The Day of Atonement and its Evaluation in the Epistle to the Hebrews PDF Free Download
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Bachelor of Divinity Concordia Seminary Scholarship
5-31-1940
The Day of Atonement and its Evaluation in the Epistle to the The Day of Atonement and its Evaluation in the Epistle to the
Hebrews Hebrews
Theodore Stolp
Concordia Seminary, St. Louis
, ir_stolpt@csl.edu
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/bdiv
Part of the Biblical Studies Commons
Recommended Citation Recommended Citation
Stolp, Theodore, "The Day of Atonement and its Evaluation in the Epistle to the Hebrews" (1940).
Bachelor
of Divinity
. 48.
https://scholar.csl.edu/bdiv/48
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seitzw@csl.edu.
DAY
QF
A.
T O U E
i:.I
E N T
J\.ND
I. T S
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31
1
l~l/-0.
II.
I.
II.
TA
DLE
OF
OO
lJ
TEH
TS
-,--
1?
I
QUE
!i
E
SS
THE R
IT
UAL o~ T
HE
DAY
· Tho Annual ObseI'V'ance
The Sp
eci
al R
ites
G
eneral
Preparations
P
relimin
a
ry
A
rrange
m
ent
or
the
A
ni
ma
ls
The Terra II A
zazel
11
The A
tone
mem;
in
the
Ho
ly
or
H
oli
es
T
he
A
tone
m
ent
in
the
H
oly
Pl
a
ce
The A
ton
em
ent
at
the
Altar
in
the
Court
The R
it
e of the
Livin
g Goat
Oon
cludi
ne;
Rites
for
the
Day
TH
E
SI
GN
IFI
CA
NCE
· O
nl
y
the
H
igh
Priest
Offici
a
tes
Th
e
!I
oly
of
Holies
Ent
_
ered
The Ba
th
'
l'
he
Lin
en
Garm
e
nts
The
Inc
ens
e
.•=Fi
rs
t
!'or
Ili a Own
Person
"
'l
"h.e
B
lo
od
T
he
Two
fo
l d
mu
mer
or
Sp
rinklin
g
i'he Di
spo
sa
l
of
the
8arc
ass
es
Th
e Ri t e
or
the
"Sca
na
Goat''
'l.
1he
B
urnt
Offerin
g s •
The Fa
st
an
d
Sabbath
Rest
M
irror
or
Sin
A M
irr
or
of
Gr a
ce
h P
ict
ur
e
of
Limit
a
tions
A Pr
om
is
e
of
Gr
eater
Thin
gs t o
Co
me
IV.
I~S
liVAL
UAT
I OM I U T
HE
EPISTLE TO
THE
HE
B
RE\
':/
S
li.
Hi
gh
Es
timate
In
su
fficient
B
ec
a
use
of
lfa
ture
of H
:l:
gh P
ri
e
st
Ins
uff
ici
e
nt
Beca
use
of
l!
at
u
re
of
Sacrifice
Insu
ff
ici
e
nt
B
ec
ause
or
Place
\
\!
he
r e R
ite
~.
"a
s
Performed
In
s
ufficient
ueoa
use
B-rt
of a Covena
nt
of
Shndows
Th
i s
!n
s
uf'fioiency
..
Ho:a
..
'c
'lllathout
Design
on
God
1 s
Pa
rt
Its
Virtue
D
erived
fro
m
the
,
or
lc
-of
Christ
C
hap
ter
13,
10-12
Oo
nolu.din
6
Rem
ar lcs
'lHE
'fJ/\Y
OF
A
TOND:iA1TT
. ND I T:s
EVA
T.,
U T
I0
1
1
! I U
THE
El
'
ISTLE
mo
THI~
HEBRE
WS
Am
o
ng
the
days
app
ointed
by
God
for
the
"ld
Tes
1a
a.r-1
ent
1·a
1t
hf ttl
on
e occl.tp
ie
s a
unique
positi
o
n.
A
lt
hou
. h
not
in-
cl
uded
in
1.he
th
r
ee
11
~r
ea
t I
festiv
a
ls
of
the
Je
x,
ish
Ch
ur
.h
,
it.
iz
ri
o
un
i
que
tha
t
in
Je\
·
1ish
litor
at
ur e
it
is
o1'ten
ce
lled
simp
l y ,
The
Day.
Ede1'sheim
ca
lls
it
"
tho
day
i n
· . .,h
ich
the
Ol
rl
Ten
tame
nt
p
rovioions
f
or
pa
l'
do
n a
nd
a
cce
pt a
nce
a
tt
a
inod
, so
to
speo.lc,
its
climax
' (
T'.ne
Tem
!)
le
etc.,
p .
303).
Th
is
d y, .
·o
i mp
ort
i-.nt
that
'T
he
Ta
lmud
de
votes
to
it
a
spec i ~l
tr
act a
te
1
(i
b
id.
p .
304).,
was
th
e
~nn
URl
Dsy
or
A
tone-
11
1en
t.,
ITS
UN
I
'i
UE
HE
SS
ever:i
l
circ
um
s'cances
point
to
the
uniquene
ss
and i
n1
-
p
ort
anc
e
of
·c
his
ds.y
in
the
Uld
Tes
ta
ment
ec
onomy.
One
is
its
p
ositio
n
in
the
H
ebre,
·,
ca
len
dt\l" • y d
ivi
ne
ap
noi
nt
-
ment i t
occu
rr
ed
in
1.he
se
vent
h
mo
nth,
Ti
:mr
i,
,a1en
the
(
sy.n1bo
lic
a
l)
Sabb
a
th
of
n1
ont
hs
had
a ~
tained
t o
it
s
co
m
plete-
ne
ss
,
emphas
ize
d a s a
sacred
mo
nt
h by
the
sp
eci
al
or
d
in
a
nce
·
lb
f'
the
B
lo
¥
1in
of
Trur11
p
ots
f or 1
ts
nor,
moo
n.
The
Day
of
.
A
tone
me
nt
WR
S
appo
inted
to
preced
e
the
annual
Fe
ast
of
Ta
ber-
na
cle
s ,
cele
brated
on
f.h.o
1
5th
of
T1
shr
1.
~"h
is
mo
nth
n
lso
ma
rke
d
the
be
g
1n
n
1m
s
of
the
civil
year
. S
econdl~
F,
the
Day
o.
f:
At
oneme
nt
w
as
the
day
a.pp
ointed
f'or
the
!)r
ocl
nme.ti on
of
I .
I •
pa
ge 2
the
Year
ot
Jubilee,
Lev.
25, 9. Th
irdly,
this
is
the
only
•
day
tor
,i1.1ch God
co
mm
anded
a
tast
and
co::iplete
cessation
ot
,
uork.
'1.'heretoro,
it
\'10.0 ltnomi
also
mno
~
Je
ws
simply
as
"The
Fast
11
--so
may
be
referred
to
in
Acts
27, 9.
Fourth,
the
position
ne
signed
its
ordinances
m.thin
the
sacred
record.
Lev.
16,
l
8110
,
,e
th
at
tlle
instr
u
ctions
concerning
this
d
ay
u
ere
11.rst
an
nounce
cl
in
connection
rr1
th
the h1
stor1cal
event
r e
cor
ded
Lev.
10.
Yet t
he
~,
are
not
r e
co
rd
ed th
ere,
but l a
ter,
as
t
he
co
ncl
u
sion
anci
oulm1no.t1ng
fe
atu
re
or
thnt
entire
sec-
tio
11
of t
he
J3
oo
lt
of
Le
vi
t1cus
ril
11ch no:9ene
cl
up
to
the
y
eople
or I
s:ro.
el
the
way
ot
o.
cceas
to
the
throne
of
grace"
(Ke11)--
tho i ns
tit
u
ti
on
of
s
cr1flc1
a1
ofr
e
rin
Bs , or c
on
secrnted
pr
i eat s ,
of
.9
ro
vi
s
icns
ror
a
voidi
ng
and r
e:ii
ov
1
ng
defile
m
ents,
c
hap
t e
rs
one
to
16.
S
til
l m
or
e do
es
th
e un
iquene
ss and i
mp
ortance
of
th
e
D
ny
ot A
to
nem
ent
s
ta
nd
out,
as
we
re
vie
-:
the
ord1.n
e.
nc
es
of
t
he
da
y,
and
as
we con
si
c-l
or
the
evo.lu
P.
tlon
of
1
ts
fe
a
tures
in
t he
Ep
i s
tle
to
tlle
H
ebre
,
1s.
Such
revie
r,
an
d o
on
si
·
er
a
tion
i s t ho
pur~
o
se
of
t hi s e
ss
ay.
T
ilS
RITUAL
OF THE
DAY
'l
'hr
ee
!J
Orti
o
ns
of
the
Pe11tateuch
e;1.ve
the
o
rd
i
nn.
nces
Go
el
:!.p
poi
nte
n
ror
the
lay
.
of
J\
to
ne
:11
e11t. 'i'he~
.r
are
Le
vi
t1c
tts
16
and
2:; , 2
6-
32,
an
d Nu
r.tb
ers
2
9,
7-11. The l
tt
er
t
\"T
o p
ol'-
t1
ons c
11n
be
st
b~
co
n~,
de
r
.d
i n conne
ot1o
n ·11 t ~1
t.,
e
vi
t 1 c
u.
s 16
•1 t
•:,Li
ch
•:1e
are
o 11e
fl
y c
on
cern
ed
. Tn
1s
c
hap
t er d
ivi
d
es
na
t ur
ally
1
nt
o t
,10
m rl.n e
ctions,
I .
ve
r
se
s
l-
2S
t,hi
ch i,i ve
1
nntru
ct1.ons f
or
t
he
r1t
al
of
th
e
an.v
; and , I
I.
vers
es
. ,
page
3
29
-34,
•1ll
ic
h or<l
nl
n the
rumual
obs
e
1v
nee
of
the
d~1.
. 11e
rn
1Ght el so
sn~,
t
ha
t the
first
section
g1
ves
t he
instructio
ns
to
b~
ob
ser
-v
eri
by
the
h1ghp
r1est;
the
second,
the
1n
a
truc-
t1o
ns
to
t
he
..
,h
ole
people.
rte t
li
erefora
t a.ke u~
the
sec
ond
sectio
n,
v.
29-3~
first.
THE AtlNUiU,
OBs
gR
VAMCE
Lev.
l 6,
29-
34-
reo.ds:
n A
nd
th1
s
shall
be
a
statute
forever
unt
o yo
u:
that
in
the
seventh
m
ont
l1, on
the
tenth
day
of
the
month,
ye
shall
afflict
your
souls,
and
do no w
ork
at
all,
,-.i1ether
it
be
one
of
y
:l
ur
o ·m
cou
ntry,
or
n stra11ger
that
soJourneth
e.mong
you: F
or
on
t
hat
day s 1a
ll
the
priest
make
an
atonement
for
you,
to
cle
an
se y
ou
, t
hn.
t
ye
may
be
clean
from
all
your
c
ins
before
~,
he
Lo
rd.
It
shall
be
a
sabbath
or
r e
st
unto
you,
.nd
ye
s
hal
l
af
f
lict
your s
oul
s ,
by
a s
tatute
for
ev
e
r.
A
nd
the
..
r1
est
, ·.
•,hom
hA
shall
:iu
o1nt,
a.ml
;:
:"!om
ha
sh"'ll
co
:i.se
crate
t o
:ni1
1st
O!
'
ln
t he
9r
1
st•
o f'f1 c~
in
h
is
!'o.ther• s
st
ead
,
sht•
l l m .
lte
t
.e
n.
t o
nemmt,
nnd
s
ha
ll
pu
t
..
11
the
linen
cl
ct
:1
es 1
ev
en
th
e h
oly
:,n
rmont s:
t,1
.tl he
sh
~
ul
mnl-.e
an
atoue
c1ent
for
th e
ho
l:-
9
::,
,
nc
~
1.m
.r ·,, , nd
ll
e
nh
t..
tl
l
mn.
~a m
a.
t
ene
me
nt
for
the
t {1
ber
n:.•
.c
lc
o
t:1
e conli-of
at1
on ;
and
for
the
c.u
t·
.r,
m1d
.e
sh:lll
m n • e
llil
,
1t
o
ne
1 e1: t
i'or
tile
p
r!
est s ,
and
for
al
l t he
peop
le
of
t
he
coug
re
ga.
t
ion.
J\n
d t h
is
-
.al
l
be
$\
D
ev
e
rlast-
i ~
ste.t
ue unt o
you,
t o
m:!!i
e an
atonement
f
or
tile ch
ildr
en
of
Isr
ael
:for
o.11
t
:1e
ir
sins
on
ce
•
ye
a
r.
Ar:d
e
di
d ~6
the
J..
orrl
c
om
,
.t2
.rnied
.oses
.
1'1lesa r10rcls r e
.ise
t
he
observance
of
th
e de.y
to
a
er-
~
etu
el o
rdi
n
r.
mce,
(vs.
29, 3.
l,
j
ij.
),
to
be
observed
on
ce
page 4
eveey
year
(v.
34-),
throu
,.h
out
Isr
ael
•s
national
existence
t:.s
the
ch
osen
9eople
or
tha
T..or
rl
. They
set
thA
da.te
tor
the
10th
dn;
cf
t1.e
seventh
Mo
nth.
Thf)Y ope
cl~
t
th
at
t h
is
d.a,y
is
to
be
11
a s ~
bb~th
ct
se.bbaths"
(v.
31)
obser'l.•e,i
by
••nc
wo
rl
· at-
all"
(v.
29),
Md
strict
ta.st
o.nd
.9
er.1 te11t1 .l ohnervan
ce
anu
t
h~
t
alao
s
tran
ge
rs
and
sojoume
r s a
re
to
c
onp
ly
,1th
tilese.
1'hey
de
cr
ee
th
at 0111:1
the
h1
ghp
rieet
nho
has
been
nnoi11tecl
a11d
c
on
se
crat
ed
sh:ill
perform
the
r1
tos
of
t
he
dey
(v.
32)
0.11d
su
:-
er1ze
in
brle:!'
t he
pur
p
ose
nnd s1g
n1i'1cance
of
t
he
day
ant1 1
tG
.
;p
ec1nl
r1
tes
(v.
30
, 33). T:.ese o
ro-
..
visions
ni•e r ep
eateu
1~
cn:ip
ter
2J,
26-33 (
•.,
,he.
r e
the
posi-
ti
011
of
thi
s r'isy
in
the
processic11
or
se
.cred
d~;s
is
!'1xe
rl
)
an
c~
e
11p
has
1z
ed
by
the
th
re
t of'
11
be1n
g
cttt
off
rro
m a~:iong
h1
s p
eop
le"
for
t
:.
!e
so
ul t
h.at
feils
to
ob
ser~ie
the
m. The
on
ly
d
c11
tio
nP
.l
fon.ture
is
t
1.e
spec1:f'1c tJ:on
of
t
he
1"2.st
as
11
fro
:1
! eve
nt
.:>
ovo:1.1
11
•
m.u
.1
bers
29,
7-ll
sµ
ncif10
s
th
.t
thi s
...,.
d~
.
c;
,1,.
_l
h:ive
:,.
r-
ci
nl
se
t
of
~estal
sttcri
fices,
s
't
nee
1 t
•:
o.
a s
9ec1'\l
~~b
ti
:it
l
and
ccu
1"
r
ln
B d
r!
DB
t·
e
11
sahbati
cal
11
}
I
f,o
va t i •
ri
nt•.. ; ,
11
-:;
·
is
or
cH.
n
c-.n
ce
o:!e
m
st
c
·n
cl
de
that
/
th
r:lo
11
e"~s
o_ 0a
crl
i'
ice
s •,e
re
oira
rec'l
on
t:.1e
Day
cf
.tone-
: ..
en
t:
l ) t· o ••c
c.n
t,
1
:.
nu.
11
ra
or
n1.n
e;
and
eveni
nB se.c
"1tl
ce
'\
( •' • •' ~,
3c
l:-
2; ·u:
.i
.
28
,
3-
g)
; ( 2)
the
s ..
eci
al
fa
c
tal
sac-
rifice
of'
"on
e .
oun
6
bullocjt,
one
rn..
Yl'l
,
an
d
seven
l a
ba
of
the
first
ye•
,1r
••••••
a.ml
t h.
eir
meet
o:f'
t
'erln
3
•••.••
one
l:
i d
of
1
t.e
go
o.ts
f
or
a.
si n oi':f'e
r1
nc
11
;
und
,
(3)
the
e~q
>i
atory
sa.
c-
r1:r1ces
or
at
o
ne
men
t.
'l'!1
1 s •
a.d
e a
tot
al
of
15
an1nnls
. By
ancl.og
:v.
· e
··,
ou
ld
e,
mclu
<'
e Ill.so
thv.t
-~dnrsho1 1 s c
or
r e
ct
('re o
le
• t
etc.
, p. 307)
th".t
1f'
the
YoM
JC1.9:9ur
f'ell
on
a
S
ai>
'ba.th , t
he
11 t
he
sabha.t1. st
-l
crtficos
nere
also
arlcl
ed.
TH£ SPE
CIAT.,
lUT
.e:s s
uch
v,ere t he
general
ordinances
of'
the
·
dcy
'
ci'
Atonement.
l!ow
as
to
the
spoo1f'1c
pro-
vi
siona
con
ce
rni
ng
the
specific
ex
pi a
tory
rit
es
ot
atone-
l!
1e
nt.
T"
1e
so
~
.re
iven
in
Lev.
16,
l-2S,
of'
:1alch
ve
rses
1 e.n
cl
2 a1,o or
an
1.ntroductol""J n
atu
r e.
Connecti
ng
1."11
th tl1e
death
or
la.
dab
P
..
nd
Ab
1hu,
A
aron•s
sons,
tor
their
p
resum
p-
tuous
tte;
1p
t a.t
non
-o
rdained
s:i
crifice
(Ch.
10),
the
h16 -
. .
p
riest
1s ··orbicl
de
n
entry
"into
the
holy
pl a
ce
rd
thin
the
Vail
l>ei'ore
the
mercy
aes.t ,
·:r
h
ich
is
up
on
t
he
a
r~",
exc
ept
t-.1
i t he
one
t1
1_e
(v
a. 2
:f'
:C.)
and
manner
(v.
3r:r.) appointee!.
ll0
\'
1.
(l)
The r e.s
on
r
or
t!
1
ls
p
ro
h
ibition
is
t!1,.t
ent~
there
i s
equ
::t
l t o
II
a
p!:,
roach
t o t
he
holineso
of
t
hP.
all
-h
o
l;
r Ood"
(
1C
c11).
Co
d sa~:s , l et
Aaron
not
c me
at
a.11
ti
n
es
into
the
'
holy
.:=,
l ace , e
tc.,
''for
I
':1111
-
ppe
11
.r
1n
t·_e
clo
ud
up
on
t.
_e
:a.!
ta
(l):
•~·ti s r
1:1
fer.e11ce
to
tho deP
.t
!1
of
Aaron' s so
ns
1s
at
ti
.. o.
cite
d aG s.1
0·
.tJ
in
:,
~
=•
:n
i s-p.~ac
ef.J
on
t
II
of
t'1i
s c
...-"I
_
ter.
; ,c
'"C
V
:r•
, a: a
'll,
t
fro
~ the
vi
o
ent
arra..
"lge':le
nt
of
t .1e char; t
(u
•s
1-16
t o
·:
r-
va t 1 s
rite
o a
tone
:n
ent
cli
max
al
l t
ile
oe
orcU-
1
1.a
nce
, t
r,
e posit101:i
of
t
'1
is
c'h
o.p
t
er
1s
al:Jo
dete?
.11netl
by
·
,a1e
c
on
t
e:
·t.
verse
31 o
f'
t he
pr
e
ce
dii,
1g
c
apt
er
states
~
ha
t
t
he
tmcleru111e
!:ls
of
t ho ch
ildren
o'l
I sr a
el
"
..
efile
ray
t
ao
er-
ne.
c
le
t:t
r.
t
is
u
:-
!Ong t
llm:.1
11
• And.
'the
cle
ansin
g
of
thi
s
~e
-
:f'1le
ra
ent
1s
p
rovide,\
1"01"
111.
the
ut
oni
nG
r1tu
2.
l.
--
I
G
"U
,:n.4L Plll::?t.nATIOHS
FOR
i'H
E •
!I
t
1IST:RA'l'
IOM
BY
'l'HE HI
Qt
IU
.
~S
T
PD80 6
Verses
3
to
5
first
atnte
t'"1e g
ener-
'11
prop~ations
t1
1e
h1ghpr1.est
1s
to
ake.
! o 1 o
to
provide
himself
':11t
h
certain
anir
11:al
s,
v1
z. ,
·.
,i.lih
"a
youn
bulloclt
ror
a
s1n-of'ferin
g
an
d ,a r
am
for
a
bur
11
t o
i'fo
r1n
g''
(v.
3),
and
with
a
saoond
set
or
animals
.
t
al
ten
"o
f t
lle
con
gr
egationn,
v1
z.
,
nt710
l:
1ds
ot
the
goats
(
CJ,
?
,!!
• J
..
¥-'f
,
he-goats,
bucks
ot
the
r3oats)
for
a
s1n-
o
.1'fe
r1
ng
, end
0110
ra
tor
a
burnt-of'f'er1ng"
(v.
5).
S
ince
I
the
s
eco
nd
se
t
or
a
ni
m
al
s
1s
ex
p
res
s
ly
to
be
provided
by
qthe
con re "ation•• ,
1.
e.
,
out
of
the
co~ll11011
treasury,
no
doubt
the
fir
st
set
we.
a
to
be
provided
out
of
the
perso
n
al
means
of
the
h1
(3
hp
r!
oo
t.
'l'
h e
il1
t;
hpr1oat
1s
also
comma
nded
to
l3Y
aside
the
el
abor:i
te
"
&"O
lden
fiEXr1t1
onts
11
,
the
usuel
robes
of
his
oi"
i'
lce.
He
is
to
b2
.t
he h1 s bo;i
...
, 1
"l
W.!l-1)
J1
0
"~
.:l Y n
'"')
--n
ot
'4J
Tl
• • -
..
T
m
erely
his
h:?Jl
c.'ls
end
h
is
1'eet
as
ho
did
for
1;he
ordinary
ser-
-
vice.
He
is
to
pu
t
0J
1 on
all-~m1te
costu
m
e,
--body-co
a
t,
clrar
,er s , g
lrdle,
m1
d hee.d.-dI'eos,
all
mr.de
01'
linen,
7
~
,
ca
lle
d
11
11
0
1~
· gn.rmen
te
11
• T'1
1s
is
not
t he ord1nni-,,•
priest's
,
1re
s . , s t hat :
11
not
a
·,
i-i
1
te
but a
colored
r,
irdle.
Yet
the
'
I
ne1 t u
rn
.• n
or
11
.1
!
tre
''.
P -, ,I ~IJJ
Air.!
/iRr. / G .• ::~O'l'S
OF'
T;
:~
/, a '/
.\
L$
The
uso
to
which
t•
1e
specified
an1malo are
to
be
put
is
st
."
:te
d
111
anera.l
i n ver
se
s
6-10.
The
bulloc
lt
of
the
first
sot
ot
::-
.ni
m
a!.s,
1s
t
\l
be
11
ori'erad
11
by
the
hi
g
ht
p
riest
11
an
d
mal:.
o
~
:1tonem
e11t
f'or
himself,
an
d
for
h
is
houae·•.
By
cc
!:!.
.
arlson
with
t he
instructio
ns
tor
saor11'ic1
Rl
o.!.'
f
eri
n s
1n
c
ha9
ter
l,
I
p
ag
e 7
t
hi
s
me
a1
1s t hat t
he
bu
llo
ol· h ad t o b0 l
ed
(
el
th
er by
th
e
hi
13
h9
rle
st
per
son
a
lly
or
by
his
azs1
st~
11t
s ) up t o t
he
altar
of
bu
r n
t-
of
i"
er1
11
g (
n:
x. l
k)
, 6) \i'le
:re
all
t he
of'ferl
11B
s
rr
ere
t o be
:;>
resen
t e
rl
(1
.ev.
17,
S.
9)
11
0n t he
side
of
t
he
al
tar
a~
or
t
hw:-t
rd
11
(
J.,
ev. 1
.,
11,
op •.
,,
2.
f!i
. 13
etc.),
anc th
en
l e~
1
ng
·:11
t h h1 s
01
!.
e h ~.md up
on
th
e
ho
n.
d
of'
t he
bu
llock
he
oa
s
to
conf ess t i1e s
in
s or 1
1s
o,m
pers
on
am1
or
t he
pri
e
st
s. n
li'o
r
h
is
h
ou
se" i n ve
rs
es 6,
11
anrl
17
1s
de
f i
ne
d. by
co
9er
ison
wi t h v
erse
33
11
fo
r the p
riest
s
".
( 2>
Oo
:np
nre
also
Ps
nJ.
~ 1
35
,
19 •
.!.!
ext t ho
hi
ff
. •pr i
st
1
:1
11
s to t n
.!
te the t ··10
he
-t;oa
ts
cf
the
)
80
p
lo
,
E'.
nd '' ·r es
en
t t h
em
11
(not
11
oi'f'
P-r
11
;-
so
t
-1
e
un
de
rs
t a
nd
t
ll
n.
t tho,: re
1.
er al y t o "
be
br
ou
w,
•4t u9 , \'ii t
hc.
u
'ii
11
conf'
es
slo
n
of
sins
).
T:.1 a 1s
to
be done
11
bef
ore
t
he
Lo
rd
e.
t the do
or
or t he ·t a
'b
er
.1.1
cle
r t ho cong
re
ga
tio
n
",
so
a.t
the D
El!
.,e
pla
ce
-
w
i:1.
ere
t he biJl l ool
::.
r1· a o f e
re
d. 'l'he pU
!"
;>
ose
of
t
1'1..1s
11
9r es n
t-
1ng11
.1s t o doc:tde
by
lot
v
1h
ic
h
or
tll
e t w~
is
t o be
ki
lled
a
na
1
ts
bJ.
o
od
uaed
as a s
!.
11
-0
:f:f
eri
n.~ ~nd
wi1
1ch
"t
o be
:-
r e-
se
11t e
r'l
~
.l
i
ve
,
et
c.•
1 (v. 10
).
Tt
'!O
lo
t s
er
e t o be used, ''
one
l ot
i'o
1
..
the t,or d , and t 1e
oth
er
for
t he sc2.p
egoa
t
11
, -il i
11
~
·} 1
:St
Y
~
•
T'
1e l ot
ha
v
in
g s:
arm
tllo
Lo
r
d.
1 s cho
ice
bet m:
en
-1
•·
T
--:
-
t he oe.t s , . t:.e .. ieh p
r1
e
at
n
eY.
t 1 s t c
"c
f t
er
''
(not
br
l:
13,
o.
s
i!ot e (2
):
T:'lls
di
f fer s f r om t he
in
t
er
.. r et a
tlo
n o f
th
e
,Je"li
sh
mibb1 s
as
r r ese
nt
ed b. t :
ie
r
:i_v
el"s t 1
ey
r ec
ord
( · de-
:c
nh
o1
. 1,
'i'
he 'l'e
·1
9l e , ?• 310 , 3
13.
· D
ell
tz
s
c.,
.. c ,r or
is
,
vol
. I I , _. 477
).
Ti
e
re
t 1e p
ri
es
t
i'i
rs
t
mal;:,
es o
,e
c
on
ro
s-
s
1o
n for· hi m
se
l f
11
a.11d
my hou
se
11
; t
hei
'l
e.t t er t he c
a.
st
ng
or
l ot s e.
se
c
nd
for 111
an-
my h
ou
se
, ancl tile
son
s of Aa
ro
n
".
'1
1hei 1
..
se
c
.:>
cl c •h
fe
ss
1on
i s no dot
:i
bt
based
on t
he
fa
ct
that
ve
rse
ll
r e
pe
· t s t· e 1
do
nt
1c
BJ.
·,or ds of ver
se
6.
Y
et
,
?I
n1
mun1 at at e t her e ar e t o
be
on~v
th rae conf es
si
ons
: f'
or
hi 1
:i
s
elf
,
i"
or t .e
::
rl
e
st
s , f or t he wh
ol
e of I sr ael
(Del
i
tz
sch ,
ibi
d. p. 470
).
page S
t
he
A.
V.
~
1v
es 1
t)
t
he
g
oat
on
-hlch
t
he
l ot
fell
"for
Jeh
ov~ " ('ti·.
9),
and
o
f'f
or
(
11
n
alte
rea.
dy
")
h1
:.i1
tor
a.
s1n-
o1'fer1
ng
. I n
oth
er
1
:;ords
I
he
1s
no·;,
to
molto
the
o
c11
i:ess1on
7
of
o1ns
i'or
tlle
people
\'71
t h
h1a
hand
on
t .1 s
goat
I a he
ad,
\
Jus-c e.s Ile
had
o
on
te
ssod
tor
him
elf
an
cl
tho
priesthood
011
h1
s
bullock
pr e
vio
us
ly
·.
'1
1he
go
at
''for
Aza.zAl" mearmh1le
i:zav
to
be
"s
o
t,
:plac
ed
" a
live
be
fo
.i
c
the
Lord,
1n
other
\'
iOr.ds,
t.e
pt
111
r
eadiness
1
·0r
t
he
r1
te
to
f'ollo
i1
in
nhich
he
would
bo used
"to
Ma;:e
an
atonement
w
ith
him
to
let
him
go
la-
.Azazel
into
the
·1llde
me
ss
11
(··
111
1011,
co
ns
u
nnnt
to
our
preaent-
A.
tl
on
helo
w,
·,e
·:o
ul
~
tronalate:
11
'1
10 mvlto tU'l at o
ne
me
nt
with
h1m
by
aen
di
ng
hi m f
or
r
"1
ov1n
~
a·
:m
.v
into
t'1e "71lderne s
11
).
'i'
hus !\l.l
t..,_
i q
1s
een
to
be
prr.11
m
1n
P
.~
'Y, dc . 1
gnB.
t
1n
it;
the
use
t or each
or
t he
se
th
r
ee
a.ni::isl
s,
and
11.
rr
an(;int
:;
th
em
to
e-x-
;
ed
i
-.:e
ii
h~
a
ct
uo.
l
"'
O.
Cr1
fi
c1
:a
l
sl
au~1
tori
J18
l
ter.
'l'h
t?
se
v
ers
es
••;
era
a.ls
un
ii
e1•stoorl a o
preliminary
by
th
e
Je
n
ish
e;:pc;:rts i n r l t ,ai,
O.!l
,,rle
r~
e1
m
Is
de
s
cription
in
11
':i'he Te-
1ple
11
sh
o·
:1
s .
T
HE
T
ER:
t
II
.
Z/'
Z
II
·
·1
e
do
not
p
re
sune
t o 'be m1
authority,
b~t
1n
our
op1
n.
1.ou t
i1
0
ter
m J z
nzel
c
an
w
e_l
be
e
x-
,;l
in
ed i n_ t
i.~
1s m:l!.no
r.
(l)
It
1 s
e.
tini
tt
etlly
a
hap
:-.:
l et";o
..
eno
n,
cccurrln
.;
on
ly
111
th
is
c
has=
t t:
r;
Mence I r:..itatever
can
be
<lo
t
e:
.n1n
ed
of
1 t s me,
111
• m
ust
l>
a b .
~ei:1
on
ety
l"!
ology
-~
and
its
us
n h Q
l"'O.
( 2)
In
vor
s~
10
tbo
1n
atr
u
ction
r ea.ds
i1°1!l.1S,i1
~t:ft.9~
TT:•-
•.
T-1•
i
J>
~
n
·t
~
~
l'?
f 1
~
;>
~
• Jo
!T
t h e
lexicon
a
tat
cs on t
he
va
l'b n !
'!/
11
~
~
~
·
arson
or
thin
g , ·:
1th
~
:j
or~~
or
t·.
e
9or
so
n
ll
~;
··
,
'1
t h
~
and
pnge
9
inf.,
to
·
send
~
!!2,
nnyth111g
n.
Si
n
ce
here
t e
h~pax
le
g
o-
m
en
on
1'ol
lo·
·1
s t h1 o
verb
·11
th n Lamedh, t he
po
s 1b111
ty
exists
t
ha
t
1•i;
c
:i..n
1,e
-
an
1nf1
n
1tlve
fo
rm
.
(3)
,·;e
fin
d
Kell
and
·
o
ther
s co
tencllng
thP...t
11
t
he
\i:orcl
1A
n m
ore
111t
an
se
tor:n
ot
rcmov1
t,
d1mov1
t,
and
com
es
i'ro::i ? ) ? J
J!.,
by
absorb111g t he
. .
11
qu
1t1 ,
li
j~
e l a
bel
:f1"0m
bnlbeJ.
(
Gen.
16,
9)
1111d
Golgotha
from
.,
ulge.1
t a (
i•
~wald
15
3
c)
(1Ce11,
Pentateuch,
II,
p.
39
g)
. T
his
ei?;t
u11
msk.e
s pos
sible
t
he
in
i'
lnl
tive
1rle
a ,
and
g
ives
us
the
pos
sl
'b
le
11
ean
1ng
11
re
_ov111g,
co
m
pletely
t
o.k
ing
a ·
1e.y
, ca
rry1n
...
away
".
(The u
se
of
011
e
of
the
other
su
g
t3'
ested.
root
ety
m
o-
l o •1
es
seems t o
arrive
at the same t en
er
al idea.
.)
(4 ) .,e
fi
nd
t..'1.c.t
the
te:n:i
5.s
not
used
in
the
ver
se r
'lich
details
t l e exa
ct
u
so
or
th!
s g
en
t
a..11d
e
:<p
l.1:Lins
th
e meo.ning of t
he
.t
use.
Howe
ve
r , t
he
re
bot
h u.se
an
d
explano.t1
on
ag
ree
m.
th
tlle
i dea of
11
r
P.m
ov1n
p, t
:--
J~
ln
g at'la;l, car
ry
in
g a
t•1a.y
11
• ( 5)
-=:x
ce
pt
for
t he 9
hr
a
...
a c1
uotecl
f'ro
rn
ver
se
10,
'78
fin
d
th
e
te
rm
only
1n
ve
rse
S
!.l
ld
lOa),
t h
::-:.
t
1s
in
t i.i s
se
cti
o l of ~r
P.
li
m
in
a
ry
tl
Vi>
o1nt
:J
en
t . I t i s ,
then,
.'l
ere
l
~·
!.
bri
e
____
r
les1
g
na
te
and
ri
1st111c
~·
t · t .e t ',
'0
he-
tJ
on
ts
as
to
t
heir
u
se
:
the
o
ne
·•
1a-
Jc
10
11
ah
11
t
he
l'>th
er
"
le
-A
zP..z
el".
l rt,
1n
sp
it
e
of
TCe1l's
co
11
t en
tio
n (
loc.
cit.
p.
39
0)
11
'!:~.e
".':
O?'
•
:;
, one
lot
f
or
Je
ho
va
'l
auc oue
!'or
Az
rt
.ze
l r
,-:
qu1r e
u11
co
11
i t i o
mllly
t ~ a::
Azazel
sh
o :
id
e r
r:
: H ' te
ll
as
::i.
pers
o
nP..1
bein.~,
111
o
p~o
si
t1
on
to
J
eh
ov~.h"
--
wc uu st a
cl
it
th
::,.
t t
·~
1 s 1 s no t
so
11
uncond1
tio
na
.l
ly
re
.ui
r
e:
id"
a s
so
on as • e l:lX mi ne the u
se
here.
T"
ne ter:a
11
l n
-Je
ho
v
3J-•
11
i s
e.i'ter
{
!l
l i
nd
e
f11
:tt
o,
obteini
r
~,;
it
s
r:t
e~"l11
1
ng
f'ro:n
the
i'ol-
lo
i:1
1n
t:;
c
.Jn
:tex
t;
and
there·
r
or
e
11
1n-,\zo.zel
11
c:m
be
e
.u
P.1
-Y'
in-
'
page
10
<le:r1
11
1
te
an
d
nlso
ta:·es 1
ts
meaning
f'r
.>n
the follom.ri.g
con-
t
ex
t.
li.n
'1
an
P
rad
nard1n
er obse?"1e5 (T,nng
,,-
f ch .rt, Cc
=-m
c.
n-
t
o.r,v
on
T.,ev1t10,,s,
p.
l?.g)
''It
•,oulc'I
be
pe
rfectly
conson11nt
,_.
1t h t
he
tt!l
"'FJ
oi'
l
n.n..,fl\J
'!go
thnt
one
goat
sho
1ld
be
tor
t..lie
J
,or
c"'
,
nnd
t
he
oth
er :ror
anything,
or
pl
a
oc,
or
•
1
abstr
a
ct1on
11
,
for
the
}m
ire,
f
or
the
w
1l
r e
mess,
tor
t.'1.e
be
a
rin
g
a,-.:a,
v
ot
s111
a. The t
-.
·o
ex_
rP,ss1on,;
are
w
orded
1n
s
uch
parallel
ta.s1'.1on
s1
ra_
ly
to
i~e
e
in
ta
ct
t he t"Toi"old.
1d
eR
(l)
th
at
the
t •. o
goa
ts
are
to
be
tre
:?.tec1
diff
e
rently,
yet
(2)
the
rite
ot
one
is
or
equal
i mp
ort
an
ce
TI1
th
t
he
other
(therefor
e Dl'!o
tr.o
lets
used).
--
111 t b
1s
vie·,,
wo
·,•
rould
transl
o.
te
the
t
·:o
la.l>els
"t
he
one
BO~t
£or ,
Teh
ov
cl1
, t } e
other
go::.t :f'cr t
aki
ng a
't'l
a_va
or
"for
r e
mc
vi
f18
cc
r.1p
l e
tely
11
• '
.'
!c
,ould
define
tlle
tom
nz
0.11
1nf1
n
1-
t1v
c c.- ~
'!.hove
indic~te
<l
. •
.:
e
--:c
ul~.
re
garcl.
its
1ntent1on
.
s1
mpl~r
as
a
labe
l , p
rel1
m1na1'o/
to
e
~a.
ct
o:~
p
l:m~tion.
Thus
~-;e
".
V
oid
:"11
ido
n.~
of
t h
de
vil,
:::.
der3o
n,
a
r.r
o
nteln,
etc.,
·~
ua
c
n.n
co
ncentrate
a
ttention
on
t .o
clc
sr
statementn
of
ver~a
20 a
bo
ut
the
~ur por.e o
'!:'
the
~on.t. • r th
1A
reason
-.-re
l o . r efer
th
i _
-=
~
la!
.
at1on
t c t
ha
t c r •
:unll
'?' 1
:1
The
el.
l,
ua r•te
rl!-',
vol.
2
!!
-1 p.
l7
f • , ..-!10
'9~
l:-.1
ns
->
' t 1 J ehovah
a..~d
.. z
oz
el a s
rcre
~
ri1
1t
~
to
C'20d,
the
rs_,
..
st
to
God
rev
e~
.le
as
the
P.
.c
.•
1c11er i t C
hr1
a
t,
t he
ot
he
r t ~
Oo
d r av al ed s s t
1e
A?-
r,
a~n
cl.
J
ud
.;o
, t
he
.T\.'tsti
f1
r
f'or
Ch
r1
at
Is
c:::i
al
te.
THE
AT
O
Jl!
"~-: ~t~T I
ll
THE
H
OLY
OF
IOL
I ES The
actual
s
:1
cr1r1ce
of'
the
:,.to1ung
blood
ls
detailed
1n
verses
ll-20.
'l'
.e
1"1rst
stop
ne.s
the
killing
of
the
bullool,
md
catc
h
ing
or
llis
blood,
verse
ll.
• The neJct
step
w
as
ror
the
high
::riP
page
11
pri
e
st
t take a
ce
n
ser
("coal-
pan") and
till
it
";'11t
h
1,1:ve
( ~)
coal
.
:.:'
ra
m
the
altar
of
burnt-o
t·t
erl
ng, anr
to
tnl
te
t t
10
.,,
ha
ndtul
s
ot
the
spec,inl
incense
of
the
tabemaole
(Cf'.
rex
.
30, 3
4).
ih
us
provi
ded,
the
hi
gh
p
rie
st 9
asse
d
thro
ugh
t he
h
ol
y pl ce , fol d
e<.l
b
e.
c
li.
the
"vail
ni1
ich
1s
bef
o
re
the
me
rcy
s
ea
t,
w
i.1
lc
i'l
1 e
11
:9
on t he
a1•
k
11
, ancl e
ntere
d t he H
olie
s
t.
Th
en,
11
al o
ne
o.
nd
so
_
a.ra
t
ed
i'r
om
all
t
he
peopl e
1n
t he
a.".'
r.tul gloom
o
.J.
: th e
!!o
l
:'t.e
st
o? J\l.
l,
on
ly
lit
up
be t he
re
ci.
u
lo
~ of
the
co
al s
in
the CA
.u
se
r"
( ·
.fl
:rs
he
i. ) , h
l3
11
:9u
t ti-le i n
ce
n
se
u
pon
t:he f i r e
be
ror e t ·.e L
or
d,
th
at t 1e
clo
ud
of
the
1noen
sa
1?i
ay
cov
er
• t o :
1er
c
..:
se
nt
that ! s up
::
1.
t he
testi
mo
ny
·,
th
at he d
ie
net '1 ver
ea,
e 1
:,
. Of' 1cce. s1 t~, r e
tr
ac1!
'lfS
h
is
st
e
ps
,
since
th
e
oo, 1
,nc1
i nc
ens
e
W'!
.tl b
ee
?l
P..
11
lle
co
ul
d c,u•r y at
fir
st , t he
i:l1bi'l
'{i
ri
es
t now
an
t er
er.i.
tho
Hol~,
of
Ho
li
es
a second
t1
r-
]
e.
'i'
r 1
r.
tj
,1
:i
e
he
·
ro
v~1t some
or
tl.e
bloo
d
of
t he
sl
a
in
b
11
lloc
lt
(
ke
pt
rro
:1
1 co:16ul a
t1
11
(£
me-:
n
1h
ile
by
t
he
st1:rr1n
~
of
e.n
a.tte
n-
da
n
t?
J
an.cl
s9
r1
1l!.;:
l
cd
1·
11.
t h hi s
i"
lng
er
, o
nc
e ,
"U
:J
on t
he
me
rcy
seat e ot
•:1s.
1
"<1
; and
be
fo
r e thA merc:•
,r
s
ea
t......
sav
en
ti
mes"
on
t he r o1m~
(v.
llr
).
iie?-auµC?. 11\
'l
h
a.
t o 1•et ur
11
t o t he
cou
rt
e.
·
a.
i n, sl
ey
ti1e.
l1e
- 8o~t for
the
sil'!.
-o
f
i'
er i n
r:;
or
the
11
2.
t
ion
,
11
an
br1
.nf~
hi s b
loo
d
of
the
b
ul
loc
k ,
and
s9
ri
11
~tle
1t
1,
90
n t.1e mer
cy
seat
and
be
f
or
e the
T1
1a
rcy
seat
11
• Th
us
a
to
n
e-
aent
i;
e.s 1
-;i
a.
de t
or
t
he
si
ns
of
hi
gh
!)
r l e s
t,
9
r1
est
ho
o
r.i.
,
an
cl
peopl e , and the • o
l.
v of
Ho
l1
As
cl
ea
nserl.
l,i t o C~): ·.
1.hy
Lut
J.1
er
tr
ans
ln
tes
11
d1e H
e.
!
1.
r1
11
, and c.t
1a
r
c
or
ll:llen
t
:-..
to
i"s s
eiaa;-;:
1n t:1e
sin
la
r,
I c
::
umot expl
'1-
1
!1.
1n
tho
l
ace
of
1"
l D
~
~
> b l du
al.
).
T I
1'1'
l
T
H.11.
J,
TO
FE
!iEl·
11'
IH
T
i'
.l!: R
OLY
PLACE
page
12
Tlle
text
nou
continues
in
verse
16b w
ith
11
and
so" 1
~
1 . "And oo
shall
be
de
tor
the
t abenu1.cle ·
of
t he
co11
g
rogation
thP.t
remalneth
am
ong
them
in
the
m
1d
ot o
i'
t
he
ir·
unclea
n
ness".
Thus
it
1s
de
m
anded
that
\
th
e ar;
1i
a
pe
r ro
me
d
1n
t
he
.ol1
e
st
P
lace
be
repeatecl.
This
·
ti
n
e,
ho ·,eve
r,
they
are
to
bo
po~f'ormed
in
11
the
ta'b
a
me.cle
I
of
t
he
c
on1ra-re
ge
t1on
11
• 'l'h1 s 7
~
i .h
~
V
:-!,
, s1
nee
the
term
) ,
1,,i:ji'i1
1s
t1
sed
for
the
Holiest
P
lnce,
r.iust
refer
to
the
H
oly
Pl
11.
ce,
t
he
la1,g
e
portion
cf
t
he
tabernacle
in
vh1ch were
ronnc1
th
e g
ol
cle,1
candelabra,
tJ1e
(,!
olden
t a
ble
of
s_lte\"1
bread,
a
nd
tho
gol clen
al
t .. r of'
inoens
a. H
er
e , accorcl1ng
to
verse
l
6b
,
the
hi gh pt•
:.i.
r.:
s .. 'JI
C3
t o
r~ent
the
r1
t es
-p
9r!"orr11e
n
1n
the
H
l~,r
e r .
ol
i
es
--A
.9
r5.
r l
·la
x"'
i
rat
,
·d
th
the
blood
of
the
bu
l-
loc
l'
;:
, t hen ~
·!1t
h t he 'bloo
<l
or
th
P.
e-
oat
,
bot
h
once
and
se
van
t:i.
:Je G.
-:
ji, t •1hnt
w~
s
to
t wee
t"
e
pl
a
ce
of
tho
a
~~
and
m
ercy-
c
en
se~ C
od
s~
rs
(v.
6)
''t
l'l
ou
shcut
.:;
ut
1t
before
t
ho
va1l
tha
t
1s
~Y
t
he
ark
ot
. t 1e
testi
rn
on:·,
befor
a
the
me
rcy
se
nt
t
ha
t 1
;:;
o
ve
r t 1e t e
st~
1.:on:v,
whare
:t
'1111
o
eet
m.iih
thee
11
•
'l'
huc
t hi s
a.
l t ar
ol
i n
cen
se
is
pl o
ed
in
d
ef
i n
ite
rel
a
tion
to
t ~
1e
a
:r
~..
e.nd
t he
me
rc
y
se
a
t.
Theu
in
verse
10
\VO
read:
11
Al
!d. Aar on sh
ell
m2.it
e
1!11
t2.t~ne.nent u
pv
n t he h
orn
s
ot
1 t
once
a
ye
ar \
71
th
the
blood
or
the
s111
offerin
g
of
atone-
ments:
on
ce
1
11
the
year
shall
he
mnlt
e atone1ilent
upon
it
throu
g
hout
:v
o
,~
r g
en
e:re.t1ons:
1t
1s
most
holy
unto
t
':
e
Lord
11
•
It
1 R t he
el.t
ar or 111cen~e ;1h
1oh
1s
to
tnlte
the
pl a
ce
of'
the
page
13
arl
t
~nd
me
rc
y- aoa.t
1n
the
!\toneme11t ceremony
tor
the
H
oly
(4)
Pl
a
ce
--n
ot
t11e
other
l'lbJeots.
~q,1At1on
here
'!'las
to
be
p
eri'
o
1"l
.1ed
b~
sp:r1rJ.:l
1n
,..
bloocl
f1rst
on
the
hems
ot
the
~o
lde
n
"1.tr.i.r
·,
·
to
expiate
the
sins
of
.
r1est
and
p
eople,
then
seven
t'-
me:s
on
t
he
r:;ro
und
be
!"
oI'o 1
t,
to
affect
:p1.1r1:f1cat1on
Dur
1n
!£
a·.1 t h
1s
•
tb
1e
,
so
ve1"se
l71nf'oma
us,
the
h1 'l
9
ri
es
t
v10.s
to
1
,e
ti
1e
only
person
go
in
g
1n
and
out
of
the
t•.1ber:1!\
cle
pr
op
e
1~.
11
.Ancl
th
ere
she.11
be
no
mm
1n
the
t~ber-
n
e.
cle
of
t
he
co>
"?gr
egr.tion
when
he
g
oet
h
in
to
malte
an
atone-
me
nt
111.
t:
.e
ho
l y p_
a.
ce,
until
h~
00
:1
0
out
e.nd
have
ma
de
en
a
to11e.
:1
011t
fc::a
hl
n
1sel.f,
a.ml
f'o
r • 1 s
household,
and
for
all
t
:--
e c
on
rs
re
~
t".t
1on
of
Israel.
11
ATO
_,
:.
, "
;;t
!T
AT
T
hl!:
AL
Tl
\R
I 1 '
.F
ri
!.!;
CO
UR'.l'
i
~?.p1
·1
ti
on
h0d
11.0··-'
been
ma.
de
tor
the
Holiest
and
:for
the
H
oly
Place.
Varse
l ·
ru.1d
19
con
tin
ue
, "lmd
11e
s
ha
ll
go
out
unto
the
altar
tht1.t
i a befo1"e t
he
r
...
or
d,
a.m
l
mc.J;.e
i
l;l
atonement
for
1
t;
and
shall
t a -e or ·the olooc1 0.1.
tile
bullock.
tll'ld
or
t·
.e
bl
.::
od
of
thie
l
ot
e (
l~
):
·1e
mu
Rt
e
lse
r
em
ember
1ts
uGe
1n
t he
sin-oi"rei--
1
11
,
Le
-v.
!.!
-.
11
L1
ke
t:
1e s
re•Jt
r..lto.1' or bur?1t 0f!'er111.
r--
, 1 t
·,
as
111 t
he
c~t e :,o
,_,
of
11
moP.
t hol~,
11
t
l1
1
ng
s (Ex. 30,
10);
a
61
st
in
ctio
n •
11
1c
h •
ve
1 t e.
r1
e,ht
to
~-
pl
.
ce
in
the
inner
roo
1u
or
t 1e ce
ll
,:
or
h
ol
y
of
h.
ol1os.
He
nce,
1n
l
K111
1~
s
6,.
22
,
it
i s a~
td
to
11
bal
tJn
,,;
to
't'.e o
r~
.
c1e
11
,
and
1n
Heb
r.
9,~,
th
at c
a:11ber
1 s
said
to
h ve
the
11
al
tar
or
ince
n
se".
It
did
not,
ho
?e
V•3r,
2-
ctunlly
stand
there
but
1n
tbe
outer
che.mb
o
r,
'1
betore
t he
veil"
(
:-.x.
40, 26J.
i'he
reaso
n
tor
t ~
is
de'Qart ,
re
fro!!.
the
strict
r u
le
of
te
:nt>le
r!t\1aJ.
\7as
that
sweet i n
cense
\'l:!.S
to
be
burnt
d
ally
upoll
1 t
..
••••To
he.ve
burnt
t
!'l
1s
i n
cense
w1
t'h1n t he
vdl
\'!OUltl
hn.ve
re
t;.
uired
repented
en
tr1
us
int9
the
holy
01'
hol1
,·•l
s,
wh1cl1
ent
.
rles
were
forbi
dden
(Lev.
16,
2).
r1
. 3h2.~ C
:!
ldeco
t
t,
Intei--
nat1onal
stauda.rd
Bible
"';11
cy
clop
e
d1n,
Vol.
I,
!>•
lll.
r~
o:'1.t
anrl
p1.
,t
1
I.
upon t!le h
orns
or
thP.
Pltllr
round
a
bout.
An
d
ho ah~
1l
spr'l.nkle or
tho
bl:oorl
upon
1 t
,·11th
h
is
fingers
s
even
t1
·
=n
, a
nd
olet1nse
1t,
end
llnllow
it
f'I'om
uncleanness
ot
the
ch
ildr
en I .
rnel".
Le
t
w!n
tS
the
tabernacle
p
ro
p
er,
th
.e
high
9r1est
i s
then
to
proceed
to
the
great
brazen
altar
of
sacr1-
f'
tce,
a
nd
1s
to
:9ut
the
blood
o:r
both
sacrificerl
animn.ls
on
t e
horns
of
the
altar,
and
then
he
is
to
spr1nltle
the
b
loo
d.
seven
ti
1,
1es,
but
th
is
t1me
not
on
the
ground
before
t
he
a.lt:
u·
, b1.1t 011
the
al
tar
1tseli'.
A
6
n1n
the
applic"l.t1on
01·
bloo
d t o t he
'l
ltar
ll
orns~
,..,as
:ror
exp1ut1on
or
the
sins
or
priest
~J1d
pop
ul
c.
ca.
The
seve11fold
sprinkling
,.,ao
for
9
ur1f1cat1on
of
t
he
pl a
ce
of
snor1f1ce.
In
th
is
vie.,.,
cf
verse
llS
and
19 \'18
differ
troa
the
in-
t
erp
r
etat
ion
of
the Rabb1ns a
nd
ma
ny
commentators.
These
hol
n.
th
at
verse
16
and
19
ret'
P.
r
to
the
al.tar
of
incense
1n
the , o
ly
01aoe. I n
~'!J9p
ort
thoy
c1
te
•
x.
3(),
10,
G.uoted
o.b
ove
1n
,,
ot
;
1e1
~
con
n
ect
i
on.
J\ocordln
g
ly
,e
nnn
in
tho
R!U;u• ,
o:i:"
t h ,
ten
eme
nt
as
uote
b,
.•
Deli
tzscl-1 (Co
mme
nta.~
on
H
-:,
br
et·rn
,
\To
l.
!I,
p.
l~64-4Sl)
fro
m
f.!
p.1rm
n1
's
"
He.
Ja.d
ha
ch2.znk2
.11,
a.nd 1
11
Eder
she
5.
n1 a
su
:mn
ry
of
th
is
and
other
Ra
bbi!
1c
al
w
ri
tin
s,
tha.t
the
yerfor.nance
of
t ·
is
rl
te
1n
t he
'l.
'
tn
pl e
of
H
'!lo
?'O •
i'ollot1ed
t h
is
or
de
r
1n
t.1
1s
oe
ct1on:
11
11a: 1
ng
'!.i
f,
the
b0
11
l t
'T.l.t
?:
lrllocl
,1
blood,
he
(the
111
[~11
p
rie
s
t)
next
spri11ltl.ed on
ce
u!nvards and ·seven
times
.
do\.m
,
ards
.
to-
wa1"Cis
the
vail,
out
s
ide
tlle
r.
ost
H
oly
P
lace,
an
ti
then
d1c.1.
the
sa:ne
\,l
tll
tile
blood
ot
the
goat
. Fi n
ally,
pouri
ng
the
blood
of
the
bulloc
k
1n
·
to
th
e
bowl
vhich
co11tainod
that
oi
page
15
h:".:1
:held
the
blood
ot
tho
bullock,
so
as
thoroughly
to
com-
1ni11
g
le
the
t ·o •
he
apl'inkled
eao
l1
of
the
horns
ot
the
altar
of'
,.
110
<:m:"'
o ,
1J.:1
t h
en,
m
nk.
ing
a.
cle:ir
plnce
on
t·,e
al
tar,
eie
•ren
ti
m
es
t he
to~
of
t11e
altar
or
incense.
Ti
us
he
had
s_
r
iu
JO.P.d
forty-three
ti
:nes
,ii
t)
the
8X!)1nto'.I"'.\'
blood,
t~
1t1ng
c
:.a.
re
thr--
.t
h
i~
o ·
m.
clro
s s
uld
nev....--r
be
sp
otted
,.d
tl1
the
sln-
1-=--
cle
n • l oo
•1
. ·
7ha.
t ~e.a
left
of
t
':1
e
blood
t
he
high
'!)r1eat
p
c,ure
rl
out
on
tlie
·:
,e:;t
s1rie
of
the
' b:ise
of
thB
3ltar
or
burnt
o - r
i?
·•
(T"
rn
Te. p
la,
9.
315:,
316).
''!o
have
deo1<1ed agn.1n
st
this
view,
and
\'71
th
Keil
(Brlet
:?.nti
. H
eh
r.
p . 2
58
)
12.1
d
othprs
ref'er
this
to
the
alter
in
the
cou
rt
.
(l)
As
Ke
ll
_
o1nts
out:,
::i:x.
JO,
10,
does
not
state
in
w:
1c
h
p~t
of
t ~ e
ritual,
but
on~,
that
llll
atoner.iont
tor
t
he
"·
lt
:.?.
r 1,.,
to
be
inclu
de
d
1n
the
oeremoni
e!l
or
the
day
ot
to11ement. T
'1
1s
is
the
refore
ft~ll._v
cover
gd
by
verse
16b.
( 2)
•r
ho t.
es1t,n
.t1
on
for
the
altar
1n
vorse
lS
"that
1s
ba-
:rore
1;he
rJord.
11
is
usetl
tor
the
one
:ute.r
n.s
?1811
n.s
tor
the
.Jthe:r
.
11
T
!l
e e
::
ore'.':910
11
'be
.:"
ore
Jehov
a."'1
1
1s
aoplled
to
the
. .
5>
ros
euc
e
or
God,
both
1n
the
drt0lling
(viz.
1n
t
:1
e
holy
pl a
ce
".11
<.1
tne
hol,r
of
holies,
e.
g
.,
L~v.
4:,
6.
7.:
16:,
13)
and
n.l~o·
in
t :
.e
court
(
o.
g. ,
Lev.
1,
5
etc.)•
(Keil).
'ihen
~'
ad..Q,b
anrt
Abihn
(
1e
c1
"ho
f
ore
.rehovah"
(ch.
10)
they
d
ied
11
b
e_ore
t1e
s1
u1ct\Jro."Y
of
tht-l d'l.78ll1mJ
",
1.e.
in
the
court
ot
the
tabe1,iacle.
(
3)
'!'
ha
e~pression
"he
shal
l !I2,
21!!"
unto
the
ulta
r:, rl
oes
not
tollo,..,
on
versc
·
l6e.
,:f
,1
ioh
spoke
of
the
Holiest,
but
ft
r
16b
'l'ih
ic
h
spoke
ot
the
Holy
Place,
and
pogo
16
1 m
el'l.1rit
el y n.rt ar
var
sA 17
~ch
torba.de t}
:a
prcaence
o~
any-
one
ev
en
1n
t he
holy
: l nce
nunt1l
he
cone
out,
amt hs.ive made
en o
.tono·
en
t
"!
or h1r.1eelt,
anr1
~or
h1B
l10usehold,
end
ror
311
the
cong
re
ga.
t1011
of. Is1•~.0l",
•::
~"
iCh
1s
ov1dontly
P-
sur.inuu7
ot
bot
h
l6
a o.nd l 6
b,
or ::u.l t he
acts
pert
1111ng
to
the
H
oliest
a.n
d
~uo
the H
ol
y Pl e.ce.
Thero.rore,
the
first
eJ1d
most
natural
inte1
-:
·
ret~t1on
1s
th
at
no'l7
the
p
riest
"goes
out•
tron
t!i.e
tabe
rn.
-:,
.cle
:
zro
'
.J
r
into
the
court.
(4)
In
tho
sU•
!llal'1
ot
the
e
.ton
emo
nt
rlt
1,0
J.,
ve
rse
33,
there
1s
n.
d1v1s1on
1nto
throe
parts
•:
for
the
i1oly
sanctue.ry,
and
for
t'l-ie
ta.benULcle
of
the
:,:a
J.
i n
.t
ra
_ r
ota
t i
on
is
o:r the
ou.ter
alte.r.
( 5) ~x.
29
1 42-4ls-
11
,
eot
013. th
:;
he ch
il
r .n
or
Israel
n.
T
r.
11
s
wo
'!IJUlcl.
exr,,ect
to
:t
1.
nt1 B
.l
;o 1 t 11
.cl
12d
ed
1n
the
r1
tea
of
t
.1
s
d~.y.
P~r:-t'\~S
so:
~
cc .
...
i
cl
er:1.tions
11!;:e
tho
se
1:5
lvcn
undor
(4)
ond
(5)
co.use
so
t:
H·>
to
:,.
r,
su
11
1e t
ha
t,
o.f'tc:ir t ha H
ol1ent,
a toner.tent
mis
to
be
mn
rl
c at t he o
.1~c
1.
r
1n
the
court
and
tlHm
fln:uly
at
t e
altQI'
,
:J
f i n
cen~e.
(Cp.
r,.~
.n
.-
e
in
Lang
e-Schatt
Coinoenta_~
on
Lev1-
t1cu
s , p . 1
26
).
'l'h
ii:
RI'l'~ OF THE
LIVIi.
Ul
GOAT
11
T I!; ~CAPi·1
00
.'j.'
,,
'i'hus
all
t r
1e
r1
tea
requirin
g
the
blood
.
of
o.toneraent
had
been
cor.19leted.
'nle
three
g
re
et d1v1s1O11s
of
ti1a tn'ilerm1ole
hn.cl
been
oleMsed.
J\tonem
ont
had
been
a.ti'ooted
tor
the
hilt-1
priest,
the
priest-
hood,
a.11d
the
.
eople.
·10,1 follo·:-1ed a
r1
te
whose
detailed
1nterpr
e
tat1on
has
puzzled
1nt&J"?1'~ters
through
the
centuries,
verses
20-22.
"He
shell
br1ns
the
l1ve
goat•.
The
second
I.
page
17
he-~o
t.
\t,
on
-.,
::.
uch
t
he
lot
had
f'allon
"la-Azazol
11
, was now
br.>u
G)'l.
t up be:i'o1•e
the
altar
o-1
burnt-ott'orings,
to
the
place
u
hera
e
.ll
o.rf.0
ri11ga
·;
:ere
o:rtero
r'I
. "And Ae.ron
shall
lay
both
his
he
.n
ds
up
o.!.l
tlle
l1aa.tl
of
tho
(t;Oa
i.
,
and
oontess
over
h1m
a
ll
.
the
1rd
qu
1t1as
of'
the
children
ot
Israel,
·
and
all
their
trans
,'I'e ss,.ons
in
all
-
their
B111s,
p
utting
th8111
up
on
the
head
or
the
gos.t
11
• T
he
g
oat
was
then
sent
a,1r.:y
by
s0n1e
mA.n
stand~
il,g
ready
(
1:1.
ppointe
r.
1.
,
prepe.red,
and
p
resent)
to
be
taken
into
·
th
e c1a ae
rt.
11
,
'\
n
t.
l t he
c;oat
shall
be11r
upon
him
311
their
111-
:'1.
q11
i
ti
eo
unto
e.
laml
not
1nha.bited,
,,:,}
*
1~{?-~;,j
,"a.
l.
;
:.n
C'
t orr
11
• '
Ph
aro
thA nn1mnJ..
was
to
i>e
turned
loose.
ot
, p1
ls
hl
ng
t 10 ~oat off a cl
iff'
to
1te
death,
as
done
by
the
l
at
t=!
r• Je
·,
s , ou
1•
t
ex
t
1:no,.,,
s
notM;n
g. Trlug,
s;vrlbollot!lly
the
nln
s ot' t he
pe
o:,:ile m~ra ce
.rr1ed
away,
out
oft
trorn
return
to
"'Ccuso t
:i1
,~
·1
s e
"'re
ct1vely
:>.J\d
oornpl
tely
as
the
,
gont
from
r s
turn
to
t
he
ca
mp
.
This
oonolu4ed
the
special
expiatory
COI
•
iCLU
Pr
G HI T!!Jl
ron
TrL
r.:
DAY
:r1
tual.
o-r
the"
'l'here
remained
the
dispos
al or
the·
carca
s
ses
of
the
sacr1f1ces
r.iade
and
the
offerin
g
of
the
other
preooribed
otf'er111!~S
ot
the
day.
Verses
23-28
n
ak
e 9
rescr1pt1011
.ror
t
z!
is.
In
token
tha.t
the
sac-
,,.,
1'1-
:ti
ces
!')
8Ci
11.ar
to
the
day
ha
been
com9leted,
the
hie;h
?
l"iest
w
as
to
ro-e11ter
the
H
oly
Plaoe
to
take
ott
and
lay
dow11
(put
a
\'
1!?.,Y)
the
opeo1al
\'lhite
g
arments.
Then
ha
was
to
-a.
the
ag
ain.
(Probably
bAos.uoe
the
aot
of
lay'ing
tho
sins
on
the
e;
oat
r elld
erod
him m1clea11
11
,
Kail
thiuks.
~
fore
orobably,
I
l'Bec
v.
uso
1 t u s a
most
holy
r1
te
that
he
had
performed",
Stoec
.. h
-•
ro
t (B11>l1sche
0e
so 1
1o
h
te,
des
J\lt.
Teat.,
P•
119).
After
·
thi
s be.th
the
high
priest
mis
to
put
on
1
h1s
cl9thes•,
1.
e.
,
the
colored
st,:i.
te-<.iress
ot
his
of
fice
to
of:1'er
the
other
sa
arii'ices
or
tho
day
and
to
burn
the
re:t-portions
ot
tho
e1n-o
i'
1'
er11l(;s up
on
the
altar.
His
ey
· en,led \71
th
the
eveni
ng s
u.
cr1f'1ca,
the
burn!nt;
er
111cense
o..wid
the
o
rd
eri
ng
0 1·
the
la:
.q:,
a
11'1
."
the
holy
p
lace
tor
the
ni
g
ht.
r
e:m
't'Fil
1lo
the
~
tton
d
an
t s
th
at
had
burnt
the
ca.rcc.sse
c-;
of
the
t
rro
-s1
?!
-of-
:f'
e
r1
n
=-
s
outside
the
camp
(a
proce
d
ure
a;>
p
oint
ac
l
:ror
a
ll
s1n-
oi't er1n.:;s
tor
the
·11
gh
priest
and
the
peo
;:,
l o
as
a
,il
ole,
Lev.
1~,
11.
2.
1)
am
J t
he
one
th
at
had
tf!lten
the
goat I
tor
Aza
zel"
into
t ho ,'11.lc
1omess
\7iJ
!'e
defile
d
b:i,·
cont
a
ct
t71
.. h
t 1a
se
s
J.
1
:t
-l
non an1mnl
s.
'l'
h
o~efore
t ho. no
re
to
bat
Le t h
eir
loRli
'1
nd
to
ro
m
ain
an
uncle
an
outs1
,1
0
th
e c
am
p
w1t1l
the
TH
,1
,
SIG
H
IFICA
HCE
!!'his
~'la.
a t he
r1
tulll
o t
the
Dn.,
v
of
A
tonement
,
as
1 t
app
ear
s
Zror.1
the
l\lor1ptu
ral
record.
~'/h[l
.t
wao
the
s1
gr
t1t1-
can
oe?
In
an s,
1e
r1
ng
th
is
queat1on
l7
8
ahal
l
disc
uss
the
v
ar
i
ous
features
1n
or
d
er,
and
tllen summarize.
Oif
LY
T
nE
HIGH
PRi
l.!;S
'l' OF
FICI
Nl.'l
~S
Th e ordina.nce
of
the
d
ay
spec1t1es
repeatedly
th
at
the
h1
g..1.
p
rieat
alone
is
to
ott1c1a:t
a1-
he
onl
y
\i.n
o h
n.
s
duly
succee
:l
od
to
t'!.1e
ottioe,
a11
d ho.a.
rco
o
ivod
the
investit
u
re
to
t h
is
office
in
prescrlbed
manner
by
anointi
ng
ancl qt1l:?.1
ng
'1
is
ll
ands"
(con-
s
ecratio
n
).
so
then,
while
the
la\7
per:n
ltted
sa
or1
.r1
ce
by
u.
number
of
"pr1eets
11
,
yet
att
er n
ll,
th
is
i a m
er
el y
':.>
ac
e.
use
)
page
19
of
the
physical
1rnpo
s
B1.b111
ty
of
hn.ving
all
the
seJ"lice
per-
1'or.n
ac1
by one
person,
and
1n
renlity
there
is
but
one
priest,
--t
he
one
usually
call
ed
"the
prlest"
(ha
cohen),
Le.,
the
.A
tt
ar r.11
God
recognizes
bv.t' 0110 mediP..tor
who
1 s
to
mo
eJ
.1
r.i
te
bet
v
rac-m
the
:Jeople
and
their
God.
•·11
thout
the
'li
ru.e
mo
t
'lia
tor
there
onn
be
110
atonement.
'l'Ht.
HOLX
OF
H
O!,I
:
!.S
Ei
·lT
.:
,
Flli,
1)
Nearly
ell
sacrifices
had
their
blood
put
only
upon
the
horns
of
the
al
tar
of
bumt-of'ferlngs.
Only
1n
the
case
o:r
11
sin-01"f'er111g
tor
the
priest
or
tor
tile whole
congregation
does
Leviticus
4
pre-
scribe
a
clitfarent
prooedure--there
the
blood
1s
brought
i11to
the
Holy
Place
and
somo
sprlnkled
upon
the
horns
ot
the
alt
ar
ot
1noe11se.
on
the
great
Da.v
of
,\tenement,
however,
the
blood
must
be
brought
into
the
very
Holy
of'
Holi
e s
and
spl'inltlc!cl
clir
e
ctly
upon
the
thron~
of
God
for
both
priest
,,
and
people.
Atonement
must
be
ma
de
1n
th
t p
lace
where
God
·- ·
-
...
~
Bf:l.,Vs:
11
1
will
a
·u
aar
1n
the
cloud
above
the
me:rey-r.e•\tn
..
(Le
v.
16,
2).
or
the
~tar
o'i'
burnt-of'f'er1n
e;
Ood
indeed
:;,ro-
1 .. 1
sea:
''I
,n
ll
meet
there
\Vi
th
the
chilnren
of
Israel'
(E
x.
29,
1~2-'"
~~~);
but
or
t he
me
rcy
se
at He
says:
"I
,.,111
appear
th
ere
11
•
In
other
,mron, t1
,_
1s
1s
t
he
s
vs:,
reme :u1d
most
dir
e
ct
me.n
1i'
esta
t10
11
a:r
the
mnJost)'
of
the
all-holy
God;
th1
a
1s
the
ne
1-1
r
es
t ap9
ro
a
ch
to
the
very
Person
of
God
malla µo~s
iblo
in
the
ord1
.
11o.noes
o.r
Old
Testament
services.
And
thi
s.
1s
,
that
Presence
:f'rom
wl11ch
con
suia
in
~
fire
na.
S:.
"les
fort
h up
on
h
im
that
approe.on
eiS
uo'bi
dcl
.en
or
a_
p
roaches
w1
thout
the
re-
quire
ae
nts
God
ha
s
de
am
.nded
(Lev.
16,
Z-2;
cp.
ch.
10).
i
i
page
20
\fnat
holine
ss
and
stem
Ju
'3t1ce
111
the
1ns1
stenco
upon
such
an
ap
proach!
'7hnt 1
nercy
o.ml
grn.oe and
love
toward
the
sin-
ful,
err11
1t,
creR.ture
in
prov1dlng
and
opening
up
a
poas1b1l1ty
of
l!.
f)
:?
rottoh ! At on
orn
~nt
1 o
to
provide
tor
the
s1:mer a
way
or
11
9p1'0acJl
to
Ood.
But
s ch
::i.tone:11ent
is
oa.de
po
_
ssible
only
Jli
h
rou
gh G d 1
:;
J!le
roy
and
such
aton81'4ent
must
be
acceptable
to
His
unben
ding
holiness.
THE
BATH
The
h1
gh
priest
was :requ1
red
to
bathe
be
tore
en-
ter111g upon
the
-serv1oe
ot
the
Day
of
Atonement.
otaerwise
washing
the
hands
and
teet
were
required;
but
on
this
day
a
full
bath.
Only
one
entirely
cleansed,
undefil(!d
as
to
his
person,
is
in
position
to
approach
the
nll-holy
Presenoe.
Only
suc
h
an
one
oan
act
as
mediator.
'.L'
-E
LI
NEN
GAR
it
lEM'l'S
The ~ll-~Jhl
ta
ga
ments
s.peak a 11 ··e
1a-nguage.
Of
these
we
are
told
most
em~ha
tloally
•these
a
re
ho
ly
gar:ne
nt
s".
Keil-Dell
t zs~h (P.
ent~teuch,
vol.
II,
p~
397)
1~
u11
d
o1Jbtadly
correct
111
eta.tin
g·
,
11
./\l.though
in
~-
28,
2.4.
etc.,
. the
ofi1c1
l
dress
not
only
of
Aaron,
but
of
his
so11s
also
, thri.t 1 s
to
t==a.v
,
the
priestly
cost
Ulil
e
Bt)
nerall.v,
.
ls
descrlbef
es
11
.
oly
garmonts
1,
yet
in
the
p
rosent
chapter
t h e word. ltodca
h,
"holy",
1s
1"reQ.12ently
use
d
in
an
emphatio
sense
(
for
ex«
p
le,
in
verses
2,
3,
lll- or
the
m
ost
holy
pl a
ce
o:t'
the
d,veJ.llng),
nnd b~
th1s
prodi~a.ta
the
dress
1a
charactenze<l
as
m
oat
holy.
~
oreover-,
it
was
in
"bo.ddim,
(line
n) t
ha
t
the
ane
ol
ot
Jehovah
mis
cl:ot
h
ed
(E
zek.
9,
2.3.
11;
10,
2.
6.
7.;
and
Da
n.
10,
5;
12,
6.
7.)
,
wh
ose
'l.7b
ole
)
page 21
appear
an
ce,
a.
s
descr1bed
in
Dan.
10,
6,
rese
r.
1bled
the
appear-
a
nce
o:r
t:
1e
r~
lor.
Y
of
Jehov
a.~
,
t.11
h1oh
E
ze
l-:1el
so.~,
1n
the
vision
of
the
:four
cherubim
(chap.
1),
nnd
,
1as
al
m
oat
oxaotly
like
t he
e;
lo
ry
~f
,J
e
ous
Christ,
~f1
1c
h J '"h11
sa
,,
,
in
t he
n.
~vc
ln.t1on
( c
ha
pt er 1 , 13
-15)
11
• 'l'
l1e
e
vm
i
te
(~
r1
rments
spe
n.k
of
h
oliness
r
,1
thout sp
ot
or
a
t111n
.
or
s
h,'9.
d0
1
,
'1
as
e
as
entl
nl
to
th t n ~:-e
on
wh
o
,:;
oul
d
a.!
••
ro
a
ch
G
od
, ann a.ct
as
m
ediator
tor
si11nere.
'i'HE
I
Ji
C
F.H
SE The
fir
st
entrance
into
the
H
oliest
ha
d
to
be
ma
de
w1 th
1nce
11
se,
a :f't.tll
measure
01·
incen
se (
11
:f"illin
g
of
the
ha
nds")
a
p1
"111kled
on
the
sacrlfioial
embers.
But
burnin
g
111cenee· v,as a symbol
ot
pray
er (Cp. Ps.
141,
2;
Rev.
5,
a;
· S, 3.
4.
) •
It
h
ad
alco
to
be
of
the
11
11
oly
11
incense.
Thus
the
a
pp
ro
ach was her e
.lded
as
th
at
of
n supp
liant,
ap
~
roac
h
1ng
by
p
er
m
is
s
ion
e;
ranted
by
God
m.mselr.
The
suppl1oat1on
\Ya.a
annou
no
e
ci.
as
one
to
be
ottered
by
a
holy
person
:ind
by
virtue
of
an
aton1
1,e;
sacrifice.
Quoting
Ke11-Del1tzsch
again
(ibid.
p.
399), "As
bum1ng
incense
was a symbol
or
prayer,
this
cov
e
ring
of'
the
ca
~
poreth
w
ith
the
cloud
of
incense
\'las
a
symbolical
cov
e
rt
ng
of
the
g
lory
of
the
"'!
ont
Holy
one
m.
th
pray
nr
to
God
.,
1n
order
th
at He
:i1
1
gh
t
not
see
the s
11
1,
nor
su
f
fer
Hi s
ho
ly
wr1
1.t
h
to
bre
p.J
·
fort
h u9
on
the
sinner,
but
m1
;-:
ht
gr .
..
.
cio
usl.v e
cce
!
t,
111
the
b
lood
oi'
th
e
s111-o
:f'i'
erl
ng
,
t
he
souls
f'
or
w
hl.
ch
it
was p
resented•.
11
FI
HS
T
J:,"011
HI
:.3
· ot!
?J
pgnsoJ
111
on
the.
011y
of
.Atonement
the
hi gh
pr1est
first
had
to
ofter
t he
bulloclt
of
s1n-oi"-
1'
er1
ng
tor
h
is
o
r!
n pe
rson.
Before
mediat1!.1g
tor
ot
h
ers
he
must
first
flnrl
atonement
for
i"
J.s
om
sin
s
,.
Thou,{
con
se
-
cr
a
ted
for
tile
vor
:; pur~os"> or
bei
ng t
he
m
edia.tor
ot
the
pe
opl e , µ
reclaimed
t
he
rne
d1a
tor
';Jy
th
e ve
r:1
robes
ot
?
1s
of-
fic
e ,
:y
et
1e .mu
st
fir
st s 1cr1:r1ce
for
hlm
sel!".
I
1'l
r.tol;'e
ex-
/
/
a
ltad
:i:'a.~.1on
-~
hnn
9th
err:1
se
he
;1
as
to
:uedic
.te
for
t
he
people,
ye
t
he
wno
110 l
es
s
in
his
O\m
person
a
s1r.ner
th
e
.n
a~,
other
\
·ta.mes.
Th
e
mo
1·
a , tll
aratore,
011
ti
11s
dny
the
holiness
or
the
Lord
was empllaa1zed
and
the
need
tor
e.
oorres
pond1n0 l")U
ri
ty
\
I
a
nd
h
ol
tne
ss
011 t
he
.9n
rt
of
the
one
a.9:;,ro:'-\ching H
im;
_t
he f
m
ore
mu
t b,• c
o11
tr
a
st
tlie
1nsuf:f'io1ency
or
the
hi
gh p
riest•
s'
pe
r s
on
in
t h1:. rP.s
pe
ot
.
o.
!J
pea
r.
Aft
•
=!
r
ul,
11
t he h
oli
ne
ss
/
conmunicAt•id
to
the
p
ri
e
st
ii
i
not
ca
nc
el
the
si n
ot
h
is
n
r.:.
tu
r e ,.
but
onl y 001
.rer
,:,
d 1 t
over
t or
the
pe:ri'o:rm:1noe
or
his
o
rr
1c:
'!.
nl
cl
ut1es
11
(I
(el
l-Dalltzsch),
And t
or
t h
is
n::s
...
v 1
1;
n
eeded
s_ .cci
al
cov
ori
ne;
as
he
u.pp
ro1J.c
lled
the
v
er;1.r
P
re
c;e:n
ce be:
~.r
on
d
t:1e va1
l.
Ho
'.'1
absolute,
then,
the
d;amand
for
sp
otl
e
ss
p
url
ty
1n
the
medi
1.
tor
!'or
the
peo
9
le
!
Bu
t
if'
the
mec11at1ng
ll
1~n
priest
'
'
hi
ms
el
f neeo.s
P..
'to11
e:ao
nt,
1s
uo
1
.;
t
he
n
afte
r
al
l
111s
mediation
,
i n
co
mp
l e
te?
Ii'
bes1
da
t·
o
var
io
us
clc
:,\nsi.n
(s
s
and
urif'1oa-
tio
na
of
his
oi'
'i
'1c1al
con
secra.t1011, 11'
beyon
d
the
s9ec1al
sin-o:rr
er11
~s
1n
t'
1e
C
P..
R
1c
~
ot
h
is
sinnin
, yet
this
spe
cial
atoneme
nt 1
r.;
n
P.,
~cled
befor,
~ t, e h1i
J1
p
r1
11s
t c
-,.
n
enter
the
H
ol
y
or
Ho
li
es
, 1 e t h
ere
not
somethin
g
insu:ff'ic1~11t
about
a
ll
the
sn.
or1t1.ces?
we
\'
ronder
if
suo11
que
11
tions
did
not
su
g-
e;eat
the
msel
ves
to
the
1'
a1
th
f
11l
o:r tl1e
Old
'!'e~t
a.,uen
t !
I
TH
E
J3LOOJJ
'l'he
hi~
pr1
eat
w
A.s
required
to
brin,z
blood
into
the
H
oly
of
H
ol1s
s ,
and
uae
it
tore
tonement.
Fo
r
his
om1
p~
rs
on th ~
blood
of
the
bullock,
for
tho
9a
ople
t 1e
blood
ot
n he-e;on6
.;
h,.
..
,_
to
be
off
erel1.. The si{II11t1on.n
ce
ot
t·1e
blood
T.7e
le
an1
fro
:n
LP.v.
17,
ll1
11
'!
.,.,e
lite
of
t
he
tle
nh 1
in
the
:>lood;
::-
md
I imv . n
1ven
it
:rou up
on
the
a
lt
ar
to
m11Jte
!\..'1
• ~ -I.,,.
a
ton
cm
nt
i"o1'
tl1:,
soul".
'f..
'l
is
9assage
1
nrl1ca
tea
th::i.t
11
Gor.l.
11pp
1uted
M 1e
;)loo
d i"or
the
Rl't:ir,
as c
on
t
aining
the
aoul
ot
tn~ an1m!ll,
to
be
tha
1nedium
of
a:q:>1~t1on
tor
tho
so
u
ls
of
me
n".
'.l'
he
blood
11
n.s
the
veh
icle
of
th
e
soul"
(Keil-Delit~sch)
11
po
ssossecl.
ex
p
iatory
virtue,
becau
ae
the
nn1m
nl
soul
ws
s
of-
rer
"Jt
i..
to
God
upon
the
::,.ltnr
as
a su
bstitute
ror
tha
hum:m
soul
11
•
Agai
n
·1
0
re
a<l
,
Lev.
19 , 22 ,
11
an
d
tho
p
r1~
at
sho.ll
m=i.Jr.e
~
t on
eae
nt
for him ~
71.t
h
the
r
.ll.m
or
the
tron_
ass
o
fre
r-
1
!U
!>
ei"ore
the
Lo
rd
tor
h
1a
s1n
'l7
°1
1ch
he
ho.th
done:
and
the
si
n
,...,
:
ucil
he
hath
done
s
hal
l 1,e
.for~iven
h1m
11
• A
cco
rti.1ng
to
·
~hes
e . ~
-'-'S
ti!Ie
:1,
tha
ot.'ter
1n~
or
t
he
blood
i1a.s
to
a.tract
tor-
e;
1
ven
e
ss
of
a1n t11
th
God,
and
t h
is
could
be
nftectad
only
by
~1
vin
g 1~
to
a.
e~tll a
subst1
tute
th
at
God
\'IOttld
a.
cc
ept
1li
th
o
st e::td
of
the
rda>.1
1 o
11f'3.
The
idea.
o:
s\J
bst1
tution
is
bro
ur~
ht
ont
ol
ear::iy
o:.r
t10
cr
rllnS\nce
(Lev.
l,
4;
3,
2,
e'i;c.)
that
the
o
t"
forr->r
-:ro.
to
l
A.y
h1
9 hanc'I upon
th
P.
honc1
of'
th
e :m1m:tl., "2.nd
1 t
sh
rt.ll
oe
tl
CCo
p
torl
for
b1i:i
n;
"~
1i1
er
P.b
~r
(b
y
the
1
r.!J
0 c1
tion
of
thn
ha
ncl) 11
he
oct o.p,\rt
tho
an1m
u.
a.a
n oe.cr1f'1ce,
repre-
scntin
v
his
oi-m
per
1J
on
in
0?
1e
particul
ar
aspect••
(IC
e
il-De-
li
t
1.sch,
Pento..t.::
uch,
vol.
!I,
p.
2
"'
3).
'l'
he
purpose
ot
th
e
bloo
d
is
"to
mal~
e n
tone!l
o
nt"
'~=?
to
cover,
constru
ed
\'71
th
!,~
obJeoti).
Ch.
17,
ll
et
a.
tea
th
:i.
t
the
bloo
d was
to
11
cover
over"
the
soul
of'
the
s11mer;
ell.
l,
4
says
tbe
blcotl
1s
to
11
oover
h1m
11
,
the
oti'eror;
ch.
4,
2
6,
J5,
eto.,
11
to
cover''
him
·
\1
ho
had
sinned
as
co11o
ei"
!l
ng 1
11
o
a111s.
.ii'ru,:i
wi1at
w
as
the
blood
nto
cover''
t he
s11111
~
r?
oe
,1
. 32,
20,
J:icob
ex-plains
t
i1
0
reaa
on
tor
se11d-
111g h
is
r10·1
r
1;:
se11ta
ahead
to
Esa
u
b:r
sa..
v
in
g ,
11
I
wlll
a9-
l, J
'9
T
'T
1,11:tshecl
to
mod
ity
t he
wr
a
th
or
his
brothP.r.
Aga111,
·f
'1
an
r.i0d
Is
: •we
r.
bmed
e gr
eo.
t
s11~:
a
nd
noi'1
I
mll
c.{:>
Y!>
unto
t1
1e
Lord;
:J
!.:::
•
n.
v,m
tu
r
'EI
I s
.a
ll
m
n.l
c.
3 :m
atone
t:1e
nt
i"or . our
sins''
CJ
?,'}
';S
~
11.
1
~
f i7 ) ~,:?;j
..
~
j
~
. The
si
.u
.
ers
are
to
be
cov
e
!'
~:d
vor i'ro:n
ii
hc
wr
o.
t
:1
o'!
Go
• B
ee
.use
of
hl s
sin
the
'
e.nd t he ~r n
ce
of
God 1 s
brought
to
baa.r
en
tho
a
tona
d.
s1m1er •
.do
c
au
se
t.
ri
is
is
t.
1e si i
ifi
•
c·
·1
ce
of
t
!1
a
blood,
1 t
!3
not
!'or
t e
sin
n
er
t:J dd
ci
cl
e
·.v
j1
,1
t
blood
ll
e ·
nll
br
1
11
, l
mt
God m
ust
yr
es
cr1
be
to
t
he
si
nne
r wila.t i>lo
od
·1e
will
a
cces,t
fo
r
11
oover-
.
1
.ng
11
•
I?
th
at
bloo
,i
ls
b
roug
,
1t
ne~.~
to
G
od
1
,'i
il
lc
h
is
'\COept-
a
bl
e , t
::
:ien t
'?
1e
9111n
er
is
covered
over
fl'o!ll
m"B.t
h ,
he
is
atoned.
H
io
s
111
is
i'ol'
a;,
1ve
n h1m.
C"t0
d1s gr n
ce
and
favor
1s
~-•·surecl
h1m.
TH!
•~
T
WO
-FOLD
li
'OHit
O
•'
SPfCf
t
KLI
NG· The
blood
of
t
10
bulloclt
tor
t e l118h
priest,
anrJ
of
tha
he
-goe..t f'o:r thP.
9e
op
le,
\7ns
to
bo
s;
)1'.1
l
1l.t.1a:'i
first
onoa age.inst tl10 mero~,
se
at
•
then
S!;
V
e11
tL:
1e
q
011
the
g
roun
d; r
1r
st
once
upon
the
nltnr
of
1n-
ce
11
sa
, th
an
s
~v
en
t1111es
upon t11a
crou
nd;
first
once
upon
tha
hOZ'
.!
19
0 1· tho
b·
azen
nl
te.r, t
1en
seV<•m
ti
m
1:>s
upon
1 t s
:3
rnto.
_
--
~•he
s1
.•T
!.
i f
10
11.:.
?oo
of
thin
appa:u-s b, ·
co
rtpl
1r
1n
g v
er
see
ll
and
9,
wh
1c
i1 st·1.te
th
,,
,t
tho
olood
m
.1.
s
to
bs
tor
a si n
-o
i'
:?~rln
e;
for
t
he
:9
r1
eo
t
&l
<l
the _
eo9le,
a11d
ver
sa
16
wh
ich
aay13
t
ha
t
t h
ereby
t .c
tabern
a
cle
\'las
to
be 9u
r1
1'
1ed
fro
m
de1'il
e
::
1ent.
Xe
ll-
D
eli
t
zsc
ll
1,
1
ri.
t e
a:
"1'be
first
spr1nltli~,
,
1h1ch
.vas
:
par:l'o:!"'
10 · on
ce
onl y , , •
.,
~.s
f
or
t_
he
e
xp
i a
tion
01'
the
sins
,
first
I
I
f
of
tho
h1
..,i.
1 p
r1
os
t a
nd
hi a
hou
.
e,
and
then
of
the
co
ru
..;
ro
e;
a-
t1O11 of I Gr e.al ( o
hnp
.
1~,
7 :u1d l S
);
t he
second,
vi
11c
,;,ras
re-
rr--m the ··
:l
ns
or t:1e
pe
op
le"
(r>
9ntateu
ch ,
vol.II,
.•
3
q9
).
· Y the
1.
l
:ru
t ,
sl
nt,
le
, s9
r.in
k.
:
!i.n
(:'
a.t
.ne~ant
:md
f'or
r.-
!
veneas
w s 4
ss1..1
r 1~
for
tile ~
ereon
s.
=Jy
t~1e
se
con
d ,
s9v1=1nf
~11,1,
sprlnk-
li
11
c3
t ho t a
bernacle
anrl 1
ts
sacrii'!oie.l
a.
point
m
ents
·1
rere
1.
m
cJ.
er,,
11n
e
~
of t
he
ch
11
,'l
r
en
of
Isr
ael
, and
bec
c.use
of
t
oir
t r
an
s
fa
l"essi
..:>
ns
1n
1:i.ll
their
s
111s
11
(_\'.
1 '
).
T:'1e
t a
bernacle
--.._
,
nd
it
s
so.cz•if1c1al
~00c1n.t:;1e11t0
ere
om
.si
o.e
red
as
instr.manta
..
and
media.
used
by
t."1.e
mediator,
the
hi(~h p
riest,
in
med
iating
at o
ne
me
.
11
1;.
Ye
t,
as
101
1{
;
as
t
hey
ar
·
touc
hed
by
men
oi'
tr
an
s-
\ 1
e;
r e
ss1on,
sin,
uncleanness,
hon
can
the
y
be
tr1.1ly usccl
tor
atonement
of
sin?
A ;
aln,
·
they
are
vie,·red.
a:;;
the
oh
aun
els
~
and
vessels
by
which
God
1s
grace,
tnvor,
and
salv
~
tion
nre
te
be
brought
to
the
people.
Also
1n
t
~11s
vi
e.,
t11e:,•
needP-d
cl
eai
1
a~
1,
_,
t:ro (l9f1.l.;)J':i.ont
to
ba
su1
teil.
to
their
holy
pu?-po:;e.
~•hat t~,
.re
,
·m.
•~ n
sc
1
1en-i'
,;
ld
sp1•1nkl
111
g of
blo
od
for
t
:1
1 A
:pu:r--
90 se , s .:•ve~
'!
to
e
..
hns11.a
the
c.ct
~s
rgl
nt
ocl
to
!"1;
1 \
"T
::
!O
rested
on t hu .v:
mt
h rw
n.nd
se
nct1
·
11
1
cc.
1 t
and
no
trnl
y
ef.ficlent
!'
0
1,
t·
1e 1 :
1te
1l
t.
1e·
i.
F)
Ur
po
eo.
1!
01
,1
utterly
unclo
;;in
sin
nppen
r s
by
thic:
:rlt
P.
! r
O'"'
cc
:J
1p
let
e
1s
t h r
or
g
1vene
.e
of
t h:
tt
s
in
an
ai'f
e
ctecl
b
:v
'l.'
h
1..;
DIO.PO
S>\L
O lt'
~
•HJ
::
CAHO
.A
55ES
a
to1u
:1
J
blood!
~he
oaroassos
ot
the
si
n
-o
1'
tor1n
gs
were
treated
aoco1'clin6
to
the
rula
laid
dom1.
111
cl
u.1.pto:r
foul'
i'or
t
hos
e
s1n-oi't
e
rll1
g
ti'.ai
ch
m>re
brought
1n
..
,o
tt10 t u
be
l
•nacle
pro_ e
1•.
11
And
tlle
s
l;.
111
of
t
he
bulloc
lt
,
~11
0.
all
h
is
flesh
,
w1Jlih
·
is
h
ead,
and
\'11t
h
his
legs,
and
his
1
u:
·, .
rrls,
ana l
1s
dm,g, even·
the
,iA1
0le
imllocl:
sil
a.ll
he
Ca?'1'1
. . .
i'orth
,
.'!1
"G
!
1out
t,1 e c
amp
to
a
clean
place
,,1here t he
asi
es
are
i:,
our
ed ou
~G,
and
hu
.
r11
hi
m
011
the
\'IOOll
i'l1 th
fire;
,vhero
the
ashe s o.ra p
our
ed
out
shall
he
be
buri
1t
11
(v
s.
ll,
12,
21).
~·
ho
body
or
the
s1
n
-o1'f
er1ne;
is
considere
d
the
bearer
of
the
sin
•1hi
ch
r..a
<i
been
i m
i:,
ut
od.
to
1
t.
'!'herarora
it
must
be
11
g1
ven
u_
~G
o t e
eff
e
ct
er
si
n,
viz.
,
to
ci
eath
or
dest1,ict1on
by
t'i!'e,
e.r1
ci
·t
!1a.
t
outsi
de
the
c
amp
, i n o
the
r w
ord
s ,
outsido
the
lt11,s-
clom
cd
;o
: , f
.1:
•
o:n
,,;,
1011
overz1thi
nt:;
dead wo.s r
em
oved
11
(K
e
1l-
D
E·
li
tzsc.:i:
).
/.
t t
he
sa
-a
e
ti
me
"it
wa
.s
sacr
1
f1c121
flesr.,
an
d
most h
oly
by
v11•t
ue
oi'
ite
deat1!:.a.t1on
11
(loc.
cit.)
Ci,:.
Lev.
6,
25;
10,
17. 'l'llerei'ore
it
\'ta.s
not
to
be
tre
ated
as
c~
r-
r1on,
o
ut
dls
~osea.
ot
e.n.d
burnt
111
a
cle
c 1
place.
'l'l:
1s
ord1-
nt\1!ce
sez'Ved
to
cm.
ha.
s1
ze
th
e
fact
th
1.t
1n Gou' s
si
::.t
the
page
27
animal
h ~d
trt.1ly
been
r
,1ad
e a
bearer
or
Din.·
It
had
been
aub-
at1
tute
d :i'or t c
rae
.a
to
bear
his
a111
in
its
body.
T"1
1s
beo.r-
,/
i
nt;
of
the
s1n
11
11'1
1
ta
1.lod
:,r
" .,
"i
r.
1_
ute
c1
to
1
ts
bo
,
.i.
y11 ,
10
em-
pil
a
siz
eu
still
1orl"i
011 the Day
of
A
to
neme
nt
by
ths
ord.'\.nr..nce
(v.
2g) "h~ t
:.a
t
burneth
t
hen:1
(th.
c
a1n-of"t
o
r1
1\~
s)
nh:ill
·1
~s..
"1
hi s
clot
h .s I
nu"
J1at)10
h1s
i"l~s
h 1
11
\·
:;
1t
e!'
1 a.nd
e:f'
t ~r m
,.!"d.
he
shal
l c• 1
:ie
1 ..
1:"
th
e c
amp
".
The e:
·c
':lec
Un
3
s111i'1.1ln
e
:.=s
of
s
in
'.Va
s . .9hr
.1.s
lzec,
in
:tu
llest
pos~1ble
measure.
Li
J:e'rJlso trns
P.
1t1:_-h
n.
s1
zod t
he
typ
ic
al c
omp
leteness
ot
ths
r
em
oval
of
that
T
H.ii:
i
l'
l'
J~
01'"1
'l'HE
SC!fp· •~
OAT
'l'
he
rl
t o
of
t
ne
scape-goa
t i10.s
cau
sedp
er-
pleXi
ty
to
commentators
slnce
an
c1ant
dP:.ys
.
.A
cco
ro
1
::is;
l~, ti1ey
ar
e
cl1v1dec.i.
into
opposing
ce.
'llp
s,
eac
h
co
n
ter1din
~ f vr
some
preterr
r1
d
etymolo
gy
ot
the
~,ord
"az
aze
l
11
an
d gover11ing th
eir
1nterpretat1011
accordin
g
ly,
or
else
fi
:-':
in
g
on
so
me
ot
h
er
reatui,e
as
the
point
of'
dep~rture
for
th
eir
11lterpretat10
11
. 1a
oa1u1ot
hope
I
ot
cour
e:
e,
to
oi'fer
anyt
h
in
g
ne
u. Ye
t,
the
text
gives
t he i n
terpretation
to
\'1hich
all
in
t he
e11d
must
r
et
u.
r.
n.
Let
us
bear
1n
;n1nd
the
rollo
w1~ !
:o
i11ts.
·/
e
are
ex
p
rea
s
ly
told
(l)
th
nt t h1 s-
goat
~·
,
as
to
be
1i
pre
sent
ec
be
fore
t he Lord.
to
m
ak
e
e.
11
a
tone-
ment
71
t h 11m
T'.?
j . 'l
~
~
~
• ( On
th
1
Fl
IC
e1l
r
em
ar;:
s: n
~l:'
w
it
h
'"\
9
~
e.1
ray
s
e.
pp
lies
to
t
lu¾
obJect
of
e:-c
:=,
1a
t1
on
; p
ro-
p
erl
y I
to
e:c_
!a
te
\
71
th
1
1.
e.
1
to
make 1 t
the
ol>Ject
of'
ex-
pi a
tio
n ,
or
ma11.
e
ex
:;,
1:?
.tio
n
,;.1
1 t i 1 t
11
) (
2).
'l'h1 s
goa.t
was ao
much Ge 1 ~: cho
sen
r..gent
to
make a
toneme
nt
as
t·
e
&;
oc
.t
t
ha
t
wa
s s
le.111;
:f'
or t wo
lots
ve
1,e
u.
so
(l
,
a.n
d the ch
oice
m.1
~e
before
pa
o 23
J
il
h
ov.
r.
tl1;
he
::ms
"
Ao.tle
to
atalid
be!'ore
Jehov~1•
to
m~e
atono-
:n
11t
wl
i:
!1
!.
11
;
ho
·,
'l
as
al
~o
to
b9
11
otfa
r
ed
",
(
2"')
f
,.r
) ,
.ven
ao
t
1..1
othnr
fton
t.
( 3) ~
tl
is
(J0
!:1
.t
"7',.R
to
be
sent
a"l7ny,
a
l.lv
e , l
m-.
11
1n
to
t
1u
~
·'111
erne
;;
a
11
,
:as
,
ji7.,)J~
'f:)1
1-~:;$
'
•1~
q1~
0
:.i
l
n.
c
o!
o 2
tt1n
fi
of
i ,
of
sepn.r._t101
11
,
rro
1
,iu
c: t 1n
re
''
101 l
00
lt)
X'
t~
!;
l
l''ll
. (
4)
Pl :
".
ci
n,
~
'"ooth hi s
ho.11ds
(
to
:aa:~e
t:1.e
n
et
t he
::1
·
ro
Go
l-.
mn
, 1
:n
:
,39
,
ivc
nnd
amph·i
tio)
on t
__
h
nd
of
t he s o
at
, t h ~
"l
i uh µ
r1e
t h
a.d
to
11
c~n
:reas
upon
him
:!.
ll
the
uisdeecla
(
,nj
i
~
) o:r
the
children
of
Israel,
and
ei.J.l
their
-:
rebellions
( a Q
"'
'1
~
) \
'11t
h
reo
p
ect
to
~
t!
1
e1r
s1ns
11
(
.Q
.Q
~
l5J
I] -7
?<)
'1
!Ul
n g
lve
( l !) f )
then
u
:9
o
r1
t!'le hnR.~
ot
'
.;
he
Joat
11
• (
...
) The
.9
urpo
qe
13
d
e:t'1
11
1
tely
stq.tetl
11
these
.v
ord.s:
11
Tl
1e
.g
,,at
ai'!all
ta
lte
a.wa.v
(
~
W J ) up
on
h,1m
all
T r
ti1e
1r
m1odeeds
to
a
lan
d or sfl9arat1011". (
6)
·:
e
are
told
t·
out
s .t , vt
i:c-se
3, t
ha
t 'bo
t·
1
,:;c
a.
ts
to
g
eth
er
are
to
co
nati-
tute
o
:ie
si r •
•·
le
sl
n
-orf
e
r111
r.
1 ( n
~
l9
n ',
11
tor
_a
a
ln-
• • I.> T -I
o.:re
ri
,1J
")
\"f:
1l ci1
m'l
e.ns
tll
e
.t
th
e n
"\
c:ri
t'
ice
of
the
011e goat
and
the c-~rer l n
-3
o~ 1
ts
blood
1 s
not
to
'he c
on
s1,1
er
~d
a.part
f
ro
.a
,
or
as <~et:?.cbed
fro
.. , "tlle
sendin
g a,,,ay
of
t
ho
othe
r,
nor
vic
e ve
rs
tJ.
. T
":
o goa
ts
o.re
us
e be
cause
1 t r,e.s 1· ;
.9
os
s
i"ble
to
sy
b,:,11
ze
everythim
J
w!
th
,1ust
one
animal.
(Cp.
the
use
o:r t wo b
ir-
-s n t e s1n- o!"f'
ar1
1
-:
~
of'
t
he
p
oor
and
1n
t
he
ol
ee.ns-
1
11
~ of l
eprosy
(Lev.
5,
7-10;
11~,
4
tt),
or
be
cau
se
the
one
a
ni
mn
l w
a.
:.;
t o
po
rtr:._v
in
a he1,··h
tane
nm:1
more
1
ms,
ra
ss
1ve
ma.1m
ar '.'£1at
wou
l d
ho.
ve
been
done
111
anoth
er
manner
:it
other
occ
a.
s1on
s. Th
us,
111
the
off'erir
igs
for
e111
brcu
t~
ht
tor
pr!ncos
and
1nd1v1dua.ls
the
p
riests
·.
ve
r e
in
t
he
holy
place
II
to
be:
'I.
~
ro1C\
talte
a"18Y
to
aa.t
the
flesh
)
(
11
#
oJ
')
)
tile
•• T
I
f
i n
iquity
or
the
co
11®atio11,
to
make tonement
tor-
them"
(Le
v.
10,
17)
Le.,
t
:'l
e o
ric
st
by
ea.
ti
n-
.as
1t
·.i
ere
1ncor-
' .
~
.
::
orate
1 t
he
v1c1;1m
l a
den
-:d t h
si
n a.!ltl
thus
a.otually
took
a,.,n.y
t
'1~
si rt b;1 v1i-tue of t
he
hol
1n
ss
and
sen
ctifytn
g 1
:-o,:zer
1>elon.1,1
ng
t o .11s
otnc
(.
,o
iCe
1l-D
e
li
t
zsc
1 ,
Pf!n
tat
;;ch ,
vol.
/
I
I,
.•
3
53
).
',
:>
noth
in
g s1m
1lnr
is
·
one
here:.
T
he
sl 'l.1n /
' c
~.
t
had
:m
.•
n a
cc
a,
,:.
tnd
by
Jo
lO
V"'
.i'l
a.a
n.
s
ub
st
itute
to
sufi'er
t:
.e
00
~1
:1~q
uo
nc
ca
of
a,.n
for
the
peo
:9
l e. T
:,
e 11,,e ~oa.t was
t o sno
i·
, t-:i:,t God
in
v,.ei1
o:r
th
11
'ii
&.t
o1'lin
e;
saori.t'ice
hat
c
as
t
t ·
.e
.,
t i l •
i;
o::"
~:
:e
s~m
frc
1~
His
pr
esen
ce
to
a l and of no r e-
tu
rn,
in
t~
col'
:i
~l
fl
tP.
:f'
or
t~e
tf\.1
ln
,As.
Th.
a memory o_
r1
1t1n
1s
r;
•1
il
t
las
been
bn
ni
slled
f'".a."
0:
11 "'od I
he
?'t
bv
tho
ntc,!1.1.ng
bloo
d
01· t
ho
sa.
cri
t'
ic
e 1·
11
1
01
11
G<>d
n9po1
nte
d.
I s W
ilJ1clr
.1
·
d~ller
•
.:
u.
ts
1 t
(Internatio
na
l
st.
31ble
Eno.,
vol.
I , p.
311-
3,
344-)
11
B
oth
e;ont a,
so
to
s
a:
, re:>ras
Em
t t
-:
10
sides
or
the
s
ar,e
t M.
ng.
'.L'
he
seco
nd
1 s
necessar
y
to
make
J
,,,
re
pr ese
nt,
n
am
ely
,
the
rom
ovnl
of
the s
in,
end
~ccordingly
hn
.s qui tc:
of
t
r::n
e.
p
tly
b
een
cllllr.
d the 1
hircuo
red!
vi
vus
1•
But
\"lha.
t
1s
t o be r e
pre
se
nte
d
finde;
1 o
e:.i:r,,r
.
ssion
1n
the
cere
n10?1y
t1
f.!
crihe
d
tn
vs.
2v
i'
:f:'
. Wh
l-".
t e
ver
m.
ba
t
he
s1
e;
n1-
flc
l?.
nce o
f'
".;
e l
~~·
1
np;
on
of
h!\ni's i n
othe?'
co
nr..c
cti
ons
, \·,
he-
t
.e
r t he
!l
.ri J
1~A
i s
1--
l~
.c
ed
. :
il
o?'e on t
he
d1 e o
se.l
or 011
the
-.
ap.
:ro
p
r1
a
t1
or1
of t i n p
ro.
ert
;v-
,
nt
t h1 s p
lnce
1 t
,.
s
certa1nlit
onl y I].
s:i
rnb
ol
of
t
he
tr
an
sf
. r
01'
g1
11
t,
ni1
!c
i a
conf'
Ass
ed
over
t
he
J,i,.t
a.~d
1s
tl1en c
nr
r1e
c1
into
t e w!lO.
er
ne
ss
by
t
he
i5
03t ,
_;
.
9o
n ,
,i
'i
ic
:1. 1 ·t
has
be
en l
e.1
'"i
.l
n
or
t1
er
to
mal-e t 1
1s
1
~r
r.
'l.nsfer
c.1
1 t
hFl
Lio
re
1:,pr
fl:-m
lve,
ooth
tl
e hnnr s
:1.
r'l
here
brou~lt
:i.nto
:iot
icn
,
'l.1°it.1la
~-G
·,
l.,mt.
l,
1~
or
.ly
one
h:-Jld d
u
~cd
.
'l.
e :!'P.ct
th
n.
t th
::
•·oe.t 1s
ncccmp,:,.niec.1.
b.'
.so
JJ
eb
dy
o..
~d
thn.1; 1 t
~-
s
to
be
tr'.l-.a:1
to
nn
un3.
lY
'l
nb
1 t e
r1
l:1c
+1
1s
~o
1nd1-
o;,
.t
e
the
·
:i.
soJ.u.to
1:
..
osr.:tbil1t~,
ol
it
o
rotu:rn,
Lo.,
tha
'l'.IE
BU
Ri1Jl'
0 ]
1•
~
:n1
:m
~1 ,
:rter
t
i1
e
rite
of
the
scape
g
oat
bu:-nt
off'er-
in
f~s ·
,er
e t o
be
brou
ght ,
e.
r
f!:il
eac:1 f
or
the
p:rl.
1..?~t
·~··l.
,.
'i'
or
the
pe
c
µl
e.
;-,
ot
h were
to
u.
cce
pt
e
rnte:Vlly-
tirn
decl
e.
r
a.~~L\)
!'l
o
'l
tloft
of
fo~iveness
and
cle
a
nsin
g,
to
.:i
1
ve
H1
·1 pr
ai
:ie
.1.0~
it,
an
d
111
g
ratitu
de
to
o:ri'er
H
1!:1
their
;;,,rts
e.nd l i,rcs
to
be
t:rnnstcr
med
a.?J.d
pur:t:f'iod
by
t h•J
fire
o
i'
G
llcl
1s
3:>
ir:t
·~ 11l'to
11
e·mo
ss
ot
lite
and
cons~cr
o.
tad
service.
'J.
ltiJ:
..
P.
fl
l'
~M
l)
S
J.!3.dAT
.. .
;.:;.,T
I n
:eep1
11
e "11th
the
si ((n1:f'1cr.noe
of'
~ver,J
i n
di.vldu:u
:-tn
tc
t
:10
1v
::
~t1
n as
God's
cov
enan
t
:9e
oplo
es
·:!al:?., t:·1e _
::,
ooµl e
i.
:ar o
ii
o r o
:;
t
11
:l'ro:~ a:.1
worl""
th\1
3
de,,ot!n
s
t
he
i r o:1
tir..i,
m
tUY
ide
d ntten':;1.on
t:
,
t:1ls
:-:.>r2
;:
o:r G
od
1 ..
i11.U·11d
u'l
J.
s .n,
lb'
t
h.
a oo J:re
11
t'l
t1on
th
ey
:1
1
gh
t
ee
r
ie
1:>e:f'ore
(~cl
\'11
t
:1
tr
ue
-
arrow
:..md
co:1
tr1
ti
on
bec
a Ae
of
t'ha ~
11
s
4ee
:ls
a.'l.d
r e
'ocllion
a
in
.
,q,
11 th 1:r
sin
s •
:f.11
ch the~.r
".1er
e
to
coz11·ens,
Md
.:
it'h
genu1
:1e
d
esiro
to
r ece
iv
e
the
:ror
at
veu~sa
ru10
&r
ce
,,:•
.ic:
'!
ac
c.:.
·7
e.~
_
.1
r
9p
:'
.
::>
.1
nu
i~
.m1
of'i'ol" .,r; the.!!1,
end
·11th
slncere
x•.
:1o
lv
c;
~o
con
Lnue
t\l
live
111
s.c
r;o
1"Cl
an
ce
\-:
111h
t
i?.o
9rdlmmci,9
rts
or
the
01 0
11
n
be
t t ~
::."
...
ho.i.
:11,1
!le
li
t zsch , ~
•i
10
cnl!acl
this
"
~e
Good
.,..,
1--10
.'\\y
of
t :e
Old
'J°
est
wae
nt
11
• ~•h
a.t
p
hrr.ae
p
olnts
bot!'l
to
t
h.Fl
~rc
u.
t 1
eu
a e
..
U(
l t o t
he
li
mi
te.t
i
ons
of
t
he
day.
/\ dI HF
C>H
Ol1
~I
.
,...
,.
.....
• I
.•-·
It
is
tha
G
ood
Fr1cl2.Y
01"
the
01a
'l'estament
1n
th
at
it
'
"!as
the
g
reatest
si
ng
le
mirror
or
sin
ae
t b
e1
'07•0 t
ho
p
eo
p
le.
lo\1 i"o:;;cibly 1 t
po1'1ir~'ed
sin
as
a
1
oat
ho
1"'
rtblP.
im
!)
uri
ty
and
d
ei'il
en
ent
l
Th
e ou
mu
la.t1ve
s1g-
1l11'i ca
11
c e o~ th e
l1l\th
rcqu.irac
l
of
t
he
hi
h
!)1'1
.c
st,
tile
sac-
1'1
!
'lc
e
l''
,:Q
ulr
~
..
r r11,Rt
for
t
.a
o:t'i'1c1at111g p
ri
e
st
hi
self,
t he r e
;>
eat ,1
co
n.i"ess,
.on,
't;he
clenns
1n. c emnnded
even
for
the
t ·
,er
nR.
Cl
P,
o.
nd 1
-:.
s
11p
po
1n
t i
i!
ents
trom t he
unolen
n
neas
~
1th
\
·1h
ich
t he
oin
or
t
he
11
di
vi
d\
>al
and
the
co
ng
regation
had
con-
ii
1
11
n111atecl l t , the
:i
m.nn
.r
of
dispcsaJ.
for
t he cn
rc
e.s
ses
or
t:
1e
sin
-o_ r
r~.
n
s-?
, t
1e
1 nl l
ba.t
h
:i"
o1
..
l ev1
ti
cal cl mm
sing
ot
a.
ll
~,h
o h ri co 10
into
c
...
ntact
,1
th t he
si11-b
ear
i1
:..i
an
1.•
als,
t
he
d
emm1d
for
il
s"Gr1ct
:f'as'\i
and a
:c"
i'lioti
oll o-t
souls
,--all
must
co
l!l
"o:1.ne
t,,
se
t
fort
h
sin
aa n
most
horrible
defi.le:ae
n
t.
How
st
e:P,.il.y
th
ase
rit
es
con
d
cm1e
d
sin
P.S
a m
ost
daw1
1.
1
ole
th
111
~ ! ,!. ·
011
t he c 11sacr11tr:d
pr
ie
st sub
ject
to
the
cc
1
:su
:.
~1ng
fire
or
t11e
Lord's
ven
g
eance
becau
ae
of
it,
u
nles
s
ha
page
:,2
approaches
wlth
the
incense
of
prayer---the
blood
of
the
sac-
rifice
required
in
atonement--the
tams
used
in
confessing
the
sin--ho
w they
drove
home
the
tact
that
the
sinner
has
forfeited
everything
and become
subJect
to
the
tull
tury
ot
\.'ll'ath.
How
i
mp
z·
ess1vely
these
rltes
set
forth
the
inability
ot
man
to
e~r1c
a
te
h,
.
mselt
fro
m
the
uncle
annass
and
the
d
re
ad
\"/
ag
es
ot
s1nt
Every
bit
of
instruction
tor
this
atone-
ment shows
the
sinner
approaching
only
by
vil'tue
ot
the
t,ord
• s
gr a
ce.
l!:v
e:r,rth
ln
g sho'7s atonement
affected
by
means
estab-
11
she
d
by
the
laord
tor
rno.n.
.1hoever d
oes
not
approach
as
a
suppli
an
t
to
this
6
rnce
(the
entrance
mth
incense)
nor
by
these
God-ap
pointed
means
has
only
death
to
e:xpect.
surely,
in
Vic
,,
of
it
all
tllere
,,as
reason
for
a
call
to
afflict
t.1le
soul
in
contri
tiont
It
is
because
tlle
day
,as
such a
mirror
of
sin
that
some
have
called
the
Day
of
Atonement "t.lie
national
day
of
humiliation
and
p
rayern
or
the
Old
Testament.
A .·
uuloR
Ol
i'
G
RA
C
I!
! But
darlt
as
the
Day
of
Atonement
pictures
sin,
so
brightly
it
mirrors
the
Lord's
grace.
God
provid
es a
metliatcr
\
•1
},
.om
He
m.ll
accept
for
the
people.
God
provides
a ,,ay
in
,.-f.!'lich
that
mediator
can
approac
h
even
to
t ·1e Ho
lie
st P
lace.
God Drovicl
es
en
atonement e.cc9'0table
1n
. .
t he
si
ght
of
i1 s h
olin
e
ss
and
Justice.
Go
e"'
cle
an
ses
t'rom
sin
1n
th
r•.t
atoni
nr~
l>
lood,
yes,
sends
tbe
guilt
a
rra.,v
t"or
good.
He
accepts
.,
ag
ain
by
that
atonement
the
peo
p
le
as
H
is
holy
nation
and
accepts
their
gi
1
"ts
encl
deeds
of
service
as
accept-
able
a
nd
pleasing
in
H
is
s1c;b.t. \n
1at
a
call
it
was
to
reJoice
1n
the
Lord,
the
Lord
God
merciful
and
gracious,
anrl
lons-
page
33
eutf'
e
r1
ng
,
and
abundant
1n
mel'OY
an
d
truth,
mo
forglveth
1n1qu1
t y and
tro.ns
g
ress1on
and
sin!
~
'1h
~t a
call
to
sincere
e
re.ti
tude
and
earne
st
resolution
to
hallow
Hie
nomet
All
th1
s,
no
doubt,
did
not
strmd
out
so
cle
a
rly
1n
the
a1nd
of
the
Old
Teste.mont
believer
as
to
us
who
applJ'Oac."1
and
view
t hl s Dey
ot
Atonement
in
the
li
g
ht
of
tultilment.
Yet
this
g
ospel
of
the
Aton1
nt1
Blood
and
the
Great
.tecll.~tor
tor
Bin
\'r
as
there,
o.nd God Is Sp
ir:l
t
by
it
mrked
and
sustained
the
savi
ng
faith,a
fa1
th
wh
ich
could
rise
to
such
heights
of
assurance
e.s
1.18
f111d
expressed
in
-the
psalms
ot
David.
Be-
cause
111
1
ts
l'l.ea.p1ng
ot
all
the
sin
of'
all
the
people
on
the
substitute,
nnd
the
complete
re
m
oval
ot
it
fro
m them
all
that
t h
is
d
ay
centered,
1 t
is
the
Old
Testement
•·s
gre
a
test
mirror
of' B'rn
ce,
the
Good
Friday
ot
the
Old
Covenant.
Ii
PICTURE
OF
LI
.ll
T
J\
TIOH
But
ntter
all,
it
ms
still
the
Old
Testa-
ment. J\nd
it
mirrors
the
limitations
of
th
at
covenant.
Th
is
Dny
of
Atonements w
as
a
ded
and
de~
m
e.
nded
111
ad.di
tion
to
the
m
o.ny
ceremonies
or
purlnca~ion
and
to
t he m
any
sa
ori
noes
tor
sin.
Were t h
ey,
then,
not
p
ict
u
re
d as
of
li
m
ited
e
tt1cacy?
The med
iator
consecrated
e
ccor
d1n
cr
to
Go
d
's
i nst
it
u
tion
on
this
<ln..v
ap
p
ears
as
one
in
ne
ed
of
a
ton
em
ent
lli
11
sel
f .
Is,
~hen,
his
m
ediation
pla.oed
under
the
shadow
of
queat1on--1s
it
after
all
tulland
tinal
mediation?
The
ti.toneme11t
or
t
11
1s
day
must
be
repented
year
by
year.
F:Ver:t
year
there
1s
need
(?t
a netr Day
ot
Atone-
ment.
Is
then
also
this
atonement a.:rter
all
but
a
l1
ra
1ted,
incomplete,
1nsuf't101e11t a
tonement?
on
th1
a
day,
indeed,
page
)II-
the
va11
before
the
Holy
of
Holl;es '\78.S
11
tted.
Yet
•
not
the
people
dnred
enter,
and
atter
the
rites
were
com
p
lete
it
w~s
:not
lifted
again
tor
another
year.
'.'/
as
this,
then,
af'ter
all
but
a
be
g
inni~
~
or
restoration?
A Pf
\Q
il
I SE OF
GR
E
ATER
THI
HG
S
TO
CO
i,lE
Although
admitting
itself,
by
its
very
requirements,
insufficient•
in-
co
m
plete,
and
li
mi 1;ed,
yet
the
Day
of
Atonement t1as a
day
or-
da
ined
by
God
Him
self,
and
its
expiation
is
accepted
by
H1m
tor
t he
peo
p
le.
.And
so
th1s
singul.er
da
y w
as
one
great
pro-
m1
se,
a p
ro
m
ise
of
tull
atonement
and
ot
a
perfect
?.fed1ator
a11d
or
a
tull
and
tree
entrance
to
the
throne
of
God.
•Thia
de.y ,
nt
h
its
all-e
r-
i
bracing
expiation,
foreshadowed
typically
e.nd
pr
ef
i
fu"'tl
re
d p
rophetically
the
ultimate
and
.
highest
a1m
of
the
Old
T
est
m
aent
economy,
viz.,
perfect
reconciliation•
(Keil-Delitzsc
h ,
Pentateuc
h ,
Vol.
II,
p.
263. Cp.
also
p.
259,
260).
I t
is
to
the
features
.
of
the
Day
ot
Atonement
pointed
out
1n
t
he
se
l a~t t \
'10
parac~
ra
~
hs
thnt
attention
1s
dram
by
the ,;
rt
ter
of
the
Ep
istle
to
t\ e
He
bre\"ls.
It
is
to
h1s
eva-
lu
at i on
or
tha
Day of Atonement
th
at
we
,71.sh
further
to
di-
:r•
e
ct
our a
tt
en
t
io
n.
page
35
ITS
EV
"1J.,UATIOH
IN
THE
l!l>I
STLE
TO
T:iE
HEBREWS
THE
EPISTLE
ll
EFERS
TO
THE
DAY
OF
J.TOI
E:I
EMT
That
the
author
ot
tho
epistle
to
the
Hebret7s (
~
1 oh
m,
ahnll
quote
hereafter
simply
o.s
"Hebt'e,.,sn)
ref'ere
to
the
nay
of'
Atone-
me11t
of
the
Ol
cl
Testament
is
09pare11t
to
eve17
Bible
student.
Al
thou
19
1
the
na.,v
1 s
never
rof'erred
to
by
name,
yet
the
d1
s-
ti
ncti
v e
ritunl
ls
def'1n1tel.y
referred
to
HebretTa
chapter
7,
27;
9,
7; 12.
25;
10,
3.
19.
20.
These
p
aosases,
1n
turn,
st
t,:i.
nd
or e
anic
nl
l y
oonnaot
rl
t71.
th
the
sections
in
nhlch
they
oco
\,
r,
ru
'lt
l
lo
r;
ic
n.
lly
oom1eoted n1
th
othor
raterenoes
in
the
e•
1
st
l
e.
In
the:
n
,.,e
f'1nd
the
evaluation
mich
the
author
ot
Hc
bre
rr
s,
e
.11
·1 t h
ro
u ,1
hi
m
the
H
oly
Sp
1r1
t,
places
upon
the
Old
Test
run
ent
D
F-
y
of
A
tone
m
ent.
It
1s
a
high
estimate
th
~t
the
author
ot
.
Hebrens
th
us
e;
ivee
to
this
day.
The
pur
p
ose
ot
the
epistle
is
to
establis
h
the
tnith
ot
Je\71.sl'l
corlverts
ffllo
stood
in
danger
ot
beine;
oi'terided
by
the
reproach
and
persecution
the
Ch
r1st1:m
f'e.1 th
ha.cl
to
meet,
t7
h
1le
bei
ng
taken
in
by
the
seem1ne;
splen
d
or
of
th
e
old
Jem.sh
rituel,
its
te:.:iple
appoint-
ments,
and
tl!e
p
ri
-
v!lages
1 t seemed
to
enJoy
in
the
Rome.n
world.
The e.
istle
t h
eref'ore
o·
.
ooses
t1ie most
significant
and
out
sta.na.1.n1
me.
rite
of
the
,Je,'11sh
relie1on
and b
;.,
com~ar1-
son
gi o
•,
e ho
._
.,
inf1n1
tely
nbove
the
r.,
all
stl-\nde
Christ
o.nd
......
t he
salvation
Gm
H1s name. By
1ncl
u
d1118
1n
such
a.
dlsc
1
1
ss1on
t h e Day or Atonement t,ha.t
hi
fs'h
rank
and
a1(P11f1oanoe
the
author
of'
the
epistle
ass1(9ls
to
1 t !
IHSUFF1:CIENT
BECAUSE OF THZ
!,
:A'l'URE
OF
TH
E
HI
GH
PRIEST
page
36
High
as
the
ho~
m-iter
ranks
the
Old
Testament
Day
ot
Atonement,
he
yet
v1e\7e
it
as
subJeot
to
a
nugber
ot
llm1-to.t1ons.
1.
tore,
he
points
to
items
ln
the
vor,J
ritual
-
ot
the
day
a.a
proving
it
1no.dequa.te.
For
in
s
tance,
he
shone
the
hi
~
priest
to
be
declared
b-.·
the
atonement
r1
tual
as
1nourt1cient
tor
the
true
fulfilment
or
th1
s medlo.tor.l.el
office.
Chapter
5,
verses
l-3,
and
ch.
7,
22ff',
t\'10
points
of
insuftlcieney
in
the
na-
ture
of
the
Ol
d
Teatament
hi
gh
priest
are
pointed
out.
The f
or
~
or
pa
ssage
first
directs
attention
to
the
pur-
po
se
or
th
e h1
1;;ll
9
1'1
e
stl~,
of'f'!ce.
11
F.v1J:ry
hl
(.:
;h p
:rleet
taken
f'
r on
r.1
~n
is
or
da
in
ed f
or
m
en
in
t·
~
ings
pertai
n
ing
to
God,
th."tt h e may o
:f
i'
er b
t!
1
g1.
f'ts
and
sacr1fices
tor
slns".
The
{J
'~·"'
hi
gh
pl"l
ce
t i
s-
om
1n
ed
~
a1~ve111-,,tAJ~
,
in
behalf
ot
r.1.en
1
,.,
' '
"'
.,
and t h t
7"'
11eos
To"
u,o.,
G
ott,
vg
l.
2,
17
11
(K
ell).
,
"in
ihren
Bezlehu
nge
n zu
'!' .1 q i s :f'Urther
explained
by
the
st
n
te
me
nt,
11
th:,t
he
:nn.
v
otter
both
gif'ts
and
sacr1f1ces
for
C.
'
,.
"'
SiUS
1
U7i,e
ocf<-
ate
TluJ~
•
All
t ,1
is
decl
a
res
the
highpr1estly
office
an
otrice
ot
mo
c1.
i n
t1on
tor
men's
gu
ilt,
nterliat1on
nit
h
God
. No
ff
by t hr.t t~
ct
the pr.l.noip
le
a
?p
lies:
"Let
an
innoce
nt p
ers
o11
coce
o.nd mal:e
ex
.9
1ation
tor
the
guilty,
end
not
a gu
ilty
per son come o
nc
t nt!ke
expi~.tion
f'o:r
the
gu
ilt-
less"
( Schaf
f'-T.,an
•;
e,
Hn
br
e
!.v
s ,
p.
102).
But
Vlho.t
does
the
ritual
of
the
l)
aY
of
Atonement
reveal
ot
th
e
high
priest?
( li'Qr, as
Ke
il,
"3
r1
et and
He
br.
a
p.
125:tf
quot1nc
Hofman
points
ou
t,
'' t
:'!
e aut h
or
has
ln
min"
the
r1
te
of
the
D~
of
At
o
nement")
It
sh
o·1
s
thet
the
hi
gh .
riest
v,efK11r~,
ir,IJ,'n,w.
page
37
He
1a
enco
..
pass
ed
(a
s one mi
(#l
t
be
by
11~~,
or
as
by
the
skin)
n
it
m
oral
l7eakuess "so
that
he
can
in
no
oondit1on
ot
eartllly
life
be
c
on
ce
ive
d
as
sep
arate
:rrom
1t
1
1n
a
condition
entirely
1;1depandent
of
humrm
\'llll
( sche.f'f'-Lan
e;
e,
1b1,
':.).
,
:,
J I /
A
nd
so,
J,
tllu,
"'"
(
since
rd
thout
tb1
s
int1r:n1
ty
1 t
would
be
otherwi
s
e),
he
1s
under
obl1ga'ti1on,
J,~,'A,,
,
to
observe
the
re
gu
lation
or
l,ev.
4,
3-12,
anC,,
particularly
ot
the
Day
of
Atonement,
Lev.
16,
Has
tor
the
peo
~
le,
so
also
tor
h1::i-
self,
to
off
er
for
91.ns
11
(
1tat1
=
on
acco
u
nt
ot).
Ti
us
the
author
or H
ebrer,s
points
to
tllis
requirement
01'
the
atone-
ment
r!
tu
al
as
declnr1ng
t · e
ve~
,
hi
gh
priest
•,
'4
thout
whom
obs
e
rv
a
nce
of'
the
nay
1s
i
mp
ossible
to
be
1nau:rt1c1ent
to
a
ct
ns
a
·t
rue
medi
at
or,
n
••••••
de.
es
sich
um
sunende 11
ertre-
tu
ng
. vor
Cl
ott
han
delt,
zu
vrelcher
lteln
rt
ensch,
der
selber
II
II
II
.
der
sunun
g
be
ll
e.rt
bet'a.liigt
1st.
Es
gab
e
eben
solche
Vertre-
tun
g
gn
r 1
11.cht,
v1e1m
nicht
Gott
ale
ordnete,
der
e.lle1n
diesen
·
an
g
el
cladu
rch
e?
•s
et
zt,
dasz
er
sie
ordnet"
CKotma."1,
quot
ed by Ke
il,
"
3r1ef'
,
'm
d.
Hebr.
11
p.
124).
In
He
'b
r.
7,
23ff
t i
11
1 s satJe '1
1nf1m1tY"
of
all
the
(p
rie
st s
1s
p ,1
nte
d
out,
nnd a
aorrel:ite
·
1nsurn.c1enc;v
ao,ded:
\!!
The,.
a1~e
.9
r eva11ted
by
d.
eat
l'l
fro
m
abiding"
(
J,~
~
'-'""ff'
1<1"J..f,.tr4.,
11ateOC/L.:..,,,,~,
viz.,
1n
their
:,
r1esthood;
not
''i
n
lite",
as
th
at
m,uld
r e
sult
1n
au
111sutf'oral>le pl a
titude
and
not
tit
t
he
succeecU 1g
context).
T
:•
is
imntff'1c1ency
appears
in
' ' J ' ' air,'//'
the
tact
11
they
ar·e bec
om
e
priests
as
111
any
11
,
o,
I'•~
•
flo~J
(
r1r.,/-rsJ
~'t'a.cJ,
s.s
also
the
orcU.nanoes of'
the
Dey
of' A
tonement
~t7
in
providin
g
tor
succe
s
sors
111
office
to
Aaron.
!hether
the
11J.u~"''J
is
taken
to
rater
to
s1multnneoue
plurru.it:,,
referri
ng
to
t
he
f
act
th
at
Aaron (Ex. 26
f)
mis
not
1n-
steJ.le
rl
al
om
:1
but h
is
sons
m.th
him,
or
the
entire
priestly
f
a.111
1ly
in
t
hem
, a a
Kell
(Br1
!3
f'
an
d.
He
br.,
p.
19J~)
and
others
c
on
t e
nd;
or
-:mo
th
er
1t
ls
teken
to
r a
ter
to
successive
p
lur
al
! ty , t!
'?.
e
es
tn'hl1sl:meut
of
a
succeas1on
to
of
f1ce,
as
mo..
11Y
co
.t
end; t
he
e.r&f\Jm
ent
ot
the
verse
remains
the
aa.
rn
e.
Th e t
ho
u
bh
t i s t
.1
1
s:
The
sinn
e
rs
ha
ve
need
co
ntlm:ally
to
h :ve a
:'!e
t
'iiat
or
?.
ct1n
g
1n
their
bellalf'
(
comp
a
re
the
iiolvn,r&.
1n
v.
23, :md t ho "1,ttl'
Jptf-Cr"
1n
v.
27)
;
since
·
they
sin
d."lily.
Bu
t 1n t he n·
ture
o
f'
the
Old
Testn:nent
priest
hood
there
~
,as
e
ver
an, nt~ain a
bre
ak
1n
th
at m
ediation,
o.s
one
higll
priest
ste
pped
into
t
he
p
lace
ot
a
nother
w
hom
deo.t
:.
1
had
removed
f
ro
m o
lf
1ce.
/J.W~
l S 1 t
\'1116
ne
cessary
to
loo
k fol'\'la
rd
to
an-
ot
h
er
t o
co
me
,
:ror
someth
ing
m
ore.
N
ever
1:1
0.
s t he
question
,
fi naJ.l . , co
mp
l
P.
tel
y p
ut
esi
d
e:
Ia
the
mole
ot
what
is
nec-
ess
ar
y t o
:t
u
ll
rec
onc111a.t1011
\'11t
h
God
110'1
forever
attained?
(
Co
n pa
re
t he
•~.s
r~ »-•.,·
n.A~.s
.
in
the
co
mp
o.rlson).
B
ot
h 901n
ts
avi
d
ent
in
tile
Ol"i11n
an
oes
of
the
Yo
rn
---
th
P
.t
of'
si n
fU
ln
ess , and
th
e.
t
of
a
pl
1.
:r
al
ity
of
priests
be-
cau
se
of • e
eth
--
e.
• ~o
1nt
e " out
as
eo:aet · .
ln
g 1:.1
.:
orrect
and
u
ni::
at
1 f0
ct
o
r.
•,
v.
26:f'f.
11
~
or
suc
:1
o.
n h1f
;h
.
rle
r.
t
bec
am
e
uo•
(
l!ue
e..
us\/ , was a:
·p
ro
p
rl
e.
te.
"Tl1~t
is
co
m
plete
1n
eve:ey
resp
e
ct,
1'
1-1
lly
titti
ng
ror
his
task",
Lens
l;
1,
Inte?-p.
or
rt
ebr.,
p.
2
➔
2),
t1e
author
et
~
tes,
an
d
then
g
oo
s
on
to
pictu1•
e a
hi
gh
i::
,
r1est
in
nhom
the
very
op
posite
0
.1.
thsse
un-
sa
t1sf
a
otor.v
c
ha.r:.-.
ct
er1st1os
tlJ'9
round.
I n
f'ive
1
te
::i
s,
page
39
(obJeotively
p
resented
nlt
hou(;h
the
wrltor
has
only
Jesus
1n
m
ind)
.J
ea
ch
1
te
m !'orr:1ing
an
o.p
p
os1
tion
to
the
ra,olfToJ I
t he
hi
gh
.9
11.est
i s
char
a
ctorlzcd
,·
uio
1s
truly
a9proprie.te
to
li
h.e
p
ur
p
ose
of
hi s o1"f'1ce.
First,
unlike
-
the-high
priest
ot
the
Ol
d T
est
ar
ent,
he
mu
-·t
be
Kcr,o.s
,
t'J'1
thout
a
single
speck
of
p
ollution
(:i
te:zm
usecl
in
L
.'
~<
for
the
Hebrew
1chas1df,
e.e;.,
P
s.
16
:
10
aml qu
ote
,1 A
cts
2,
27;
13,
35).
secondly,
he
must
be
«Kot.Kos ,
"m.
t 1 n
ot
11
tl'i.1ng t hat
is
b11d
1
base,
or
ev en m
or
al
l y 1
11
f'e
ri
o
I"
a
ttac:ling
to
hi m
",
-"i:1e
hP..ve
no.,
e:xe.ot
Eng
li
sh
eq
u1v
al
ent
11
(J..
,'3nak1). Th
irdly,
he
~
ust
be
~14,,:,,~TOJ' ,
11
·.1! t .out
...
st
ai
n".
T!rn
se
t h
ree
adJeotive
·s
em
Dhas1ze
the
t h
ou
g1
1t
ot
:
f.
bs
olu
t e
a1nlessness
and
:>ertection.
Fourt
!.
l.y,
he
mu st
be
i n a
st
:i
te
(
µe
r:ra
ot
9
n.
:rt1ciple)
ot
ha
ving
been
se
pa-
r a
te
d
fr
om s
1111
1er s ,
11
w1 th
dra
,m1 from
sinners"
,
s"
that
he
can-
not
on
an
,y
co
un"li
be
cl
e.
ss
ed
w!th
them. ( 5)
An
d
then,
t1f'thly,
ho
nee
ds
"Go
be
II
eco
1ne 1
1.
i
f,;
her
than
the
heavenn,
Su
th
at
he
1s
ever
1n
p
o!.i
i
ticn
to
dev.l
dir
e
ctly
..
4th
G
od
And
th
at
in
t l1e
M
ot
e ( 5
):
' hi o ~rt 1
ci
'O
i
al
oll
rase
ha
s
caused
:n
uch
CO!!l
"
ent;
even
as
th
ere
1s·
d1
o ·
ree
m
ent
among
co
m:
..
entators
on
the
exe.ot
sh
e.
cle
of
met'l
.ro.n
..;
to
be
assi gned
to
the
thr
ee
preceding
l'.dJoc-
tlves.
f;
cm
e i !l
ter
o
ret
the
11
ke
choor1om
enos"
ot
Jesus•
separa-
tion,
by
virt
a
of
H
is
as
cens
i
on,
tro
r.1
co
nt
a
ct
\'11.
th
a111ners,
or
i'ro
m the s
ui'
feri
ng
s
occ
a
sioned
by
His
work
tor
sinners
(Keil,
loo.
cit.
p.
19
$
).
Thl s \'lould
be
local
separation.
Others
ts
'· e i. t
in
the !
:ioral
sense
of
II
a
bsolute
1r.unun1
ty
from
contagion
or
sta
in"
i•
1h
ile
outwa
rdly
d\7ellin
g
in
contact
w1.
th
sinn
e
rs.
T
..
us
1t
seems
that
the
force
of'
the
\'10rlt.
nnd
the
context
are
se
.t1
sf'ie
d m
th
the
1
d.
ev
.:
Though
out,1ardly
a man,
so
at
:first
g
lance
111
the
sa
me
ole.ss
with
Binners,
yet
Jesus
vras
not
Qn
~ ,
:i
ocount
to
be
classed
w1.
th
sinners.
Even wllen
"m
ade
to
be
sin
:f'or
us",
P.
e \
'IA.a
still
in
a
class
by
iU
m
self'.
One's
d
ecision
1n
the mRt
ter
'1111
de
pend
on
whether
"k
echoorls-
menosq i s r e
ferr
ed
to
t he
ti
me f o
llowi
ng tho
qheauton
anenenglte.s" ,
v.
2
7,
or
(
as
we do)
prior
to
it.
•
page
lfo
fullest
measu
re
11.
eedi'Ul
for
those
71hoA8
can"
and
cause
he
would
media
te.
(Tile
author,
01"
course,
expects
his
readers
~o
see
at
once
tll
at no one
but
Jesus
could
A.ctually
of'f'er
,l.ll
t h
is
1
r1
11111
pe
rson.)
. Then
the
M'1
ter
of' Hebre't"ls
adds
a
relative
CJ.a.use, which
"does
not
add
to
the
predicates
g
iven
a
nen
one
''
(.
i\e
1l,
B
rief'
an
d.
· H
ebr.
p.
l9
S:
nrllgt
ze
den
II
genannte;1
l'l"a
dic
a
ten
n1oht
e1n
neues
hlnzu•),
but
rather
sho
ws what
the
i'or0a0111g
oha.racterlzat1on
means
tor
the
per-
f e
ct
ri.i@l
pI
•i
e
st'
s w
or
k.
It
means
tht\t,
unl1J
te
the
actual
hi
gh
pr
i
es
ts
of
ii
he
Old
Covennnt,
he
would
not
day
by
day
b
ea
r t
he
nece
s
ait
y
of
having
h
is
o'l.7ll
sins
provided
f'or
and
t
hen
i'i
l's
t o
"re
l"
for
the
sins
of
the
peo9le,
nor
would
he
day
b,
d y b
e!.\
r t j
ie
nece
ss
l
ty
or
perf'om1n
g a
ver
11ew
saor1f'1ces 1
or
t he
;:,e
l o. rr
he
i'or.ner neoess1 t
:y
l:t
ovl d
be
out
ot
the
/
ue
~ti
n b
ecau
se e
had
no
sins
ot
a1s
0\1n;
the
l
e.
tter,
be-
/
ca
vse
(
&s
J
OSlin
actu?..lly
<11«
by
oelf-sacr1f1co)
he '1tould '
sa
tisfy
Q.!.
1
req
u
ir
e
11
1
ent
s
forever
\'1
1th
a
sin
g
le
sacrl:f'ice,.
'l'his
pa
r
o.;:h
rn.se
of
ver
se 27
of'f'ers
our
soluticn
ot
the
"cru:-:
1ntaz
pr
etum
11
r:ilsed
by
the
stateme11't:
n·
;
1h
o
needeth
11ot
daily,
as tl
:.
o
se
hi
gh
p1
..
ieots,
to
offer
up
sacrifice
first
f'or
his
oi:m
sins,
a·,
c.
11
, s
ince
t!le h1
e;
h p
riest
(bot
h
accord1n
$
to
t he
Old
Testa.
1:1
ent
res
entati
on
a
nd
the
st
a
te
m
ents
of' H
ebrews,
9,
7;
10,
l)
a.otu l
ly
did
not
d!lilY
ofter
aacr11"1ce
f'or
his
ow11
sins.
\'
ie
are
o.f
the
opinion
that
the
pos1
tlon
asoigned
,
clenrly
indicates
that
t he w
rl
tar
wa.s
fully
aware
of
the
·
f'act
that
in
a.otual
perf'o
:rrna
11oe
t
he
1l
bh
pr1
a
sts
d1d
not
a.a.v
by
da..v
repeat
the
Page
41
J / . ,
true,
mid
th
nt
ot
""(N7/
~ •.fd was
day~,
day---whether
ao-
l
mo
w
le
dged on
ly
on
-
occasion
by
the
obsor
-
vance
ot
Lev.
4 by
th
e hi .h p
ri
e ..
t,
or
presuppose
·d by
the
special
ceremonies
of'
i nnug
ur
a
t1on
a
dd
consecration,
or
vie
\'led
as
auf'ticently
· sa
tis
f
ied
by
G
od's
pro~isions
of'
those
consec
r
atory
rites
and
of
th
e
11
m1ual
rite
of'
the
Yoma
Kippur1m,
so
mat
"on
the
~tro
ng
t h of t h
is
b
lood-ac~omplished
expiation,
the
p
riests
co
ul d, t
hr
ou
fiho
ut
the
year,
present
in
the
sanctuary
the
da
il
y
nd
w
eel
c
ly
offerings"
(Lange).
The
writer
stresses
that
he
does
no
t ha
ve
refe1•ence
to
the
daily
perf'ormance
of
such
sacr i
fi
ce
but
to
the
daily
need
of
havin
g .
this
prerequisite
ss
t!s
r e
ctorily
settled
·
in
Ghe
sight
of
God.
Furllhermore
it
se
er
r1
s t o
us
th
A t 'lihe
position
assigned
the
,.,ords
all6'17B
for
the
doubl e
re
fe
r
ence
of
the
'A
" C:-t6tfK'1"iild1cated
above,
looking
both
to
th
o
f2cts
jus~
stated
and
to
the
other
fact
t~at
the
h i h pr i est a
ctu
a
lly
did
of
-
fer
many, a g
rea
-t many
sacrifices
f'
or
the
p
eo
p
le,
nnd
that
d9::r
~
~:r
the
need
for
them
exis41i8
ed
bec
a
use
of
the
'infirmity"
attaching
to
the
hi
gh p
riest
and
bec
aus
e
ol'
t he
insufficiency
of
the
of'f'ering
sac
l'
i.fic
·
ed.
Both
the
s e l a
tt
er
consid
e
rations
are
included
1n
'Che
statement
made
•
.,.,,,,.v,,.
,..
,J
a
;'
1
J;'
.f..
t . .,,,.},,,
II
~
"'"
of'
Jesu
s '1T6Ur o
o-
e ,;;a,,,uiv ~
P"'
illt,r
•--
,t
• The
-r•11To
here
is
to
be
ta
lcen
in
the
sense
"
the
latter",
as
.
it
evidently
is
meant
to
1-.""":,
~
-.-ac,tr•
re.fe
r
on
ly
to
the
inu
nediately
precedi~
u·u
roe
rwv:'
".
(
Op.also
the
line
of
arg
ument p
resented
by
I:iensld.,
Interp.
ot
Hebr.
p.2
45
.f'f).
This
presentation
with
its
direct
reference
to
.
J~sus
1
ful
f
1lme
11
t
of
the
requirement
leads
to
a
statement
re
ga
rding
the
o-c
h
er
"i
nf'irmity",
v.28,
"For
the
lav,
ordains
men
high
Page
42
prie
ut s
pos
s
essing
infirmities,
but
the
word
of
the
oath-
s,
·,e
ar
i
ru~
, ( i;hat occurl:'ed)
after
the
la,1,
(
ordains)
a
son
p
er
f
ecte
d
to
eternity".
That
stat8l'llent
includes,
though
it
is
of
cour
se n
ot
the
primary
thoU(91t,
that
the
plurality
of
hi
gh
pri
es
t s a
nd
t
heir
evel:'-recurring
removal
from
office
by
death
wa
s
so
m
et
h
in
g f a
llin
g
short
of
the
requiaites
of
comp
lete
medi
ati
o
n.
T
hus
in
the
very
character
of
its
high-priestly
of
f
ici
an
t
t4
e Ol d
Testament
Day
of
Atonemrmt
is
shoym
to
be
r
th
e mnr
ks
of
limitation
and
incomp
leteness
•
.!l
~SUl"
-;_il
iCI
ElJT
BEC
AU
SE
OF THE SAC~I •
IC
E Hebrews
also
points
to
the
very
sacri-
fice
which
the
Old
Testament
rite
of
a t
one
m
en
t
off
ered
as
indicating
imperfection.
\'le
found
this
s·i
;:
li
:ed
i n
the
p
ns
sa
,~e •
:1
e
ha,,e
just
revie,·,ed
when
th
at
passa
ge
s >ol:e o..
the
ne
ed,
lihe
daily
need,
of
re
p
eated
sacrifice
for
t he si m; of i
:he
people.
'.1"his
1s
treated
rather
extensively
i n ch pt e
rs
9 ond
10.
-
".L
'hus v
,e
1~e
n.
cl
ch.9J
v.6.7.,"The
priests
went
all"tays
into
th
e .fi r
st
ta
bern
n
cle
(
the
rore-tentJ
i.e.
the
holy
pl
fl
ce),
acco
mp
li
shi ng
the
service
of
God.
But
in
the
senond
(the
inner,
i ~
e.
the h
oly
of
holies)
went
the
high
priest
alone
once
ev-
ery
yea
r,
not
w
ithout
blood,
~hich
he
offered
for
himself,
and
i'or
t
he
errors
of
the
peop:j:e.
'~
·
This
is
a
distinct
ref-
er
en
ce
to
t
he
Day
of
Atonement,
and
so
the
offerinB9
of
th
at
oa
y ~
re
difimitely
included
in
the
statement
of
v.9•,
·' t he1•e
.•
11
··e
:::a
o
off
e
red
both
g
ifts
and
snorii'ices
th
at
could
not
make
him
that
did
the
service
perfect
as
pertaining
to
the
co
n
!'l
cience;
\'
lhich
stood
only
in.n1eats
and
drinlcs,
and
div
er
s ,w
.s
h.i.ng
s,
and c
rnal
ordinances
". As H
aubner
Page
43
st
o.
uea
( r
al
c
t.
h'rk
l.
d.
H.T
.,
vol.
4,
p.
492),
"The
tran-
qu:t111z1
ng
of
t
he
conscience
is
the
end
of
all
S6
Crifices,
d
el
i
ver
!iin
ce
fr
om t
he
dreadful
g
uilt
that
condemns
us
and
f r
or
11
the
i'ee.r of t
he
avengin
g
God.
·i·he m
ore
the
conscience
wa
:-i
l'l
rouae
d ,
th
e
les
a
could
sacrifices
a
ppease
and
satisfy
/
i
'ti•
l's
. 5
1,
l~
" . The
sacrifices
coulci
not
bri
ng
the
co
m-
p
lete
ns . ur i
ce
of
hea
rt
that
all
sins
have
been
for
g
iven
by
0-od Him
se
l f .
.1.n
that
sense
they
oam10t
n,\uo'c,.,.
,
bring
to
the
desi
re
d gon
l.
In
f q
ct,
the
holy
w
riter
g
oes
so
far
__)
,
,I
' _
fl
✓
' , '
as
t o sn:y
of
them , •
1,1,ovo.,
a
r,
,-Jf
ldf"
°'
""
,c",t,t,
1i/o~rn
,,.
X
""-
t
J,
'l_d
,{o
o,;
~a
-,1
o,c,,ll,J1,<,t1Jf«
ct1"e11.
Rlt~l<•J
.•
• " '
'oniy,
in
a
dditio
n
to
(ep
i)
f o
od
s nnd
dr
i n
ks
n
nd
va
rious
baptisms,
ordin
a
nces
about
f l e
sh"
.
The
sa
c
rif
ices
were
only
·1
6rd1nances
ab
out
flesh
11
( o:>.
1cct:tve
~
en
:t
t1
ve),
th
t
is,
re
o',l
l a
ti
ne;
the
w
orship
p
er•
s
"fle
sh'',
-che
o
ut
'i
t
arrl
body. iho.t app
lies
to
the
sacrifices
of
t
he
y
of
. t
on
omen
t,
too,
since
they
we
r e
just
mentioned.
·
1·
h i s t
hou
•
,:
ht
i s aga_
in
rep
e
ated
v.
13,
"
the
blood
·or
bulls
and
of
po
ts
, and
the
a
shes
of
an
heifer
sprinkling
t
he
un-
cl
e
o.
n,
san
cti
f'
i eth 1t o
the
p
urifying
of
the
flesh".
The
autho1•
of
II
eb
re
ws
her
e dlncleed
aaoi,!bes
a
cert
a
in
po
w
er
to
the
sa
c
rif
ic
es
( nl so
to
those
of
the
Bay
of
Atone
m
ent,
-,
yet
what
:o
li
mited
, c
ir
cumscr
ibed
powerl
:re
quote
Keil:
''
Das
· l
ut
von
6ck
en
und
Sti
e
ren
bracha~r
der
Hohe-
pr
iester
dos
!.¾
esetzes
z
ur
Stlnun
e;
der Y
ol
lc
s5em
ein
de a
lljlU!r-
lio
h i n
11
::i s
eil
ig
tum,
um
es
,·re
g
en
der
unreini
gl
c
ei
te~
der
Sijfte . I
srae
l s
in
a
ll
en
ihren
Siinden zu si\n
en,
Lev.
16,
16 .
Dam
1t v
erbindet
der
er r .
das
aus
der
Asche
der
roten
Kuh
b
er
ei
tete
Sp
ren
\·
10.s
s
er,
w
elches
de.zu
diente,
d
ie
duroh
be-
rH
ru
von Tot en ,
we
nschenleichen
und
T
oten
g
eb
e
inen
Unrein-
3e~·,01•denen zu h
alli
gon; vg.
li
um.
19
und
d s
nlih
o
1~e
ub
er
di
esen
Ri t
us
i n m. b1
1.>
l.
A
rchHol.
p
ar.
58.
-D
ies~
beiden
S
i!rwl.
1
tte
l d s G
esetzes
hoili
gt
en
'71'tls
T~
"StAf>"'.S
,<tel,l~~Tr<.
I
I
Page
44
Dos
Op
fe
r o
lut
rei
ni ~
te
die
Gemeinde
von
der
Unreinhoit
der
Si.\n<l
a, cln.s
~m
s
tl
or
Asche
be
1
•oitote
Sp
rcmgwasaer
rei
ni g
te
van
dc
,r
Un1
•e
i11
'h.
eit,
cl
ie
dor
Tod
als
Go:td
der
Siinde
wirltte.
Dur
•:h di e
beiden
Sli
run
ittel
\
"JUrde
aber
nur
de.s
il
uszerliche
Ve
rh
iil t ni c de1"
.i3
u
nd
es
gem
e1n
r3
ch
o.t't
der
Uem
~inde
1m
ganzen
od
&r
in
ei
nze
l
non
U
licd
er
n,
1enn
ea
durch
Sdnde
und
~
od
g
etrilbt
O~
C;'!r
,i-
0Etd1
•t
.w
e.r
, i
ieder
hor
g
es"tellt.
D
iese
;i
ied
e
rherst!3llung
w
:i.
rd
.,..i
'""'-e«-
..
.s
K'Ol1Jo<ed'
1
·1ri14
genannt.,
1m
Untersc9.ied
von
~t!helJ,,,,
~~
<r,1-,'c(J
~rn
./
v.1
4 v
r:
·l.
rllit
v.
9.
Die
ni,,...,,,.fl?J
.,
de.s
Ge\1is:ien,
1
st
dp
a a
uf
:Je
in
ne
i•silnliches
·,i
echselverhl!ltni:
" U
Oott
·
...
e-
.
~iiglic
he · .
ijiss
en
de
s t,i
enachen
um
sich
selbot.
H
ie1•n
a
ch
1st
·
di
o
der
rcJr"&
'iif.
,
o-
,;
entgegengesotze
~f.
nicht
die
1-eibliche
Na
tur
des 1
ans
c
he
n,
die
durah
Bertirun
g
von
Toten
verunrein-
i
~~
t ~1
or
d
en
·
,1
J
ir
e ( B
l.
de
W
.)
evenso
wenig
·
do
die
Stlnung
de r
Si\
ndc
c
de
i-l
ei
ni g
ung
des
Leive
s
1st.
·
~°'ff
1st
da s
iluszerliche,
v
ou
d
cr
i
t.\
ndi
i,;
on
I
fa
tur
de
r
14
enachen
boeinf'luszte
Verhi.ltnis
d
er
Vol
kse em
einde
zu C
rodd,
w
elches
cl.
urch
Silnung
der
Stin
de
und
d
urc
h B
es
pr
on
e;u
ng
cl.
er
mi
t
Toclesunreinhei
t B
ehe.fteten
r
,1
1 t ..
'.ila
sse
r•
von
a.e
r Kuha
sche
5
ereini
Bt
wurde.
Der
Ausllruclr:
f.lTloloJ
O',lJ<.,{).t111s
~vri'f
o11
tt&..
,
/l
sche
der
Kuh
sprengend
·,
d.h.
,
·,olche
sp
re
ng
t,
s t
::1
1
;t:
·1e
lche
ge :3p
rengt
w
1r
·
c1
auf'
die
Verum•eini
gt
en,
erlcl
a
rt
sich
dar n
us
, clasz
es
h
ier
nur
dnrauf'
a~lcam.,
die
U
estim
m
un
e;
,
zu
,1
e
lo
!:
1er d
S.e
A~
lche
de.
1st,
g
elt
·
end
zu
rna.chen,
so
daaz
von
1hr
ci
r• s p
rl
..
dicir
t 1e1•den
lconnte,
was
mi
t
der,1
a.us
1~9hasche
be-
r ei
tei
;
cn
Sp
ro
ng
wnss
er
er
z
ielt
·
mirde.
Das Vez:b.
t,"'-.,,T1'fourr«
1st
he:
e;e n o1
,1Jo1
0
11
VOl'l d~
X'
!l
enennung
des
zur
Tileunu.,~
.,~o
s:J_
esunrein-
hei
t u 11 K
uh
o.
sche
bereiteten
.
Spr
.eng•:11:\ssers:• p,<p-1.tlllNo"
wie
n
;1:1
'
-.
~ i n
de1"
LXX
'iibersetzt
1st.
f1e.s
nicht
d~s
Zv,eclc, s
ondern
de
11
i.i:
r
fo
l
e;
n
n;
;
abe11d
.
ff~s
rl
-~111•
lfAl.he,.,.,,,,..,,
in
Bezug e.ur
die
R
ei
nb.e
it
11
( 11r . an d .
Hebr.
p.213).
In
s 01
"t
,
"D
e
filement
· o.nd
cleansin
g
were
a.like
s:ymbol:l.o.
It
~
-,a.a
:·
:i.
t h:i.n
o.
we
ll-
de
fined
cer.emonial
lin1it
.
these
snc1•i!'ices
a
nd
vm.shi n
.,
a av
l'l.
iled
" (
.Dod
da,Exp.Or.
Test.
v
i.,p.334).
''l'he
Is
r n
elite
vno
offorea
a
leg
al
sacrifice
maintains
thereb
y
h
is
cor
p
orate
rnem
bership
in
i;l1e
Old
T~stament
·
covenant;
and
.-""
.·
i f
he
off
e
rs
'\'
1th
- a
ri
gh
t
disposi
ti.on
o:t
· m
ini,
he
experien~es
ar.i.
:
ns
·-1
e1
"i
;1
~
oper
a
ti
on
of
g
re.oe,
l1l t ·
still
the
holy
of
holies
r em
::dn
s
clo
sed
f
or
hi
m
1-
The
sacrifice
ri
hich
he
of'fe1•s
c a
nnot
\ ,r_ ... d
~C'G
him
IC'~,,..
n~nr;~,
can
n
ot
g
ive
hinl
e.n
.1.m
var
con-
sr.i
ousnea
s
of
pe
rfect
r .
eoonciliat:t:on
with
God,
perfectly
sa
tis
f i
ed
·
des
i r
es
a
fter
salva
ti
n,
Ql'
a
perfecte9,
a
nd
in·,·:a
rd
pe
a
ce.
'!'he m
p,
teri
nl
offerin
gs·
of'
the
le.,., a
re
but
par
a
bles
in,:;en
d
ed
to
l
st
only
till
the
time
men
the
re
·
ali
ty
shnll
..
p
ag
e
45
be
made
m,mi f
est.
Regarded
in
themselves,
thoy
are
incapable
of
a
ny
oper:>
ti
on
on
li
he
inw
a
rd
po.rt
of
man1' (
Deli
tzsch,
Com.
on
H
ehr
.
ii,
p
711.
This
insuff
iciency
6!
the
sacrifices
is
further
set
- -
....
f'ort;h
i n
the
1
0th
c
hap
ter.
v.a.l
we
read,
"The
la,1
•••
year
{
b
yea
r v
,i
th
t
he
as.nie
sacrifices
~-,hich
they
are
offerin
g
in
per
po
tu
it:1
i s
ne
ver ab
le
t~
orin
g
to
completion
those
who
di-a
w n
ea
r
11
• Thi R
is
an
evident
roferenco
to
the
sacrifices
or
t
he
o.y
of
Aton
ement,
who
se
rites
p
resc
r i
bo
d s
acrifices
onue
every
y
ear
ancl
identical
sacrifices
each
year.
The
,
•,rit
e r
of
iie
b1
•e
ws
poin
t
to
this
"ceaseless
repetition,
prencribed
by
th
e
law
itself
as
the
plainest
sort
of
evi-
denc
e
.t:0
1•
tho
f n
ct
th
at
the
goal
is
thereby
never
reached
'
',
(L
ens
k
i,
I
nte
!'}1
.
of
Ji
ebr.
l>•
328).
Those
so.orifices
cannot
,r
or
Jc
TLM
fi.cJer
,~
•
In
p1•
oof
of
this
the
author
asks
a
question,
"El
se , ·
,o
ul u
they
not
have
ce
a
sed
b
eing
offered
becasue
the
'lorah:t
p>o
rs
,
onc
e hn
vin
g
bee
n
cleansed,
ha
ve
no
r,1
ore
con-
sc
ien
ce
in
re,,
a
rd
to
sinY
11
Certainly,
if,
f'ine.lly,
1n
some
ye~r
t
hes
e sn
crif
ices
had
aehieved
their
goal,
they
would
have
cea
se
d. For
th
en,
oleans~d
,11th
enduring
permanence,
a
ll
of.'
t
he
s
ins
cleansed
a,.,ay,
no
more
sins
i·rou
ld
disturb
and
ha
rr
ss
co
nsc
ience.·
If
any
per
s
on
'8hntid
sin
a
nd
be
dis
t
urb
ed
in
conscience;
a
ll
he
uould
need
to
do
~ould
IJ8
to
r e
turn
in
repentance
to
that
fin
al
sacrifice
already
of
fe
red
(Lens
l
ci).
B
ut
tho
so.cr1fioes
of
the
Day
of
Atone-
ment
are
end
les
s
ly
repe
a
ted,
nlways
the
same.
One a
ets
no
f
arther
th
an 1,he
others.
"Co
mp
leteness
and
finality
is
-
\.
not
in
them,
c
ann
ot
be"
(Lenski).
On
the
contrary
·c
"',U Ol ) ,
Pn3e
46
•'in
connecti
on w
ith
i.hem
a
remembr
nee
of
ein!t
year
by
yenr;
for
i~
is
~npossible
for
blood
of
bulls
:mn
g
oats
tiO
ue
t nlt
ng
a'!1
ay
sins".
As
Lenski
putn
it
(op.cit.
p.329),
,
·
'T
he
who
le
institution
of
this
sacrifice
is
a g
rr.nd
reminder
\
of
u
ins,
in
the
,n
ost
seri
o
us
vr
ay
b
ringil16
them
to
tho
con-
sci
en
ce,
a
nd
th
nti alv,o.ys
in
the
same
\7
ay,
1
yee.r
by
y.ear1
".
Point-
bl nlt
the
aut
hor
ot
Hebrews
declares
it
an
impossibil-
i (, r, ,
'ty
t;totJ
~
·
,-o
Y-
l'"'f
)
!'
or
a
nimal
blood,
such
as
offered
on
't
he
D
o.
y of
t.
tonom
ent
,
eve
...
to
take
0.\10.y
(
i,"',e;,,)
sins
fro
m
1,h
e
sin
n
er
,
"free1na
him
from
their
hold
of
g
uilt
and
p
w11
shment
,
the
sac
••
if
ice
\
'Ii
th
its
blood
pickiDB
them
up
n
nd
ut
ter
l y t aki n . them away
11
(Lenski).
"There
1 s
no
rela-
ti
n b
ot
•:,oon
tho
phys
ic
al
blood
or
animals
and
man1 s
moral
of
fon
co
"'
( dd s
).
:iThe
blood
ot
anim
al
sacrifices
offered
on
t
ho
lt
a
:r
.. .,as
indeed,
under
the
Old
Testament,
a
divinely
pp
oi
n
ted
mea
ns
of
rnak
ing
o:
tonement
for
human
so
u
ls
(
Lev.
xv
:
ti
,
11
,
11
I
hn
ve
15
1
ven
1 t
11
) ,
but
a
means
mo.ni.f
es
tly
inade-
qua
t;
e
to
n
cno
m
plish
its
end
•••••
mie
animal
sacrifice
was
but
sh
ad
ow, an
cl
ye
t,
as
ordained
oy
God,
a
true
indicator
and
pro
nh
ecy
of
anothe
r
sacrifice
in
which
the
divine
will
!OUld be
.!U
l ly rccom ,
li
sh
od
11
(Delitzsch,
Bi'.o.n d •
.t:I
ebr.
p.149.
To
these
pa
ssa
g
es
one
m16ht
~ell
add
the
ar
g
ument
a
tion
o:f ch . 91 :~2- ~
6;
10,
5-:J.
;,!
. Hov1ever-,
the
ones
cited
clearly
refer
to
tile
ay
of
A
tonement,
end
1n
these
the
autho
of
Hebre
w
.a
ev
a
lu
n
te
s
that
Day
ns
~hort
of
ability
to
achieve
fully
Bn f
in
a
lly
1ihe
hi
~h g
oal
of
satisfyin
P.
conscience
and
freei
ng
me
n
fr
om
the
burden
of
their
guilt,
because
tihe
kind
of sa
cri
f
ice
p
rescribed
in
its
rites
was
in
its
•
I'
-
Page
47
own
stren
g
th
an
d
merits
insufficient.
Il
iSW
FIOI
EHT
EC
\USE
OF
· THE
PUCE
,mli
RH
THl~
RI ~
~E
W LS
Pl!.'iU
ilORMED
Interlocked
with
'Che
t\'70
prec
.
eding
considerations,
we
1'1nd
nnoth
er
insufficiency
alluded
to.
The p
lace
\mere
the
hi
gh
p
riest
performed
the
functiions
of
hia
office,
e.nd
wher e
he
bro
u•
ht
the
sacrifice,
also
reveals
the
1n-
suf£1ci
en
cy
of
th
e Yoma.
C'n
ap
t
er
8,
v.
5,
'."18
read:
(
11
On
earth
••••
there
are
t>
ri
est
th
!,
t
offe
r g
ifts
according
to
the
la.,n)
Who
serve
unto
t
he
ex
. m.pl e and
sh
ad
ow
of
ehe
a
venly
things,
as
hi
oses
wa
s
ci
dmnni ~
hed
nf' God, vlhen
he
was
about
to
malce
the
taber-
'
rumle:
for
, Se
e,
s:iith
He,
that
thou
ma
ke
all
thin
Fs
a
cc
or
d
in
~ t o
the
pn
ttern
shewed
to
thee
1n
the
mount".
The
a
u~
nr ns i
erts
in
cle
rest
la
ng
ua
ge
th
at
the
Levitical
p
ri
es
t s , .n
th
at
includes
the
hi~
~
riest
in
the
rites
of
tihe D y 01' ~.i.onem
ent,
"uerve••
,J."'-re.JorJ(i,1
·
--•'used
especially
in
cl
s s
ics,
LX
X, a
nd
l
.'.1'.
of
service
of
God,
with
.
da:bive
of
th e p
ers
on
se
1•ved"
(Dodds),--
but
they
serve
.:;.,.J,fp•r,
..
.,,.
Keil
correctly
brin
gs
the
rem
nder
t h
q.
t
i;
h
1s
is
not
in
te
nd
ed
to
De
"etvtas
H
erabsetzendes
;
';
for
the
t~
bern
cl
e
i3
exp~ossly
stated
to
be
a
snnctuary
erected
by tli vj.ne c
onn
:i
and
nnd A
ccordin
g
to
a
divi
n
ely
g
iven
pat
t
ern.
"A
ber
be
i a
ll
ed
em
i s d
ie
StiftshU.tte
nls
u"110'1&1rr•
I("_.,}
(T"J(,J.
,1.i:S~
!-
uooe,c,.;,..;.,
nicht
das
volllconu11ene H
e111
r;
turn,
in
welc
hem
G-
ott
b
ei
soinem
Volke
r1ir
l·
lich
wont uncl
die
Ge:rn•tmde
Isr
ae
ls
mi t i
hr
om
ott
wahrhart
verein~
~t
1st.
Und
in
die
ser H
in
s
icht·
:
1st
der
Gottes
cli
enst,
der
in
dem
ir
<l
ischen
H
e1li
gt
tlll
t 3epf'
le
at ·
11rd,
unvollko
mm
en,etc."
(Keil,
B
r.
an
Pa
ge
48
d •
li
ebr
. p .
20'/)
• Th
us
also
the
ri
tea
of
tho
Day
ot
At onem
nt
a
rc
i
nsu
ff
icient,
as t h
ey
a
re
rites
per.formed
/
in
lihe
s
er
vi ce
of
th
o
ta
be
rnacle
of
sh~
d
ow
and
~
icture~
/
'U110S-.,II'°'
11
be~e
ic
h
net
dos
veransch
a
ulichende
B
ild,
aei
es
Vo
r
h:llu
od
e1~
Ab
lJ
i l d
(:hier
u.
9,23)
11
(Keil);
11
a
si
gn
su
g~
estive
of
1:m~r
ch
in
g
11
,
,.
n
delineatirm",
"
outline",
per
haps
:
•s
wm
es
t i on" woul d
satisfy
the
present
paasa
s e (Dod
ds).
A
quo
.,
o.
.,
...
,
.,
"1
.L
·
ro
m ~
;,
• . !5 , •
l:
O i s n
dduoed
to
show
th
et
the
t ab~~
na
cle
i o d
escribed
by
God
H
imself
as
not
the
true
li
hi
nr~, lJUt
onl
y a
co
p
y.
Li
ke a
s..li
ado,1
it
h~d
no
inde
p
endent
exi
ste
nce , 110 su
bs
t a
nce
in
itself;
b
ut
only
ga
ve
a
ss
urance
t hnt
the
re
a
lity
did
exi
s
t.
'l'
he3e
t
ho
1 -
;h
t a ocou1•
aga
in
in
c;_
lJ.o
9th
ch
ap
ter,
1.J
hioh
be
..
ins
~i1;h
the
·st fltem
ont:
'
'11l1en
verily
the
first
covenant
. I
ha
d 1.l
so
o:a.
•~
lin
f\n
ce
s
of
divine
se
rvice,
an
d a
wordly
sanctu--
ar yr: . . I I
.
.'
i 1;h ;-o ·,
...
"'t/
'o"
1"otrp.1,co~
the
author
me1•ely
reminds
\
tha•
i.
h e
is
:::
p e
..
. ki n8
of
the
earthly
t s
bern
a
cle,
but
pre
pa
re
1/
th
e
zn
in
tl
f'or
:,
ha
t i s
co
miru
--;
. T'nen
in
yerses
i -5
he
d
e-
scri
Des
the
r r
nn
uem
ent
of
this
tabern
a
cle.
· He
brings
out
th e ~~l o1•i es 01' t
ha
t t a
bern
a
cle
by
repeatin
g
the
descriptive
a
dj
e
ctiv
e
"·
o1clen'' a
gn
in
a
nd
a
p,a
in
1n
enumerat
ing
the
·a
rti
cl
es
that
be
lo
ng
ed
to
the
H
oly
of
H
olies<
6)
After
th
i s de scr i -ot
io
n he sa
ys
in
the
9th
verse:
"
•.
·,hioh
·
-.u
s
~~~
--
-
----------
-
----------
--
----------------
-------
N
ote
(6
).
on
the
statement
of
v.
3
that
the
holy
of
holies
~ • otr« v
vJ
vntrc,/e
,o,,
, h
11
s
the
g
olden
altar
of
incense,
compa
re
no
t e 4, p
.1
2
.13,
above.
On
the
st
a
tment
of
v.4
that
t he !
Ol
den pot
of
ma
nna
a
nd
A
aron
Is
rod
wer
e
in
'Che
Arl
~
of
th e
tost
om
ent
, op
.Ex.
16,33;
N
um.17,10;
l l
Cg
s.8.9
( 2
'1iron.
5,10).
The e;tp
re
ss statdJricmt
Ghat
in
Solon1on1 s
time
the
Ark
co
nt
ai
ned
n
oth
in
g s
ave
the
two
tables
of
stone
1
1nn
lies
that
o
ri
gi
na
l l y m
ore
hnd b
een
in
it,
viz.
the
manna
an
d
rod,
_
as
our
·:
1
ri
te1•
says
• • ,h
A.
t
had
become
of
them,
we
are
not
told,
hence
do
no
t
lm
o\l.
Pa{se
49
"'1 u ,A ' ' • ' 1
a
.i.
gure
.1.01,
the
time
then
present"
. .,,.,.,,
-rr
..
~,,,,.,,,
-..
1s
r,'1/
""'f'O'•
It,
ho
w
ever,
th
at t u
bernaole
vrith
nll
its
exact
arrange-
m
ents
f
'i;:e
cl
by G
od
Hi111self, \rl.
th
all
1
ts
golden
ves
s
els
$1.
nd
eq
ui
pm
ent,
with
its
g
lorious
holy
of
holies,
yet
is
only
a
'l'T'"'e~
.3,l~ ,
then
it
oould
not
be
the
reality
itself'
;
//_.
A
nd
so
evon
w
hon
'
'into
the
second
went
the
hi(',h
:nriest
alo11e
once
ev
e
ry
year,
not
\
rl.thout
blood,
which
he
offered
for
him&
el
f n
nd
for
i;he
errors
of
the
people"
(v.7)
this
servic
o
or
th
e D
ay
of
Atonement
also
couJd
not
be
the
..
' .
fi
no.
l r cn
lit
y, b
ut
a
~'4/rJ,or
figure,
and
thnt
us
'°""
trZitito"
'
..
,
71Y ~l"'i.01"11iro7
"'
---
which,
no
matter
which
of
the
J
>Ossible
e
xp
l
a11a
ti
ons
or
'
'p
resent
time"
sug
estecl
by
interpreters
we
mi t aoqep
t,
a
lways
implies
that
the
Old
Testamen~
't
o.l
,cn,
no
.
cl
e
·1a
s b
ut
a
temporary
arrangement,
not
the
great
abi
u
in
f ,
pe::rni
•tnen~
reality
itself.
This
p
oint
is
ailuded
liO o
nce
ore
in
r.he same
chapter,
v.
2lf.
11
.woreover
he
(
l4
ose
:i
) f:
pr
in
k
lad
w
ith
blood
both
the
tabernacle
and
all
.
the
ve
s ,a
ls
of
the
m
inistry
•••••
It
was
therefore
necessary
. [ ,
th
at tl1e
pa
tterns
(u~o
•vr~r«)
of
things
in
the
heavens
should
be
pu
rifi
ed v
ii
th
these,
etc
•
11
Here
the
tabernacle
c.
r ,
a
nd
its
eq
ui
p
ment
are
once
more
declared
merely
~"a'~rf'~T~
pa
tterns,
co
p
ies,
su
g~;
estions.
They
are
not
the
reality.
\
\hen
here
f or e
on
the
Da
:v
of
Atonement
tho
vessesl
of
thi
•s
"cm
.
:y
' ~,e
re
s
y,
rinkled
,11th
the
blood,
this
was
on
i;he
face
of
t h
ings
not
the
final,
6enulne
''pur3ing"
or
purification.
I ,
In
v.
24
the
sane
tuary
is
oalled
.,.,,.,
..,.,,"°'
which
Delitzsch
translates
"a
mere
counterfeit
of
'Che
true"•
\ C.
..
,\nd
bec
a
use
they
are
p
erformed
in
the
1<o~c11<0
v
""
I''"'
which
Pa3e
60
.
was
o~ly
i,vo,u,,...
,
61(1~
1
rro.e"D-~-.'
1
Oi',
~.,,.,.,;.,,.,,._
of'
heavenly
rea
l:1
ty,
the
entire
rites
or
the
Day
of
A-
tonement
u
re
1n
c1
rked
as
lacking
reality,
as
insufficient
in
t
hernselves
.
The
author
of
Hebrews
a
lso
lNSUBFICI
BNrl'
BECAUSE
PA
RT
OF A COVE
HJ
\NT
OF
SH.I\.DO
WS
places
the
evealuation
of
inade-
/
ay
of
A
tonement
by
proving
the
covenant
of
quacy
on
i;he
I
which
it
wa
s
an
integral
part
a
co~enant
of
shadows.
In
/
ch
a pte1• 8 •:,e 1.'ind
him
sa.ying,
v.•tff',
"For: U
that
first
cove
nan
t
had
IJeen
faultless,
then
should
no
place
have
been
sou
~
ht
f
or
the
second.
For
finding
fault
vdth
them~ I
Hes
1t
h, ,
ehold
,
the
days
co~e,
saith
the
Lord,
when
I
w
il
i. mnk e a
new
covenant
with
the
house
of'
Israel!
and
wi
~
the
ht>
u
Re
of
,Ju
da
h
•••
11
•
Then,
after
quoting
the
remainder
I
/
"In
'Chat
He
nf'
Je
r ,
31,
31 -
34,
the
author
concludes,
.
snith,
A n
ew
covenant,
He
hath
marle
the
first
old.
Momv
t
ha
li
'.'h
ic
h
de
c
i:1.
yeth
and
waxeth
old
is
ready
to
vanish
o.way."
'l1h
eso ··,o
rda
d
eclare
and
p
rove
the
Old
Testmnent
·
covenant,
inclu
rl
in
g 1
ts
Ti
om
H
akip
p
urim,
a
tem
por,;,.ry
ar
,r
ang
ement.
What
concerns
our
subject
still
more,
the
sta'te111ent of'
v.
7,
deollres
the
Old
Te
:i
tnment
covenant
subject
to
c.
ensure,
defective
in
some
res
p
ect.
J,
It
,10.s
not
-'l"'",.,.,,TbJ.
h'ven
though
the
author
i
ll
1;he
su
cceding
8th
·
verse
says,r-Y.-/oJMC"dJ
_,:.,TOl'I
,
placi
ng
the
t~ue
reason
t.or
the
fault
in
lihe· f a
ultiness
or
the
pe
ople
living
under
that
covenant;
yet
this
does
not
ch
nnge
the
truth
that
the
Old
Covenant
proved
un~atis-
f'aotory
and was
actually
for
'that
reason
set
aside
by
a
Page
51
a
ne
w
co
ven
a
nt
. 3
ut
in
w
hat
d
id
the
fault
or
the
old
coven
an
t c
om1
i s
t'l
'L'he
author
ha
d.
already
3
iv:en
one
ans
w
er
to
thi s ~
tuest
i on
in
the
preceding
cha11tor.
Ob•
'l,
18
:f'
ho
wrot
e,
'The
re
is
verily
a
disannulli:ng
ot
the
co
,1
a.
ndme
nt
g
oi
ng
before
for
the
vrealmess
A
nd
•
unprofit-
ab
le
nes s t
her
eo
f . F
or
the
law
m
ade
nothin
g ~
erroctn.
J.-A
' ' I I
~
..
•'(s
t..'lll
c
"'"wf
Vlf.S
he
ca
lled
the
Uld
Test
a
ment
covenant,
.J '
~
-1
, C I
b
ee
use
ow._"'
a
Tu-tc&Jriv'
0
~o,u,os
• r1
othing
was
broulJht
to
pe
rfe
c t i on ,
to
the
t
rue
5oal f
or
u
hich
the
entire
law
and
cov
enant
~
re
re
g
iv
e
n.
B
ut
t4is
st
a
tement\~
the
author
had
pr
e
1l0
1•e
d i'
or
n
11
d mtb
st
a
ntiated
in
v.
llf
by
pointing
to
the
1>1
•i
es
t
h0Cl1.1
in
conju
n
c,tion
with
w
hich
the
law
E\Xld
covenant
C.
''
, , ) ~
h d
be
en
.,
i
ve
n , c,
">.
°"'S
~e
err
cc1
r:,
he..,rJ.,:,)
v1.-1
Dp
odt.
'r11T•
he h
nd
,·
.iri
tten.
!eh.
e
Levi
~
ical
priest-
hood
was fm
Ernse11
ti
al p
art,
a.
foundation
pier
of
the
Old
Te
st
en
t C
l')
venn
nt
a
rr
o.nn
ernenta.
11
;t
is
the
soul
or
the
en
t i r e l er,i0l n
ti
o
n.
A!l
tho
arra
ng
ements
of
the
-l a
w,
the
entir
e
acb
n:n
ist
r n
tlo
n of the p
eo
,
le,
involves
the
priest-
hoo
d .
1f
ther e
is
a
fa
il~ro
in
lihe p
riestly
service,
~he
whole
sy
sten
i b
re
a
ks
dow
n"
(Dodds).
The Day
of
Atonement,
ho
weif
er,
w
as
m
ost
inti
n1a
tely
connected
w
ith
a
ll
this,for
ii;
•;e.s
i;
he
nndal r
e-inst
a
tement
of
the
Levitical
priest-
hood,
and
it
s
seven-
f
old
sprinklin
g
of
~he
reconciling
bloo
d had
th
e pur ~o$e
of
renew
ing
the
covenant
a
rr
o
ngementa.
Bu~
no
w God
spe
aks
in
Ps.
110 ,
of
a
priest
'ord
a
ined
after
1.he
order
of
I
.'
i
elc
h
iz~dec
II A
nd
no:b
after
the
order
of
Aaron,
thus
npp
ointi
ng
a
chnnge
or
priesthood.
T
hat
oha
ng
e,
ho
,v
ever,
woul cl
be
uncnlled
f9r
if
.
the
Uld
Test
a
ment
Page
52
pr
ie
st
hoo
rl
a
ctu
a
lly
ha
d
been
tulfillin~
the
intendled
p
ur
po
se
'1
to
D
r1J
l!!
r11
en
nenr
to
God"
(v.19).
Thus
the
inade-
qua
cy
of
tho
IJld
Covenant,
that
in
wh
ich
was
faulty,
defec-
'Cive,
·,as t h
i.
, t hat
its
r,
rer\t
oal
th11.t
by
it
r:1en
n
1i
3
ht
·
lr,,'f
ov'To
~
e~p
was
never
trul-y
accomplished.
By
bein..~ a
!>a.rt,
t howth
ev
or so
prominent
nnd
g
lorious,
of
such
a
c
ovcn
an
'C
,
the
uny
of
•
tenement
a
lDo
is
necenserily
in
a
de-
qu
a t e . Th i s i s em h
n.
tic
a
lly-
repe
e
ted
cha
p
t;er
10,
tnc,J..,.
\ ,
~
, \ ,
.,
IJ,.,
<.
,.
~
i/(.,., o ~O
J'C
DJ
1·:3v- /f.'M).•,f'·r'41'11
°'F
wt'.
<tc#V'is
in
the
em
ph n
tic
pl .
ce,
as
that
ch
a
rncter1st1c
of
the
lo.\7
:1h
ich
det
er
mi nes i 1;s
in
"
de
qu,acy
11
(Dodds).
'l'hat
t·!ru
characteristic
of' t he e
n-c
i r
t:
Ol d
Covenant,
It
was
~hndo\/y,
indefinite,
s.nd i
msulJ
-c
n
't
i
1.
.it
co
ul d
not
by
its
ve
1•
y na
ture,
nor
by ch e i
nti
m•
1;
;i on 3
of
God
's
str..temants,
dea l
•;
1
1th
T_,.}../r,,tnJ,
Of uch
/'\.
r;c
vonn.11
,;
th
e
I.Ja
y
of
/
lton~ment
,·,as a
part,
P.
su
pp
o
1,
i n•;
'>
i l l
11
r . So
it,
too,
m
ust
p·
rt
~
J,:e
or
"1le
insf-
fic
i c
nc
;y
nnd
in
adeq
ua
cy
of
the
coven0-nt
\ti
th
:mi
ch
1 t
• "
tIS
I 1s · , , r ·r
·u
cy
l~OT ·.1I
T"'t0
Ur.r E
SI
H
OH
G
OJ
1 S S
\R
T
W
as
then
this
in.
'i.
de
q
uacy
of
the
Day
of
!~
t u11ement, or
its
p:t:l:eat,
its
s
s.
cr
•:i.
f'
1ce,
i
ts
pl ~
ce
of
ministry,
,-
_1.
nd
of
lihe
coven
a
nt
or
.1h
i
ch
it
~e
s a pa
r~,
---
,as
a
il
t
his
mere
ch
e
.nce
and
a
cci
d
ent
? Ho
t"
! s
ll:i.
11
.e
understand
th
is
ins\1ff'io.i.ency
in
'Che
li
gh
t
of
the
f a
ct
th
a t G
od
H
in1self
had
so
ordered
'mis
Day
of
Atonement
in
all
its
parts?
~lso
for
this
question
the
aut
h
or of
Hebrev,..,
gives
us
e.ns
,
er.
!Jod
d:esigned
all
this
~1th
a
purpose.
Tlio
cl
o
rest
st
a
tement
on
tllis
\l
O
find
in
ohnptor
91
Page
:;3
'71th
its
in
d1Jb
it
a
ble
rote
:r
•ence
to
the
Dry
ot
Atone
nu
rrnt.
V
er
se
6f'
.r
we
read
,
11
lloi1 when
these
thin
g~ wero
so
·
ord
a
ined,
t
he
!>
r i
es
ts
;
·,sn
t al \'
111.
ys
into
the
.:f'irst
tabern
a
cle
., aooomp-
lis
hi11' i
;h
e sor
vi
c:
e of G
od.
tm
t
into
the
second
\
':ent
the
hi
t~
h
\'>r
j.
es
t
!l
l
o11e
o
nc
e
every
y
eo.r,
not
w
ithout
blood,
'll
hich
he or f
er
ed :
or
hirnsel f ,
o.
nd
f
or
the
errors
or
the
peo
r,
le:
Tl
1e Hol y ~
host
th
is
si
g
ni
fy
ing,
that
the
way
bto
the
f
\
I
I
ho
li
e
st
of
nJ
.l
w
as
11
ot
yet
mo.
de
ma
nifest,
while
as
tlJ_e
first
.I
t ab
er
na
cl
e
wa
s
yet
st anding='.
Pointing
out
the
tl!mee
·v
ar
t
ic
ul
'l.
r s i~l
io
h
bri
ng
out
the
impossibility
ot
tree
a
cc
ess
to
'·
he
Pre
sence
bet
w
een
the
w
ings
of
the
cherubim.
ov
er
the
\
rl
c
--
l}
not
nt
my
time,
but
only-
once
a
year;
2}
not
by ~
my
nnrl a
ll
p
riests
J>
rom:l:scuou.sly , .
but
by
the
hi
~h
~r
i
os
t onl y;
3}
not
freely,
but
only
with
the
• p
re-
sc
ri
b
ed
bl
ood
·:1
a.s
u
ccess
possibl
.e
--
the
author
of
Hebre\'18
add
s
ro':ir
o [w)."';'.,76s
-rro
;;a,s~•<J•J 711
1,
lr;,~a,il.
11
t h
is
the
Holy-
'Sptl!:n:l;t
si
fmi £yi11c1,
thnt
tho
wa
y
into
the
H
oly
of
Holies
had
n
ot
ye
-I
;
be
en
1i1ad
e mani f
est
while
the
i'oretent
has
still
o.
pl a
ce
' ,
:D
od
ds'
tr
n
nsl
a
bion).
'
Access
to
1he
Ho~
of
Ho
li
es
bc
in
• th
us
b•1r r
ed
,
,as
an
intim
a
tion
that
the
)
i
true
a
ccess
to
God had not
yet
been
furnished
• • • 'mle /
vacy
ob
je
ct
of
the
divis'ion
of
the
To.barna
cle
·
into
t\10
r o ~
ms,
and o
ut
er
an
d nn
inner,
was
to
impress
men
with
the
f a
ct
th
~t t
he
way
ot
ac~eas
had
not
actually
been
disclosed
"
(Dodds,
.ih.
1>•
Ir.Teat
•
.,
Vol.
iv,
P·•
330)
•
Ever
,
✓
a
nd
a a
in,
when
the
high
p
riest
had
lifted
the
veil
to
enter
the
H
oliest,
that
veil
dro
p
11
ed
back
into
its
pl
Q
oe;
o.
l ,
.q
a
ys
it
wa
s a ca
se
of hope
deterred.
•I//
r;;~
J1,:,~
Sl!J
Page
54
iat
n:loht der ,
,eg
in
d
"l
s A
llorhe111
8
ste
dos
alt
test.
Ci
ottes-
h
nuses
; d
enn
d:
sz tti es r
noch
nioht
jedem
often
stnnd
ttar
ei
ne
ge
och
ic
hi
;l
i cha 'rn
ts
a
che,
die
nioht
von dem
hill•
Goiste
geof f e
nb
nr
t zu
verde
n
bra
u
chte.
Oemeinst
1st
der
durch
Ch
ri:ati
ri:
1n
gi
m g
in
d
en
Himmel
ge6ttn
e
te
neue
~Y
eg
od
er
Ein-
-"' r -
c.'
ga
n~
in
do.
s
Ho
ili
tum,
wo
G
ott
1st,
\Vie
bei
urooo.s
.,,.,,,,
•r
c,,/
l0,1
9f
. '' (Ke
il
,
r.
a.
d.
H
ebr.,
p.
2
31).
Hereu
p
on
verse
9
~,
•
,,
-
l,,._JfJ
,
a
dd
s i;
he
st
at eme
nt
:
)a,,s
n111{!1«fJo)..,,
.cr,I,
,,.,,~<
P'i,e•11 o-r;-1t1.r1ws
,
eu,1.,,14-,;t/ll\.
•
Kei
l r ema
rks,
'
'lJiese
Verse
g
eb
en
an,
in
•:
lietern
du
r:h
dns
3e
st
eho
n
de
s v
ord
e
ren
Zeltes
a
ngedeutet
1st,
da
sz
dor
..
e
::,
zum
'.
'l
11hr
ha
f'ten
He
iligtum
G
ottes
noch
nich:t
oti'enbar
gewo clen·1• a Dod
ds
tr
a
nslates
v.9.10,
11
F'or
this
is
a
pnr
bl e
fo
~
th
e t ime
lt
h
en)
p
resent,
in
a
ccordance
with
which
(pa
rab
l e )
are
c>.f'i'e
red
both
g
ifts
and
sacrifices
that
cannot
n
er
f'e
ct
h:i.m
th·
•t rl
oth
the
service
as
re
g
ards
conscience,
bei
nP.
on
l y o
rd
in
a
nc
es of the
flesh
resting
up
on
meats
and
dr i 1ks a
nd
di v
ers
uash
in
g
s,
imp
ose
f
until
the
time
or
recti-
f'ic
at :lon ' .
Li
lr.
e
the
outh
er
tent,
so
the
entire
dispensation.
i
'he
.l.i
e
vi
t
ic
al
or
d
inances
v,ere
to
show
in
every
part
that
eve
ryth
in
done ·,as h
ut
a tempora:by
nrrangemont;
was
only
somet
hi
ng
po
11ti
n.~
for
w
ard
to
o.
time
of
1,,:et)
111
nJ
, a
time
of
·1p
ut
~
in
g
th
i
ng
s
ri
gh
t,
bringing
ma
tters
·
into
.a
satisf'ac-
r ,;... .., , ..,
,,
tory
st
at
e" . f
ln
d
a.
11
this
was
a..,,11011-,ns
"°"
""''l'C7WJ
-n,,
o1,r,o~
The
Ho
ly
Gh
os
t
wh
o spea
lcs
to
men
not
only
in
the
prophets
but
in
the
entil"e
tt-/.J,
i,/,.,,,11n•s
(op.
2
Tim.
3,
16
and
Heb.
1,
1),
had a
ll
t
he
se
arroU8ements
of
the
Old
Testament
ritu
al
(also
those
pa
rticular
ordinances
of
the
Day
of
Atone-
inent
so
sr
a
phic
!l
lly
reo
n
lled
to
the
m'\nds
of
the
read
"
rs
Page
55
of
·rebrows
hare
),
fixed
and
recorded
so
m ·.
n~tely
with
the
d
es
i gn
th
a t bv
'!.
ll
these
signs
of
insuftioiency
and
marks
·or
to
mpo1•
11
ry
intent
i on
m~
n
might
be
led
to
look
:forrrard
to
a day of
II
sat
is
.f'n.
ctory
st
a
te
11
,
look
tor,1ard
t.o
the
true
pr
i
est
,
th
e
tru
e
sa
cr
ifice,
the
true
putting
aside
of
the
veil,
the
true
ope
nin
g o:f a
ccess
to
the
fresence
of
God
with
13
11
th
is
"ff'liceoi,
,do;\-,
wa
s
promisin
g.
"
An
other
bi t; of'
Go
d1 s
desi
•n
1n
o.
11
this
is
indicated
/
i n
oh
:i t er 5 , v. 1 -
3.
11
1!:very
:tt,:tgh
pr:te
st
ta
k
en
f
rom
'
amon5 m n
is
orda
in
ed f
ro
men
in
things
pert
a
ining
to
God,
th
at
he
m,ly
o_fe
1•
bo
th
rs
i
:ft
s
and
sacrifices
for
sirrs:s Who.
can
ha
ve
c
om
pu
ssi
·n
on
the
i g
norant,
and
on
them
that
are
out
0
1.'
the
w11
y , ·
for
t
hat
he
himself
al
~o
is
compassed
with
·
infi
rm
ty~
A.n
d b··
re
n.son
hereof
he
ought
as
for
the
people,
so
t\
lso
f or hi rn
:e
l f
to
offer
:for
sin
11
•
Here
it
is
sto.ted
tlha t o
no
of ,;od Is p
urposes
in
ordainin
g
high
p
riests
who
both
by
reaso
n
of
tho
divine
ordinance
.
(e.g
!
on
the
Day
of
At
onament
) ·
in
d
by
tho
ir
O\",n
moral
need
had
to
offer
first
fo
r t he
ir
or
m s
ins,
an
d.
then
f.or
the
people,
was
thins:
lD
A
....,
~r -' ' ~
,1
,...,,
,r
.1-• .,wu.../'r,tl
rr
-
,,.,.
..
re1(')11fl(vt.,,,, ocJl/t(l",'""I
n"1;)
.,,~O,J
.
tr,.,
... -
""'
r--
-'
Ke
il
sa
ys
,
11
14.t'IO&I~
( vg
l.
Jr"o
1
l1<t11.7-,.
9,
7)
bezeichnet
ein
in
tler
,,
ersu
r:hl
ic
h
en
SchwHohe
der
mensch
lichen
lfatur
be-
B
rtl
n
de
tes
SHn
di 0e
n,
we
lches
infol
ge g
etrdbten
sittlichen
e'.'lUSZts
si
ns
d
en
0
8ttlichen
,Villen
verkannt"
(B
r.
an
d.
H
ebr.
p,
127
).
And f
or
the
sake
of
those
w
ho
under
the
Old
Cov
en
a
nt
fe
ll
into
such
sins
of
wealmess,
in
11
rllich
they
~"Jere
over
·
ome
in
the
stru
gg
le
of
the
Spirit
a
ga
inst
the
f'elsh,
God
wa
nted
a
high
priest
!A-"-Tt'".,,r:t/1,iy
lw.ttp
1
r•1J
TMJ
,,,,_,,-,,,--;
Page
56
one
\7ho
co
ul d
keep
the
proper
balanoo
bet\78en
stoical
apathy
a
nd
pa ss
ionnto
excitement,
and show
himself
mild
a.nd
mo
d~r
a.
te
rlith
those
uh
o
have
erred.
The
sincere
believers
of
tho
Ol d Oovena
nt
must
have
relt
veey
keenly
their
fail-
uro
s
to
liv
e up
to
the
s
tr~ent
dem!lllds
of
the
l,
toaaic
ord
i n
nnces
a
nd
t
heir
tr
rmss r e
ssions.
To
re-assure
thea
_e
tru
e
-h
ea
rted
on
es G
od
wanted
them
to
have
before
their
a
yes
in
t
he
pe1'
son
or
,
in
high
priest
t'lho
had
tirst
to
aacr1.-
l
f'ice
:for
his
o·.m
sins
a symbol
of
God1 s
grace
which
can
and
does
h._
'l.
ve
c
omp
a
ss
i on on
sim1ors.
They
uero
not
to
despair
of
fin
d
in
g ~n
un
do
rstandi
n~
heart
w
ith
the
high
p
riest
wh
o
minist
er ed b
efor
e
the
unapproe:chable
holiness
in
the
una.,
n
ro
ac
hnb
l e Sa
nctuary,
but
take
.
heart
to
come
to
him
for
h
is
in
t er c
ess
i on and
mediation
uith
O
od
in
their
be-
hf\11' •
'l'hey
1
:1
ero
to
infer
th
at
since
God
had
provided
them
:rit
h
such
n.
11
hi;,;h
pr
iest,
ho
would
also
look
to
their
humble
n
nd
cont
r i t e :L i r
it
n.n
d U
is
promi
sed
Savior
in
t·.
1
hom
they
wa
r e
trust
:
tn
r~ and
would
ag
:i
in
accept
them
into
Ji
is
covenant.
At
the
D
3?11
0 t
ime
the
ile
qu
irement
th
l'l-
t
the
high
p
riest
first
sa
crific
e f or h
is
own s
ins
-
.-,ou
ld
tend
to
keep
him
meek
and
humb
le
even
in
his
exa
lted
office.
Thus
the
ver y p
e.rt
i
cul
rs
l'lhich
the
author
of
H
ebrews
points
o
ut
as
mar
ks
ot
insufficiency
in
the
D
o.y
of
Atone-
me
nt,
he
al
so
de
cl
a
res
to
ha
ve
been
desi
s
ned
by
God
for
a
twofold
p
ur
p
ose.
On
the
one
h
o.
nd
they
,1ere
desi
g
ned
to
fit
the
sn
iritu
1
nee
ds
of
a
people
living
in
a
period
of
\'18.111-
i
ng
and
expe
ct
at
i o
n.
On
the
other
hand
they
,,ere
designed
to
keep
const
a
ntly
before
the
minds
o:t
all
,mo
aoriou.aly
'
Page
57
consi
de
r ed t
he
m
the
fact
that
the
ae
ap
1,
ointments
had no
tr
ue val
ue
~n
themselves,
but
a
ore
a
parable
and
shadow
and pr omise
of
a
time
to
come when
all
things
w
ere
to
f
ind
th
e
ir
l,,:e411Jtlij
an
d
be
brou
g
ht
to
a
truly
satisfactory
state.
I '
l.
1S
VI
t
TUE
DER
i l/ED
O
NLY
FR0
1i
THE
~'/
OUK
OF emus,:
Thus
all
this
fits
marvelously
into
the
thesis
of
Hebrews
th
at
th
e cr>mi~
of
. Je
sus
and
ts
w
ork
has
•brou
gh
t ,,oef)wnJ ,
nd that n
ll
vi
!'t
ue
and VR
lue
ot
t
he
Old T
est
a1
11
ent
ord:!in-
onc es
der
iv
ed o
nl
y f'r
om
H
im.
To
present
this
"T
fully
wou
ld
r eq
uir
e a c
omme
nt
a
ry
on
the
entire
letter.
ri8
sh
~
ll
conzine
ou
rse
lv
es
t o nn
outline
of' t,he m
ain
p
oints.
In
,J
es
us
we
have
o.
Hi
gh
Priest
perfectl
y
f:ttted
to
o
ur
n•
-
ed
t•.n
i11
spi r i
ng
our
comp1ete
confidence.
Chapter
2
p
ic
tur
es H
im,
who
had
been
described
p
reviously
e.
s
the
ex:-\
l t ed
So
n
of
God,
incarnate
"not
a~hamed
to
call
us
broth-
ers
·• ( v .
llf
),
Ho
and
we
being
'from
one"
(v.11),
and
He
sh r
in
.i;;
o
ur
''bl nod and
flesh
11
(v.14),
ns
One
who
under.took
t o
he
l p t he s0
ed
of
Abrshron a
nd
therefore
needed
to
be
ma
de
l i
ke
u
to
li s
bre
thren
in
a
ll
thi
ng
s
(v.16.17)
"That He
mi rs}lt
be
a m
erci
f
ul
and f a
ithful
highpriest
in
th
in
gs
p
er-
.t
aint~
t o G
od,
to
mn
ke
reconciliati
on
for
the
sins
of
the
pe
op
le.
•or
in
th
at He H
imself
suffe
r
ed
bei
ng
tem
p
ted,
H~
1s
abl e t o su11cour
th
em
th
at a
re
temp
ted
11
•
(v.17,
18).
11
r
1e
have not an hi
gh
riest
which
ca
~ot
be
touched
with
the
fe
e
li
~ of
our
infirmities,etc
"Ch.4,
15.
A
similar
t
ho
ug
ht
under
li
es ch .5,
7.8.
Surely,
we
can a
pp
roach
this
our
H
igh
Priest
~11th
.full
confid
e
nce
th
o.
t
He
,1111
und
r,
rstnnd
our
p
li
r91
t,
fee
l b
it
y,
be
rea
dy •
to
provide
all
the
help
th
nt
1s
l'e.ge
58
11.
t Hi s comrnandL
At
the
some
time
Ho
is
such
on
High
Priest
uho
is
perfectly
fitted
to
the
task
of
medinting
with
God. F
or
Ho
is
God-appointed
(ch.::s,1.2;
5,5.6).
He
is
a
lso
fa
ultless,
7
reat,
and
eternal,
and
can
even
romain
·'wit
h
in
the
veil
11 ,
made
a
priest
'
'not
afte
t•
the
lav,
of
a
oar
n'\
l
co
nmv
indment,
but
Rf'ter
the
pov,or
of
an
endless
life"
(c
h .
'7
, 16
.lrl),
in
11
tm
unch
ang
eable
priesthood
1'
(v.24)
''ever
livi
n
c,;
to
mnl
te
in
ter
cession
·•
(v.25)
"h
oly,
ha
rmless,
unde-
f'
ile
d , s
epn
r ~
te
from
sinn
e
rs,
snd
made
hi
g
her
than
the
honv
e
ns
" (v.
26
) " a
son
consecrated
for
evermore
"
(v.28)
He
is
1na
de
comp
lete
to
b&
the
Au~hor
of
etern
al
salvation,
desi
;:-
n•,
ted
by
G
od
a Hi gh
Priest
according
to
the
order
of
,!
elc
h
izedoc
(ch.
5 ,
9.10).
He
is
11
an
high
priest
over
the
hou
so of ~
od'
(ch.
10,
~
l),
a
'great
hi
gh
priest"
(ch.4,14).
In Jesus 1e have
the
true
sacrifice
or
atonement and
rec
,m
ci
l i At i o
n.
Our
ttigh
i
riest
"
needeth
not
cia
ily
to
o
ffer
up
sacrif
ice
•••
for
this
He
did
once,
·
men
li
e
o.ffered
up
Hi ms e
lf
'
(ch.7,
27).
''For
Gh
1st
is
not
entered
into
the
hQ
l y
·>
l
r.t
ces
••••
th
at
.u.e
should
offer
!i
imself
often,
e.s
the
hih
m
~iest
e
ntereth
into
the
holy
p
lace
every
year
·with
the
blo
nd
of
othe
rs;
Fo
r
then
must
·He
often
ha
vo
suffered
since
the
fo
u
ndat
i on
of
the
--
;
orld:
·
ut
no
·
·,
once
in
the
end
of
the
w
orl
d
ho
th
lie
ap
µeo.
red
to
put
R.\'IB.Y
sin
by
the
sacrifice
of
H
ims
e
lf'
(
ch.
9,
24
-
28).
" We
are
sanctified
throt.1
&h,
the
oi'f
ei~in
g
of
the
body
of'
Jesus
Oh
"
ist
once
for
a.
11
11
(ch.10,
5 -
14
).
'' v H
is
01,m
:11ood He
entered
in
once
into
the
holy
.. .
!)l
a
ce
ha.
vi
n
obtRinect
eternal
1'edem-pti on
for
us
"
(ch.
9,
12-
14 ;
13
, 12 ) • .
nd
"
when
e
had
by
Himself
pur{Sed
our
sins,
Page
59
sat dorm
on
the
right
ha
nd
of'
the
ma_
,jesty
on
hi
gh
.='
(ch.1'1p3)
Jesus
h~s
brou
gh
t
the
perfect
a
nd
fin
al
sacrifice,
eter
na
ll
y
p~n
e
rful
.nd
av
ai l
in
g.
In
J
e3
u
s,
furthermore,
we
have
a
mediation
p, rf
ormed
in
th
e ve
ry
pr e
sence
of
G
od
in
heav:en
·
itself.
"We
h n
ve
a
gr
ea
t Iii
@).
Pr
iest
th
at
is
pa
ssed
into
the
heavens,
Jesus
th
e
Son
of G
od
"
(ch.4,
14;
1,3;
7,
27).
'i:
'le
hs.ve
such
an
H
igh
Pr
i e3t
1:1
ho
is
set
on
the
right
hand
of
the
throne
of
?l!
ajesty
in
the
heavens,
A.
minister
of
the
true
tabern
~
cle
w
hic
h t
he
Lo
rd
p
itched
n
nd
not
:ru.
n (
ch.a,
l .
2;
9,
11)
•.
'F
or
Chr
i
st
is
not
ent
e
red
into
the
holy
places
made
w
ith
ha
nds
i::h
ich
. 1•e
the
:f'i3Ures of'
the
true,
but
into
he
a
ven
1
t-
se
l f ,
no
i,
·,
t o a
p'l.)
ear
in
the
pre
s
ence
of' G
od
for
us
" (
ch.
9 ,
24),
"sat
cl
o·;
,n
t
the
1
•i
y
)lt
ha
nd
of
G
od
"
(ch.1O,
12).
There
~He
ev
,
:.
r
li
vet h
to
ma.
l
ee
interces
s
ion
for
them
whom
come
unto
Cz
od
by
.di
m'
(
oh.
7,
25).
Fi na
ll
y,
in
an
d
by
dosus
our
atonement
is
pa
rt
of'
a
bet t er cov
enant
,
--
a p
erfect
covenant
of
full
remis
s
ion
of
s
ins
and
of
he
a
venly
inheritance.
11F'or
the
1'1w
made
nothi
ng
perfe
ct
but
t
he
bringi
ng
in
of
a
better
ho
pe
did;
by
the
·
1h
i ch
iv
e
dr
e.\Y
ni
gh
unto
G
od,
And
ina
·smuch as
not
fli
th
ou
t sn 00
th
lie was
made
priest
J
•••
By
so
much
was
Jesus
m
o.
de a
surety
of
n
better
testament
"
(ch.
7,
19
-23).
''He
is
t he
me
di
a
tor
of
a
better
cove~
a
nt,
\7hich
\"llS
est
a
b-
·
lished
upon
bettor
promises.
For
if
tha
.t
.fir'st
coven
an,t
had be
en
f a
ultless,
then
shoul
d
_no
place
have
been
sought
for
o.
second
!
',
--
but
Jar.
31,
-
31
-
34
promises
a
new
coven
a
nt
in
w
hich
·
sins
and
ini
q
uiti'es
11'1.li
be
re1nembered
Poge
60
no
more
nncl
hea
rts
1:1
111
be
renev,ed.
(ch.
a,
6 -
13;
:LO,
14ft).
"And
f'or
th
is
ca
use
.H
e
is
the
mediator
of
the
ne\7
testament
th
at
by
_ 1e
a.
ns
of
death,
for
the
redemption
of
the
trans
g
res-
si
r
>11s
th
at w
e1
'e
un
de
r
the
first
test
a
ment,
they
:mich
s
re
c
ll
ed
mi
~ht
receive
the
promise
of
etern
al
inheritance"
(ch.
9, 15; 1~,
24
;
13,
i
O).
Thus does
Jesus
p
rovide
.finally,
fully,
forever
that
wh
ic
h
th
e O
ld
Test
a
ment
Y
li
m
Hapippurim
co
u
ld
on
ly
f
ore-
s
ha
d
ow
•
..;i
ut
bec·
LUSe
it
qonstantly
pointed
forward
to
H
is
com i m·, H
is
r.
1e
db
.
tion,
Il
ia
a
tonement,
those
Old
Test
a
ment
f :
:tt
h
.r
ul \,ho
cce
p1;ed
that
promise
a
lre
ad
y,
like
Abrl:uuun,
by
f'
st
i th s
n•.
1 the day
of
Christ,
w
ere
count
ed
ri
g
hteous,
and
r ec
e,
.v
ed
et
er
na
l i n
heritance.
C P '!'
Jo~
1,;,
·, 10 -
12
There
re
m
ains
consi
d
ert
ai on
of
one
passage
v,1
thou
t
.1h
ich
this
ess
q,
y co,•J.d n
ot
be cal l
ed
comp
lete,
Hebrews
13,
10:f',
since
i t c
on
t n
ln
s cm e
vi
d
ent
reference
to
the
ri
tea
of
the
Day
of
At o
11
eme
11
1; • . t; f
irst
g
lance
the
pa
ssa
ge
would
seem
to
i
nd
ic
:it e t
ha
t t
;h
e
burnin
t~
of
the
cnrc
n
ses
of'
the
sac
r
ifici
al
ani
·r.
a
ls
.
outside
the
crun
p
on
the
Yoma
was
intended
as
a t ~
:-
pe
of
Jasus
in
H
is
su
fferin
g
outside
the
ga
te.
However,
t h
r.
t
is
sc
R
rc
el y the
intention
of
the
verses.
The
author's
inten
t
ion,
r a
th
e
r.
•1
is
t o
ut
before
his
re
ad
ers
point
blanlc,
once
more,
th
e
ne
ce
ssi
l;
y
of
1Mldng a
det
e
rmined
choice.
Either
his
re
a
ders
m
ust
b
re
ak ~
1th
the
Tabernacle
a
nd
servin
g
it,
ie.
bre
ak
t e
ir
a
ll
egi n
nce
com
p
letely-
w
ith
the
.
Jewish
reli
B
ion
:,;,
nd
whol o
ll
e:?rted
l y f
ollovr
Christ
so
th
at
they
m
igh
t ·
'est
of'
the
alt
ar ·
,e
h
'?.
Ve
11
,
beco
111
e pn
rt
n
lcers
of
llbrist
Is
salvation;
or,
•
Page
61
the:v
muat
brealc
with
Obrist.
It
is
absolutely,
eit."ler---or.
or
to
every
one
who
truly
'
serves
the
m
o.b
e
rnA.cle",
to
every
orth
o
dox
Jew, 1.f
he
thinks
at
a
ll,
Christ
n1ust
appear
as
P.n
n
bomin
a.
tion.
:
or
Christ
suffered
"
without
the
gate"
,as
an
outc
i1
st,
nondomned
o.s
a
blt,sphemer,
executed
as a cr·1min
a.
l,
---
Rs
uncl
ean
accordin
g
to
the
Law as
those
ca
rc
a
ses
burnt
out
s
id
e the c
amp
.
lh
is
line
of
thought
best
fits
the
11
the:r.e.fo e
11
o
t:
v
13
1'.
Since
Ohl'ist•s
•rorlc
is
done,
there
c
..
n h e no neut r al g
round.
..e
must
accept
Jl
i
?il
at
nl
l
coBts.
,ie
mu
st
c
hoo
se
re
p
ro
a
ch,
u
nd
,1
orse,
t
rl.th
H
im
r
ath
er
th
an
l
ose
i.ra
.
nl
y
so
do
we
sh
a
re
t..'lat
benefit
which
the
Old
'
est
ruae
11t
Duy
of
1\.
ton
em
ent
\'fas
to
confer
by p
ointin
g f
or
,
·,ard
to
,
tis
·,ork, a
nd
whi
ch
now
in
Jesus
is
f
or
e
ver
00111
p
letely
ef'
eci;od
by
vir
tue
of
ms sa
crifice
on
Good !
?rid
"-Y
,
the
Per
fe
c t
.J
cy
of
J
..
ton
eme
nt,
a
nd
which
is
forovei"
n1a
de
avail
a
ble
t o eva
1·:r
~me
i;hat be
liev
es
by
H
is
session
nt
the
ri
~
ht
ha
nd
of
J. c
.:J
esty
ns o
ur
P
erf
e
ct
r.
edi
a.
tor,
as
our
Ji;tern
nl i
t";
h
!
'z
•i
os
'
.;
,
;res
, as
our
lt
'ore2.•un
r.01•
within
tho
veil.
Such
is
t
he
evalu
i\
ti
c,
n
of
the
Uld
Test
ame
nt
Day
of
At
one
me
nt
by
its
o·.m
a
uthor,
the
H
oly
Sp
irit,
set
clom1
for
us
in
the
Ep
is
t
le
t o
the
libr
ew
s.
''.r'
h
us
the
Duy of At on
eme
nt
stands
bof'ore
us
in
th
e
Sc-·i:otu1•e
a.
s
a.
monument
of
that
wisdot1
of
God r
la.ich
l
w.
ys
finds
mea
ns
exactly
fitted
to
su
pp
ly
the
needs
of men
uriddr t
he
c
ond
itions
a
nd
times
in
vhllcUl
they
live,
mid
sti
l l m
ore
as a
mon
ume
nt
to
that
lovin
g
ldndnoss
of
the
Lo1•d w
hich
is
ever
stooping
to
the
sinners
to
rescue
their
s
ouls
f
ro
m
dea
th
'Uld
to
·'
1"estore
un
t o
them
tho
joy
of 2
:!.s
Pn
ge
62
sa1,1at i
on"
. A
lso
from
a
contem
pl
at
ion
of
this
unique
institution
of'
i~
h e O
ld
C.
nvenant
w·e
tod
ny
can
derive
corr.fort
in
o
u1"
d
:J.
ily
s
tr
ugP
les
and
tri
a
ls.
We
are
thereby
led
to
r
ane·
.
....
ecl
trust
in
the
\7
isdom
of
God
to
sh
ape
a
ll
His
~
rovidence
l3a
tb
the
re
q
uirements
of
our
da
ily
needs.
?le
are
l ad
to
n.pp
re
oi
u
te
11
11
the
bett
or
the
marvelous
ful
11o
ss
of
s
1'>
iritu
al b
lessin
gs
which
a
re
ours
as n
1en1
1>e
rs
oi'
t
he
Hew
CovenR
nt
. As
he
v,ho
hP..s
already
scaled
the
foot
h
ills
o.p
p
,.
•e
oi
s..
tes
a
ll
the
more
the
g1•and
heights
to
whi
ch
the
r
ugg
ed
pe
n.
le
still
to
w
ers
hi
gh
a.
bove;
so
he
·,ho
ha
s
cli
mbed
th
is
O
ld
Test
~1
me
nt
.
mount
of
g
race,
\'lho
has
se
en
th
e si g
nif'ice.noe
ot
the
rites
of
the
D
ay
of
A
tonement,
11
1
ust
·
pp
ro
ci
te
n
ll
the
~11
01•e
those
towerincs
heights
of
di
v
ine
1ne
1"cy
exh
i bi
te
d
by
the
p
erfect
a
tone
m
ent
of
Ca
lv
ii
ry
.
~-
i ·
i.ih
redoubled
emJ?hasis
the
p
lea
,
of
Hebrews
must
st
,.
":
U
re
home
into
h
is
hag.
rt:
"Ha
vin
g
the
r
efore,
B
rethren,
I
bol
dnoss
tQ
enter
into
the
holiest
by
the
blood
of
JES
US
,
by
::i new
sm
li
ving
,1ay ,~
'1'
1ich
He ha
th
consecr
:i
ted
£
or
us
th
rou
;-:
h
the
v
ei
l,
th
at
is
to
say
H
is
flesh;
nnd
havin
g
an
.H
i
r,-1
Frie
st
ov
er
the
hou
se
of
God;
Let
us
dr
aw
noan
vr
i'
lih e t
rue
hea
rt
i n
full
as s
ur
a
nce
of
f
1th.,
ha
vi
ng
our
hea
rts
sp
ri
n
lc
l ed
from
an
eveil
conscience,
end
our
bodies
,
·,
ashed
w
ith
p
ure
water.
Let
us
hold
f
a.
st
t
he
p
rofession
of
OU
?'
.fa
ith
11thout
wave
ring,
(for
He
is
faithful
th
a t
p1•om:tse
d;
➔
;\
nd
let
us
consid
er
one
another
to
p
rovolce
unto
l o
ve
~nd
to
::;
ood
\'lorlcs
11
(H
ebr.
10,
19i'f)
Page
63
BIBLIOG
~
RAPHY
C
OMM
E
NT
AR
I ES
K
13
1l-
De
litzsch,
Co1nmant
n.
ry
on
the
Pent
a
teuch,
3
vols.
Edition
of
T«T
Clnrlc,
Edinburgh,
1864
Fra
nz
De
litzsch,
CoDDnent
a
ry
on
the
Hebrews,
~
vols.
Edition
of
T&T
Clark,
Edinbur
g
h,
1878
J.
C.Fr
ied
r .
Keil,
Commentar
uber
d B
rief
and
Hebr
H
er,
Leipzi
g ,
1885
ri'he Exp
osito
r
's
Greelc
Test
am
ent,
Vol.
4:,
ti
arcus
Dodds,
D.
D.
on
the
Letter
to
the
Hebrews.
P . E.
lCr
etzin
a
nn,
Popul
ur
Cor,u
n
entary,
Old
Test
an
1ent,
,
vol.
l
P .
:b:
.Kr
e
tzm
mm
,
Popul
ar
Commentary,
Mew
Testament,
vol.
2
Lani
i:
e1 s Bi b
le
Cm
mn
entary,
edited
b:·
Ph.Schaff,
on
Leviticus
G.
Stoe
c
kh
rd
t,
B
ibl.
Gesoh
ichte
des
Alten
Testaments
R. C.H
.L
emsl
ci,
Interpret
a
tion
of
Hobre111s
L
~n
~
e•
s 31bl e
Co
mm
ent
ar y ,
edited
by
Ph.Schd'f,
on
Hebrews
He
i
m•
. Le
onh
rd
li
eubner,
Prnktische
.i:.rltlllrung
d.
1
f
■
T.
vol.
4,
(Potsdam,
1859)
Chr
i
sto
ph
St
ar l
ce,
Synopsis
etc.,
on
Hebrews
J ami
es
o
n,
Fa
ussett,
a
nd
Bro
,
m,
One-Volwne Commenta
ry
on
the
S
ible.
SP
E
Cif.~
L
VO
L
UME
S
Edo
rs
he
iln,
A
.,
D.D.,
'
fhe
Temple,
Its
Mi
nistry
and
Services
at
the
Time
of
~'hrist,
G
eo.Doran
Oo,
1908
MAGAZ
I
NE
S
'.?.
nd
PA
MPHL
ET
S
~
'hr!
. 1.{oenk
emoeller,
11
The
Festi
1Ja
ls
and
Sacrif'ioes
of
Israel".
/ s
mes
l,1
.
Gr
a
y,
D.D.,
:
•Christ
in
the
Saorifioin.l
Of'f'erings
'.
Carl
l
'il.S:
nthe
y
-Zorn,
11
Die
Ji.'pistel
a
nd
<lie
Hebraer
11
•
T1
1e
olo
g
ic
~l
Qu
a
rterly,
vol.
13
(1909),
Ho. 4,
P•
21
9
f't
Th
a
olo
5
ic
al
Qu
a
rterly,
vol.
24
(1920),
No.
1,
P•
17ft
Pa
ge
64
RBF'E
ltE
UCE
WOU
KS
Kirchliohea
Hnn
dlextkon,
Ueusel
et
al.
(Leipzi
g,
1902)
The
Intern
at
ion
nl
Standard
B
ible
Encyclopedia,
Jemes
Orr,D.D.
General
Kditor
(Chicago,
1925)
Jnhn
D.
Dav
is,
!,
dictionary
of
the
Bible,
4th
Edi
t1on
I
i'
