Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs).
• It addresses the key challenge of membrane stability against chloride ions in saline
environments.
• Initial technical trials were successfully conducted in existing ICG desalination
systems.
Ques : ISRO's 101st mission failed due to a malfunction in which stage of the PSLV
rocket?
A. First Stage
B. Second Stage
C. Third Stage
D. Heat Shield
E. Payload Separation
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• During ISRO’s 101st mission, conducted using the reliable Polar Satellite Launch
Vehicle (PSLV), a malfunction occurred in the third stage of the rocket.
• The launch began smoothly at 5:59 AM, but by the 12th minute, an anomaly was
detected.
• ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan confirmed that although the third-stage motor ignited
properly, it failed during operation, preventing successful satellite deployment.
• This mission highlights that even trusted launch vehicles like PSLV can face
technical issues, reinforcing the importance of continued innovation and testing.
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Ques: According to the 2025 Kantar BrandZ report, which four Indian companies
were featured among the world’s top 100 most valuable global brands?
A. Reliance, SBI, Wipro, Paytm
B. Infosys, ICICI Bank, Airtel, Tata Motors
C. TCS, HDFC Bank, Airtel, Infosys
D. TCS, SBI, Reliance, Paytm
E. HCL, Axis Bank, Airtel, Wipro
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• The 2025 edition of the Kantar BrandZ report listed Tata Consultancy Services
(TCS), HDFC Bank, Airtel, and Infosys among the top 100 most valuable global
brands.
• Apple retained its #1 position for the fourth consecutive year with a brand value of
USD 1.3 trillion, followed by Google at USD 944 billion.
• The total brand value of the Global Top 100 reached a record USD 10.7 trillion,
marking a 29% year-on-year increase.
Ranking of Top 5 Most Valuable Global Brands :
1 Apple : 1.3 trillion
2 Google : 944 billion
3 Microsoft : 884 billion
4 Amazon : 866 billion
5 Nvidia : 509 billion
Ranking of Top 4 Most Valuable Indian Brands :
45 TCS : 57 billion
56 HDFC Bank : 44 billion
66 Airtel : 37 billion
73 Infosys : 33 billion
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Ques: What is the name of the indigenous low-cost counter-drone system
successfully tested by India in Odisha’s Gopalpur?
A. Garudastra
B. Trinetra
C. Bhargavastra
D. Agnishakti
E. Shatruvinashak
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Bhargavastra is a low-cost indigenous counter-drone system developed in hard kill
mode, designed to destroy small drones using guided micro-munitions.
• Developed by Solar Defence and Aerospace Ltd (SDAL) and Economic Explosives
Ltd (EEL), it was successfully tested at Seaward Firing Range, Gopalpur, Odisha.
• It has an effective destruction range of up to 2.5 km and radar detection up to 6 km.
• The system demonstrated success in three trials, including a two-rocket salvo, and
is equipped with advanced C4I systems, making it suitable for deployment from
desert plains to mountain regions up to 5,000 meters.
• Bhargavastra can detect and destroy small drones from a distance of up to 2.5 km.
It works in two layers: First layer: Uses unguided micro-rockets to destroy many
drones at once. Each rocket can take out drones in a 20-meter area.
• Second layer: Uses guided micro-missiles for accurate attacks on specific drones.
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Ques: Under which slogan has the Government of India initiated a global diplomatic
outreach involving seven all-party delegations following Operation Sindoor?
A. One Voice, One India
B. Bharat Against Terror
C. One Mission. One Message. One Bharat.
D. United For Peace
E. Vishwa Bharat Abhiyan
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Government of India has launched a global diplomatic mission branded under
the slogan “One Mission. One Message. One Bharat.”
• This initiative involves seven all-party delegations, each led by a Member of
Parliament (MP), to represent India’s unified stance against terrorism, especially
targeting Pakistan's role following Operation Sindoor.
• A total of 59 members, including MPs and diplomats, will engage with key
international partners to convey India's strong and collective resolve.
• Notable MPs leading the delegations include Shashi Tharoor, Ravi Shankar Prasad,
Kanimozhi Karunanidhi, and Supriya Sule, among others.
LQues : What is the name of the mentorship programme launched by IIT Delhi for
high-school girls in STEM education?
A. Udaan
B. Manasvi
C. Shakti
D. STEM Yatra
E. Pragati
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• IIT Delhi launched the ‘Manasvi’ mentorship programme in New Delhi to inspire
high-school girls to pursue careers in STEM fields (Science, Technology, Engineering,
Mathematics).
• The initiative was organized by the Academic Outreach and New Initiatives Office of
IIT Delhi.
• Its aim is to reduce the gender gap in STEM by developing the skills, mindset, and
confidence required for future leadership.
• Manasvi also empowers girls with a platform, voice, and belief system, encouraging
meaningful participation beyond academics.
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Ques: Which sector is the focus of India’s first national Carbon Capture and
Utilisation (CCU) testbed initiative launched by the Department of Science and
Technology?
A. Steel
B. Oil & Gas
C. Power Generation
D. Cement
E. Fertilizers
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The Department of Science and Technology (DST) has launched India’s first national
CCU initiative focused on the cement sector, a hard-to-abate industry.
• Five CCU testbeds have been set up to capture carbon emissions from cement
manufacturing and convert them into valuable products such as synthetic fuels,
chemicals, urea, and more.
• The goal is to reduce carbon footprints and support sustainable industrial growth.
• The five testbeds include collaborations with top institutes and cement companies:
Testbed-1: Ballabhgarh, Haryana + JK Cement Ltd.
Testbed-2: IIT Kanpur + JSW Cement
Testbed-3: IIT Bombay + Dalmia Cement
Testbed-4: CSIR-IIP, IIT Tirupati, IISc + JSW Cement
Testbed-5: IIT Madras & BITS Pilani, Goa + Ultratech Cement
Ques: According to Forbes' 2025 list, which athlete was ranked as the world’s
highest-paid for the third consecutive year?
lA. Lionel Messi
B. LeBron James
C. Cristiano Ronaldo
D. Neymar Jr.
E. Stephen Curry
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Cristiano Ronaldo, the Portuguese soccer star, topped Forbes' 2025 list of the
world’s highest-paid athletes for the third consecutive year and fifth time overall,
with total earnings of USD 275 million between May 2024 and May 2025.
• The combined earnings of the top 50 athletes reached a record USD 4.23 billion, up
from USD 3.88 billion in 2024.
• USA led the list with 29 athletes featured—the highest representation from any
country.
• No Indian athlete made it to the top 50 in 2025.
Ranking of Top 5 Highest-Paid Athletes in 2025 :
1 Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal) : Soccer
2 Stephen Curry (USA) : Basketball
3 Tyson Fury (United Kingdom) : Boxing
4 Dak Prescott (USA) : Football
5 Lionel Messi (Argentina) : Soccer
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Ques: What is the name of the initiative launched by the Indian government on
‘International Day for Women in Maritime’ to empower women in the maritime
sector?
A. Mahila Sagar Yojana
B. Samudra Shakti
C. Maritime Sakhi
D. Ocean Udaan
E. Sagar Mein Samman
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• On May 18, 2025, coinciding with the International Day for Women in Maritime, the
Indian government launched the initiative ‘Sagar Mein Samman’ in Mumbai.
• Unveiled by Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, the scheme aims to boost gender
equality and women's participation in India’s maritime sector.
• It is aligned with the Maritime India Vision 2030, which targets 12% female
participation in technical maritime roles.
• The initiative addresses critical concerns like safety, inclusion, leadership, mental
health, and training.
• India has seen a 649% rise in women seafarers between 2014 and 2024, with 2,989
women receiving financial support for maritime careers.
• Ten outstanding women from the sector, including Sumita Banerji, Bharati
Bhandarkar, and Kalpana Desai, were honored during the event.
Ques: What is the theme of International Museum Day 2025, observed annually on
18 May?
A. Museums and Cultural Transformation
B. Museums for Equality
C. The Future of Museums in Rapidly Changing Communities
D. Museums and Education
E. Museums in the Digital Age
Answer: Option C.
Explanation :
• International Museum Day is observed every year on 18 May, and was officially
established in 1977 by a resolution of the ICOM General Assembly in Moscow.
• The theme for 2025 is “The Future of Museums in Rapidly Changing Communities.”
• ICOM (International Council of Museums) was founded in 1946, and is dedicated to
the promotion and protection of cultural and natural heritage globally.
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In one of India’s largest anti-Naxal operations, 31 Maoists were killed in Operation
Black Forest, conducted in Kurraguttalu Hills on the Chhattisgarh–Telangana border.
Bangladesh all-rounder Mehidy Hasan Miraz and Scotland captain Kathryn Bryce
have been named as the ICC Men’s and Women’s Players of the Month for April 2025.
Bhawna Agarwal Appointed as Senior Vice President (SVP) and Managing Director
(MD) of Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) for its India operations. She Replaced Som
Satsangi
Uttarakhand secures Rs 1910 crore urban development funding from European
Investment Bank (EIB) to enhance urban infrastructure development across four
cities (Pithoragarh, Sitarganj, Rudrapur, and Kashipur) in Uttarakhand.
On May 15, 2025, Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami gave the opening. Keshav
Prayag in Mana village, close to Badrinath Dham, at the meeting point of the
Saraswati and Alaknanda rivers, is the site of the celebration. Pushkar Kumbh is
conducted once every twelve years when the planet Jupiter reaches the Gemini sign.
Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) suspends MoU with Turkey’s Inonu University
over national security considerations
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: What percentage of total MF AUM is held by individual investors as of March
2025?
A. 52.52%
B. 27%
C. 63.4%
D. 48.22%
E. 36.6%
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• According to AMFI data, individual investors held 63.4% of total mutual fund assets
under management (AUM) as of March 2025.
• The top five cities — Mumbai, New Delhi, Bengaluru, Pune, and Kolkata — account
for over 52% of total MF AUM.
• Total AUM was Rs.65.74 lakh crore with 5.34 crore unique investors, including
25.91% women investors.
• Individual investors prefer equity (65%), hybrid (18%), and debt (9%) funds.
• There is a rising trend of women participation and young investors prefer equity
while older ones prefer debt funds.
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Ques: Under the new TN govt pact, what is the accidental death insurance cover
provided to employees?
A. Rs.50 lakh
B. Rs.1 crore
C. Rs.10 lakh
D. Rs.5 lakh
E. Rs.25 lakh
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The Tamil Nadu government signed agreements with 7 banks including Indian Bank,
SBI, Axis Bank, and others to provide insurance and loan benefits to government
employees.
• The key insurance provision includes Rs.1 crore cover for accidental death or
permanent disability.
• Additionally, there is Rs.5 lakh marriage assistance for daughters of deceased
employees and Rs.10 lakh higher education assistance for up to two daughters.
• Concessional personal, housing, and education loans are also part of the benefits
under this pact.
Ques: According to RBI’s new draft norms, what is the maximum collective
investment allowed by all lenders in a single AIF scheme?
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 12%
D. 15%
E. 25%
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• RBI’s draft circular proposes that all lenders together can invest up to 15% in a
single AIF scheme.
• A single lender’s investment cap is 10% of the AIF corpus.
• Registered Entities (RE) can invest up to 5% without restrictions.
• 100% provisioning is required if downstream debt is made to the RE’s borrower
(excluding equity shares).
• Some AIFs may get strategic exemptions in consultation with the government.
• These proposed norms aim to boost capital inflow from RBI-regulated lenders while
aligning with SEBI rules and preventing misuse.
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Ques: Which foreign bank has recently received in-principle approval from RBI to
set up a wholly owned subsidiary in India?
A. DBS Bank
B. HSBC Bank
C. Emirates NBD Bank PJSC
D. SBM Bank
E. Barclays Bank
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has granted in-principle approval to Emirates NBD
Bank PJSC to establish a wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) in India.
• Emirates NBD will be the third foreign bank to enter India via the WOS route after
DBS Bank and SBM Bank.
• Currently, Emirates NBD operates in India through branches in Chennai, Gurugram,
and Mumbai.
• The minimum startup capital requirement for the WOS is Rs.300 crore with a
minimum capital adequacy ratio of 10%.
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Ques: As per SEBI’s new norms, who is barred from being part of the audit
committee of MIIs?
A. Key Managerial Personnel
B. Compliance Officers
C. Managing Directors
D. Independent Directors
E. Chief Financial Officers
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• SEBI has barred the Managing Directors (MDs) of Market Infrastructure Institutions
(MIIs) from being members of their audit committees to ensure independence and
transparency in audits.
• Key Managerial Personnel (KMPs) may attend audit committee meetings only with
the chairperson’s approval but do not have voting rights.
• The new internal audit norms for MIIs aim to strengthen governance and audit
mechanisms, covering functions like operations, regulatory compliance, risk
management, investor grievances, and business development.
• Internal auditors must report only to the audit committee, and institutions may
consult the Industry Standards Forum to define the audit scope.
• These norms will become effective after three months from their notification,
following findings of gaps in audit practices during inspections.
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Ques: With whom has Uber partnered to launch B2B logistics services in India?
A. NPCI
B. TRAI
C. ONDC
D. SIDBI
E. FICCI
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Uber is entering the B2B logistics market in India by partnering with ONDC (Open
Network for Digital Commerce).
• It aims to utilize its 1.4 million driver network to expand logistics services beyond
courier deliveries.
• The service will initially focus on food delivery and later expand to e-commerce,
grocery, pharmacy, and heavy logistics segments.
• Competitors in this space include Shiprocket, Shadowfax, Porter, and Loadshare.
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Ques: Which Indian ministry recently dedicated the country’s first public-funded
DST-ICGEB ‘Bio-foundry’?
A. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
B. Ministry of Biotechnology
C. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
D. Ministry of Science & Technology
E. Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Dr. Jitendra Singh, from the Ministry
of Science & Technology, dedicated India’s first public-funded DST-ICGEB ‘Bio-
foundry’ in New Delhi during the 31st Board Meeting of Governors of the
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB).
• The Bio-foundry is a cutting-edge facility supporting biotechnology innovation,
synthetic biology, and research.
• India’s bio-economy grew from USD 10 billion in 2014 to USD 165.7 billion in 2024,
with a goal of USD 300 billion by 2030.
• This milestone reflects India’s growing emphasis on public-private partnerships,
research infrastructure, and global collaboration in biotechnology.
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Ques: What is the main objective of the 'Indira Saura Giri Jala Vikasam' scheme
launched in Telangana?
A. Provide free electricity to all urban household
B. Promote solar rooftop panels in cities
C. Provide solar-powered irrigation to tribal farmers
D. Distribute solar cookers to rural women
E. Create solar parks for industries
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The 'Indira Saura Giri Jala Vikasam' scheme launched by Telangana CM A. Revanth
Reddy aims to provide solar-powered borewell irrigation facilities to tribal farmers.
• It covers about 6 lakh acres of tribal land without electricity connection, enabling
irrigation through solar energy.
• The scheme supports empowerment of Scheduled Tribes farmers under the Forest
Rights Act, benefiting 2.3 lakh farmers with land rights over 6.69 lakh acres.
• Additional initiatives include solar projects and bus ownership for women Self Help
Groups (SHGs).
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Ques: Which country recently saw an outbreak of wild polio virus declared by WHO?
A. India
B. Papua New Guinea
C. Nigeria
D. Afghanistan
E. Pakistan
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The WHO declared an outbreak of wild polio virus in Papua New Guinea after two
children were found infected.
• Papua New Guinea was declared polio-free in 2000, but low immunisation rates and
a brief outbreak in 2018 posed challenges.
• Polio mainly affects children below 5 years and causes paralysis by attacking the
nervous system.
• The disease spreads primarily via the faecal-oral route, including through
contaminated food and water.
• The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), launched in 1988, has helped reduce
wild poliovirus cases globally by 99%.
• The first polio vaccine was invented by Jonas Salk in 1952, followed by the oral
polio vaccine by Albert Sabin, which uses a weakened live virus.
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Ques: Which country did Myntra recently launch its international operations in?
A. UAE
B. Australia
C. Canada
D. Singapore
E. UK /
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Myntra has launched its international operations in Singapore, targeting the Indian
diaspora of approximately 6.5 lakh people residing there.
• The platform offers over 35,000 styles from 100+ Indian brands, focusing on Indian
ethnic wear, home décor, and fashion categories.
• Major brands available include Aurelia, Global Desi, Libas, FabIndia, and House of
Pataudi.
• Delivery time in Singapore ranges from 4 to 7 days, with an average order value
(AOV) between Rs.2,000 and Rs.3,000.
Ques: Who among the following served as the sixth President of India from 1977 to
1982?
A. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
B. Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma
C. R. Venkataraman
D. Giani Zail Singh
E. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was the sixth President of India, serving from July 25, 1977 to
July 25, 1982.
• He was born on May 19, 1913, in Illur, located in present-day Andhra Pradesh.
• He also holds the distinction of being the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh in
1956, following the States Reorganisation Act.
• Reddy passed away on June 1, 1996.
• On his birth anniversary, President Droupadi Murmu paid him floral tributes,
honoring his contributions to the nation.
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Ques: Which Indian-origin agricultural scientist was selected for the 2024 Crawford
Fund Medal Award?
A. M.S. Swaminathan
B. Ramesh Chand
C. Kadambot Siddique
D. Trilochan Mohapatra
E. G.V. Ramanjaneyulu
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The 2024 Crawford Fund Medal was awarded to Kadambot Siddique, an agricultural
scientist originally from Kodungalloor, Thrissur.
• He is currently serving as Hackett Professor and Director of Agriculture at the UWA
Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia.
• Prof. Siddique was recognized for his significant and sustained contributions to
international agricultural research through Crawford Fund’s programmes and related
initiatives.
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Ques: Which state had the highest number of MPs among the recipients of the
Sansad Ratna Awards 2025?
A. Uttar Pradesh
B. Rajasthan
C. Tamil Nadu
D. Jharkhand
E. Maharashtra
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• Maharashtra led the Sansad Ratna Awards 2025 with 7 MPs out of the 17 awardees
from Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
• The awards will be presented in New Delhi during the 15th edition of the Sansad
Ratna Awards in July 2025.
• The Jury Committee for nominations was chaired by Hansraj Gangaram Ahir, who is
also the first recipient of the award.
• Instituted in 2010 by Prime Point Foundation and eMagazine PreSense, the awards
were inspired by a suggestion from Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, who also inaugurated the
first ceremony in Chennai.
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Ques: Which countries are participating in the Golden Dragon Military Exercise
2025?
A. China and Vietnam
B. China and Cambodia
C. China and Thailand
D. Cambodia and Philippines
E. China and Sri Lanka
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Golden Dragon 2025 is a joint military exercise between China and Cambodia.
• It runs from May 14 to May 28, 2025, covering land, sea, and air operations.
• The exercise is held at the Ream Naval Base in Sihanoukville, Cambodia’s southern
coast.
• More than 900 Chinese soldiers and over 1,300 Cambodian troops participate.
• The theme focuses on joint counterterrorism and humanitarian relief operations.
• The Ream Naval Base was officially inaugurated in April 2025 with Chinese warships
docking, reflecting China’s growing naval presence in the Gulf of Thailand.
• The drills coincide with the U.S.-Philippines-led ‘Balikatan’ exercise involving U.S.,
Philippines, Australia, and Japan.
• China’s access to dual-use ports in countries like Cambodia mirrors its presence in
other strategic locations such as Sri Lanka (Hambantota) and Pakistan (Gwadar).
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Ques: Which new portal has been launched by Union Home Minister Amit Shah to
simplify the registration process for Indian-origin citizens abroad?
A. Bharat Connect Portal
B. PIO Registration Portal
C. OCI Portal
D. Pravasi Mitra Portal
E. NRI India Link
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Union Home Minister Amit Shah launched a revamped OCI (Overseas Citizen of
India) Portal with an updated user interface.
• The new portal aims to simplify the registration process for Overseas Citizens of
India, offering enhanced functionality, advanced security, and a user-friendly
experience.
• Over 5 million existing OCI cardholders along with new users will benefit from this
upgraded portal.
• The OCI scheme, introduced in 2005 through an amendment to the Citizenship Act,
1955, allows Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) to register as Overseas Citizens of India.
• Eligibility includes those who were Indian citizens on or after January 26, 1950,
excluding those connected to Pakistan or Bangladesh citizenship.
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Ques: What is the frequency range proposed to be delicensed for unlicensed indoor
use as per the draft rules?
A. 4825-5000 MHz
B. 5925-6425 MHz
C. 6425-7125 MHz
D. 5000-5825 MHz
E. 5800-6000 MHz
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The Government of India has proposed to delicence the 5925-6425 MHz frequency
band for unlicensed indoor use of low and very low power wireless systems.
• This means no authorization or frequency assignment will be needed to operate
devices in this band indoors, with power capped at 30 dBm.
• Usage is restricted and prohibited in land vehicles, boats, aircraft flying above
10,000 feet, and drones.
• The move aims to promote deployment of advanced Wi-Fi technologies like Wi-Fi 6E
and Wi-Fi 7, enabling better data-intensive applications indoors.
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Ques: Which Indian shooters won the bronze medal in the Trap Mixed Team event at
the ISSF Shotgun World Cup 2025 in Cyprus?
A. Ankur Mittal and Manisha Keer
B. Kynan Chenai and Sabeera Haris
C. Mairaj Ahmad Khan and Ganemat Sekhon
D. Prithviraj Tondaiman and Shreyasi Singh
E. Lakshay Sheoran and Maheshwari Chauhan
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Indian shooters Kynan Chenai and Sabeera Haris won a bronze medal in the Trap
Mixed Team event at the ISSF Shotgun World Cup 2025, held in Nicosia, Cyprus.
• This tournament was the third World Cup of the 2025 season in the shotgun
shooting category.
• The next ISSF World Cup for shotgun events is scheduled from July 4 to 14, 2025, at
the Trap Concaverde range, Lonato del Garda, Italy.
• Their win adds to India’s strong performance in global shooting events and
enhances Olympic preparation.
Ques: What is the name of the operation launched by the Indian Coast Guard to
protect Olive Ridley turtles during their nesting season?
A. Operation Turtle Watch
B. Operation Ridley Safe
C. Operation Coast Nest
D. Operation Gahirmatha
E. Operation Olivia
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• Operation Olivia is an annual conservation initiative by the Indian Coast Guard in
collaboration with the Odisha Forest Department to protect the Olive Ridley turtles
during their nesting period from December to May.
• The operation began in December 2020 and focuses on key nesting beaches like
Gahirmatha, Rushikulya, and Devi along the Odisha coast.
• The Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary is recognized as the world’s largest rookery for
these turtles.
• Olive Ridley turtles are known for mass nesting (arribada), traveling thousands of
kilometers to lay eggs in Odisha.
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Ques: Recently, which Article of the Constitution did President Droupadi Murmu
invoke to seek advice from the Supreme Court regarding the timeline for assent to
bills passed by State Legislatures?
A. Article 142
B. Article 143
C. Article 200
D. Article 201
E. Article 32
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• President Droupadi Murmu invoked Article 143 of the Constitution, which allows
the President to seek the Supreme Court’s opinion on important legal or
constitutional matters.
• The President sought clarification on the Supreme Court’s earlier judgment that
seemed to impose a timeline on Governors and the President to give assent to bills
passed by State Legislatures.
• Articles 200 and 201 describe the roles of the Governor and President in giving
assent to bills but do not specify any time limits.
• The President questioned whether the Judiciary can impose timelines when the
Constitution is silent, and whether Article 142’s “complete justice” power can
override Articles 200 & 201.
• The President also raised concerns on the appropriateness of States approaching
the Supreme Court under Article 32 for such federal disputes, suggesting Article 131
might be more suitable.
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Ques: Which veteran photojournalist and former Senior Special News Photographer
of The Hindu passed away at the age of 66?
A. S. Paul
B. P. V. Sivakumar
C. Raghunath Rai
D. Arko Datta
E. Sudharak Olwe
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• P. V. Sivakumar, a veteran photojournalist and former Senior Special News
Photographer for The Hindu and Businessline, passed away at the age of 66.
• He was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award by the united Andhra
Pradesh government, among several other accolades from photographers'
associations.
• Sivakumar was widely respected in the Indian journalism community for his
decades-long contribution to visual storytelling.
Ques: Under the CEPA agreement, how much gold can India import annually from
the UAE at a concessional 1% tariff?
A. 100 tonnes
B. 150 tonnes
C. 180 tonnes
D. 200 tonnes
E. 250 tonnes
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Under the UAE-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA),
effective from May 1, 2022, India is allowed to import up to 200 tonnes of gold
annually from the UAE at a concessional 1% tariff.
• The Indian government allotted a quota of 180 tonnes of gold import from the UAE
for 2025-26 under this agreement.
• Earlier, gold imports from UAE were taxed at 5%, but CEPA reduced this to 1%.
• The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) received 2,960 applications for the
180-tonne quota, but only limited quota and strict eligibility led to many rejections.
• Priority was given to applicants who used 80% of their quota the previous year,
while scheduled commercial banks were excluded as they import directly.
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Ques: Which glacier in Nepal was recently declared ‘dead’, marking one of the first
such cases in the country?
A. Sarenne Glacier
B. Okjokull Glacier
C. Pico Humboldt Glacier
D. Yala Glacier /
E. Gangotri Glacier
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Yala Glacier in Nepal’s Langtang Valley has shrunk by 66% since the 1970s and
is now declared ‘dead’.
• It is the only glacier from the entire Himalaya listed in the Global Glacier Casualty
List (GGCL).
• The GGCL project was launched in 2024 by Rice University, University of Iceland,
Iceland Glaciological Society, World Glacier Monitoring Service, and UNESCO.
• Glacial loss accelerates global warming due to less albedo effect, contributes to
sea-level rise, disrupts freshwater supply, and increases natural disaster risks like
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and avalanches.
• Other recently declared dead glaciers include Sarenne Glacier (France, 2023) and
Pico Humboldt Glacier (Venezuela, 2024).
• The first glacier funeral was held for Okjokull Glacier in Iceland in 2019 (officially
declared dead in 2014).
Anurag Bhushan Appointed as Ambassador of India to the Kingdom of Sweden. He
Replaced Tanmaya Lal.
Former Chief Justice of India Dr. DY Chandrachud has joined National Law
University, Delhi, as a Distinguished Professor. DY Chandrachud served as CJI from
November 2022 to November 2024
The Ministry of Culture launched the ‘Ek Desh Ek Dhadkan’ campaign, which
translates to “One Nation, One Heartbeat.” The illumination activities were carried
out under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
The Assam Cabinet, led by Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma, has approved
renaming Dibrugarh Airport after Bhupen Hazarika, a great singer and cultural figure,
to commemorate his 100th birth anniversary.
Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood, the Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India,
launched the report on India’s Priority Corridors for Zero Emission Trucking. The
report identifies 10 critical highway corridors in India that are ideal for Zero-Emission
Truck (ZET) deployment.
The Uttar Pradesh government has introduced a first-of-its-kind Vistadome coach
service connecting the Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary to the DudhwaTiger Reserve
in Pilibhit.
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Who is the newly appointed RBI Governor whose signature will appear on the
new Rs.20 banknotes?
A. Shaktikanta Das
B. Urjit Patel
C. Sanjay Malhotra
D. Raghuram Rajan
E. N.S. Vishwanathan
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Sanjay Malhotra has been appointed as the new Governor of the Reserve Bank of
India, effective from December 11, 2024, for a tenure of three years.
• The Reserve Bank of India will soon issue Rs.20 denomination banknotes in the
Mahatma Gandhi (New) Series bearing his signature.
• RBI also clarified that all existing Rs.20 banknotes will remain legal tender.
• Four currency presses are used to print bank notes: two are owned by the
Government of India through Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Ltd
(SPMCIL), a corporation, and two are owned by the Reserve Bank through Bharatiya
Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Ltd. (BRBNMPL), a wholly owned subsidiary.
• The SPMCIL currency presses are located in Dewas, Central India, and Nasik,
Western India. The two BRBNMPL presses are located in Salboni, Eastern India, and
Mysore, Southern India.
• Coins are produced at four SPMCIL-owned mints. The mints may be found in
NOIDA, Hyderabad, Kolkata, and Mumbai.
• According to Section 38 of the RBI Act, the coins can only be circulated by the
Reserve Bank.
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Ques: Which Indian company recently secured the largest offshore dual-currency
loan worth $2.9 billion?
A. Tata Steel
B. Reliance Industries
C. Adani Group
D. Infosys
E. Larsen & Toubro
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Sources claim that Reliance Industries (RIL) has obtained a $2.9 billion dual-
currency loan. In more than a year, this is the biggest offshore loan that an Indian
company has raised.
• With 55 banks expected to participate in the loan arrangement, which was signed
last week, it will be the largest bank group in Asia to execute a syndicated loan this
year.
• The loan is divided into two installments: a $2.4 billion US dollar tranche and a 67.7
billion Japanese yen ($462 million) Japanese yen tranche.
• Due to this transaction, Indian companies have raised foreign currency loan
volumes to approximately $10.4 billion so far in 2025, which is the fastest pace in at
least ten years.
Ques: How much FCI rice has been approved in total for ethanol production under
the Ethanol Blended Petrol Programme for the Ethanol Supply Year 2024–25?
A. 2.4 million tonnes
B. 2.8 million tonnes
C. 3.6 million tonnes
D. 5.2 million tonnes
E. 4.5 million tonnes
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Consumer Affairs approved an additional 2.8 million tonnes of rice
from FCI for ethanol production.
• This raises the total allocation for Ethanol Supply Year (ESY) 2024–25 to 5.2 million
tonnes, up from the earlier approved 2.4 million tonnes.
• The rice is allocated under the Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme, which
aims for 30% ethanol blending by 2030, having already achieved 20% (E20) blending
ahead of the 2025 deadline.
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Ques: TCS has partnered with which Mongolian bank to modernise its core digital
banking platform using the TCS BaNCS solution?
A. Trade and Development Bank
B. Khan Bank
C. Golomt Bank
D. State Bank of Mongolia
E. Ulaanbaatar Bank
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) announced a strategic partnership with Khan Bank,
a leading commercial bank in Mongolia, to modernise its digital banking platform.
• The transformation will be powered by TCS BaNCS, a Global Banking Platform that
supports ISO 20022, SWIFT GPI, and SWIFT Go for international payments.
• This marks a significant step in their 25-year relationship, which began in 2001,
enhancing both high and low-value international payment capabilities.
About Khan Bank :
• Established : 1991
• HQ : Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
• CEO : Munkhtuya Rentsenbat
Ques: At the 78th World Health Assembly, which disease was India officially
certified to have eliminated as a public health problem by the WHO?
A. Polio
B. Tuberculosis
C. Trachoma
D. Kala-azar
E. Measles
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• At the 78th World Health Assembly in Geneva, the World Health Organisation (WHO)
awarded India the Certificate of Elimination of Trachoma as a public health problem.
• Trachoma is a contagious bacterial eye infection that can lead to blindness if
untreated.
• India became the third country in the WHO South-East Asia Region after Sri Lanka
and Myanmar to achieve this milestone.
• Globally, 19 countries have successfully eliminated trachoma as a public health
issue.
About World Health Assembly 2025 :
• Edition : 78th
• Held at : Geneva, Switzerland
• Theme : One World for Health
• India led by : Punya Salila Srivastava, Secretary, MoHFW
• WHO Director-General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus presented the certificate
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Ques: In the new pilot project launched in Delhi, what is the financial threshold
above which cybercrime complaints filed at NCRP or 1930 will be automatically
converted into FIRs?
A. Rs.1 lakh
B. Rs.5 lakh
C. Rs.10 lakh
D. Rs.15 lakh
E. Rs.20 lakh
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Under the new pilot project in Delhi, complaints related to cyber financial crimes
with a loss above Rs.10 lakh made through the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal
(NCRP) or Helpline 1930 will now automatically result in a Zero FIR.
• This FIR will be registered with the e-Crime Police Station of Delhi and later routed
to the concerned territorial Cybercrime Police Station.
• The move is part of the integration of I4C, Delhi Police’s e-FIR system, and NCRB’s
CCTNS, in line with provisions under Section 173 (1) and 1(ii) of the Bhartiya Nagrik
Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
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Ques: What is the name of the programme launched by the National Commission for
Women (NCW) in collaboration with ‘Yuvamanthan’ to combat gender-based issues
in educational institutions?
A. Gender Guard
B. Campus Calling
C. Youth Equality Drive
D. Safe Campus Mission
E. Women First Campus
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The National Commission for Women (NCW), in collaboration with Yuvamanthan,
launched the ‘Campus Calling’ programme.
• It aims to reach over 1,000 universities and colleges across India.
• The initiative seeks to educate and empower students to combat gender-based
discrimination, harassment, and cybercrimes.
• Each participating institution will nominate two male and two female campus
ambassadors to lead awareness and outreach efforts.
Ques: Which two organizations signed an MoU to promote ethical Artificial
Intelligence (AI) governance and empower public services?
A. United Nations (UN) and World Economic Forum (WEF)
B. UNESCO and Group of Twenty (G20)
C. WHO and IMF
D. UNICEF and BRICS
E. World Bank and WTO
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and
the Group of Twenty (G20) signed an MoU to promote ethical AI governance.
• The objective is to empower public services with both technical capabilities and
ethical awareness.
• This initiative followed a global workshop held on April 11, 2025, in Gqebera, South
Africa.
• It is part of a broader campaign to build human rights-based digital governance.
About UNESCO :
• Established : 16 November 1945
• HQ : Paris, France
• Director-General : Audrey Azoulay
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Ques: What is the key provision of the bill “The One Big Beautiful Bill” recently
introduced in the US Congress that impacts immigrants?
A. Ban on work permits for non-citizens
B. 10% tax on foreign investments
C. Mandatory visa interviews every year
D. 5% excise tax on international remittances by non-citizens
E. Limit on number of family-based visas
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The proposed “One Big Beautiful Bill” includes Section 112105, which recommends
a 5% excise tax on international remittances sent by non-US citizens.
• This would apply to individuals on H1B, F-1, and other visa categories.
• Since Indians remitted over $23 billion from the US to India in 2023, this could cost
the Indian diaspora about $1.6 billion annually if implemented.
• The bill has raised serious concerns among immigrant communities. No minimum
limit has been set, which means even small transactions will be taxed
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Ques: What is the name of the lunar navigation system recently launched by
Spanish company GMV?
A. LUNARIS
B. LUPIN
C. NAVMOON
D. ASTRO-GUIDE
E. SELENE
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Spanish tech company Grupo Mecanica del Vuelo (GMV) has launched a moon
navigation system named LUPIN, which stands for "Enabling High Performance PNT
in the Lunar Environment."
• It was developed under the European Space Agency (ESA) programme.
• Field testing for LUPIN took place between April 27 to May 08, 2025, in La Oliva,
Fuerteventura in the Canary Islands, chosen for its terrain that closely resembles the
lunar surface.
Ques: Which scheme was launched by the Government of Uttar Pradesh to combat
child malnutrition in 8 aspirational districts?
A. Mukhyamantri Suposhan Abhiyan
B. Bal Swasthya Abhiyan
C. Mukhyamantri Poshan Yojana
D. Poshan Suraksha Mission
E. Shishu Aahar Yojana
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• The Government of Uttar Pradesh launched the Mukhyamantri Suposhan Abhiyan
across 8 aspirational districts to combat child malnutrition among children aged 3 to
6 years.
• A pilot project was successfully implemented in Varanasi.
• The scheme has a budget allocation of Rs 254.83 crore, which equals Rs 44 per child
per day.
• It aims to benefit 11,13,783 children by providing a nutritious morning snack
delivering 400 calories and 15–20 grams of protein daily, including items like
flavored milk, seasonal fruits, and millet-chikki nutribar.
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Ques: Which 16th-century stepwell in Mehrauli has recently been restored and
opened to the public?
A. Agrasen Ki Baoli
B. Gandhak Ki Baoli
C. Rajon Ki Baoli /
D. Ugrasen Ki Baoli
E. Adham Khan Ki Baoli
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Rajon Ki Baoli, a 16th-century stepwell from the Lodi era, located in the Mehrauli
archaeological site, has been restored and opened to the public.
• The conservation work was part of a Rs.125 crore restoration project, supported by
the World Monuments Fund India (WMFI) and the TCS Foundation.
• The stepwell spans 1,610 square metres and has a depth of 13.4 metres, with the
main tank measuring 23x10 metres at its base.
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Ques: How many individuals from India were featured in the 10th edition of Forbes
30 Under 30 Asia List 2025?
A. 300
B. 94
C. 30
D. 26
E. 20
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• In the 10th edition of the Forbes 30 Under 30 Asia 2025 list, India leads with 94
honourees, the highest number from any country in the Asia-Pacific region.
• The list includes notable young Indians such as Chess Grandmaster Gukesh
Dommaraju (18), Actress Ananya Pandey (26), and Actor Ishaan Khatter (29).
• The list features 300 individuals under the age of 30 across 10 categories from 20
countries.
Indian Entries on the 2025 list :
• Sheetal Devi (Paralympian) : Entertainment & Sports
• Gukesh Dommaraju (Chess Grandmaster) : Entertainment & Sports
• Anuv Jain (Singer-Songwriter) : Entertainment & Sports
• Ishaan Khatter (Actor) : Entertainment & Sports
• Ananya Pandey (Actress and Chanel Brand Ambassador) : Entertainment & Sports
• Anshita Mehrotra (Founder, Fix My Curls) : Retail & Commerce
• Jinali Mody (Co-founder, Banofi Leather) : Industry, Manufacturing & Energy
• Mukul Chhabra (Founder, ScrapUncle) : Consumer & Enterprise Technology
• Krishna Gupta (Cofounder, AaamDhanE) : Consumer & Enterprise Technology
• Vaibhav Kaushik (Cofounder, Nawgati Tech) : Consumer & Enterprise Technology
• Manu J Nair & Prashant Sharma (Cofounders, Ethereal Exploration Guild) :
Industry, Manufacturing & Energy
• Manu Chopra (Cofounder, Karya) : Social Impact
Ques: Marang Buru, recently in news due to a meat and alcohol ban, is also known
by what other name and is located in which Indian state?
A. Shatrunjaya Hill, Gujarat
B. Parasnath Hill, Jharkhand
C. Girnar Hill, Rajasthan
D. Udayagiri Hill, Odisha
E. Annamalai Hill, Tamil Nadu
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Marang Buru, also known as Parasnath Hill, is located in Jharkhand and holds
religious significance for both the Santal Adivasi and Jain communities.
• It is sacred to Jains as the site where 20 out of 24 Tirthankaras attained nirvana,
with over 40 Jain temples present.
• For the Santals, it is associated with Marang Buru, a deity central to their cultural
traditions, especially celebrated during the Luguburu Festival.
• Recently, the Jharkhand High Court imposed a ban on the sale and consumption of
meat and alcohol on the hill to address long-standing religious tensions.
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Ques: What is the key innovation in the new sodium-ion battery developed by
JNCASR that enables 80% charging in just six minutes?
A. Use of lithium-based cathode material
B. Inclusion of gold nanoparticles
C. NASICON-type materials with nanoscale engineering
D. Triple-layer graphene anode
E. Organic electrolyte modification
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• A research team at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
(JNCASR) developed a super-fast charging sodium-ion battery using NASICON-type
cathode and anode materials.
• The anode material Na₁.₀V₀.₂₅Al₀.₂₅Nb₁.₅(PO₄)₃ was enhanced through Particle size
reduction to nanoscale, Carbon coating and Aluminium doping
• These optimizations allowed for faster ion mobility and improved durability,
resulting in 80% charge in 6 minutes and over 3000 charge cycles.
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Ques: Where was India’s longest rail flyover girder recently launched by DFCCIL?
A. Vadodara, Gujarat
B. Kalamboli, Maharashtra
C. Rewari, Haryana
D. Kharagpur, West Bengal
E. Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) launched
India’s longest rail flyover girder at Kalamboli, Maharashtra, on the JNPT-Nilje
section of the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor.
• The open web steel girder installed is 110.5 metres long and weighs around 1,500
tonnes, marking a significant engineering achievement in Indian rail infrastructure
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Ques: Which institution developed the three new crop varieties released by the
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare for the benefit of farmers in Uttar
Pradesh?
A. ICAR
B. Punjab Agricultural University
C. Banaras Hindu University
D. IARI Delhi
E. National Seed Corporation
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare released three new crop varieties
developed by Banaras Hindu University (BHU).
These include:
• Malaviya Manila Sinchit Dhan-1 (Rice): High-yielding, short-duration variety
developed in collaboration with IRRI Philippines.
• Malviya Dhan 105 Sub-1 (Rice): Improved flood-tolerant rice variety.
• Malviya Nidhi (Mustard): High-yielding mustard variety.
Ques : India’s Reliance Power Partner with which country to Develop 500 MW Solar
Project ?
(a) Singapore
(b) Switzerland
(c) Bhutan
(d) El Salvador
(e) Japan
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Reliance Power Limited and Bhutan’s Green Digital Private Limited (a subsidiary of
DHI) have formed a 50:50 joint venture to develop Bhutan’s largest solar power
project with a capacity of 500 MW.
• The project involves a capital outlay of Rs.2,000 crores and will be developed
under the Build-Own-Operate (BOO) model.
• It represents the largest private sector Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Bhutan’s
solar energy sector and aims for completion by May 2027.
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Ques: Which two countries recently conducted the "Aras-2025" joint special forces
exercise to boost border security?
A. India and Iran
B. Iran and Armenia
C. Azerbaijan and Turkey
D. Iran and Azerbaijan
E. Russia and Iran
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Iran and Azerbaijan launched the "Aras-2025" joint special forces military exercise.
• It was conducted from May 18 to 21, 2025, involving Iran's Islamic Revolutionary
Guard Corps and Azerbaijani troops.
• The exercise was held in Karabakh, a region that had been previously disputed with
Armenia before Azerbaijan regained full control in September 2023.
• The goal was to strengthen border security and address potential threats in the
region.
Ques: Which team did India defeat to win the SAFF U-19 Championship 2025 title?
A. Nepal
B. Sri Lanka
C. Pakistan
D. Bangladesh
E. Bhutan
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Indian U-19 men’s football team, also known as the ‘Blue Colts’, defeated
Bangladesh in the final of the SAFF U-19 Championship 2025.
• The final was held at Golden Jubilee Stadium, Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh.
• After a 1–1 draw in regular time, India triumphed 4–3 in the penalty shootout to
clinch their 4th SAFF U-19 title.
SAFF U-19 Championship 2025 Awards and Honors :
• Top Scorer : Danny Meitei Laishram (India) – 5 goals
• Best Goalkeeper : Suraj Singh Aheibam (India)
• Most Valuable Player : Mohammed Arbash (India)
• Fair Play Award : India
About SAFF U-19 Championship :
• Started : 2015
• Number of teams : 6 (from 1 sub-confederation)
• Most successful team : India (4 titles)
• 2024 winner : Bangladesh
• 2025 Edition : 7th, Hosted by India
• 2025 winner : India 2025
• runner up : Bangladesh
• Total teams : 6 (India , Bangladesh , Nepal , Bhutan , Maldives , Sri Lanka)
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Ques: On the occasion of its 8th anniversary, what major AI-powered feature did
Government e-Marketplace (GeM) launch?
A. GeM Smart Audit Tool
B. GeM Tracker AI
C. GeMAI Chatbot
D. GeM Voice Commerce
E. GeM Language Suite
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• On 19 May 2025, Government e-Marketplace (GeM) celebrated its 8th anniversary
and launched GeMAI, India’s first AI-powered chatbot in the public sector.
• GeMAI supports voice and text interactions in 10 Indian languages, enhancing
accessibility and support for GeM users.
• GeM has over 1.64 lakh primary buyers, 4.2 lakh active sellers, and over 10,000
product categories, with adoption across all 36 States and UTs.
• Eight states—including Maharashtra, Manipur, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Assam,
Uttarakhand, and Chhattisgarh—have mandated GeM usage.
• Independent reports like those from the World Bank highlight 10% cost savings in
public procurement via GeM.
About Government e Marketplace (GeM) :
• Established : 2016
• HQ : New Delhi
• CEO : Ajay Bhadoo
Ques : Which ministry launched Depot Darpan Portal, and digital platforms Anna
Mitra, and Anna Sahayata ?
(a) Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
(b) Union Ministry of Education
(c) Union Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
(d) Union Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
(e) Union Ministry of Jal Shakti
Answer : Option D
Explanation :
• Depot Darpan Portal, and digital platforms Anna Mitra, and Anna Sahayata
Launched by Union Minister for Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
Pralhad Joshi
• The Depot Darpan mobile app will help supervisory officials track warehouse
performance anytime. The app is integrated with smart warehousing technologies,
CCTV Surveillance, and IoT sensors.
• With the help of the Anna Sahayata app, citizens may file grievances in their native
tongues and receive real-time tracking and feedback. Both voice and text message
forms are available for registration.
• Anna Mitra app will act as the real-time command centre for ration distribution for
FDS dealers, Food Inspectors, and District Officials. It will also provide information
on monthly sales, inspection reports and government updates
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Ques: India and the European Union (EU) recently launched two research projects
under which platform to address marine plastic litter and develop green hydrogen
solutions?
A. India-Europe Trade Alliance
B. India-Europe Union Trade and Technology Council
C. Indo-EU Climate Partnership
D. EU-India Sustainable Innovation Forum
E. India-EU Green Energy Mission
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• India and the European Union launched two joint research projects under the India-
Europe Union Trade and Technology Council.
• The projects aim to tackle marine plastic litter pollution and develop innovative
solutions to convert plastic waste into green hydrogen.
• The total investment in these projects is Rs 391 crore (41 million euros).
About the Marine Plastic Litter Project :
• Funded by : Ministry of Earth Science will invest Rs 90 crore, or 9.3 million euros,
and Horizon Europe will invest Rs 115 crore, or 12 million euros
• Objective : to create cutting-edge tools and technologies to track, evaluate, and
lessen the combined effects of several contaminants in the sea and ocean, such as
heavy metals, organic pollutants, and microplastics
About the Waste to Green Hydrogen Project :
• Funded by : Union Ministry of New and Renewable Energy will invest Rs 90 crore,
or 9.3 million euros, and Horizon Europe will invest Rs 96 crore, or 10 million euros
• Objective : to develop efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly
methods for green hydrogen production.
About the India-EU Trade and Technology Council :
• Announced in : April 2022 and Launched in February 2023
• India was the second country in the world, after the United States, with which the
EU has signed such an agreement
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Ques: When is World Bee Day observed?
A. 22 May
B. 15 May
C. 21 May
D. 20 May
E. 19 May
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• World Bee Day is observed on May 20 each year to raise awareness about the vital
role of bees and other pllinators in maintaining ecosystems and ensuring food
security.
• The date May 20 was selected to honor the birth of Anton Janša, a pioneer of
modern beekeeping.
• The first World Bee Day was celebrated in 2018, following its declaration by the
United Nations General Assembly in 2017.
• The 2025 theme is "Bee inspired by nature to nourish us all".
Indian Grandmaster R. Praggnanandhaa won his first-ever tournament on the Grand
Chess Tour.
The Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Delhi South Commissionerate has been
awarded the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) IS 15700:2018 certification,
recognising its commitment to excellence in public service delivery.
Because of Madku Dweep's cultural and historical significance, the Chhattisgarh High
Court has been keeping a careful eye on development activities there. It is located in
the Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh, on the banks of the Shivnath River, the longest
tributary of the Mahanadi River.
Argentina’s most famous glacier, the Perito Moreno glacier, which has a surface area
of 250 sq km (the total area of Patna, Bihar), is crumbling. The Perito Moreno glacier,
also called the ‘White Giant’, is located in the Argentine province of Santa Cruz
In a landmark move symbolizing deepening diplomatic relations, Honduras officially
inaugurated its embassy in New Delhi. Tegucigalpa is the capital of Honduras and its
currency Honduran Lempira.
The Department of Posts released a commemorative postal stamp at the Indian
Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) to celebrate 125 years of the Kodaikanal Solar
Observatory. Established on 1 April 1899, the observatory has played a pioneering
role in solar astrophysics research
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: The Department of Economic Affairs under the Ministry of Finance recently
amended Rule 8 of which regulatory framework to improve the ease of doing
business for brokers?
A. Companies Act, 2013
B. Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957
C. SEBI Act, 1992
D. Banking Regulation Act, 1949
E. Indian Contract Act, 1872
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, amended Rule 8 of the
Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules (SCRR), 1957.
• This amendment provides regulatory clarity and promotes ease of doing business
for stockbrokers.
• In the past, a stockbroker's investment may occasionally be viewed as a component
of their regular business operations, such as purchasing or disposing of shares as a
corporation.
• But now, An investment made by a broker with their own funds will not be
considered a business; but, if the broker uses client funds or securities, or if the
investment results in a financial liability (such as a loan or borrowing), it will be
considered a business.
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Ques: Why did IRDAI impose a Rs.1 crore penalty on Acko General Insurance?
A. Delay in claim settlements
B. Non-compliance with investment norms
C. Violation of outsourcing and commission payment regulations
D. False advertising
E. Misuse of customer data
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) imposed a
Rs.1 crore penalty on Acko General Insurance.
• The action was taken due to violations involving outsourcing activities and
improper commission/reward payments to insurance agents and intermediaries.
• IRDAI has instructed Acko to present the order in the next board meeting and
submit the minutes of discussion.
• Additionally, Acko is required to submit an action-taken report within 90 days from
the date of the order.
Ques: Which bank has sanctioned Rs.1500 crore to MMRDA for slum redevelopment
along the Eastern Express Highway in Ghatkopar, Mumbai?
(a) HDFC Bank
(b) Karnataka Bank
(c) Bank of baroda
(d) Canara Bank
(e) Bank of Maharashtra
Answer : Option E
Explanation:
• Bank of Maharashtra has sanctioned Rs.1500 crore to the Mumbai Metropolitan
Region Development Authority (MMRDA).
• The amount is for the redevelopment of slum areas along the Eastern Express
Highway in Ghatkopar, Mumbai.
• This is part of the first phase of the Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) project,
which has a total cost of Rs.8,498 crore.
• The project funding structure includes 46% through institutional financing, 39%
from MMRDA’s internal revenue, and 15% from alternative sources.
• The loan tenure is 15 years.
• The MMRDA’s first initiative in slum development aims to rehabilitate about 17,000
slum dwellers with free 1 Bedroom, Hall, and Kitchen (BHK) houses of 300 square
feet (Sq ft).
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Ques: Which Indian state has recently become the first to achieve full functional
literacy status, and under which scheme was this milestone reached?
A. Kerala – Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
B. Mizoram – ULLAS
C. Himachal Pradesh – Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
D. Tamil Nadu – PM SHRI
E. Ladakh – National Education Policy
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Mizoram has become the first Indian state to achieve full functional literacy,
meaning over 95% of its population is functionally literate.
• This was accomplished under the ULLAS scheme (Understanding Lifelong Learning
for All in Society) launched by the Government of India.
• It's important to note that Ladakh, a Union Territory, was the first overall region (on
24 June 2024) to attain this status before Mizoram among states.
About Understanding of Lifelong Learning for All in Society (ULLAS) scheme :
• Launched : 2022
• Tenure : 2022-2027
• Aim : To empower those adults aged 15 years and above from all backgrounds who
could not get due schooling and mainstream them with society to be able to
contribute more to the growth story of the country
• Components : 1. Foundational Literacy and Numeracy 2. Critical Life Skills 3. Basic
Education 4. Vocational Skills 5. Continuing Education
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Ques : What is the total population of Asiatic Lions in Gujarat as per the 2025 lion
census?
A. 674
B. 497
C. 891
D. 832
E. 523
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• As per the 16th lion population survey announced during the 7th meeting of the
National Board for Wildlife at Sasan-Gir in March 2025, Gujarat's Asiatic lion
population has risen to 891 from 674 in 2020, marking a 32.2% increase.
• The lions were found across 358 locations in seven districts of the Saurashtra
region.
• This growth reflects the successful conservation efforts and expanding habitat
range, which has increased from 6,600 sq km to 35,000 sq km over the past decade.
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Ques : Where was the world’s first commercial-scale e-methanol plant established?
A. Norway
B. Germany
C. Denmark
D. Sweden
E. Finland
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The world’s first commercial-scale e-methanol plant has been inaugurated in Kasso,
southern Denmark.
• E-methanol is a low-emission green fuel that provides an eco-friendly alternative to
traditional marine fuels.
• Shipping giant Maersk plans to adopt this fuel to enhance sustainable maritime
transport.
• This initiative is a key development in combating climate change and advancing
green shipping solutions.
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Ques: Under which initiative has India signed a grant agreement with the Maldives
to enhance ferry services in the island nation?
A. SAGAR Initiative
B. High Impact Community Development Project Phase III
C. Indian Ocean Maritime Vision
D. Neighbourhood First Policy
E. Blue Economy Partnership Program
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• India and Maldives signed an agreement under Phase III of the High Impact
Community Development Project (HICDP).
• It was signed by Abdulla Khaleel, Maldivian Foreign Minister, and G.
Balasubramanian, Indian High Commissioner to the Maldives.
• The project is backed by a Maldivian Rufiyaa (MVR) 100 million grant (approx. ₹55.3
crore) from India.
• The objective is to enhance ferry services, expand maritime connectivity, and uplift
community livelihoods.
• A total of 13 projects have been launched under this phase.
• Though originally scheduled for completion by 2027, the projects are now expected
to be completed by the end of this year.
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Ques : Which country has taken over as the chair of the Asian Productivity
Organization (APO) for 2025–26?
A. China
B. Indonesia
C. Japan
D. India
E. South Korea
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• India has assumed the chairmanship of the Asian Productivity Organization (APO)
for the 2025–26 term.
• The decision was made during the APO Governing Body meeting held in Jakarta,
Indonesia, from May 20 to 22, 2025.
• India was represented by Amardeep Singh Bhatia, Secretary of the Department for
Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
• India's appointment reflects its increasing influence and leadership in productivity
and economic collaboration across Asia.
Ques: Where was the 2025 World Hydrogen Summit held ?
A. Paris, France
B. Berlin, Germany
C. Tokyo, Japan
D. Rotterdam, Netherlands
E. New York, USA
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The 2025 World Hydrogen Summit was held in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
• It was inaugurated by Santosh Kumar Sarangi, Secretary, Union Ministry of New &
Renewable Energy.
• The summit was organized by the Sustainable Energy Council and RX Global.
• India showcased its progress in renewable energy with over 223 GW installed, and
announced ambitions to be energy independent by 2047 and reach net-zero carbon
emissions by 2070.
• The MNRE has identified Kandla, Paradip, and Tuticorin ports as green hydrogen
hubs, and 15 Indian states have launched green hydrogen policies.
About National Green Hydrogen Policy:
• Launched : 2023
• Outlay : 2.4 Billion USD
• Goals : 5 million metric tonnes of green hydrogen production capacity per year by
2030
• Averting nearly 50 MMT of annual greenhouse gas emissions annually
• Attract investments of about USD 100 billion.
• Generate over 6 lakh jobs by 2030.
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Ques: Which newly designated Conservation Reserve in Himachal Pradesh has
become India’s largest, known for its snow leopard population?
A. Naina Devi Conservation Reserve
B. Darlaghat Conservation Reserve
C. Potter Hills Conservation Reserve
D. Shilli Conservation Reserve
E. Tsarap Chu Conservation Reserve
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• The Tsarap Chu Conservation Reserve, located in Spiti Valley, Himachal Pradesh,
has been officially designated as India’s largest conservation reserve under Section
36A (1) of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
• It is renowned for a high density of snow leopards, often referred to as the "ghost of
the mountains".
• This is the 5th conservation reserve of the state, after Shilli, Naina Devi, Darlaghat,
and Potter Hills Conservation Reserves.
• It also hosts the confluence of the Unam River and Charap Nala.
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Ques : What is the name of the stitched sail ship recreated by the Indian Navy based
on Ajanta paintings?
A. INS Vikrant
B. INSV Kaundinya
C. INS Shankhnaad
D. INS Ajanta
E. INSV Samudra
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• INSV Kaundinya is a stitched sail ship recreated by the Indian Navy, inspired by 5th-
century Ajanta cave paintings.
• It was launched in Goa in February 2025 and constructed using traditional coir rope,
fabric, and natural resin by Kerala artisans.
• The project revives India’s ancient maritime heritage and the ship is set to sail along
a historic trade route from Gujarat to Oman later in 2025.
• This ship stands out due to its square sails and steering oars, reconstructed through
Ajanta’s two-dimensional art with the help of IIT Madras and ocean engineers.
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Ques : Which Indian author won the International Booker Prize 2025 for a Kannada
short story collection?
A. Arundhati Roy
B. Banu Mushtaq
C. Anitha Desai
D. Vaidehi
E. Temsula Ao
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Banu Mushtaq, a renowned Kannada writer, activist, and lawyer, became the first
Kannada author to win the International Booker Prize 2025 for her short story
collection ‘Heart Lamp’.
• The award ceremony took place at Tate Modern, London, on May 20, 2025, and
included a prize of GBP 50,000 shared between the author and the translator.
• The book portrays themes of women’s resilience, social justice, and Karnataka’s
cultural identity.
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Ques: Who has been appointed as Sudan’s first Prime Minister since the civil war
began in April 2023?
A. Omar al-Bashir
B. Abdalla Hamdok
C. Kamil al-Taib Idris
D. Abdel-Fattah Burhan
E. Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Kamil al-Taib Idris has been appointed as Sudan’s first Prime Minister since the civil
war erupted in April 2023.
• He was appointed by Sudan’s army chief Gen. Abdel-Fattah Burhan.
• This is the first such appointment since Abdalla Hamdok resigned in 2022.
• Sudan's capital is Khartoum, and its currency is the Sudanese pound.
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Ques: Which South American country recently joined China’s Belt and Road
Initiative (BRI) to boost exports and investment?
A. Brazil
B. Argentina
C. Peru /
D. Colombia
E. Chile
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• In 2024, Colombia officially joined China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) by signing a
cooperation pact during a meeting between President Gustavo Petro and President
Xi Jinping in Beijing.
• The agreement is aimed at boosting exports, attracting Chinese investments, and
enhancing connectivity along the Pacific coast.
• The BRI, launched in 2013, is China’s global strategy for infrastructure and
economic cooperation, with over 140 countries now participating, representing 75%
of the world’s population and over half of global GDP.
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Ques : What is the full form of the SPICED scheme launched by the Spices Board for
2025–26?
A. Spices Promotion in Collaboration for Export Development
B. Sustainable Practices in Cardamom Export Development
C. Sustainability in Spice Sector through Progressive, Innovative and Collaborative
Interventions for Export Development
D. Spices Investment and Collaboration for Export Drive
E. Spices Production Innovation for Cardamom Export Development
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The SPICED scheme, launched by the Spices Board for FY 2025–26, stands for
"Sustainability in Spice Sector through Progressive, Innovative and Collaborative
Interventions for Export Development".
• It promotes sustainable growth, innovation, and value addition in the spice export
sector, especially focusing on cardamom, post-harvest improvements, organic
production, and GI-tagged spices.
• Exporters and FPOs can apply for financial assistance under this scheme for a wide
range of activities from micro-irrigation to organic farming and infrastructure
development.
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Ques: What is the objective of the Bharatiya Bhasha Summer Camp launched by the
Ministry of Education in New Delhi?
A. To train teachers in foreign languages
B. To teach coding skills to students
C. To promote foundational literacy and multilingual learning through Indian
language
D. To provide summer employment opportunities to students
E. To promote sports and fitness activities in schools
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan launched the Bharatiya Bhasha
Summer Camp in New Delhi.
• The initiative aims to celebrate the diversity and beauty of Indian languages and
foster unity through linguistic exchange.
• Students and teachers will learn an Indian language belonging to a different
linguistic family than their own.
• Primers in 117 Indian languages have been developed by NCERT and CIIL to support
Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN) using children's mother tongues.
Ques: Which country launched the first batch of AI-powered satellites to build the
world’s first supercomputer in orbit?
A. USA
B. Russia
C. Japan
D. China
E. India
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• China launched the first batch of Artificial Intelligence-powered satellites aboard a
Long March 2D rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre.
• The batch includes 12 satellites, each equipped with AI-powered computing
systems and high-speed laser communication links.
• The space-based supercomputer is being developed by Chinese start-up ADA
Space, in collaboration with Zhejiang Lab and the Neijiang High-Tech Zone.
• This initiative aims to establish the world’s first orbital supercomputer.
• Currently, one of the world’s most powerful supercomputers is El Capitan, located
at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA.
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Ques: What is the main objective of the Pilot Apprenticeship Scheme launched
under NAPS in the North Eastern Region?
A. Promote tourism in northeastern states
B. Provide structured and paid apprenticeship training to youth
C. Establish new universities in Mizoram
D. Support small-scale industries in the region
E. Expand rail connectivity in the Northeast
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Pilot Apprenticeship Scheme under the National Apprenticeship Promotion
Scheme (NAPS) was launched by Union MoS Jayant Chaudhary and Mizoram CM
Lalduhoma.
• It aims to boost apprenticeship opportunities in the Northeastern Region by
offering structured, paid, and high-quality training.
• The scheme is overseen by the Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship (IIE), Guwahati
and the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC).
• With a total outlay of ₹43.93 crore, about 26,000 youths will receive ₹1,500 per
month for one year.
• A target of 1,000 youth will undergo training at Welspun’s facilities in Gujarat
through a blended model of classroom and on-the-job training.
Ques: Jayant Narlikar, who recently passed away, was known for proposing which
cosmological model?
A. Big Bang Model
B. Steady State Model
C. Oscillating Universe Model
D. Quantum Loop Model
E. Plasma Cosmology
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Jayant Narlikar was a renowned Indian astrophysicist who co-proposed the Steady
State Model of the universe along with Fred Hoyle.
• This theory challenged the widely accepted Big Bang Theory by suggesting that the
universe has no beginning or end, and matter is continuously created.
• He was the Founder-Director of IUCAA, Pune, and played a crucial role in mentoring
young astrophysicists in India.
• He was a prolific science communicator, authoring books, essays, and science
fiction, and promoting scientific temper.
• His honors include Padma Bhushan (1965), Padma Vibhushan (2004), UNESCO
Kalinga Prize, and French Legion of Honour.
• His autobiography ‘Chaar Nagarantale Maze Vishwa’ won the Sahitya Akademi
Award.
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Ques: In which village of Arunachal Pradesh was the Northeast Region’s first
geothermal production well successfully drilled?
A. Tawang
B. Bomdila
C. Dirang
D. Ziro
E. Itanagar
Answer: Option C.
Explanation:
• The Centre for Earth Sciences and Himalayan Studies (CEHS) has successfully
drilled the first geothermal production well in the Northeast Region at Dirang village,
located in West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh.
• The project is an international collaboration with the Norway Geotechnical
Institute, Geotrophye (Iceland), and Guwahati Boring Service.
• CEHS aims to make Dirang India’s first geothermal-powered town by deepening
operations in future phases.
• Previously, India’s first geothermal power project was established in the Manuguru
region of Telangana, featuring a 20-Kilowatt pilot plant by Singareni Collieries
Company Limited
Ques: M.R. Srinivasan, who recently passed away, was associated with which field?
A. Space Research
B. Nuclear Science
C. Astrophysics
D. Meteorology
E. Marine Biology
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• M.R. Srinivasan was a renowned nuclear scientist who played a foundational role in
shaping India’s nuclear programme.
• He worked with Dr. Homi J. Bhabha on India's first nuclear research reactor, Apsara,
in 1955.
• In 1967, he was appointed as Chief Project Engineer for India's first atomic power
station at Tarapur.
• He served as Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and Secretary of
the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE).
• He was also the founder-chairman of NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India
Ltd.).
• Under his leadership, 18 nuclear power units were developed.
• In 2015, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, India's second-highest civilian
award.
• He passed away at the age of 95 in Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu.
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LQues: Who is known as the Father of India’s Science Museum Movement and
recently passed away?
A. Dr. Vikram Sarabhai
B. Dr. Saroj Ghose
C. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
D. Dr. Jayant Narlikar
E. Dr. Homi Bhabha
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Dr. Saroj Ghose was the Founding Director General of the National Council of
Science Museums (NCSM) and is regarded as the Father of India’s Science Museum
Movement.
• In 1965, he became the Director of BITM (Birla Industrial and Technological
Museum) and launched the innovative "Mobile Science Museum", which brought
science exhibitions to remote and rural areas.
• He was honored with the Padma Shri in 1989 and the Padma Bhushan in 2007 for
his contributions in the field of Science and Engineering.
• His pioneering efforts helped popularize science education across India through
museums and mobile outreach.
ZikZuk, a fast-growing fintech startup headquartered in Hyderabad (Telangana), has
received in-principle authorisation from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to issue
Prepaid Payment Instruments (PPI).
The Haryana Water Resources (Conservation, Regulation and Management) Authority
(HWRA) has launched the Haryana Water Resource Atlas 2025—an artificial
intelligence-powered, geospatial platform.
IDBI Bank Sold Entire 21.14% Stake in Puducherry Industrial Promotion Development
and Investment Corporation Limited (PIPDIC) to Govt of Puducherry for Rs.18.83
Crore. The buyer, Government of Puducherry, already held 78.86% stake, thus
becoming the sole owner of PIPDIC after this acquisition
Grandmaster R. Praggnanandhaa demonstrated his dominance in the Superbet
Classic in Romania (Bucharest), defeating Maxime Vachier-Lagrave of France to win
his first-ever Grand Chess Tour tournament.
The National Cadet Corps (NCC) has reached a significant milestone as its expedition
team successfully scaled Mount Everest (8,848m). The team comprised 10 NCC
cadets. This is the third ascent of Mt Everest by the NCC, following previous
expeditions in 2013 and 2016.
The Ministry of Food Processing Industries in partnership with Agricultural &
Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), Trade Promotion
Council of India (TPCI), and Government of Bihar, is organizing International Buyer
Seller Meet (IBSM) in Patna, Bihar
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Why did the Reserve Bank of India cancel the licence of HCBL Co-operative
Bank?
A. For engaging in money laundering activities
B. Due to non-compliance with RBI audit timelines
C. Due to inadequate capital and earning prospects
D. For merger with another cooperative bank
E. For operating without DICGC insurance
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) cancelled the banking licence of HCBL Co-operative
Bank, based in Lucknow, effective May 19, as the bank did not have adequate capital
or earning prospects.
• The bank also failed to comply with multiple provisions of the Banking Regulation
Act, 1949 [Sections 22(3)(a) to 22(3)(e) read with Section 56].
• After liquidation, depositors are entitled to receive up to Rs.5 lakh from the Deposit
Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) on their deposits.
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Ques: How much foreign currency did the RBI sell on a gross basis in FY25?
A. $153.03 billion
B. $212.57 billion
C. $291.03 billion
D. $398.71 billion
E. $625 billion
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) sold a record $398.71 billion of foreign currency on
a gross basis during FY25 to defend the Indian rupee amid global financial volatility.
• This figure is significantly higher than the foreign currency sales in FY24 ($153.03
billion) and FY23 ($212.57 billion).
• Despite some purchases, the net sale was $34.51 billion, the second highest since
FY2008-09.
• December 2024 marked the peak intervention month, with $69.05 billion sold in
just one month.
• The intervention was triggered by the rupee touching an all-time low of ₹87.95 per
dollar in February 2025, due to global uncertainty and changes in U.S. policy.
• Between September 2024 and June 2025, India’s forex reserves fell by $80 billion.
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Ques: With which organization has India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) partnered to
expand credit access across Bharat?
A. HDFC Bank
B. Bajaj Finance
C. Aditya Birla Capital Limited
D. LIC Housing Finance
E. SBI Cards
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) has entered into a strategic partnership with
Aditya Birla Capital Limited (ABCL) to expand access to digital credit solutions across
India.
• The partnership combines IPPB’s vast postal network and digital infrastructure with
ABCL’s diversified loan offerings like personal loans, business loans, and loans
against property.
• The initiative focuses on financial inclusion, especially targeting underserved and
rural populations.
• IPPB will act as a referral partner only, without taking credit risk; ABCL will retain
full control over credit decisions.
• The service will utilize AI and data analytics to provide personalized and seamless
loan experiences.
• IPPB operates under the Ministry of Communications, and serves over 11 crore
customers across 5.57 lakh villages and towns using India Stack technologies for
paperless, cashless banking.
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Ques: What is the new name of North East Small Finance Bank Limited after its
merger with fintech company slice?
A. NESFB Finance Bank /
B. Slice Bank of India
C. Slice Small Finance Bank Limited
D. Northeast Slice Bank
E. Slice Finance Corporation
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The name of “North East Small Finance Bank Limited” has been changed to “slice
Small Finance Bank Limited” in the Second Schedule to the Reserve Bank of India
Act, 1934.
• This change follows a strategic merger between Bengaluru-based fintech company
slice and the Guwahati-based NESFB.
• The merger was completed in October 2024
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Ques: What is the main objective of the newly notified 'Payments Regulatory Board
Regulations, 2025'?
A. To privatize the payment systems
B. To regulate NBFCs independently
C. To replace BPSS with PRB having government representation
D. To merge RBI and SEBI
E. To create a new cryptocurrency board
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Payments Regulatory Board (PRB) is being formed to replace the existing BPSS
(Board for Regulation and Supervision of Payment and Settlement Systems), which
currently operates under the RBI.
• PRB will include government representation for the first time—3 members
nominated by the government and 3 by the RBI.
• The RBI Governor will serve as the Chairperson and hold the casting vote in case of
a tie.
• This change is implemented under the Payments Regulatory Board Regulations,
2025, as notified by the Central Government.
• PRB will be assisted by RBI’s Department of Payment and Settlement Systems
(DPSS).
• The structure is governed by Section 3 of the PSS Act, 2007.
• It was earlier opposed by the RBI in 2018, arguing that payment system regulation
should remain with the central bank due to its monetary policy implications.
• PRB members must be below 70 years of age, have no conflict of interest, and
cannot be MPs or MLAs.
• The board will meet at least twice a year and may invite domain experts as
permanent or ad hoc invitees.
Ques : Which bank has signed MoU with Indian Institute of Banking & Finance (IIBF)
for a customized Electronic (e) – Learning and certification program on MSMEs ?
A. Bank of India
B. Union Bank of India
C. Indian Overseas Bank
D. Canara Bank
E. Punjab & Sind Bank
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Indian Institute of Banking & Finance (IIBF) and Indian Overseas Bank (IOB) have
inked a MoU for a tailored Electronic (e)-Learning and certification program on Micro,
Small, and Medium-Sized Businesses (MSMEs).
• Increasing staff awareness of MSMEs and promptly and effectively meeting their
credit needs are the goals of the Memorandum of Understanding.
About Indian Overseas Bank (IOB) :
• Founded : 1937
• HQ : Chennai
• MD & CEO : Ajay Kumar Srivastava
• Tagline : Good people to grow with
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Ques: Which institution has signed an MoU with Bank of India to host a FinTech &
Cybersecurity Hackathon in 2025?
A. IIM Ahmedabad
B. IIT Delhi
C. NIT Trichy
D. IIT Hyderabad
E. IISc Bangalore
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Bank of India (BOI) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with IIT
Hyderabad.
• The purpose of the MoU is to organize a FinTech & Cybersecurity Hackathon in
September 2025.
• The hackathon will be hosted at IIT Hyderabad with IDRBT (Institute for
Development and Research in Banking Technology) acting as the knowledge partner.
• This initiative is supported by the Department of Financial Services, Government of
India.
• The objective is to promote innovation in the fields of Financial Technology
(FinTech) and Cybersecurity through industry-academic collaboration.
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Ques: How much is the total rescue package Bajaj Auto is providing for KTM?
A. €1 billion
B. €450 million
C. €600 million
D. €800 million
E. €200 million
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Bajaj Auto will take majority control of Austrian motorcycle maker KTM AG through
a total €800 million rescue package.
• This includes:
€200 million already infused as convertible bonds/loans, and
An additional €600 million, of which €450 million will be a secured loan and €150
million will be convertible bonds.
• KTM’s 2024 revenue declined significantly, and this deal enables Bajaj Auto to shift
from a passive investor to majority ownership.
• Bajaj currently owns 37.5% stake and manufactures KTM bikes in Pune, India.
• The acquisition strengthens Bajaj’s footprint in the global off-road motorcycle
segment.
Ques: From which date will the Safety of Household, Commercial and Similar
Electrical Appliances (Quality Control) Order, 2025 come into effect for large,
medium domestic and foreign enterprises?
A. 1 January 2025
B. 1 August 2025
C. 19 March 2026
D. 31 December 2025
E. 1 April 2026
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the
Ministry of Commerce & Industry has extended the implementation timeline of the
Quality Control Order (QCO), 2025.
• The QCO will now come into force from 19th March 2026 for domestic large and
medium enterprises and foreign manufacturers.
• The QCO applies to all electrical appliances for household, commercial or similar
use with voltage not exceeding 250V (single-phase) or 480V (others).
Special provisions include:
• 6-month extension for micro enterprises
• 3-month extension for small enterprises
• Exemptions for up to 200 imported units for R&D
• Import exemption for domestic manufacturers making export-oriented products
• 6-month window for clearing legacy stock (manufactured/imported before
implementation)
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Ques: Who became the fastest cricketer to reach 13,000 Test runs in terms of
matches played?
A. Jacques Kallis
B. Ricky Ponting
C. Sachin Tendulkar
D. Joe Root
E. Rahul Dravid /
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Joe Root became the fastest cricketer to reach 13,000 Test runs in terms of
matches played, achieving this milestone during a four-day Test against Zimbabwe at
Trent Bridge, Nottingham.
• He reached the landmark in just 153 matches, surpassing Jacques Kallis, who took
159 matches.
• Joe Root is the first English player and fifth overall to reach this feat.
• Others in the 13,000-run club include Sachin Tendulkar, Ricky Ponting, Jacques
Kallis, and Rahul Dravid.
• However, in terms of innings, Root is the slowest among them, requiring 279 innings,
whereas Tendulkar reached it in 266 innings.
Ranking of top 5 fastest to 13000 runs in test matches :
1 Joe Root (England) : 153 matches
2 Jacques Kallis (South Africa) : 159 matches
3 Rahul Dravid (India) : 160 matches
4 Ricky Ponting (Australia) : 162 matches
5 Sachin Tendulkar (India) : 163 matches
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Ques: Which organization is conducting a Nationwide Hackathon on CCTV Solutions
for Law Enforcement in India?
A. NITI Aayog
B. Ministry of Electronics and IT
C. Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D)
D. Central Vigilance Commission
E. DRDO
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D) under the Ministry of
Home Affairs (MHA) is organizing a Nationwide Hackathon on CCTV Solutions.
• It is being conducted in collaboration with NCRB and CyberPeace Foundation.
• The aim is to promote indigenous, secure, scalable, and cost-effective CCTV
innovations suited for Indian law enforcement agencies.
• Four key focus areas : Indigenous CCTV hardware and systems, Integration of AI
and smart video analytics, Cyber security in CCTV networks and Affordable and
efficient surveillance design
• The top entry will be given Rs. 5 Lakh monetary award with the second and third
entries getting Rs. 3 Lakh and Rs. 1 Lakh respectively.
Ques: Which Indian company has partnered with Israel’s Sparton to localize
production of advanced Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) systems?
A. Bharat Electronics Limited
B. HAL
C. DRDO
D. Adani Defence & Aerospace
E. Larsen & Toubro
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Adani Defence & Aerospace has signed an agreement with Sparton, a subsidiary of
Haifa (Israel)-based Elbit Systems Ltd.,
• The objective is to localize production of advanced Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)
systems, including sonobuoys, for both the Indian Navy and global markets.
• This collaboration makes Adani Defence & Aerospace the first private sector
company in India to offer indigenously developed sonobuoy solutions.
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Ques: What is the name of the AI-powered virtual news anchor launched by the
Assam government to deliver cabinet updates in Assamese?
A. SAMPARKA
B. AI-ASSAM
C. ANKITA
D. IRIS
E. PRAGATI
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Assam Chief Minister Hemanta Biswa Sarma launched ANKITA – Assam’s New-age
Knowledge-based Information Technology Anchor – an AI-powered virtual news
anchor that delivers cabinet meeting updates in Assamese.
• This makes Assam the first Indian state to deploy an AI anchor for official
government communication.
• Earlier in 2024, Assam also introduced ‘Iris’, the first AI-powered teacher dressed in
traditional Mekhela-Chador, at Royal Global School in Guwahati.
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Ques: What is the new extended deadline for completing houses sanctioned under
the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U)?
A. 31 March 2024
B. 30 June 2025
C. 31 December 2025
D. 31 March 2026
E. 31 December 2026
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has extended the deadline for
the completion of houses sanctioned under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban
(PMAY-U) to 31 December 2025.
• This extension applies to houses sanctioned up to 31 March 2022, providing more
time for beneficiaries to complete construction and avail housing benefits.
• PMAY-U was launched on 25th June 2015 to provide affordable housing to urban
poor and is implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
• Eligible beneficiaries include Economically Weaker Section (EWS) (up to Rs.3 lakh),
Low-Income Group (LIG) (Rs.3–6 lakh), Middle-Income Group-I (MIG-I) (Rs.6–9 lakh),
and slum dwellers.
• It Addresses Urban housing shortage among the Urban Poor including the Slum
Dwellers by ensuring a pucca house to eligible urban poor
• Since inception, more than 92.61 lakh houses have been constructed under PMAY
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Ques: Who won the Men's Singles title at the 82nd edition of the Italian Open Tennis
2025?
A. Novak Djokovic
B. Jannik Sinner
C. Daniil Medvedev
D. Rafael Nadal
E. Carlos Alcaraz
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
• The 82nd edition of the Italian Open Tennis 2025 crowned Carlos Alcaraz (Spain) as
the Men’s Singles champion.
• In the Women’s Singles, Jasmine Paolini (Italy) secured the title.
• Men’s Doubles was won by Marcelo Arévalo (El Salvador) and Mate Pavić (Croatia).
• Women’s Doubles champions were Jasmine Paolini and Sara Errani (both from
Italy).
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Ques : Who tops the Sunday Times Rich List of the wealthiest individuals and
families residing in the United Kingdom ?
A Sir James Dyson and family
B Sir Leonard Blavatnik
C Idan Ofer
D David and Simon Reuben and Family
E Gopi Hinduja and Family
Answert : Option E
Explanation :
• Every year, the wealthiest people and families in the UK are ranked in the Sunday
Times Rich List.
• The Sunday Times, a British Sunday newspaper, compiles the list every year.
• About 350 people and families with a combined wealth of GBP 772.8 billion are
included in the 37th Sunday Times Rich List.
Ranking of Top 5 wealthiest people and families in the UK :
1. Gopi Hinduja and Family (35.3 billion)
2. David and Simon Reuben and Family (26.87 billion)
3. Sir Leonard Blavatnik (25.72 billion)
4. Sir James Dyson and family (20.8 billion)
5. Idan Ofer (20.12 billion)
Ques: Where was the national-level celebration of the International Day for
Biological Diversity (IDB) 2025 held in India?
A. New Delhi
B. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
C. Dehradun, Uttarakhand
D. Udaipur, Rajasthan
E. Hyderabad, Telangana
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• To mark International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) 2025, the Union Ministry of
Environment, Forest and Climate Change collaborated with the National Biodiversity
Authority, Rajasthan Forest Department, and Rajasthan State Biodiversity Board to
organize a national-level celebration in Udaipur, Rajasthan.
• The theme for IDB 2025 is ‘Harmony with Nature and Sustainable Development’.
• May 22 is celebrated globally as IDB to raise awareness about the importance of
conserving biological diversity.
• India is among the 17 mega-diverse countries of the world, with over 1,00,000
animal species and 55,000 plant species across 10 biogeographic zones, covering an
area of 329 million hectares.
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Ques: What percentage of Central Government housing has been reserved for
persons with disabilities?
A. 2%
B. 3%
C. 4%
D. 5%
E. 6%
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs has announced a 4% reservation in
Central Government housing for persons with disabilities (PwDs).
• The decision is in accordance with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016,
which emphasizes equality and accessibility.
• The Department of Estates (DoE), which manages government residential
accommodations, particularly in Delhi, issued an office memorandum to enforce this
rule.
• This reservation ensures fair access, dignity, and inclusivity for differently-abled
individuals in public housing.
• It reflects the government's broader aim to create an inclusive and accessible India.
Ques: Which two unique research facilities were recently inaugurated by Dr.
Jitendra Singh at NCPOR in Goa?
A. Bharat Bhavan and Ocean Bhavan
B. Sagar Bhavan and Polar Bhavan
C. Himalaya Bhavan and Arctic Bhavan
D. Maitri Bhavan and Himadri Bhavan
E. Deep Ocean Bhavan and Ice Core Bhavan
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated Sagar Bhavan and Polar Bhavan at
the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) in Goa.
• Polar Bhavan houses laboratories dedicated to polar and ocean research and will
soon include India’s first Polar and Ocean Museum.
• Sagar Bhavan is equipped with -30°C ice core labs and +4°C storage units to archive
sediment and biological samples.
• NCPOR plays a key role in India’s scientific presence in Antarctica (stations Maitri
and Bharati), the Arctic (Himadri), and Himalayas (Himansh), and leads the Deep
Ocean Mission.
• These are India’s first-of-their-kind facilities and among the very few in the world.
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Ques: Which chemical banned under FSSAI norms is often illegally used for fruit
ripening?
A. Ethylene
B. Calcium carbide
C. Formalin
D. Sulphur dioxide
E. Ammonium nitrate
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has directed all States
and Union Territories to intensify inspections against the use of non-permitted fruit
ripening agents.
• Calcium carbide, a banned chemical, is often illegally used to ripen fruits quickly.
• Its use is strictly prohibited under the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and
Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011.
• Violators will face strict penal action under the FSS Act, 2006.
Ques: What is the primary objective of the ‘Indira Soura Giri Jala Vikasam’ scheme
launched by the Telangana government?
A. To provide free housing to tribal communities
B. To distribute solar lanterns in rural areas
C. To offer free solar-powered irrigation to tribal farmers
D. To promote tourism in tribal belts
E. To set up water purification plants in forest villages
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Telangana Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy launched the ‘Indira Soura Giri Jala
Vikasam’ scheme at Macharam village in Amrabad mandal, Nagar Kurnool district.
• The scheme aims to empower 2.1 lakh tribal farmers by providing free solar pumps
for irrigation, especially for those holding land under the Forest Rights Act (RoFR).
• It will cover six lakh acres of RoFR lands and ensure their comprehensive
development.
• The scheme has an outlay of Rs 12,600 crore and will be implemented from 2025-26
to 2029-30 on 100% subsidy in saturation mode.
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Justice Kempaiah Somashekar, Judge of the Karnataka High Court Appointed as 9th
Chief Justice of the Manipur High Court Under Article 217(1) of the Constitution. He
Replaced Justice D. Krishna Kumar
EnKash (Mumbai) has officially launched the ‘EnKash Payment Gateway’ , a first-of-
its-kind payment solution engineered for India’s Small to Medium-sized (SMB) and
Startup merchants. EnKash established in 2018, HQ in Mumbai and MD & CEO is
Deep Sehgal
Book “The Diary of a Cricketer’s Wife: A Very Unusual Memoir” Authored by Puja
Pujara, the wife of renowned Indian cricketer Cheteshwar Pujara and Namita Kala
IndianOil Ultimate Table Tennis signed a 3-year agreement with JioStar Private
Limited to enhance the reach and visibility of table tennis in India. Under this
agreement, JioStar will serve as the exclusive broadcast and streaming partner of
IndianOil UTT till 2027.
Tapan Kumar Deka Appointed as Director, Intelligence Bureau (IB) (second one-year
extension)
The government will invest a total of Rs.1,280 crore to upgrade infrastructure in
godowns of FCI and CWC. Out of this, Rs.1,000 crore will be invested by the Food
Corporation of India (FCI) and Rs.280 crore by the Central Warehousing Corporation
(CWC).
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: What was the reason RBI imposed a penalty of Rs.63.6 lakh on Union Bank of
India?
A. Fraudulent loan sanction
B. Violation of KYC norms
C. Non-compliance with agricultural credit norms
D. Delay in financial reporting
E. ATM fraud cases
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a penalty of Rs.63.6 lakh on Union Bank of
India for violating provisions of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and failing to
comply with guidelines related to credit flow to agriculture, particularly in providing
collateral-free agricultural loans.
• A separate penalty of Rs.40 lakh was also imposed on Transactree Technologies for
non-compliance with norms under the NBFC – Peer to Peer Lending Platform
Directions, 2017.
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Ques: By what percentage did India’s net FDI decline in 2024–25 compared to 2023–
24, as per RBI data?
l
A. 86.2%
B. 90.1%
C. 96.5%
D. 98.3%
E. 99.7%
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI):
• Net FDI in 2024–25 stood at $353 million, showing a 96.5% decline compared to
2023–24.
• Gross FDI inflows in 2024–25 were $81.043 billion, a 13.7% increase over the $71.279
billion recorded in 2023–24.
• Profit repatriation and disinvestment by foreign investors amounted to $51.489
billion.
• Outward FDI by Indian companies was $29.201 billion.
• Over 60% of the gross FDI inflows were directed towards manufacturing, financial
services, electricity & energy, and communication services.
• Top FDI source countries included Singapore, Mauritius, UAE, Netherlands, and the
USA, collectively accounting for more than 75% of total inflows.
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Ques: On which date did LIC set the Guinness World Record for most life insurance
policies sold in 24 hours?
A. January 10, 2025
B. February 1, 2025
C. January 20, 2025
D. March 15, 2025
E. December 31, 2024
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) set a Guinness World Record on January
20, 2025, by issuing 5,88,107 life insurance policies within 24 hours.
• This achievement was made possible by the efforts of 4,52,839 LIC agents across
India.
• The record has been officially recognized by Guinness World Records.
• LIC described this as a historic milestone reflecting the strength of India’s insurance
sector.
• It showcases the trust of customers and the commitment of LIC’s dedicated agency
network.
Ques: How much surplus will the RBI transfer to the Government of India for FY25?
A. Rs.2.10 lakh crore
B. Rs.2.30 lakh crore
C. Rs.2.68 lakh crore
D. Rs.2.50 lakh crore
E. Rs.3.00 lakh crore
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) will transfer a record surplus of Rs.2,68,590 crore to
the Government of India for FY25, reflecting a 27% increase from the Rs.2,10,874
crore transferred in FY24.
• This surplus was determined under the Economic Capital Framework (ECF) adopted
in 2019, following the recommendations of the Bimal Jalan Committee.
• The Contingent Risk Buffer (CRB) range was revised to 7.50%–4.50% of the RBI’s
balance sheet from the previous 6.50%–5.50%.
• The surplus will provide the government fiscal space to boost capital expenditure
and manage the fiscal deficit more effectively
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Ques: Which fintech platform based in New Delhi received in-principle approval
from RBI for a Payment Aggregator license under the Payment and Settlement
Systems Act, 2007?
A. PayU
B. QuickPay
C. Getepay
D. Razorpay
E. Cashfree
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• QuickPay, a fintech platform based in New Delhi, has received in-principle approval
from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to operate as a Payment Aggregator (PA) under
the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007.
• Getepay, a Jaipur-based digital payments company, received final authorisation
from RBI to operate as an online Payment Aggregator.
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Ques: What is the primary objective of India's Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit
Transport Project (KMTTP)?
A. To develop a naval base in the Bay of Bengal
B. To bypass China and connect with ASEAN via Thailand
C. To enhance connectivity between Kolkata and North-East India via Myanmar
D. To construct a railway between Assam and Bangladesh
E. To promote cruise tourism between India and Myanmar
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project (KMTTP) is a strategic initiative
under India’s Act East Policy aimed at connecting Kolkata port with the landlocked
North-Eastern states through Myanmar, bypassing Bangladesh.
It consists of:
• Sea leg: Kolkata to Sittwe Port (~539 km)
• Inland waterway: Sittwe to Paletwa via the Kaladan River (~158 km)
• Road leg: Paletwa to Zorinpui on the India-Myanmar border (~110 km)
• Planned Indian leg: Zorinpui to Lawngtlai, and onward to Aizawl, Mizoram
Ques: Who have been appointed as the ambassadors for the FIBA Women’s Asia Cup
2025?
A. Rui Machida and Sun Mengran
B. Yuko Oga and Miao Lijie
C. Ramu Tokashiki and Wang Lili
D. Xu Han and Monica Okoye
E. Lin Lin and Asami Yoshida
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Chinese basketball legend Miao Lijie and Japanese basketball icon Yuko Oga have
been appointed as ambassadors for the FIBA Women’s Asia Cup 2025 (31st edition).
• The tournament is being organized by the Fédération Internationale de Basketball
(FIBA), headquartered in Mies, Switzerland.
• The event will be held in Shenzhen, China, marking China’s first time hosting the
tournament in a decade—the last time was in 2015.
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Ques: What was the central theme of the 10th NITI Aayog Governing Council
meeting chaired by PM Modi?
A. Viksit Rajya, Viksit Bharat @2047
B. Vision Bharat 2047
C. Developed India @2030
D. Aatma Nirbhar States @2047
E. Digital India Mission @2047
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• The 10th Governing Council Meeting of NITI Aayog, chaired by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi, focused on the crucial role of states in transforming India into a
developed nation by 2047.
• The central theme of the meeting was "Viksit Rajya, Viksit Bharat @2047",
highlighting the alignment between state and national development.
Major focus areas included:
• Promoting entrepreneurship, employment, and skilling
• Developing the MSME and informal sector
• Exploring opportunities in the green economy
• Enhancing infrastructure and investment in Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities as new growth
engines.
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Ques: What is the name of U.S. President Donald Trump’s proposed missile defense
plan inspired by Israel’s Iron Dome?
A. Steel Wall
B. Golden Dome
C. Eagle Shield
D. Sky Protector
E. Thunder Shield
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Former U.S. President Donald Trump proposed the "Golden Dome" as a plan to
protect the United States from long-range missiles.
• The plan is inspired by Israel’s multi-layered Iron Dome defense system, which is
known for successfully intercepting and destroying short-range rockets and artillery
shells.
• Iron Dome, developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and Israel Aerospace
Industries, is the innermost layer of Israel’s air defense network.
• It operates using a radar, command-and-control system, and interceptors, and is
capable of working in all weather conditions.
• The system can also be deployed on land or sea, depending on strategic needs.
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Ques: In which country is Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki, recently in the news for
volcanic eruption, located?
A. Philippines
B. Japan
C. Indonesia
D. Papua New Guinea
E. Malaysia
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki is located in East Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia,
on Flores Island.
• It lies along the Pacific’s "Ring of Fire", known for frequent earthquakes and volcanic
activity.
• It is part of a twin volcano system, with two peaks named Lewotobi Lakilaki (male)
and Lewotobi Perempuan (female).
• While Lewotobi Lakilaki has erupted frequently in the 19th and 20th centuries, the
Lewotobi Perempuan peak has only erupted twice in recorded history.
• Due to the recent eruption, a Red Alert was issued for volcanic ash clouds.
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Ques: Which country became India’s fourth-largest crude oil supplier in April 2025,
surpassing the UAE?
A. United States of America
B. Canada
C. Iran
D. Brazil
E. Nigeria
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• According to data from London-based Vortexa, the United States of America
surpassed the United Arab Emirates in April 2025 to become India’s fourth-largest
crude oil supplier.
• India’s crude oil imports from the USA rose to 0.33 million barrels per day (mbd) in
April 2025 — up from 0.17 mbd in April 2024 and 0.24 mbd in March 2025.
• The USA contributed 7.3% to India’s crude imports, overtaking UAE's 6.4%.
• The top three suppliers to India remain Russia (37.8%), Iraq (19.1%), and Saudi
Arabia (10.4%).
• India plans to increase its energy imports from the USA from USD 15 billion to USD
25 billion.
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Ques: Which two companies will be included in the Sensex index replacing Nestle
India and IndusInd Bank from June 23, 2025?
A. Tata Motors and Infosys
B. Trent and Bharat Electronics
C. Reliance and HDFC Ltd
D. BEL and ITC
E. None of the above
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Asia Index, the market intelligence arm of BSE, announced changes in the 30-share
Sensex index.
• From June 23, 2025, Trent Ltd (Tata Group) and Bharat Electronics Ltd (BEL) will
replace Nestle India and IndusInd Bank.
• The Sensex is the benchmark index of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), tracking
the performance of 30 major listed companies.
• These changes are made periodically to ensure that the index reflects the most
representative and liquid stocks in the market.
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Ques: Where was the BRICS Energy Ministers’ Meeting 2025 held under the theme
“Strengthening Global South Cooperation for More Inclusive and Sustainable
Governance”?
A. New Delhi, India
B. Shanghai, China
C. Pretoria, South Africa
D. Brasília, Brazil
E. Moscow, Russia
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The BRICS Energy Ministers’ Meeting 2025 was held in Brasília, Brazil, under Brazil’s
presidency, with the central theme:
“Strengthening Global South Cooperation for More Inclusive and Sustainable
Governance.”
• The Indian delegation was led by Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar.
• India announced that it had achieved 475 GW of energy capacity in 2025, which is a
90% increase over the last decade, and it aims for 900 GW by 2032.
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Ques: Where was the rare 16th-century inscription, recording the death of 6,307
people due to drought, discovered?
A. Guttala, Haveri district, Karnataka
B. Hampi, Karnataka
C. Belur, Karnataka
D. Badami, Karnataka
E. Halebidu, Karnataka
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• A 16th-century sculptural inscription was found near the Chandrashekara temple at
Guttala in Haveri district, Karnataka.
• The inscription is India’s first known historical record of a humanitarian disaster due
to a natural calamity.
• It documents the death of 6,307 people during a time of famine and disease.
• The inscription highlights the story of Marulayya, a man who performed the final
rites for all 6,307 unclaimed bodies, reflecting the extent of the drought’s impact.
Ques: As per USDA, which two countries will lead the global sugar output increase in
2025-26?
A. China and Mexico
B. India and Brazil
C. US and EU
D. Thailand and Australia
E. Russia and South Africa
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• According to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), India and Brazil, the world's
top two sugar producers, will drive the increase in global sugar output in 2025-26.
• India’s sugar production is projected to rise by 25% to 35.3 million tonnes, up from
28 million tonnes.
• Brazil’s sugar production is forecast to increase by 1 million tonnes, reaching a
record 44.7 million tonnes.
• The overall global sugar production is expected to grow by 8.6 million tonnes,
totaling 189.3 million tonnes, while global consumption will rise to 177.92 million
tonnes.
• The shift from ethanol production back to more sugar production is a notable trend
reversal this season.
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Ques: What major decision did the Supreme Court make regarding pensions of
retired High Court Judges in 2025?
A. Introduced NPS for all judges
B. Increased retirement age to 68
C. Ordered ‘One Rank One Pension’ for all retired High Court judges
D. Pension only for Chief Justices
E. Fixed pension based on years of service
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Supreme Court of India, led by Chief Justice BR Gavai, upheld the ‘One Rank
One Pension’ principle for all retired High Court judges, ensuring equal and full
pension, regardless of : Date of appointment, Mode of entry (Bar or judicial service)
and Duration of service
• This judgment applies to permanent and additional judges, and covers gaps in
service for those promoted from the district judiciary.
• It also includes those who joined under the New Pension Scheme (NPS) and later
became High Court judges.
• Family pensions will be granted to the legal heirs of judges who passed away in
office.
• The decision was based on Article 14 (Right to Equality), Article 221 of the
Constitution, and the High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act,
1954.
• Pension details : Chief Justices : Rs.15 lakh/year and Other Judges : Rs.13.5
lakh/year
Ques: What is the new maximum number of voters allowed in a polling booth as per
the latest guidelines of the Election Commission of India (ECI)?
A. 1000
B. 1100
C. 1200
D. 1300
E. 1500
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• To ensure a smoother voting experience, the Election Commission of India has
reduced the maximum number of voters per polling booth from 1500 to 1200.
Additional steps include:
• Setting up booths in high-rise buildings and residential colonies.
• Voter slips will prominently show serial and part numbers.
• Use of death data from Registrar General to update electoral rolls.
• Mobile phones allowed within 100 meters (in switch-off mode) but not inside
booths.
• No electioneering within 100 meters of the polling station on polling day.
• Launch of ECINET, replacing 40+ legacy apps and websites with one digital
dashboard.
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Ques: Where was the foundation stone for the Integrated Aqua Park under PMMSY
laid?
A. Agartala, Tripura
B. Shillong, Meghalaya
C. Kohima, Nagaland
D. Aizawl, Mizoram
E. Kailashahar, Tripura
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• Union Minister Rajiv Ranjan Singh, who heads the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal
Husbandry and Dairying, laid the foundation stone for a Rs.42.4 crore Integrated
Aqua Park in Kailashahar, Tripura, under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana
(PMMSY).
• The scheme is implemented from FY 2020–21 to 2024–25 across all States and UTs.
PMMSY is a flagship scheme launched to :
• Improve fish production, quality, and infrastructure
• Promote the Blue Revolution through sustainable fisheries
• Provide insurance, financial aid, and Kisan Credit Card (KCC) facilities to fishermen
Ques: Under which Act was Haryana-based YouTuber Jyoti Rani arrested for
allegedly leaking sensitive information to a Pakistani official?
A. Right to Information Act, 2005
B. Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002
C. National Security Act, 1980
D. Official Secrets Act, 1923
E. Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Jyoti Rani, a Haryana-based YouTuber, was arrested under the Official Secrets Act,
1923 (OSA) and Section 152 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) for allegedly
leaking sensitive information to a Pakistani High Commission official during
Operation Sindoor.
• The OSA was enacted in 1923, modeled on the British OSA 1911, and aims to protect
India’s sovereignty, defense, and intelligence from espionage and unauthorized
disclosures.
• It applies to all individuals, including government officials and civilians, in
possession of classified information.
• Section 3 deals with spying and provides punishment of up to 14 years
imprisonment for defence-related offences.
• Section 5 punishes wrongful communication, even if unintentional.
• Section 152 of the BNS also applies, which punishes acts that endanger sovereignty,
unity, and integrity of India, with life imprisonment or up to 7 years and a fine.
• Peaceful criticism for lawful reform is not punishable.
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Ques: On which occasion did the Department of Empowerment of Persons with
Disabilities organize the ‘Inclusive India Summit’ in New Delhi in 2025?
A. International Day of Persons with Disabilities
B. World Disability Day
C. Global Accessibility Awareness Day
D. National Inclusion Day
E. UN Day for Equality
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The ‘Inclusive India Summit’ was organized by the Department of Empowerment of
Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) under the Ministry of Social Justice and
Empowerment on May 15, 2025, in New Delhi.
• The event marked the observance of Global Accessibility Awareness Day (GAAD),
which is celebrated annually on the third Thursday of May.
• The summit was held in a hybrid mode, in collaboration with the SBI Foundation,
National Association for the Blind, and supported by the Association of People with
Disability and Mission Accessibility (Dhananjay Sanjogta Foundation).
• GAAD aims to raise awareness around digital access and inclusion, especially for
people with disabilities.
Ques: When is the World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development
observed annually?
A. 18 May
B. 19 May
C. 20 May
D. 21 May
E. 22 May
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development is observed
every year on 21 May.
• It was declared by the UN General Assembly in December 2002 following UNESCO’s
adoption of the Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity in 2001.
• Theme for 2025: "Protecting the diversity of cultural expressions is more important
than ever".
• The day emphasizes the importance of cultural diversity as an essential asset for
peace and development.
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The 8th meeting of the India-US Joint Working Group on Aircraft Carrier Technology
Cooperation (JWGACTC), constituted under the auspices of the India – US Defence
Technology and Trade Initiative (DTTI), was organised in India
Exercise Raahat Held at Rangapahar Military Station in Dimapur, Nagaland between
Indian Army’s Spear Corps and the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
Sub Inspector Geeta Samota of the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) created
history by becoming the first-ever CISF personnel to scale Mount Everest, the
world's highest peak. Mount Everest, also known as Sagarmatha in Nepal and
Qomolangma in China, lies on the Nepal-Tibet border
A first-of-its-kind national-level hackathon titled “CemHack for Green Infra” was
launched. Organised by the NCB Incubation Centre (NCB-IC), the hackathon aims to
provide an umbrella platform to support entrepreneurship and commercialization.
Cash rewards of up to ₹1 lakh and incubation or mentoring opportunities at NCB-IC
are on offer.
Tamannaah Bhatia Appointed as Brand ambassador of Karnataka Soaps & Detergents
Limited (KSDL), a century-old state-owned enterprise for 2 years
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
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Ques: Which country was recently admitted as a new member of the New
Development Bank (NDB) established by BRICS nations?
A. Nigeria
B. Algeria
C. Sri Lanka
D. Iran
E. Turkey
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The New Development Bank (NDB) was established by the BRICS nations: Brazil,
Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
• Algeria has been officially admitted as a new member of the NDB, as announced by
NDB President Dilma Rousseff.
• Other NDB members include Bangladesh, UAE, Egypt, and Indonesia, with Uruguay
as a prospective member.
• The Indian Regional Office of the NDB was recently launched at GIFT City,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
• The bank was established with an initial authorized capital of USD 100 billion.
• The first president of the NDB was K.V. Kamath from India (2015–2020).
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Ques : Which bank signed MOU with Atal Incubation Centre (AIC) Software
Technology Parks of India Next (STPINEXT) to provide essential financial solutions
and structural support to early-stage startups ?
(a) Federal Bank
(b) Axis Bank
(c) IndusInd Bank
(d) HDFC Bank
(e) Kotak Mahindra Bank
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• A MoU was signed by IndusInd Bank Limited and Atal Incubation Centre (AIC)
Software Technology Parks of India Next (STPINEXT) to offer crucial financial
solutions and structural support to Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises
(MSMEs) and early-stage startups throughout India.
• By providing startups and MSMEs seeded by AIC STPINEXT with operational tools,
financial literacy, and tailored banking services, the alliance seeks to foster
innovation and entrepreneurship.
About IndusInd Bank :
• Established : 1994
• HQ : Pune
• CEO & MD : Sumant Kathpalia
• Tagline : We Make You Feel Richer
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Ques: Which cryptocurrency exchange became the first to be included in the S&P
500 Index?
A. Binance
B. Kraken
C. Coinbase
D. Bitfinex
E. Gemini
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• Coinbase Global Inc. (COIN) became the first cryptocurrency exchange to be
included in the S&P 500 Index, a major U.S. stock market index.
• It replaced Discover Financial Services (DFS) after DFS was acquired by Capital One
Financial Corporation.
• The S&P 500 Index includes 500 leading U.S. companies and represents around
90% of the U.S. equity market capitalization.
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Ques : Which state government formulate first-of-its-kind ‘Composite
Backwardness Index’ ?
A. Telangana
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Punjab
D. Uttar Pradesh
E. Haryana
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• The Telangana government is developing a first-of-its-kind Composite
Backwardness Index to assess the disparities across 243 sub-castes identified in the
SEEEPC Survey 2024.
• This Index will use 43 indicators across rural and urban areas to measure relative
backwardness.
• It aims to offer data-driven social justice policies and is inspired by the Mandal
Commission, which used 11 parameters.
• The project is led by Justice Sudarshan Reddy and is based on constitutional values
of equity and inclusiveness.
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Ques: Which organization did the Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) sign an
MoU with to promote sustainable manufacturing in India’s garment industry?
A. Bureau of Energy Efficiency
B. Green Business Certification Institute
C. National Green Tribunal
D. United Nations Environment Programme
E. Central Pollution Control Board
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding with the Green Business Certification Institute.
• The goal is to encourage sustainable manufacturing and increase the number of
LEED-certified garment factories in India.
• LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is a globally recognized
certification for sustainable and environmentally responsible buildings.
• India currently ranks third globally in LEED certification, behind China and Canada,
with only 13 LEED-certified garment factories.
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Ques: What is the title of the book that reignited the debate over U.S. President Joe
Biden’s health during his 2024 re-election campaign?
A. Original Sin
B. The Decline
C. Final Days
D. Hidden Truth
E. Behind the Curtain
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• The book titled "Original Sin" is authored by Jake Tapper and Alex Thompson.
• It reignited debate about President Joe Biden’s fitness for office, particularly during
his 2024 re-election campaign.
• The book reportedly alleges Biden's physical deterioration and claims that his inner
circle concealed his condition, even considering extreme measures like using a
wheelchair.
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Ques: How many all-party delegations has the Government of India formed to brief
foreign nations about Operation Sindoor and its stance against terrorism?
A. 7
B. 8
C. 9
D. 10
E. 11
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• As part of its diplomatic outreach, the Government of India has formed seven all-
party delegations.
• These delegations are tasked with briefing key foreign nations about Operation
Sindoor and India’s strong resolve against terrorism.
• Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri briefed the delegations before their departure.
• The seven parliamentary groups comprise 59 Members of Parliament from different
political parties.
• These groups are scheduled to visit 32 countries to carry out diplomatic
engagement.
About the Seven Parliamentary Delegation and Visiting countries :
1. BJP MP Baijayant Panda : Algeria, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait
2. BJP MP Ravi Shankar Prasad : United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Denmark,
and the European Union
3. DMK MP Kanimozhi Karunanidhi : Latvia, Russia, Spain, Slovenia and Greece
4. Shiv Sena MP Shrikant Eknath Shinde : Liberia, Sierra Leone, Congo and the
United Arab Emirates
5. Congress MP Shashi Tharoor : Panama, Guyana, Colombia, and the United States
6. Supriya Sule : Ethiopia, Qatar, Egypt, and South Africa
7. Janata Dal United MP Sanjay Kumar Jha : Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, and
Singapore
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Ques: Who hosted the 24th Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) Council of
Ministers meeting?
A. India
B. Sri Lanka
C. Maldives
D. Bangladesh
E. Mauritius
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The 24th IORA Council of Ministers (COM) meeting was hosted virtually by Sri Lanka,
which currently holds the IORA Chair.
• The meeting was held under the theme “Sustainable Indian Ocean for future
Generation”.
• India, currently serving as the Vice-Chair, was represented by P. Kumaran, Secretary
(East), Ministry of External Affairs.
• India will assume the Chairship of IORA for 2025–2027, highlighting its growing
leadership role in the Indian Ocean region.
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Ques: According to the World’s Wealthiest Cities Report 2025, which Indian city is
the wealthiest, and what is its global rank?
A. Bengaluru – 35th
B. Delhi – 21st
C. Mumbai – 27th
D. Hyderabad – 39th
E. Chennai – 30th
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• World’s Wealthiest Cities Report 2025 4th Edition Published by Henley & Partners in
partnership with wealth intelligence firm, New World Wealth. It includes Total 50
Cities.
• According to the report, Mumbai, Maharashtra, is the wealthiest city in India, home
to over 51,000 millionaires and 25 billionaires, placing it in 27th place globally.
• Over the past ten years, Mumbai, commonly referred to as India's financial capital,
has seen a strong 69% increase in the number of millionaires.
• As to the research, New York City (USA) maintains its status as the world’s
wealthiest city, with 384, 500 High-Net Worth Individuals (HNIs).
List of World’s Top 5 Wealthiest Cities 2025 :
1 New York City, USA
2 The Bay Area, USA
3 Tokyo, Japan
4 Singapore, Singapore
5 Los Angeles, USA
27 Mumbai, India
39 Delhi, India
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Ques: Which railway entity is being merged with Indian Railways after receiving
approvals from multiple states including Maharashtra?
A. Konkan Railway
B. Eastern Coastal Railway
C. South Central Railway
D. Western Railway
E. Southern Railway
Answer: Option A
Explanation :
• Following the Maharashtra government's permission last month, the decks have
been cleared to merge Konkan Railway with Indian Railways.
• The merger, which has already received approval from the governments of
Karnataka, Goa, and Kerala, intends to alleviate Konkan Railway's budgetary
limitations, improve operational effectiveness, and facilitate the expansion of its
infrastructure.
• Even after the merger, Indian Railways will continue to operate under the name
Konkan Railway and will return more than Rs.394 crore that the Maharashtra
government contributed as a share when the Konkan Railway Corporation Limited
(KRCL) was established in 1990.
• Four states—Maharashtra (22%), Karnataka (15%), Goa, and Kerala (6% each)—and
the Ministry of Railways (51% interest) jointly own KRCL.
• Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, and Kerala are all connected by the 741-kilometer
beautiful Konkan Railway.
• On March 20, 1993, the Konkan Railway's first passenger train traveled between
Udupi and Mangalore.
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Ques: Amity University Online (AUO) signed an MoU with which sports body to offer
educational opportunities to players?
A. BCCI
B. Wrestling Federation of India
C. Hockey India
D. All India Football Federation
E. Indian Olympic Association
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Amity University Online (AUO) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with
Hockey India, based in New Delhi.
• The aim is to offer educational opportunities to international, national, and state-
level hockey players.
• Players like Salima Tete and Jyoti Singh were enrolled in Sociology and MBA
(Marketing) programs, respectively.
• Under the CHAMPS (Celebrating Heroes with Amity Merit Program Scholarships)
initiative, AUO will provide up to 100% scholarships for athletes.
• The MoU reflects a commitment to balancing sports and education for holistic
athlete development.
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Ques : which state launches Mahavistar App to support farmers ahead of the Kharif
season ?
A. Uttar Pradesh
B. Rajasthan
C. Tamil Nadu
D. Jharkhand
E. Maharashtra
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• The Mahavistar App was launched by the Maharashtra Government ahead of the
Kharif season to support farmers.
• It includes farming methods, crop-specific guidance, instructional videos, real-time
commodity prices, and an AI-powered chatbot.
• The initiative was discussed during a State-level Kharif season review meeting
chaired by Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis.
• Farmers are also encouraged to use Digital Sheti Shala and register seeds on the
SATHI portal to trace seed origins and combat fake seeds.
• The Kharif season typically runs from June to September in India.
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Ques: Which department has announced the sharing of “Financial Fraud Risk
Indicators (FRI)” to help combat cyber fraud?
A. Ministry of Finance
B. Ministry of Electronics and IT
C. Reserve Bank of India
D. Department of Telecommunications
E. National Payments Corporation of India
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has announced the sharing of
Financial Fraud Risk Indicators (FRI).
• FRI is a multi-dimensional analytical tool developed under the Digital Intelligence
Platform.
• It classifies mobile numbers into categories like Medium, High, or Very High risk of
financial fraud.
• The tool helps banks, NBFCs, and UPI service providers take proactive enforcement
actions and enhance fraud detection.
• It aims to empower financial institutions with advanced actionable intelligence to
mitigate cyber fraud.
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Ques: How many Kirti Chakras were conferred during the Defence Investiture
Ceremony 2025 (Phase-I), and who presented the awards?
A. 5 Kirti Chakras, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi
B. 4 Kirti Chakras, by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh
C. 6 Kirti Chakras, by President Droupadi Murmu
D. 7 Kirti Chakras, by Chief of Defence Staff
E. 3 Kirti Chakras, by Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• During the Defence Investiture Ceremony 2025 (Phase-I) at Rashtrapati Bhavan,
President Droupadi Murmu, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces,
conferred:
• 6 Kirti Chakras (India’s second-highest peacetime gallantry award) : 4 posthumously
and 2 to living personnel
• 33 Shaurya Chakras (7 posthumously)
• Notable posthumous recipients of Kirti Chakra include Col Manpreet Singh, Naik
Dilwar Khan, Rifleman Ravi Kumar, and DySP Himayun Muzzammil Bhat.
• Living awardees include Maj Malla Rama Gopal Naidu and Maj Manjit.
The gallantry award system includes:
• Wartime: Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, Vir Chakra
• Peacetime: Ashoka Chakra, Kirti Chakra, Shaurya Chakra
• Renamed in 1967 from Ashoka Chakra Classes I-III.
Ques: Which state launched the i-PRAGATI and Tera Tujhko Arpan portals to
enhance investigation transparency and expedite cybercrime refunds?
A. Rajasthan
B. Gujarat
C. Maharashtra
D. Uttar Pradesh
E. Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• i-PRAGATI (Investigation Progress Report through Automatically Generated
Accurate and Timely Information) was launched by the Gujarat Chief Minister
Bhupendra Patel and MoS Harsh Sanghavi.
• The portal automatically sends SMS updates to complainants during four stages of
investigation: FIR registration, panchnama, arrest of accused, and chargesheet filing.
• Tera Tujhko Arpan is aimed at expediting refunds for cybercrime victims through
Lok Adalats (People’s Courts).
• Both initiatives fall under the Home, Police Housing & Disaster Management
Department of Gujarat.
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Ques : Which state government introduce Rahveer Scheme for Accident Victims ?
A. Maharashtra
B. Gujarat
C. Rajasthan
D. Madhya Pradesh
E. Haryana
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The Rahveer Yojana, initiated by the Union Ministry of Road Transport and
Highways and implemented by Madhya Pradesh, aims to encourage Good Samaritans
to help road accident victims.
• Under the scheme, any citizen who transports an injured person to a hospital or
health centre within the “golden hour” (first one hour after the accident) is rewarded
with Rs.25,000.
• This reward was increased from Rs.5,000, showing the government’s commitment
to saving lives by promoting timely assistance.
Ques: National Aerospace Laboratories conducted pre-monsoon flight tests for its
indigenous High-Altitude Platform (HAP) prototype at which location?
A. Hyderabad
B. Bengaluru
C. Challakere, Karnataka
D. Pune
E. Visakhapatnam
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) successfully completed a series of pre-
monsoon flight tests for its indigenous High-Altitude Platform (HAP) prototype.
• The tests were conducted at the Aeronautical Test Range in Challakere, located in
Chitradurga district, Karnataka.
• A High-Altitude Platform (HAP) is an aerial system designed to operate in the
stratosphere (18–25 km altitude) for services such as surveillance, communication,
internet coverage, and environmental monitoring.
• These tests involved an upgraded certified pilot system developed by NAL.
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Ques: Which country has signed an agreement with Mauritius to transfer
sovereignty over the Chagos Islands while retaining control of the Diego Garcia
military base for 99 years?
A. United States
B. Australia
C. United Kingdom
D. France
E. Canada
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The United Kingdom signed an agreement to transfer sovereignty of the Chagos
Islands to Mauritius.
• However, it will retain control of the strategic military base on Diego Garcia for 99
years.
• Although Mauritius will have sovereignty, it won’t resettle any population on Diego
Garcia.
• The UK will pay Mauritius £101 million annually during this period.
• The military base will be accessible to Five Eyes alliance countries: Australia,
Canada, New Zealand, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Ques: When is Commonwealth Day celebrated in India?
A. 20 May
B. 21 May
C. 22 May
D. 23 May
E. 24 May
Answer: Option E
Explanation :
• Commonwealth Day is generally commemorated on the second Monday of March
globally.
• However, India and a few other countries celebrate it on 24th May to honour the
birthday of Queen Victoria, born on May 24, 1819.
• Originally known as Empire Day, it now honours the unity among 56 Commonwealth
nations committed to peace, democracy, and development.
• The theme for 2025 is “Together We Thrive.”
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Kerala has emerged as the first state in the country to make robotics education
mandatory for all 4.3 lakh students of class 10.
Singapore’s Singtel Sold 1.2% Stake in Bharti Airtel for Singapore Dollars (SGD) 2
billion (approximately USD 1.54 billion or Rs 13,182 crore). With this transaction,
Singtel's total shareholding in Bharti Airtel reduced to 28.3% from 29.5%.
The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC), under the Union Ministry of
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, celebrated World Bee Day 2025 under the
banner ‘Sweet Revolution Utsav’.
Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi has asked officials to include widowed
women under the 'Mukhya Mantri Kanya Vivah Yojana' (MMKVY). The State
Government has made a provision of ₹12 crore in the 2025-26 State Budget
Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) and Ministry of
Corporate Affairs (MCA), presided over the 16th Annual Day celebration of the
Competition Commission of India (CCI) in New Delhi.
Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) lifted its suspension on the
Congolese Football Federation (FECOFOOT), Republic of Congo (ROC).
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Ques: As per the RBI data released in May 2025, what was the total outward
remittance under the Liberalised Remittance Scheme (LRS) for FY 2024-25?
A. USD 31.24 billion
B. USD 27.89 billion
C. USD 29.56 billion
D. USD 26.42 billion
E. USD 32.10 billion
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Outward remittances under RBI’s Liberalised Remittance Scheme (LRS) for FY
2024–25 declined by 6.85% to USD 29.56 billion.
• Remittances in March 2025 rose 10.65% YoY to USD 2.55 billion.
• Major contributor to the overall decline was a 16% drop in remittances for foreign
education, from USD 3.48 billion (FY24) to USD 2.92 billion (FY25).
• International travel remittances fell marginally by 0.25% to USD 16.96 billion.
• Investment in overseas equity and debt increased by 12.51% to USD 1.699 billion.
About LRS Scheme :
• Launched : 2004
• Allowing all resident individuals to remit up to $250,000 per financial year outside
India for any permissible current or capital account transaction, or a combination of
both, free of charge
• Initial limit : $25,000
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Ques: Which district has designated Melastoma malabathricum (Athirani) as its
official flower along with other biodiversity symbols?
A. Wayanad
B. Idukki
C. Ernakulam
D. Kozhikode
E. Alappuzha
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Kozhikode district has officially designated several biodiversity symbols:
• Official flower: Melastoma malabathricum (Athirani)
• Official bird: Ceyx erithaca (Meniponman)
• Official butterfly: Pachliopta pandiyana (Malabar rose)
• Official tree: Hopea erosa (Theyyakam)
• Official heritage tree: Cycas circinalis (Eenthu)
• Official aquatic animal: Lutrogale perspicillata (Otter)
• Official fish: Pangio bhujia (Pathala Poontharakan)
• Official animal: Manis crassicaudata (Indian Pangolin)
Ques: Who among the following was placed in the ‘Trailblazers’ category in TIME
100 Most Influential People in Philanthropy 2025 list?
A. Azim Premji
B. Nikhil Kamath
C. Anand Giridharadas
D. Reeta Roy
E. Nita Ambani
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• TIME magazine released the inaugural edition of TIME 100 Most Influential People in
Philanthropy 2025.
• The list is divided into four categories: Titans, Leaders, Trailblazers, and Innovators.
• Nikhil Kamath, co-founder of Zerodha, was listed under the Trailblazers category.
• Mukesh Ambani, Nita Ambani, and Azim Premji were listed in the Titans category.
• Anand Giridharadas was placed in the Innovators category.
• Reeta Roy, Indian-origin Malaysian and CEO of Mastercard Foundation, was
included in the Leaders category.
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Ques: The Ministry of Ayush signed an agreement with which organization to
develop a Traditional Medicine Module under the International Classification of
Health Interventions (ICHI)?
A. United Nations
B. World Health Organization (WHO)
C. UNESCO
D. World Bank
E. International Monetary Fund
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The Ministry of Ayush signed an agreement with the World Health Organization
(WHO) to develop a Traditional Medicine Module under ICHI (International
Classification of Health Interventions).
• India contributed USD 3 million to support this initiative.
• The new module will codify interventions from Ayurveda, Yoga, Siddha, and Unani
(AYUSH) systems.
• It will complement WHO’s International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).
About World Health Organization :
• Established : 7 April 1948
• HQ : Geneva, Switzerland
• Director-General : Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Ques: Who has been appointed as India’s 37th men’s Test captain in 2025?
A. Rishabh Pant
B. KL Rahul
C. Jasprit Bumrah
D. Shubman Gill
E. Ravindra Jadeja
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Shubman Gill has been appointed as India’s 37th Test captain.
• He will lead an 18-member squad for the five-match Test series against England
starting June 20, 2025.
• Rishabh Pant has been named vice-captain, while B. Sai Sudharsan and Arshdeep
Singh received maiden Test call-ups.
• Jasprit Bumrah is expected to have workload management and may not play all
Tests.
• The selectors have focused on long-term leadership by choosing Gill over
experienced players like KL Rahul.
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Ques: Which organization is India submitting a dossier to, urging the re-listing of
Pakistan in the grey list for non-compliance with commitments on terror financing
and money laundering?
A. FATF
B. United Nations
C. INTERPOL
D. IMF
E. World Bank
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
• FATF stands for Financial Action Task Force, an intergovernmental watchdog
formed in 1989 during the G7 Summit in Paris.
• It sets and enforces global standards to combat money laundering, terror financing,
and the financing of weapons of mass destruction.
• Headquarters: Paris, France
• Membership: 40 members (38 jurisdictions + 2 regional bodies: Gulf Cooperation
Council and European Commission)
• India has been a full member since 2010.
FATF Lists:
• Grey List: Countries under increased monitoring (e.g., Pakistan from 2018–2022). It
affects foreign investments and the country's international standing.
• Black List: Countries with serious non-compliance (e.g., North Korea, Iran,
Myanmar).
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Q. What is the resolution of the new Bharat Forecast System (BFS)?
A. 12 km
B. 10 km
C. 6 km
D. 3 km
E. 1 km
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Bharat Forecast System (BFS) is developed by Indian Institute of Tropical
Meteorology (IITM), Pune.
• It provides a 6 km resolution, which is the highest resolution in the world for
weather forecasting.
• It replaces the older CFS system that had a 12 km resolution.
• Enabled by the supercomputer Arka, BFS runs the weather model in just 4 hours,
enhancing forecasting speed and accuracy—especially for cyclones and extreme
rainfall events.
• BFS will officially be operational starting this monsoon season (2025).
Ques: In 2025, which country's Accountability Authority was elected to the
Executive Board of the International Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities
(IAACA)?
A. India
B. United States
C. United Arab Emirates
D. China
E. United Kingdom
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The UAE Accountability Authority (UAEAA) was elected to the Executive Board of
the IAACA in 2025.
• The election took place during IAACA’s first council meeting of 2025, held in Abu
Dhabi.
• IAACA is an independent, non-political organization supporting the United Nations
Convention against Corruption (UNCAC).
• It was founded in 2006 in Beijing, China. The current President of IAACA is Danny
Y.M. Woo.
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Ques: How much central assistance has been approved for the Yamuna cleaning
project under AMRUT 2.0?
A. Rs.1,000 crore
B. Rs.804 crore
C. Rs.3,104 crore
D. Rs.800 crore
E. Rs.500 crore
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The Central Government has approved Rs.800 crore under the AMRUT 2.0 scheme
to support the Yamuna cleaning project in Delhi.
• The funds will be used to enhance sewer connections in slums and unauthorised
colonies, impacting about 35 lakh people.
• The project includes 13,000 new sewer connections in slums, 2.5 lakh in colonies,
and 40 DSTPs, forming part of a larger Rs.3,104 crore initiative.
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Ques: Where was the 1st edition of the Khelo India Beach Games (KIBG) 2025 held?
A. Goa
B. Kochi
C. Puducherry
D. Diu
E. Chennai
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Khelo India Beach Games (KIBG) 2025, India’s first national-level beach sports
event, was held in Diu, part of the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and
Daman and Diu (DNHDD).
• The event was organized by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (MYAS),
Government of India.
• Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya inaugurated the games on 19 May 2025 at
Ghoghla Beach, Diu, and attended the closing ceremony on 24 May 2025 at INS
Khukri Memorial.
• Six medal sports included : pencak silat, beach soccer, sepaktakraw, beach kabaddi,
beach volleyball, and open water swimming.
• Two demonstration sports: mallakhamb and tug of war.
• The mascot, Pearl the dolphin, symbolizes marine biodiversity, inspired by the
aquatic life of Nagoa Beach, Diu.
Ques: What is the name of the first community radio station launched in
Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand to serve border communities?
A. Radio Pahad
B. Uttarakhand Voice
C. Panchshul Pulse
D. Border Echo
E. Mountain Melody
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Panchshul Pulse is the first community radio station in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand,
launched to support and connect border communities.
• The initiative was launched by Lieutenant General Anindya Sengupta of the Indian
Army.
• It operates under the Vibrant Villages Programme of the Government of India,
promoting development in remote border regions.
• Its tagline, “Hill se Dil Tak”, signifies emotional and cultural connectivity.
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Q. By which year is India planning to achieve 51 GW of pumped storage hydropower
capacity?
A. 2027
B. 2030
C. 2032
D. 2035
E. 2040
Answer : Option C
Explanation :
• By 2032, India aims to develop 51.24 GW of pumped storage hydropower, as per the
Central Electricity Authority (CEA).
• Greenko (13 GW), Adani Green (14 GW), and JSW Energy (7.7 GW) will build about
two-thirds of this capacity.
• 57% of the capacity will be located in Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra.
• These projects will play a key role in grid balancing and integrating solar and wind
energy.
• Currently, India has less than 5 GW of installed pumped storage capacity, but
around 10 GW is under construction.
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Ques: What is the EPF interest rate approved by the Government of India for
FY2024-25?
A. 8.00%
B. 8.15%
C. 8.20%
D. 8.25%
E. 8.50%
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• The Central Board of Trustees of EPFO, in its 237th meeting, chaired by Union
Labour Minister Mansukh Mandaviya, decided to retain the EPF interest rate at 8.25%
for FY2024–25.
• The Finance Ministry has given formal approval for the same.
• This will benefit over 7 crore EPFO subscribers.
• Though unchanged, the 8.25% interest rate still offers better returns than most
fixed-income instruments, supporting retirement savings.
Ques: Who has been appointed as the 48th and youngest President of Ecuador in
2025?
A. Guillermo Lasso
B. María José Pinto
C. Daniel Noboa /
D. Rafael Correa
E. Lenin Moreno
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Daniel Noboa, representing the National Democratic Action (ADN) party, was
appointed as the 48th President of Ecuador.
• At 37 years old, he is the youngest President in the history of Ecuador.
• His presidential term is from 2025 to 2029.
• María José Pinto was appointed as the Vice President of Ecuador.
About Ecuador :
• Capital : Quito
• Currency : United States Dollar
• President : Daniel Noboa
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Ques: Which state launched the ‘One Family, One Entrepreneur’ policy to foster
entrepreneurship in every household?
A. Telangana
B. Karnataka
C. Gujarat
D. Andhra Pradesh
E. Odisha
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Andhra Pradesh launched the ‘One Family, One Entrepreneur’ policy to foster a
culture of entrepreneurship across all households.
• The policy promotes AI adoption and equips citizens with skills for the digital
economy.
• An innovation hub is set to be developed near Tirupati and Renigunta.
• Andhra Pradesh also became the first Indian state to offer governance through
WhatsApp under the Mana Mitra initiative in collaboration with Meta, offering 161
civil services in its first phase.
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Ques: Which annual sports event has been announced by the government to be held
in one of the eight Northeastern states every year?
A. National Youth Games
B. Khelo India Northeast Games
C. Bharat Sports Mahotsav
D. Northeast Sports Festival
E. Tribal Talent Hunt Games
Answer: Option B:
Explanation:
• The Khelo India Northeast Games will now be held annually in one of the eight
Northeastern states : Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram,
Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura.
• The announcement was made by Youth Affairs and Sports Minister Dr. Mansukh
Mandaviya during the Rising Northeast Investors Summit 2025 in New Delhi.
• This initiative builds on the region’s past success, such as hosting the Khelo India
University Games 2023 in Guwahati, Assam.
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Ques: Where was India’s first 9000 HP electric locomotive manufactured?
A. Kharagpur
B. Dahod
C. Varanasi
D. Visakhapatnam
E. Raipur
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi will inaugurate India’s first 9000 HP electric
locomotive on May 26 in Dahod, Gujarat.
• It is manufactured at a railway facility under a Rs.21,405 crore project which will
produce 1,200 locomotives over 10 years.
• These high-power engines can haul 4,600 tonnes and are equipped with air-
conditioning and toilets for the driver – a first for India.
• The average speed of the locomotive is 75 km/h, with maintenance facilities at
Kharagpur, Visakhapatnam, Raipur, and Pune.
• The project is expected to generate 10,000 jobs in Dahod.
• PM will also inaugurate additional railway and public infrastructure projects in
Dahod and Kutch worth over Rs.5,900 crore.
Ques: Where was Uttarakhand’s first dedicated Cycad Garden inaugurated to
conserve ancient and endangered cycad species?
A. Dehradun
B. Mussoorie
C. Ranikhet
D. Haldwani
E. Almora
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• The Uttarakhand Forest Department inaugurated the state’s first Cycad Garden in
Haldwani, located in Nainital district, Uttarakhand.
• The garden is established to conserve cycads, one of the world’s most ancient and
endangered plant groups, often called “living fossils”.
• Funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), the initiative
promotes conservation, research, and awareness.
• Spread over 0.75 hectares, the garden houses 31 cycad species, 17 of which are
threatened.
• 9 cycad species in the garden are native to India, including Cycas andamanica,
Cycas beddomei, Cycas zeylanica, Cycas pectinata, and Cycas circinalis.
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Ques: Which region’s fireworks industry has applied for a Geographical Indication
(GI) tag in India?
A. Moradabad
B. Sivakasi
C. Jaipur
D. Hyderabad
E. Varanasi
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• The century-old fireworks industry in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, has applied for a GI tag
under the manufactured goods category.
• The application was filed by Tamil Nadu Fireworks and Amorces Manufacturers
Association (TANFAMA).
• Sivakasi manufactures over 80% of India’s fireworks, with a market size of around
₹6,000 crore, growing annually at 10%.
• Its dry climate makes it ideal for firework production.
Ques: When is Africa Day celebrated annually?
A. 15 May
B. 25 May
C. 10 May
D. 30 May
E. 27 May
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Africa Day is celebrated annually on 25 May to mark the founding of the
Organization of African Unity (OAU) in 1963, now known as the African Union (AU).
• The 2025 theme is: “Revisiting Our History, Shaping Our Future”.
• The official celebration is held at the African Union headquarters in Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia.
African Union (AU):
• Founded : 2001 (launched 2002)
• Member countries : 55
• HQ : Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
• Replaced the Organisation of African Unity (OAU)
• It is a Part of G20 since 2023
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Indian shooter Kanak Budhwar won gold in the 10 metre air pistol at the ISSF Junior
World Cup in Suhl, Germany
Through the bank's branch network, Aditya Birla Sun Life Insurance Company Limited
(ABSLI) and Equitas Small Finance Bank Limited (ESFBL) have formed a strategic
alliance with the goal of increasing life insurance accessibility in India.
Aerpace Industries Limited has successfully tested India’s nextgeneration smart
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ecosystem under the aerShield initiative
Tottenham Hotspur beat Manchester United in the Europa League final at Athletic
Bilbao’s San Mames Stadium
Vivriti Asset Management (VAM) Secured USD 20 Million from Vienna (Austria)-based
Development Bank of Austria (OeEB) for its Vivriti India Retail Assets Fund (VIRAF),
bolstering the fund’s capital base to USD 165 million
Rakesh Gangwal, co-founder of IndiGo, is selling up to 13.2 million shares via a block
deal. The estimated value of this transaction is Rs.6,831 crore, with a floor price of
Rs.5,175 per share, which is 4.5% below the last closing price
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Ques: Which company recently received final SEBI approval to launch a mutual fund
business as a 50:50 joint venture between Jio Financial Services and BlackRock?
A. Reliance BlackRock AMC
B. Jio BlackRock AMC
C. BlackRock JFS AMC
D. Jio Mutual AMC
E. Reliance Financial AMC
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Jio BlackRock Asset Management (AMC) has received final approval from the
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to start its mutual fund business.
• It is a 50:50 joint venture between Jio Financial Services (JFS) and BlackRock.
• With this, the total number of players in India’s ₹70-trillion mutual fund industry
rises to 48.
• The company had earlier received in-principle approval from SEBI on 4 October
2024.
• Sid Swaminathan has been appointed as the Managing Director and CEO of the joint
venture.
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Q. Lake Manzala, recently in news for environmental changes due to dredging, is
located in which country?
A. Iran
B. Egypt
C. Turkey
D. Iraq
E. Saudi Arabia
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• Lake Manzala is a coastal lake located in northern Egypt, adjacent to the
Mediterranean Sea.
• Recent dredging activities have altered the lake’s salinity and nutrient levels,
impacting the local ecosystem, especially zooplankton communities.
• It serves as a natural barrier protecting coastal cities from flooding and is crucial for
biodiversity and fish production.
• In 2021, Lake Manzala contributed to 16% of Egypt’s natural fish output.
• However, the lake is now facing shrinking size and deteriorating water quality due to
human activity.
Ques: Which Indian institute was recently inducted into the HERITAGE Network, a
consortium of Indian and European technical institutions?
A. IIT Madras
B. NIT Trichy
C. NIT Calicut
D. IISc Bangalore
E. IIT Delhi
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• National Institute of Technology Calicut (NITC), located in Kozhikode, Kerala, has
been inducted into the HERITAGE Network (Higher Education and Research
Innovation Tie-ups for Academic Growth and Excellence).
• This network is a consortium of 30 premier Indian and European technical
institutions.
• The induction took place during the General Assembly of the Indian and European
Universities Consortium held at Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden) in
Germany
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Ques: The Ministry of MSME partnered with which foreign office for the Support for
Commercialisation of Intellectual Property (MSME-SCIP) programme?
A. US Patent and Trademark Office
B. European Patent Office
C. Danish Patent and Trademark Office
D. Japan Patent Office
E. UK Intellectual Property Office
Answer: Option C
Explanation :
• The Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) has partnered with
the Danish Patent and Trademark Office, Denmark, under the MSME-SCIP
programme.
• The aim is to support patents, trademarks, and technology license acquisition for
MSMEs.
• The Indian government will cover 70% of the registration and acquisition costs,
targeting 2,500 innovations in FY 2025–26.
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Ques: Who won the Formula One (F1) Monaco Grand Prix 2025 held in Monte Carlo?
A. Max Verstappen
B. Charles Leclerc
C. Lewis Hamilton
D. Lando Norris
E. Sergio Pérez
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• Lando Norris, a Formula One driver from the United Kingdom, representing the UK-
based McLaren team, won the F1 Monaco Grand Prix 2025.
• The race was held at the Circuit de Monaco in Monte Carlo, Monaco.
• This victory was Norris’s first-ever win at the Monaco GP and his second win of the
2025 F1 season.
• It was also a historic moment for McLaren, marking their first Monaco GP victory
since 2008.
Recent Grand Prix Winner 2025 :
• Australian Grand Prix : Lando Norris
• Miami Grand Prix : Oscar Piastri
• Chinese Grand Prix : Oscar Piastri
• Saudi Arabian Grand Prix : Oscar Piastri
• Japanese Grand Prix : Max Verstappen
• Emilia Romagna Grand Prix : Max Verstappen
• Bahrain Grand Prix : Oscar Piastri
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Ques : “Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat” campaign aims to eradicate child marriage in India
by which year ?
A. 2026
B. 2027
C. 2028
D. 2029
E. 2030
Answer : Option E
Explanation:
• The “Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat” campaign was launched by Union Minister for Women
and Child Development, Smt. Annapurna Devi on 27 November 2024 in New Delhi.
• The campaign aims to eradicate child marriage in India by 2030.
• As part of the campaign, the Child Marriage Free Bharat Portal was launched,
allowing citizens to report incidents, file complaints, and access legal information.
• District Collectors are the Nodal Officers and Child Marriage Prohibition Officers
(CMPOs) are appointed in every state.
• A petition to annul child marriage can be filed by the child or their guardian within 2
years of attaining majority (e.g., before the girl turns 20 if she was married before 18).
It strengthens the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 (PCMA), which:
• Replaced the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929.
• Sets legal marriage age at 21 for boys and 18 for girls.
• Declares child marriages illegal and punishable (up to 2 years in jail or ₹1 lakh fine or
both).
• Offences are cognizable and non-bailable.
Ques: Which countries collaborated with India for hosting the Second Blue Talks in
New Delhi ahead of the 3rd UN Ocean Conference (UNOC3)?
A. USA and UK
B. France and Costa Rica
C. Germany and Japan
D. Australia and Italy
E. Norway and Brazil
Answer: Option B
Explanation :
• The Ministry of Earth Sciences (India), in collaboration with the Embassy of France
and the Embassy of Costa Rica, hosted the Second Blue Talks in New Delhi.
• The event supports Sustainable Development Goal 14 (Life Below Water) by
promoting ocean conservation and sustainable use.
• It was conducted as a precursor to the 3rd United Nations Ocean Conference
(UNOC3), scheduled for 9–13 June 2025 in Nice, France, jointly organized by France
and Costa Rica.
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Ques: Which organization published the report titled "Designing a Policy for
Medium Enterprises"?
A. Reserve Bank of India
B. Ministry of MSME
C. NITI Aayog
D. Confederation of Indian Industry
E. Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The report titled "Designing a Policy for Medium Enterprises" was published by the
National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog).
• It was launched by Suman Berry, the Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog.
• The report highlights that the MSME sector contributes nearly 29% to India’s GDP,
40% to exports, and employs over 60% of the workforce.
However, the sector is heavily skewed:
• 97% of registered MSMEs are micro enterprises
• 7% are small enterprises
• Only 0.3% are medium enterprises,
• Yet this 0.3% contributes nearly 40% of MSME exports, indicating their scalability
and innovation potential.
To address these issues, the report outlines a comprehensive policy framework with
targeted interventions across six priority areas :
• Centralized Digital Portal : Creation of a dedicated sub-portal within the Udyam
platform featuring scheme discovery tools, compliance support, and AI-based
assistance to help enterprises navigate resources effectively.
• Tailored Financial Solutions : a Rs.5 crore credit card facility at market rates.
Ministry of MSME.
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• Technology Integration and Industry 4.0 : India SME 4.0 Competence Centers to
promote the adoption of Industry 4.0 solutions.
• Custom Skill Development : Alignment of skilling programmes with enterprise-
specific needs by region and sector.
• R&D Promotion Mechanism : Establishment of a dedicated R&D cell within the
• Cluster-Based Testing Infrastructure : Development of sector-focused testing and
certification facilities to ease compliance and enhance product quality.
The MSME classification was revised in Budget 2025–2026, with new thresholds for
investment and turnover:
Investment Limit (Old → New) and Turnover Limit (Old → New)
Medium Rs.50 crore → Rs.125 crore and Rs.250 crore → Rs.500 crore
Ques: Who is the author of the book “Test Cricket: A History”, which chronicles 150
years of Test cricket?
L
A. Gideon Haigh
B. Tim Wigmore
C. Rahul Bhattacharya
D. Mike Brearley
E. James Anderson
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Test Cricket: A History is authored by Tim Wigmore.
• The book provides a comprehensive account of 150 years of Test cricket history,
dating back to 1877.
• It captures the players, moments, and evolution of the format that has defined
international cricket for over a century.
• This is the first time such a complete narrative of Test cricket’s journey has been
presented in a single volume.
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Ques: What is the name of Google’s AI-first restructuring strategy unveiled at the
2025 I/O Developers Conference?
A. Project Neural Net
B. AI Nest
C. AI Matryoshka
D. Gemini Grid
E. IntelliStack
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• At the 2025 Google I/O Developers Conference, Google unveiled its AI-first
restructuring strategy called AI Matryoshka.
• The term “Matryoshka” refers to Russian nesting dolls, symbolizing a multi-layered
AI system.
• At the core lies Google’s advanced AI models, especially the Gemini 2.5 series,
which power a wide range of services—from developer APIs to consumer products
like Search and Gmail.
• The strategy aims to centralize AI capabilities and extend them through layered
applications, offering a more intelligent, integrated, and responsive user experience.
• This marks a shift toward AI as the foundational engine behind all Google platforms.
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Ques: Which country criticized former U.S. President Donald Trump's plan to
rename the Persian Gulf as a cultural attack?
A. Saudi Arabia
B. Iraq
C. Iran
D. Qatar
E. Kuwait
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Iran strongly condemned former U.S. President Donald Trump’s aborted proposal
to rename the Persian Gulf as the ‘Arabian Gulf’ or ‘Gulf of Arabia’, calling it a cultural
attack.
• The proposal reportedly emerged ahead of Trump’s visit to Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and
the UAE.
• The Persian Gulf is located in Western Asia, between the Arabian Peninsula and
southwestern Iran.
• It is bordered by Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman.
• Qeshm Island is the largest island in the Persian Gulf.
• The Strait of Hormuz is the only maritime outlet from the Persian Gulf into the Gulf
of Oman and the Indian Ocean.
• The Persian Gulf region produces nearly one-third of the world’s oil and holds over
half of global crude oil reserves and a significant portion of natural gas reserves.
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Ques: Which rare mineral found in Gujarat’s Kachchh region is being studied by
Indian researchers as a potential geological clock for Mars exploration?
A. Hematite
B. Jarosite
C. Magnetite
D. Gypsum
E. Goethite
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Indian researchers have studied Jarosite, a rare iron-potassium sulfate mineral,
found in the arid Kachchh region of Gujarat, for its potential to serve as a natural
geological clock in Mars exploration.
• Jarosite has the chemical formula KFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆ and is typically yellow-brown in
color.
• It contains potassium (K), ferric iron (Fe³⁺), and sulfate (SO₄).
• This mineral is of special interest because it has also been detected on Mars by
NASA’s rovers Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity, suggesting similar geochemical
processes may have occurred there
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Ques: What is the theme of the 9th Edition of the India Mobile Congress 2025
unveiled by Shri Jyotiraditya M. Scindia?
A. Digital India for All
B. Innovate to Transform
C. Connecting the Future
D. Telecom for Progress
E. Empowering Youth
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• Shri Jyotiraditya M. Scindia, Minister for Communications and Development of
North East Region, unveiled the theme “Innovate to Transform” for the 9th Edition of
the India Mobile Congress 2025.
• The event is scheduled to be held from 8th to 11th October 2025 at Yashobhoomi
Convention Centre, New Delhi.
• During the occasion, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) announced the
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Telecom Excellence Awards 2024, given to individuals
and organizations for outstanding contributions in Telecom Innovations, Skilling,
Services, Manufacturing, and Applications.
• Awardees included Mr. Parag Naik (Sankhya Labs), Niral Networks Private Limited,
Bengaluru, Lekha Wireless, Bengaluru, Prof. Chandra Ramabhadra Murthy (IISc
Bengaluru), and CDOT.
• Shri Scindia also launched the revamped ‘Sanchar Mitra Scheme’, transforming it
into a large-scale youth-driven movement to promote telecom awareness,
cybersecurity, and digital empowerment.
• The scheme mobilizes student volunteers as Sanchar Mitras to raise public
awareness about mobile safety, telecom fraud prevention, and government digital
initiatives.
• The scheme aligns with India’s leadership vision in the four Ds: Democracy,
Demography, Digitization, and Delivery.
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Ques: Where was India’s first Mahouts’ Village inaugurated by Tamil Nadu CM M.K.
Stalin?
A. Anamalai Tiger Reserve
B. Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary
C. Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve
D. Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
E. Bandipur National Park
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Tamil Nadu CM M.K. Stalin inaugurated India’s first Mahouts’ Village at Theppakadu
Elephant Camp, located in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Nilgiris district.
• The village includes 44 eco-friendly houses built at a cost of ₹5.6 crore, with lanes
and homes named after elephants.
• The Theppakadu Elephant Camp, established in 1917, is the oldest elephant camp in
Asia.
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Ques: Which country has India overtaken to become the world’s fourth-largest
economy as per market price GDP?
A. Germany
B. United Kingdom
C. France
D. Japan
E. Canada
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
• India has overtaken Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy, with a
GDP at market price of $4.187 trillion, compared to Japan’s $4.186 trillion.
• This information was shared by NITI Aayog CEO BVR Subrahmanyam after the 10th
NITI Aayog Governing Council meeting held in New Delhi.
• The International Monetary Fund (IMF), in its World Economic Outlook (April 2025),
had predicted that India would surpass Japan in 2025 and Germany by 2028 to
become the third-largest economy.
• However, there is a notable gap in per capita income, with Japan at $33,960 and
India at $2,880.
• The Indian economy is predicted by the IMF to expand by 6.2% in 2025–2026 and
6.3% in 2026–2027, respectively.
• As the world's fastest-growing major economy, India is predicted by the IMF to have
a gross domestic product (GDP) of $5.58 trillion at market value by 2028, while
Germany's GDP is predicted to reach $5.25 trillion by the same year.
• As a result, India is predicted to surpass Germany in 2028 and take the third-largest
spot globally.
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Ques: What is the name of the new mascot unveiled by NLC India Limited on its 69th
Raising Day?
A. Ligno
B. Neyon
C. Shakti
D. N-Lion
E. Veeron
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• NLC India Limited (NLCIL) celebrated its 69th Raising Day with multiple key
announcements.
• The company unveiled its new mascot named ‘Neyon’, a lion symbolizing power and
progress.
• A book titled ‘The Guiding Light – NLCIL Ethics Book’ was released during the event.
• NLCIL also set an ambitious target to increase lignite production to over 100 million
tonnes by 2030, a significant rise from the current 44 million tonnes.
About NLC India Limited :
• Established : 1956
• HQ : Neyveli, Tamil Nadu
• CMD : Prasanna Kumar Motupalli
Ques: Where was the 15th BRICS Trade Ministers’ Meeting held under the
presidency of Brazil?
A. India
B. Russia
C. Brazil
D. China
E. South Africa
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• The 15th BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) Trade Ministers’
Meeting was held in Brazil under the presidency of Brazil.
• The theme of the meeting was “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for More
Inclusive and Sustainable Governance.”
• During the meeting, India proposed the “30 for 30” initiative, aiming to introduce 30
reforms to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the World Trade Organization
(WTO) in 2025.
• India also hosted a Virtual Capacity Building Session on Digital Transformation for
BRICS nations, organized by the Department of Telecommunications through the
National Communications Academy – Technology (NCA-T), Ghaziabad.
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Ques: At which tournament did Novak Djokovic win his 100th career singles title?
A. Wimbledon
B. Australian Open
C. US Open
D. Geneva Open
E. French Open
Answer: Option D
Explanation :
• Novak Djokovic secured his 100th career singles title at the Geneva Open, joining
the elite group of male tennis players with 100 or more titles.
• Other players in this club include Jimmy Connors (109 titles) and Roger Federer
(103 titles).
• Djokovic also became the first man in the Open Era to win a singles title in 20
different seasons, marking his enduring dominance in the sport.
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Ques: Who was awarded the prestigious Raja Ramanna Chair by the Department of
Atomic Energy in 2025?
A. Tessy Thomas
B. Ritu Karidhal
C. Manorama Sunkara Vardhireddy
D. Soumya Swaminathan
E. Gagandeep Kang
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
• Dr. Manorama Sunkara Vardhireddy, former Chief Scientist at CSIR-Indian Institute
of Chemical Technology (IICT), has been awarded the Raja Ramanna Chair (RRC) by
the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) for a period of three years.
• She is widely recognized for her significant contributions to materials science,
especially in the areas of chemical sensors and nanostructured materials.
• The Raja Ramanna Chair is a prestigious scientific honor granted by DAE to eminent
scientists in fields such as nuclear science, materials science, and defense research.
• The Chair is named after Dr. Raja Ramanna, a distinguished Indian physicist known
for his key role in India’s first nuclear test (Pokhran-I, 1974) and his leadership as
Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission.
• He was honored with the Padma Shri (1968), Padma Bhushan (1973), and Padma
Vibhushan (1975).
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Ques: Which company successfully fired India’s first electric motor-driven semi-
cryogenic engine?
A. ISRO
B. AgniKul Cosmos
C. DRDO
D. Skyroot Aerospace
E. Antrix Corporation
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
• AgniKul Cosmos Private Limited successfully fired India’s first electric motor-driven
semi-cryogenic engine, which will power its upcoming Agnibaan launch vehicle.
• This marks the first-ever development and testing of such an engine in India.
• The engine components were 3D-printed and assembled at AgniKul’s Rocket
Factory – 1 located at IIT Madras Research Park.
• A semi-cryogenic engine uses a combination of Liquid Oxygen (LOX) as a cryogenic
oxidizer and RP-1 (a refined kerosene) as a room-temperature hydrocarbon fuel.
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Ques: Which renowned Sri Lankan actress, known as the “Queen of Sri Lankan
Cinema,” passed away at the age of 78?
A. Malini Fonseka
B. Anoja Weerasinghe
C. Swarna Mallawarachchi
D. Geetha Kumarasinghe
E. Nita Fernando
Answer: Option A:
Explanation:
• Malini Snehelatha Fonseka, popularly known as the “Queen of Sri Lankan Cinema,”
passed away at the age of 78.
• She was a renowned film actor and also served as a member of the Sri Lankan
Parliament.
• Over her career, she starred in nearly 150 films.
• In 2010, she was named by CNN among Asia’s 25 Greatest Film Actors of All Time
for her remarkable contribution to South Asian cinema.
At the Asian Athletics Association (AAA) Congress, Adille J. Sumariwalla, the vice
president of World Athletics and a former president of the Athletics Federation of
India, received the Asian Athletics Leadership Gold Pin.
The Nagshankar Temple, located in Biswanath district of Assam, has been designated
as a model temple for turtle conservation on World Turtle Day. The initiative was
acknowledged by MLA Padma Hazarika
Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has decided to extend the due date for filing
returns. it has been decided that the due date for filing of ITRs, originally due on 31st
July, 2025, is extended to 15th September, 2025.
Samtel Avionics Limited and Aerospace Technology Systems Corporation.Sdn.Bhd.
(ATSC), based in Kuantan, Malaysia, have teamed together to serve the Royal
Malaysian Air Force's (RMAF) fleet, particularly the Su30MKM aircraft.
Neeraj Chopra Appointed as Brand ambassador of Mumbai (Maharashtra) based Audi
India
Nicusor Dan Appointed as President of Romania for 5 year term. Bucharest is the
Capital of Romania and Currency is Leu
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IMPORTANT ONE – LINER Current Affairs
